CN110184432B - Vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes - Google Patents

Abstract

The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts of the present invention includes a quenching furnace box, a plurality of driving rollers and a plurality of vector sprayers, and is characterized in that: the vector sprayer is composed of a base, a rotating stepping motor, a feeding It is composed of a stepping motor, a swinging stepping motor, a water delivery pipe, a top seat and a swinging plate. One end of the swinging plate is fixed with a nozzle, and the other end is fixed on the output shaft of the swinging stepping motor; the feeding stepping motor is driven by the lifting transmission mechanism The vertical shaft moves up or down in the vertical direction, and the rotary stepping motor drives the vertical shaft to rotate around the vertical direction through the rotary transmission mechanism; the swing stepping motor is used to drive the nozzle to swing. The vector spray quenching device of the present invention can realize uniform spraying of polyhedral parts, realize uniform and rapid cooling in the process of spray quenching of polyhedron parts, and can avoid excessive deformation and residual stress in the process of spray quenching of parts. The mechanical properties of the parts after quenching are guaranteed.

Description

A vector spray quenching device suitable for complex shape parts

technical field

The invention relates to a spray quenching device, more particularly, to a vector spray suitable for complex-shaped parts that realizes uniform water distribution by directing the spraying directions of a plurality of vector sprayers to different positions of the parts Quenching device.

Background technique

In order to improve the mechanical properties of metal parts to meet the design requirements, the parts need to undergo heat treatment processes, including solid solution and quenching processes. Among them, the quenching process, as the key link to control the residual stress of parts to obtain ideal mechanical properties, is the most difficult and challenging process to control in the heat treatment process. The traditional quenching process usually adopts salt bath + pool bath quenching (pool quenching) for production. However, this quenching process has many shortcomings. First of all, the pool quenching method has the disadvantages of low cooling rate and difficult to accurately control the cooling rate of different cooling surfaces and different cooling time periods. Secondly, when this quenching process is transferred from the salt bath furnace to the quenching water tank, the crane usually needs to be hoisted, and the transfer time is generally more than ten seconds, which aggravates the intergranular corrosion of the material, seriously affects the corrosion resistance of the product, and makes the product production. Low efficiency, high cost (about 50% of the total cost of parts), complex processes, and low yields greatly extend the production cycle of parts and become a bottleneck process that restricts production.

In addition, the salt bath agent used in the salt bath is a strong oxidant, which pollutes the environment and brings certain hidden dangers to safety production. Moreover, the process has serious energy consumption, which is far from meeting the current requirements for energy conservation and emission reduction. development needs. The US heat treatment roadmap clearly proposes to improve the quality and efficiency of heat treatment production in 2020 with the goal of 0 heat treatment distortion, 80% reduction in energy consumption, 75% reduction in production cost, and 0 environmental impact of heat treatment production. posed huge challenges.

Spray quenching is an advanced controllable fast cooling technology. Its principle is to pressurize water to form droplets to impact the object to be cooled, form a layer of gas-liquid film on the surface of the object, and take away heat to achieve the purpose of cooling. This technology has the advantages of high heat transfer capacity, small temperature difference in the cooling process, small demand for working fluid, no hysteresis of boiling, and no contact heat with the solid surface, etc. It improves the uneven cooling state and stress distribution of traditional bath quenching. The regulation of different cooling rates provides an effective technical approach. However, the existing spray cooling equipment is mainly for heat treatment of plates with regular shapes. Kind of roller hearth quenching furnace, Chinese patent, application number 201610158004.1, application date 2016.03.18). However, when spray-cooling parts with complex shapes, it is necessary to spray-cool in multiple directions at the same time to achieve rapid and uniform cooling. The existing nozzles arranged up and down in the furnace cannot meet the requirements, which seriously hinders the spraying of complex parts. Shower cooling production work.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a vector spray quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes.

The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts of the present invention includes a quenching furnace box, a plurality of driving rollers and a plurality of vector sprayers arranged in the quenching furnace box, and the plurality of driving rollers are arranged adjacent to each other horizontally, The polyhedral parts to be quenched are placed on the drive rollers, and a plurality of vector sprayers for spraying water on the polyhedron parts are arranged above and below the drive rollers; it is characterized in that: the vector sprayers are composed of a base, a rotating stepper The motor, the feeding stepper motor, the swing stepper motor, the water delivery pipe, the top seat and the swing plate are composed. On the output shaft, the water inlet of the nozzle is communicated with the water outlet of the output pipe; a vertical vertical shaft is fixed on the top seat;

The feeding stepping motor is fixed on the base, and the feeding stepping motor drives the vertical shaft to move up or down in the vertical direction through the lifting transmission mechanism, so as to drive the nozzle to go up and down; the rotating stepping motor is arranged on the base, The rotary stepping motor drives the vertical shaft to rotate around the vertical direction through the rotary transmission mechanism to drive the nozzle to rotate; the swing stepping motor is used to drive the nozzle to swing.

The vector spray quenching device of the present invention is suitable for complex-shaped parts. The lifting transmission mechanism is composed of a lead screw, a nut, a second bearing, a horizontal shaft and a rolling bearing. The lead screw is arranged in the vertical direction, and the center of the vertical shaft is opened. There is a cylindrical cavity for accommodating the lead screw, one end of the lead screw is fixed on the output shaft of the feeding stepper motor, and the other end is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the vertical shaft; the vertical shaft is fixedly connected with the nut; The form is set on the lead screw, the horizontal shaft is fixed on the nut, and the rolling bearing is set on the horizontal shaft; an outer sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the lead screw, the outer sleeve is arranged coaxially with the lead screw, and the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with a vertical The end of the lead screw close to the feeding stepping motor is fixed on the base through the second bearing, and the outer sleeve is fixed on the base through the third bearing.

The vector spray quenching device of the present invention is suitable for complex-shaped parts. The rotating transmission mechanism is composed of gears, ring gears, rotating sleeves and connecting plates. The rotating sleeve is located at the periphery of the feeding stepping motor, and the rotating sleeve and the lead screw The gear ring is fixed on the outer surface of the rotating sleeve, the gear is fixed on the output shaft of the rotating stepping motor, the gear is meshed with the ring gear, and the rotating sleeve is fixedly connected with the outer sleeve through the connecting plate.

In the vector spray quenching device suitable for complex shape parts of the present invention, the outer sleeve, the second bearing and the third bearing are provided with a waterproof cover for waterproofing and sealing.

In the vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts of the present invention, the outer periphery of the waterproof cover is fixed with a buckle for fixing the water delivery pipe.

In the vector spray quenching device suitable for complex shape parts of the present invention, the output shafts of the rotary stepper motor, the feed stepper motor and the swing stepper motor are provided with rubber rings and/or end caps for sealing and waterproofing .

In the vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts of the present invention, the swing plate is L-shaped.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: in the vector spray quenching device of the present invention, the polyhedral parts to be quenched are placed on the drive rollers in the quenching furnace box, and a plurality of vector sprayers are arranged above and below the drive rollers. The swing stepper motor on the sprinkler is used to drive the nozzle to swing, the feed stepper motor is used to drive the nozzle to move up and down, and the rotary stepper motor is used to drive the nozzle to rotate. The motor drives the nozzle to swing, lift and rotate, so that the nozzles of the multiple vector sprayers face different surfaces of the polyhedral parts respectively, which can realize the uniform spraying of the polyhedral parts, and realize the uniform and rapid cooling during the spray quenching process of the polyhedral parts. It can avoid excessive deformation and residual stress during the spray quenching process of the parts, and ensure the mechanical properties of the parts after quenching.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the vector spray quenching device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of vector sprinkler in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the right side view of vector sprinkler in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the sectional view of A-A section in Fig. 2;

5 is a perspective view of a vector sprinkler in the present invention;

6 is a perspective view of a vector sprinkler in the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the rotary transmission mechanism in the present invention;

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the lead screw and the vertical shaft part in the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the swing stepping motor and the swing plate in the present invention.

In the picture: 1 quenching furnace box, 2 drive rollers, 3 vector sprinklers, 4 polyhedral parts, 5 bases, 6 rotary stepping motors, 7 feeding stepping motors, 8 swing stepping motors, 9 water pipes, 10 Gear, 11 ring gear, 12 rotating sleeve, 13 outer sleeve, 14 lead screw, 15 bearing seat, 16 connecting plate, 17 nut, 18 vertical shaft, 19 horizontal shaft, 20 rolling bearing, 21 top seat, 22 swing plate, 23 nozzle, 24 second bearing, 25 waterproof cover, 26 snap, 27 rubber ring, 28 end cap, 29 first bearing, 30 cylindrical cavity, 31 third bearing.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1, a schematic structural diagram of the vector spray quenching device of the present invention is given, which is composed of a quenching furnace box 1, a transmission roller 2 and a vector sprayer 3, and the interior of the quenching furnace box 1 is a cavity , the number of the drive rollers 2 is multiple, and the multiple drive rollers 2 are arranged in the inner cavity of the quenching furnace box 1 in parallel at intervals, and the polyhedral part 4 to be quenched is placed on the drive roller 2, and the drive roller 2 rotates The polyhedral part 4 is transferred to a central position for spray quenching. The number of the vector showers 3 shown is multiple, which are respectively arranged above and below the driving roller 2. The nozzle 23 of the vector shower 3 above the driving roller 2 is located at the lower end, and the vector shower 3 below the driving roller 2 is located at the lower end. The nozzle 23 of 3 is located at the upper end. When spraying and quenching the polyhedral part 4, the nozzles 23 on the plurality of vector sprayers 3 face different surfaces of the polyhedral part 4, so as to uniformly spray the different surfaces of the polyhedral part 4 to ensure the uniformity of the parts. Uniform and rapid cooling to avoid part deformation and excessive residual stress, so that the mechanical properties of the polyhedral part 4 after spray quenching can meet the requirements.

As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the front view and the right side view of the vector sprayer in the present invention are respectively given, Fig. 4 shows the sectional view of the A-A section in Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show the vector sprayer The three-dimensional view of the sprinkler, the vector sprinkler shown is composed of a base 5, a rotary stepper motor 6, a feed stepper motor 7, a swing stepper motor 8, a water delivery pipe 9, a top seat 21 and a swing plate 22. The swing step The inlet motor 8 is fixed on the top seat 21, one end of the swing plate 22 is fixed with a nozzle 23, the other end is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the stepping motor 8, and the water inlet of the nozzle 23 is connected with the water outlet of the water delivery pipe 9, so that, Under the driving action of the swing stepping motor 8 , the nozzle 23 can be driven to swing to adjust the spraying direction of the nozzle 23 . The swing plate 22 may take an L shape.

A vertical shaft 18 is fixed on the top seat 21, and the vertical shaft 18 is arranged along the vertical direction. The feeding stepping motor 7 is fixed on the base 5, and the feeding stepping motor 7 drives the vertical shaft 18 to move up or down through the lift transmission mechanism, thereby driving the nozzle 23 to move up and down. The rotary stepping motor 6 is disposed on the base 5 , and the rotary stepping motor 6 drives the vertical shaft 18 to rotate around the vertical shaft through the rotary transmission mechanism, thereby driving the nozzle 23 to rotate.

The shown lifting transmission mechanism is composed of a screw 14, a nut 17, a second bearing 24, a horizontal shaft 19, and a rolling bearing 20. The screw 14 is arranged in the vertical direction and coaxial with the vertical shaft 18, and the center of the vertical shaft 18 is arranged. A cylindrical cavity 30 is opened along its axial direction, one end of the lead screw 14 is inserted into the cylindrical cavity 30, and the other end is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the feeding stepper motor 7. The inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity 30 is larger than the outer diameter of the lead screw 14. The diameter is slightly larger to achieve the guiding effect on the lead screw 14 . In order to ensure the stable rotation of the lead screw 14 , the connection between the lead screw 14 and the output shaft of the feeding stepper motor 7 is fixed on the base 5 through the second bearing 24 . The upper end of the vertical shaft 18 is fixed on the top seat 21 , and the lower end is fixed with the nut 17 . The nut 17 is provided on the lead screw 14 in the form of screw fit.

The horizontal shaft 19 is fixed on the nut 17 , the rolling bearing 20 is fixed on the horizontal shaft 19 , and the outer ring of the rolling bearing 20 can freely rotate around the horizontal shaft 19 . An outer sleeve 13 is arranged on the periphery of the screw 14 as shown, the outer sleeve 13 is coaxially arranged with the screw 14, the lower end of the outer sleeve 13 is fixed on the base 5 through the third bearing 31, and the upper end of the outer sleeve 13 is The retaining ring and the sealing ring seal to achieve waterproof effect. The inner wall of the outer sleeve 13 is provided with a guide groove matched with the rolling bearing 20 , the guide groove is arranged along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 13 , and the rolling bearing 20 is placed in the guide groove.

In this way, when the feeding stepper motor 7 drives the lead screw 14 to rotate, the outer sleeve 13 cannot be rotated at this time, and the rotation of the lead screw 14 will cause the nut 17 to have a tendency to rotate. Since the rolling bearing 20 on the nut 17 is placed outside In the guide groove on the inner wall of the sleeve 13, the nut 17 rises or falls along the guide groove, and the nut 17 is fixed with the vertical shaft 18, finally realizing the lifting movement of the vertical shaft 18, the top seat 21 and the nozzle 23. .

The rotation transmission mechanism is composed of a gear 10, a ring gear 11, a rotating sleeve 12 and a connecting plate 16. As shown in FIG. 7, a schematic structural diagram of the rotation transmission mechanism in the present invention is given, and the gear 10 is fixed to the output of the rotating stepping motor 6. On the shaft, the rotating sleeve 12 is arranged on the base 5 and can be rotated on the base 5 . The rotating sleeve 12 is located on the periphery of the feeding stepping motor 7 , and the rotating sleeve 12 is coaxially arranged with the lead screw 14 . The upper end of the rotating sleeve 12 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer sleeve 13 via two connecting plates 16 .

In this way, during the active process of the rotating stepper motor 6, through the meshing transmission between the gear 10 and the ring gear 11, the rotating sleeve 12 can be driven to take the initiative, and then the outer sleeve 13 can be driven to rotate. During the transmission process of the outer sleeve 13, the nut 17 fixedly connected to the rolling bearing 20 is driven to rotate through the action of the guide groove on its inner wall on the rolling bearing 20. Since the feeding stepper motor 7 does not start at this time, it is different from the feeding. The lead screw 14 fixed to the output shaft of the stepping motor 7 cannot be rotated, so the nut 17 rotates around the lead screw 14, and the rotation of the nut 17 will drive the vertical shaft 18 connected to it to rotate, and finally realize the rotation of the nozzle 23.

In order to avoid the influence of the spray water on the operation of the motor, the outer sleeve 13 , the third bearing 31 and the second bearing 24 are all provided with a waterproof cover 25 on the periphery to prevent water from entering. As shown in FIG. 9 , a schematic diagram of the connection between the swing stepper motor and the swing plate in the present invention is given. The output shaft of the swing stepper motor 8 is provided with a rubber ring 27 and an end cover 28 to prevent the spray water from entering . The output shafts and outer ends of the rotary stepping motor 6 and the feeding stepping motor 7 can also be provided with rubber rings and end caps 28 to avoid the entry of spray water and ensure long-term and normal operation of the motors. As shown in FIG. 8 , a schematic diagram of the structure of the lead screw and the vertical shaft in the present invention is given. Under the condition that the water supply pressure of the water delivery pipe 9 changes, in order to prevent the water delivery pipe 9 from moving, the waterproof cover 25 shown is provided with There are 2 buckles 26, the buckle 26 is composed of 2 rings, one ring of the buckle is fixed on the waterproof 25, and the other ring is an open ring, which is used to fix the water pipe 9. The open ring Suitable for fixing water pipes 9 of different diameters.

The working principle of the vector spray quenching device of the present invention is:

The polyhedral part 4 is transferred to the center of the quenching furnace box 1 through the transmission roller 2; then the orientation of the nozzle 23 on the corresponding vector shower 3 is controlled according to the orientation of each face of the polyhedral part 4, so that the spray quenching process is Each face of the mid-polyhedron part 4 can receive uniform spray water.

The process of adjusting the spraying direction of each vector sprayer 3 is as follows: by only controlling the rotation of the rotary stepping motor 6, the rotating sleeve 12 and the outer sleeve 13 are driven to rotate, and the rotation of the outer sleeve 13 will pass through the guide groove and the rolling bearing. The function of 20 drives the nut 17 to rotate, and the rotation of the nut 17 will drive the vertical shaft 18 to rotate, and then drive the top seat 21 and the nozzle 23 to rotate, so that the nozzle 23 rotates to the set position. By only controlling the rotation of the output shaft of the feeding stepping motor 7, the nut 17 on the lead screw 14 can be driven to rise or fall along the guide groove on the outer sleeve 13, and the lifting of the nut 17 will drive the top seat 21 and the nozzle 23 to rise and fall. , and then realize the adjustment of the water spray position. By only controlling the rotation of the output shaft of the oscillating stepping motor 8, the oscillating plate 22 drives the nozzle 23 to oscillate, and finally the spraying direction of the nozzle 23 is directed to the preset position.

Claims (6)

1. A vector spraying quenching device suitable for parts with complex shapes comprises a quenching furnace box body (1), and a plurality of transmission rollers (2) and a plurality of vector sprayers (3) which are arranged in the quenching furnace box body, wherein the transmission rollers are adjacently and horizontally arranged, a polyhedral part (4) to be quenched is placed on the transmission rollers, and the vector sprayers for spraying water to the polyhedral part are arranged above and below the transmission rollers; the method is characterized in that: the vector sprayer consists of a base (5), a rotary stepping motor (6), a feeding stepping motor (7), a swinging stepping motor (8), a water delivery pipe (9), a top seat (21) and a swinging plate (22), wherein the swinging stepping motor is fixed on the top seat (21), one end of the swinging plate is fixed with a nozzle (23), the other end of the swinging plate is fixed on an output shaft of the swinging stepping motor, and a water inlet of the nozzle is communicated with a water outlet of an output pipe; a vertical shaft (18) is fixed on the top seat (21);

the feeding stepping motor (7) is fixed on the base and drives the vertical shaft (18) to move up or down along the vertical direction through the lifting transmission mechanism so as to drive the nozzle to lift; the rotary stepping motor (6) is arranged on the base and drives the vertical shaft (18) to rotate around the vertical direction through the rotary transmission mechanism so as to drive the nozzle to rotate; the swinging stepping motor (8) is used for driving the nozzle to swing;

the lifting transmission mechanism consists of a lead screw (14), a nut (17), a second bearing (24), a horizontal shaft (19) and a rolling bearing (20), the lead screw is arranged along the vertical direction, the center of the vertical shaft (18) is provided with a cylindrical cavity (30) for accommodating the lead screw (14), one end of the lead screw is fixed on an output shaft of the feeding stepping motor (7), and the other end of the lead screw is inserted into the cylindrical cavity of the vertical shaft; the vertical shaft (18) is fixedly connected with the nut (17); the nut is arranged on the screw rod in a thread fit mode, the horizontal shaft (19) is fixed on the nut (17), and the rolling bearing (20) is arranged on the horizontal shaft; an outer sleeve (13) is arranged on the periphery of the screw (14), the outer sleeve and the screw are coaxially arranged, a vertical guide groove used for accommodating the rolling bearing (20) is formed in the inner wall of the outer sleeve, one end, close to the feeding stepping motor, of the screw is fixed on the base (5) through a second bearing, and the outer sleeve (13) is fixed on the base (5) through a third bearing (31).

2. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 1, wherein: the rotary transmission mechanism is composed of a gear (10), a gear ring (11), a rotary sleeve (12) and a connecting plate (16), the rotary sleeve is located on the periphery of the feeding stepping motor (7), the rotary sleeve and a lead screw (14) are coaxially arranged, the gear ring is fixed on the outer surface of the rotary sleeve, the gear is fixed on an output shaft of the rotary stepping motor (6), the gear is meshed with the gear ring, and the rotary sleeve (12) is fixedly connected with an outer sleeve (13) through the connecting plate (16).

3. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: and waterproof covers (25) with waterproof and sealing functions are arranged on the peripheries of the outer sleeve (13), the second bearing (24) and the third bearing (31).

4. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 3, wherein: and a buckle (26) for fixing the water delivery pipe (9) is fixed on the periphery of the waterproof cover (25).

5. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: and rubber rings (27) and/or end covers (28) which play a role in sealing and waterproofing are arranged on output shafts of the rotating stepping motor (6), the feeding stepping motor (7) and the swinging stepping motor (8).

6. The vector spray quenching device suitable for complex-shaped parts according to claim 2, wherein: the swing plate (22) is L-shaped.

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