CN110308708A - Controlled Environment Agricultural Evaluation and Optimization Device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device, which relates to the technical field of Internet of Things; the invention realizes the collection and estimation of a series of parameters such as air, soil and water quality in a designated greenhouse environment by designing a controllable environment collection device. The WEB cloud service platform and PC host computer software can realize various alarms such as abnormal parameters, such as sound and color, and curve evaluation and analysis. Through the mobile phone APP, the remote control of the designated greenhouse environment, manual automatic control, and various control methods and optimization processing can be realized. Complete the backup storage of historical data through SQL technology. The invention uses STM32L431 as the hardware platform of the controllable environment agricultural acquisition control device, expands the sensor module, the liquid crystal display module, the data communication module and other functional modules, and is used in conjunction with the PC upper computer software optimization device, the WEB cloud service platform, and the mobile APP. Good real-time performance, the average bit error rate of environmental parameter collection, transmission, and control communication does not exceed 0.1%, and the average data update delay does not exceed 200ms; the synchronization is high, and the average data upload delay does not exceed 100ms.

Description

Controlled Environment Agricultural Evaluation and Optimization Device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things, in particular to a controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device.

Background technique

Facility agriculture is a modern agricultural method that uses engineering technology to efficiently produce animals and plants under relatively controllable conditions. Facility agriculture covers facility planting, facility farming and facility edible fungi.

In terms of international appellation, the concept of "Protected Agriculture" is usually used in Europe and Japan, and the term "Controlled Environmental Agriculture" is usually used in the United States.

At present, our country has basically realized that the automation control of various industries has replaced a large number of manpower and liberated people very well, but the automation of agriculture is still not well realized. my country is a big agricultural country, but the farm economy is very small, and most of them are small Farmers, this makes agricultural automation more difficult to achieve. At present, the monitoring systems of agricultural environment on the market are relatively simple, and most of them are monitoring of a single environmental parameter. Agro-environmental parameters cannot be collected comprehensively. The control of the environment is limited to common parameters such as temperature and humidity. Lack of control over soil temperature, humidity and pH. Soil temperature, humidity and pH play a crucial role in the growth of crops. The prior art only collects some parameters of the environment, and only judges the upper and lower thresholds in the traditional sense for the collected data. The optimal growing environment of crops changes gradually over time, but the existing technologies for dynamic control of the growing environment of crops fail to achieve the best results.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device, which realizes the dynamic control of the agricultural growth environment, and dynamically collects and adjusts the designated crops to the optimal growth environment in units of time intervals. The environmental parameters are divided for different crops, and the multi-directional parameter collection and evaluation are carried out on the basis of the four premise of air, soil, water quality and light. Different resource regulation according to the current environment can effectively ensure the reasonable allocation of resources and the collection, prediction and analysis of the agricultural environment. By building an expert knowledge base, making rational assessments and giving suggestions on resource allocation, the optimization of the economy and the ecological environment can be achieved, the maximum utilization of energy can be achieved, and the work efficiency and real-time control of environmental data can be greatly improved. Reasonable allocation and utilization.

To achieve the above object, the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device, comprising an environment controllable device and an evaluation and optimization device, the environment controllable device includes a CPU module, a data acquisition module, a wireless communication module, a control module, a system clock module, a liquid crystal display module and a power supply module, each of the modules is connected with the CPU module; the evaluation and optimization device includes a PC host computer, and the environment controllable device transmits the detected environmental data to the PC host computer through RS485 serial communication, and conducts environmental indicators. Evaluate and optimize the processing; the PC host computer synchronizes the environmental parameters to the WEB cloud service platform in real time through remote synchronization and feeds back to the mobile terminal; the CPU module selects STM32L431.

Further, the wireless communication module adopts SI4432, VDD of SI4432 is connected to 3.3V power supply, SD0 pin is connected to MOSI of SPI1, SDI pin is connected to MISO of SPI1, and SCLK pin is connected to SCLK of SPI1.

Further, the data serial communication module adopts the MAX485 chip, the pin VCC of the MAX485 chip is connected to the 5V power supply, the pin GND is grounded, the TI pin is connected to the TXD1 pin of the CPU, SE and RE are cascaded to connect the 485DIR control pin, RO Connect to the RXD1 pin of the CPU, and the A and B pins are connected to a resistor with a resistance value of 25 ohms to form a standard 485 communication interface with the subsequent circuit.

Further, the LCD display module selects LCD12864, its VCC and GND are respectively connected to 5V and GND of the circuit, a sliding rheostat is connected to the VO pin to adjust the brightness of the LCD screen, and a 104 capacitor is connected between VCC and GND. Realize balanced filtering; RS and RE are respectively connected to the ordinary IO pins of the CPU to realize the control and display of the liquid crystal; its RW is grounded, which is to write data for the LCD, and DB0-DB7 are connected to the I/O of PB0-PB7 of the CPU in sequence; BL+ and BL- indicate that the positive power and negative power of the backlight are connected to 5V and GND in turn.

Further, the SCL pin of the data storage module 24CL64 is connected to the PB10 of the CPU, the SDA pin is connected to the PB11 of the CPU, and the data is read and written through the IIC protocol; VDD is connected to 3.3V, and GND is connected to the ground of the circuit. Each pin is connected to a pull-up resistor.

Further, the sound and light alarm module BUZZ is connected to the PB12 of the CPU, and the LED is connected to the PB13 of the CPU, and the buzzer and the LED are controlled by the on-off control of the diode.

Further, the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device is set in the greenhouse ecosystem, and soil culture plants, hydroponic plants and fish are introduced into the greenhouse ecosystem, and the three and the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device form one. A mutually beneficial ecological cycle.

Further, the data acquisition module includes an air parameter monitoring system, including MQ-135, MQ-2, MQ-5, MQ-7, DHT11, GP2Y1014AU0F sensors.

Further, the data acquisition module includes a water quality parameter monitoring system, including E-201-C, XKC-Y25-MC, conductivity sensor, water temperature sensor, turbidity sensor, and dissolved oxygen sensor.

Further, the data acquisition module includes a soil parameter monitoring system, including a pH sensor and a soil temperature and humidity sensor.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

1. This device includes four monitoring functions, which can monitor the entire "ecosystem" through the collection, analysis and estimation of parameters of air, water, soil, and light; the data collected by the environmental controllable device is automatically summarized and transmitted. Go to the host computer, compare and analyze with the optimal data, and then obtain the growth state curve of animals and plants in the system. Through the construction of the expert knowledge base, the composition of the artificial ecological environment can be changed more reasonably, and the environment can be optimized to maximize system benefits and reduce All kinds of pollution (pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) produced in agriculture.

2. The device can realize classified collection: the present invention can simultaneously monitor various environmental parameters through equipment devices, and realize the simultaneous control of multiple nodes by means of a wireless ad hoc network; it can effectively control the current greenhouse environmental parameters in real time, which is convenient for estimation deal with.

3. The device can realize estimation processing: the present invention can analyze the data collected by the front end through the developed PC host computer, and transmit the control command to the automatic control device of the lower computer for automatic control; The data of each sensor; therefore, the user can send control commands through the mobile phone APP for semi-automatic control according to the current data.

4. The device can realize optimal decision-making: the present invention can realize data analysis through the developed PC host computer, and then send the results to the user's mobile phone or upload it to the WEB cloud service platform in the form of a short message to realize the evaluation function; Real-time growth status, compare and analyze each group of data after analysis, and compare with the theoretical actual value to obtain more optimized parameters. The user can adjust the internal structure of the ecosystem in the next planting process to obtain the greatest economic benefits. Implement optimization functions.

Compared with the prior art, the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device of the present invention combines the Internet of Things and intelligent control technology to realize multi-classification collection and evaluation and optimization of expert knowledge, so as to maximize the utilization of resources, Maximize economic benefits. Provide a powerful space for controlled environment agriculture.

Description of drawings

1 is a block diagram of an overall implementation of a controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device and method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the circuit connection diagram of the wireless module in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the circuit connection diagram of the RS485 serial port communication module in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the circuit connection diagram of the liquid crystal display module in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the circuit connection diagram of the memory module in Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is the circuit connection diagram of the sound and light alarm module in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is the software design block diagram of the evaluation and optimization system in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is the air parameter monitoring design structure diagram of the evaluation and optimization system in Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is the design structure diagram of the water quality parameter monitoring of the evaluation and optimization system in Fig. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the soil parameter monitoring design architecture of the evaluation and optimization system in FIG. 1 .

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device, which aims to improve the maximum utilization of resources and greatly improve work efficiency. The device consists of a complete set of service devices such as a controllable environment agricultural collection device, a PC upper computer software optimization device, a WEB cloud service platform, and a mobile APP.

The "ecosystem" mentioned in this example refers to a small growing environment in a greenhouse.

A controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device designed by the present invention mainly realizes monitoring, estimation and optimization of the "ecological system". Agricultural management that integrates security control and forecast optimization. It mainly includes a controllable environment agricultural classification collection device, an estimation processing device, and an optimization decision-making device.

The controllable environment agricultural collection device mainly uses the CPU module in Figure 1 as the environmental parameter monitoring and collection master controller of the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device, and selects STM32L431 as the core of the CPU module. STM32L431 has low power consumption and running speed. The outstanding advantages also improve the data processing speed and improve the transmission rate of the whole system. At the same time, a small and lightweight RT-Thread IoT operating system that can be embedded with a multi-task management mechanism undertakes several major tasks such as "collection" + "communication" + "display" + "low power consumption" to realize the safe and stable operation of the entire system . The DIP switches in Figure 1 are used to set IDs for each node to realize the encoding function of each node. The monitoring nodes mainly have different sensors and connection methods for different application fields.

2, the wireless communication module adopts SI4432, VDD of SI4432 is connected to 3.3V power supply, SD0 pin is connected to MOSI of SPI1, SDI pin is connected to MISO of SPI1, and SCLK pin is connected to SCLK of SPI1. Configure the SI4432 module through SPI1 to achieve normal communication between each node and the coordinator;

Referring to Figure 3, the data serial communication module adopts the MAX485 chip, the pin VCC of the MAX485 chip is connected to the 5V power supply, the pin GND is grounded, the TI pin is connected to the TXD1 pin of the CPU, and the SE and RE are cascaded to connect the 485DIR control pin. RO is connected to the RXD1 pin of the CPU, and the A and B pins are connected to a resistor with a resistance value of 25 ohms, forming a standard 485 communication interface with the subsequent circuit. Realize the data interaction between monitoring data and PC software;

Referring to Figure 4, the LCD display module realizes that LCD12864 can occupy fewer I/O ports, wherein VCC and GND are respectively connected to 5V and GND of the circuit, and a sliding rheostat is connected to the VO pin to adjust the brightness of the LCD screen. Connect a 104 capacitor between VCC and GND to achieve balanced filtering. RS and RE are respectively connected to the common IO pins of the CPU to realize the control and display of the liquid crystal. Among them, RW is grounded, which is write data for LCD, and DB0-DB7 are connected to the I/O of PB0-PB7 of CPU in sequence. BL+ and BL- indicate that the positive power and negative power of the backlight are connected to 5V and GND in turn;

5, the SCL pin of the data storage module 24CL64 is connected to the PB10 of the CPU, the SDA pin is connected to the PB11 of the CPU, and the data is read and written through the IIC protocol. VDD is connected to 3.3V, GND is connected to the ground of the circuit, and a pull-up resistor is connected to the SCL and SDA pins respectively, which is convenient to pull the level up; it is mainly used for related parameters such as alarm threshold;

6, the sound and light alarm module BUZZ is connected to the PB12 of the CPU, and the LED is connected to the PB13 of the CPU, and the buzzer and the LED are controlled by the on-off control of the diode;

Referring to Figure 7, the software design of the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device and method: firstly, data is collected through various sensors, and the collected data is transmitted to the host computer through the wireless transceiver module, and at the same time through the LCD display screen. Display, the upper computer analyzes the data, and transmits the control command to the lower computer automatic control system for automatic control, and the user's mobile phone can also receive data from each sensor. Therefore, the user can send the control through the mobile APP according to the data situation. command for semi-automatic control. After the data analysis, it will be sent to the user's mobile phone in the form of SMS to realize the evaluation function and remind the user of the growth status of the crops. parameters, the user adjusts the internal structure of the ecological environment in the next planting process to obtain the greatest economic benefits;

Referring to FIG. 8 , the air parameter monitoring design structure of the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device: all data of the air environment inside the greenhouse is determined by sensors such as MQ-135, MQ-2, MQ-5, MQ-7, DHT11, GP2Y1014AU0F, etc. Collect the data of the internal environment of the greenhouse and transmit it to the system host. After analysis and processing, the system transmits the signal to the upper computer, then controls the relevant equipment to take corresponding measures, and saves the data for evaluation and optimization functions. Through this system, the parameters of the internal environment of the greenhouse can reach the data that the growers want;

Referring to Figure 9, the water quality parameter monitoring design framework of the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device: the water is required to be recycled, fish are cultured in the system, and the pond water with fish manure is then used to irrigate vegetables, and then the wastewater is purified and then reused. used to raise fish. Then E-201-C, XKC-Y25-MC, conductivity sensor, water temperature sensor, turbidity sensor, dissolved oxygen sensor, etc. are needed to measure the data of various parameters in the water in the process of wastewater purification and the beginning of aquaculture. Then it is sent to the device CPU, and the CPU analyzes and processes the signal and transmits the signal to the upper computer, then controls the relevant equipment to take corresponding measures, and saves the data for evaluation and optimization functions;

Referring to Figure 10, the soil parameter monitoring design architecture of the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device: in the soil detection module, a pH sensor, a soil temperature and humidity sensor, etc. are used to collect data on various soil parameters, and then the transmission device CPU, CPU After analysis and processing, the signal is transmitted to the upper computer, and then the related equipment is controlled to take corresponding measures, and the data is saved for evaluation and optimization functions.

Through the experimental test, the work efficiency of agricultural staff and the real-time control of environmental data have been greatly improved. In order to realize the automatic control of equipment, it is guaranteed to provide convenient and user-friendly data services for agricultural staff, and to ensure a good and suitable growth environment for crops. Increasing production, increasing income, and improving quality provide a basic example of feasibility.

Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, various changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventions. Thus, provided that these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. a controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device, is characterized in that, comprises environment controllable device and evaluation optimization device, described environment controllable device comprises CPU module, data acquisition module, wireless communication module, control module, system clock module , a liquid crystal display module and a power supply module, each of which is connected to the CPU module; the evaluation and optimization device includes a PC host computer, and the environment controllable device transmits the detected environmental data to the PC host computer through RS485 serial communication The computer is used to evaluate and optimize the environmental indicators; the PC host computer synchronizes the environmental parameters to the WEB cloud service platform in real time through remote synchronization and feeds them back to the mobile terminal; the CPU module selects STM32L431. 2. The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the wireless communication module adopts SI4432, the VDD of SI4432 is connected to 3.3V power supply, the SDO pin is connected to the MOSI of SPI1, and the SDI pin is connected to the SPI1. MISO, the SCLK pin is connected to the SCLK of SPI1. 3. The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the data serial communication module adopts a MAX485 chip, the pin VCC of the MAX485 chip is connected to a 5V power supply, the pin GND is grounded, and the TI pin is connected to the ground. Connect the TXD1 pin of the CPU, SE and RE are cascaded to connect the 485DIR control pin, RO is connected to the RXD1 pin of the CPU, and the A and B pins are connected to a resistor with a resistance value of 25 ohms, forming a standard 485 ohm with the subsequent circuit. Communication Interface. 4. according to the described controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device of claim 3, it is characterized in that, described LCD display module selects LCD12864, and its VCC and GND are respectively connected with 5V and GND of the circuit, and a sliding rheostat is connected at the VO pin to adjust For the brightness of the LCD screen, connect a 104 capacitor between VCC and GND to achieve balanced filtering; RS and RE are respectively connected to the ordinary IO pins of the CPU to control and display the LCD; its RW is grounded, which is for writing data to the LCD. , DB0-DB7 are connected to the I/O of PB0-PB7 of the CPU in sequence; BL+ and BL- indicate that the positive and negative power supplies of the backlight are connected to 5V and GND in turn. 5. according to the described controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device of claim 4, it is characterized in that, the SCL pin of data storage module 24CL64 connects the PB10 of CPU, the SDA pin connects the PB11 of CPU, carries out read-write control to data by IIC protocol ; VDD is connected to 3.3V, GND is connected to the ground of the circuit, and a pull-up resistor is connected to the SCL and SDA pins respectively. 6. The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 5, wherein the sound and light alarm module BUZZ is connected to the PB12 of the CPU, and the LED is connected to the PB13 of the CPU, and the buzzer is realized by the on-off control of the diode. Control with LED. 7. The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 1-6, wherein the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device is arranged in a greenhouse ecosystem, and soil cultured plants are introduced into the greenhouse ecosystem , hydroponic plants and fish, the three and the controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device form a mutually beneficial ecological cycle. 8. The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 7, wherein the data acquisition module comprises an air parameter monitoring system, including MQ-135, MQ-2, MQ-5, MQ-7, DHT11 , GP2Y1014AU0F sensor. 9. The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 8, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a water quality parameter monitoring system, including E-201-C, XKC-Y25-MC, conductivity sensor, water temperature Sensors, Turbidity Sensors, Dissolved Oxygen Sensors. 10 . The controllable environment agricultural evaluation and optimization device according to claim 9 , wherein the data acquisition module includes a soil parameter monitoring system, including a pH sensor and a soil temperature and humidity sensor. 11 .