CN110338784B - Method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for testing sleep deprivation effect - Google Patents
Method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for testing sleep deprivation effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了一种测试睡眠剥夺效果的方法、装置、计算机设备及存储介质。所述方法包括：对测试动物进行睡眠剥夺，并采集所述测试动物的生理信号，作为第一生理信号；根据所述第一生理信号，向所述测试动物发出设定调控信号，并采集所述测试动物受到调控后的生理信号，作为第二生理信号；根据所述第一生理信号以及所述第二生理信号，确定睡眠剥夺的效果。本发明实施例实现评价睡眠剥夺方法的效果，为选择睡眠剥夺方法提供数据支撑，从而提高睡眠剥夺试验的可靠性，提高试验数据的精度。
The embodiments of the present invention disclose a method, a device, a computer device and a storage medium for testing the effect of sleep deprivation. The method includes: performing sleep deprivation on a test animal, and collecting the physiological signal of the test animal as a first physiological signal; sending a set regulation signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and collecting all the physiological signals. The regulated physiological signal of the test animal is used as the second physiological signal; the effect of sleep deprivation is determined according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal. The embodiment of the present invention realizes the effect of evaluating the sleep deprivation method and provides data support for selecting the sleep deprivation method, thereby improving the reliability of the sleep deprivation test and the accuracy of the test data.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of sleep deprivation, in particular to a method and a device for testing sleep deprivation effect, computer equipment and a storage medium.
Background
Sleep is a spontaneous, reversible resting state of the brain that occurs in the higher vertebrate cycle, a decrease in the body's responsiveness to external sensory stimuli and a brief interruption in consciousness. It has been shown that sleep is closely related to learning and memory, regulation of biological clock, metabolism of organism, immunity, secretion of hormone, etc. Sleep disorder can affect abnormal changes of thinking, memory, emotion, immunity and the like of the brain, and can also cause diseases related to neurometabolism, neuroimmunity and neuroendocrine due to close correlation with occurrence of mental diseases.
Currently, in order to study the effect of sleep on a living being, researchers typically perform sleep deprivation on the test living being and collect status data of the test living being to analyze the effect of sleep on the test living being. Conventional sleep deprivation devices include forced exercise methods, physical stimulation methods (beating cage, stick poking, or electric shock stimulation), water plateau methods, or drug stimulation methods.
Researchers often select the appropriate method of sleep deprivation for the limitations of each approach and for experimental goals. There is currently no clear standard how to assess the effects of sleep deprivation. Meanwhile, when researchers use sleep deprivation devices to sleep deprive test animals, it is difficult to improve the sleep deprivation devices (for example, how to improve the size of a platform on which only the test animals stand in a horizontal table) because it is difficult to accurately grasp the effect of sleep deprivation.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus, a computer device, and a storage medium for testing sleep deprivation effects, which implement the effect of evaluating a sleep deprivation method and provide data support for selecting a sleep deprivation method, thereby improving reliability of a sleep deprivation test and improving accuracy of test data.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for testing sleep deprivation effect, including:
sleep deprivation is carried out on a test animal, and physiological signals of the test animal are collected and used as first physiological signals;
sending a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and collecting the physiological signal of the test animal after regulation and control as a second physiological signal;
determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for testing sleep deprivation effect, including:
the first physiological signal acquisition module is used for carrying out sleep deprivation on a test animal and acquiring a physiological signal of the test animal as a first physiological signal;
the second physiological signal acquisition module is used for sending a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal and acquiring a physiological signal of the test animal after regulation and control as a second physiological signal;
a sleep deprivation effect determination module for determining a sleep deprivation effect based on the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the program to implement any one of the methods for testing sleep deprivation effect in the embodiments of the present invention.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements any of the methods for testing sleep deprivation effectiveness described in the embodiments of the present invention.
According to the technical scheme, the sleep deprivation effect is determined according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal after regulation and control are carried out on the test animal after sleep deprivation by collecting the first physiological signal after sleep deprivation, the problem that the sleep deprivation effect cannot be evaluated in the prior art is solved, the effect of evaluating the sleep deprivation method is achieved, data support is provided for selecting the sleep deprivation method, the reliability of a sleep deprivation test is improved, and the precision of test data is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing sleep deprivation effectiveness according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for testing sleep deprivation effectiveness according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for testing sleep deprivation effects according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing sleep deprivation effect according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to sleep deprivation of animals, and is performed by a device for testing sleep deprivation effect, which can be implemented by software and/or hardware, and can be generally integrated into a computer device, and specifically includes the following steps:
s110, sleep deprivation is carried out on the test animal, and physiological signals of the test animal are collected and used as first physiological signals.
In this embodiment, the physiological signal may include an electroencephalogram signal, such as a cortical electroencephalogram signal, a hippocampal electrical signal, and the like, and may further include an electrocardiogram, an electromyogram, or may further include a blood oxygen saturation. The test animal is deprived of sleep by a forced exercise method, a physical stimulation method, an above-water platform method, a drug stimulation method or the like. The first physiological signal may be a physiological signal of a test animal collected after the test animal is placed in a separate box for sleep deprivation. The frequency of collection may be once an hour, or collection may be continued until sleep deprivation is completed.
Optionally, the physiological signal may be represented by an electroencephalogram signal, because the brain cells are performing spontaneous, rhythmic, and comprehensive electrophysiological activities all the time, the electrophysiological activities of the brain cells reflect the state of the test animal. The spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the brain cell population is recorded by the electrodes and displayed in a curve form by taking the potential as a vertical axis and the time as a horizontal axis, namely an electroencephalogram signal. Specifically, the cortical electroencephalogram may be a cortical electroencephalogram (ECoG), which is mainly formed by summing up postsynaptic potentials generated by a large number of neurons during brain activity, and the collection sites of the postsynaptic potentials mainly include prefrontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe and the like; the hippocampal field potentials may include hippocampal Electrogram (EHG) and hippocampal evoked field potentials (FEP); myoelectricity can be the electrical activity of muscle when it is static or contracting, used to examine nerve and muscle excitation and conduction functions, and the functional states of peripheral nerves, neurons, neuromuscular junctions and muscle itself can be determined by myoelectricity data.
More specifically, EEG signals can be generally divided into delta frequency band (1-4Hz), theta frequency band (4-8Hz), alpha frequency band (8-13Hz), beta frequency band (13-30Hz), and gamma frequency band (30-48Hz) according to frequency characteristics. During sleep, brain wave characteristics change with the difference in sleep state. Therefore, by extracting the relevant characteristics (such as time domain characteristics, frequency domain characteristics and the like) of the sleep electroencephalogram signals, the sleep stages can be staged, that is, the electroencephalogram signals can be used for representing the sleep state. In each sleep period, the brain waves exhibit different characteristics, specifically, the alpha wave gradually increases to become the dominant waveform of the brain waves in a state where a person is awake and eyes are closed, and the state at this time is called an awake period. When people are sleepy, alpha waves are weak, and theta waves are abundant, the period of sleep 1 is marked. The sleep 2 stage is a light sleep state, the eyeball of the human body stops moving, the frequency of brain waves is further slowed down, and the occurrence of K comprehensive waves and sleep spindle waves is accompanied. During sleep stage 2, the brain wave voltage is at a middle value, and the brain wave energy is mainly concentrated in the theta band. With the deep sleep, the human body enters the sleep 3 stage, that is, the brain enters the slow wave sleep, at this time, delta waves appear in the brain, and the voltage value of the brain waves is large. When the sleep stage 4 is reached, the delta wave energy in the brain waves is further enhanced, and the human body enters deep sleep. In sleep stages 3 and 4, the human body is difficult to wake. In summary, the Sleep 1 phase and the Sleep 2 phase are called shallow Sleep phase, while the Sleep 3 phase and the Sleep 4 phase are called deep Sleep phase, which is called Slow Wave Sleep (SWS), and different Sleep phases have different characteristic brain waves, alpha Wave is the characteristic brain Wave in the waking phase, theta Wave is the characteristic brain Wave in the shallow Sleep phase, and delta Wave is the characteristic brain Wave in the deep Sleep phase. In addition, the sleep cycle also includes a rapid eye movement sleep session with brain waves similar to those of the awake, sleep-1 phase, characterized by low pressure rapid wave activity with an increase in theta waves.
Specifically, whether the test animal enters the sleep or not and the sleep state of the test animal can be determined according to the change condition of each frequency band, so that the sleep deprivation effect of the test animal can be evaluated according to the change condition of each frequency band.
It should be noted that, since there is a compensation mechanism for sleep deprivation, that is, after sleep deprivation is performed for a long time (for example, for more than 48 hours), the condition of each frequency band of the brain wave signal (for example, the power of each frequency band) is substantially the same as that of each frequency band before sleep deprivation, and thus, the time for sleep deprivation is not preferably too long.
And S120, sending a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and collecting the regulated and controlled physiological signal of the test animal as a second physiological signal.
In this embodiment, the second physiological signal may be a physiological signal collected within a set time (e.g., 20 minutes) after the regulation signal is output. In addition, after the set time of outputting the regulation signal, the acquired physiological signal can still be used as the first physiological signal. That is, the physiological signals collected at other times are taken as the first physiological signals except that the physiological signals collected within the set time after the output of the regulation signal are the second physiological signals. The regulation signal may include an electrical signal, an optical signal, and a drug injection signal.
Specifically, when the regulation signal is an electrical signal, the regulation signal may be a current, and the set regulation signal may be at least one of preset parameters such as a period of an output current, a duration of output, or a magnitude of the current; when the regulation signal is an optical signal, the regulation signal may be a light beam, and the setting regulation signal may be at least one of preset parameters such as a waveform of the light beam, a wavelength of the light beam, an intensity of the light beam, or a frequency of an output light beam; when the regulation signal is a drug injection signal, the set regulation signal may be at least one of preset parameters such as an injection dosage or an injection period of the drug.
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the control signal is an optical control signal.
Specifically, the light regulation and control signals are adopted for regulation and control, so that specific cells can be regulated and controlled quickly in real time, and light stimulation is carried out aiming at the existing state of the test animal, so that the response capability (such as response time, response intensity and the like) of the test animal to stimulation in the current sleep deprivation state is obtained.
Optionally, before sending the set regulatory signal to the test animal, the method comprises: determining an optical parameter of the light regulation signal according to a type of gene previously introduced into a set cell in a locus coeruleus brain region of the test animal, wherein the set cell comprises neurons for synthesizing norepinephrine.
Specifically, light modulation may refer to the specific stimulation or inhibition of target cell activity using optogenetic techniques. Before the light regulation of a target animal, a light-sensitive gene needs to be introduced into a target cell in advance, and a method for introducing a gene into a cell may be a viral vector, a physical method, a chemical method, or the like. The polynucleotide sequence of the coding light-sensitive gene or the functional fragment thereof is operably connected with a cell-specific promoter, so that the coding light-sensitive gene or the functional fragment thereof is expressed in a set cell in a targeted manner, non-light-sensitive cells are converted into light-sensitive cells, and the light-sensitive cells can be excited or inhibited when being stimulated by light, thereby realizing the light regulation and control of an implanted part. Wherein the Locus Coeruleus brain region can be Locus Coeruleus (Locus Coeruleuus), which is located at the bottom of the fourth ventricle and the anterior dorsum of the pons. The locus ceruleus brain region is the main site in the brain for the synthesis of norepinephrine. Noradrenaline can be a substance formed by adrenaline after N-methyl is removed, which is a neurotransmitter and a hormone, and the locus ceruleus brain area can participate in awakening and guarding through the synthesis and secretion of noradrenaline. The locus coeruleus brain region projects widely in the central nervous system, and its main target region may include spinal cord, cerebellum, hypothalamus, intermediate nucleus of thalamus, amygdala, telencephalon base, cerebral cortex, etc. In general, individual neurons in the locus ceruleus brain region can activate almost the entire cerebral cortex through their large axonal branches, and can also enhance the cognitive function of the prefrontal lobe, increase motivational levels, and activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which in turn increases sympathetic activity and inhibits parasympathetic activity. In addition, noradrenaline neurons that can be synthesized in the locus ceruleus brain region are associated with rapid eye movement sleep.
More specifically, the optogenetic technology is to combine optics and genetics, and to transfer a virus carrying a specific photosensitive gene into a specific cell type for expression by means of genetic engineering, for example, an excitatory channel protein group is ion channel rhodopsin 2(Channelrhodopsin-2, ChR2), an inhibitory channel protein group is halophilic bacteria rhodopsin (nhpr), and the specific cell is subjected to light stimulation, so that the excitation or the inhibition of cell activity can be realized. Because the ion channels of the photosensitive genes are at different wavelengths, light with different wavelengths needs to be pertinently adopted to stimulate different photosensitive genes. Wherein, ion channels are pathways for passive transport of various ions across membranes, such as those with blue light wavelength λ 473nm can activate ChR2, thereby selecting to allow cations to specifically pass through, causing cell depolarization, and exciting cells; yellow light wavelength λ 593nm activates NpHR, so that anions are selected to pass specifically, causing hyperpolarization of the cell, thereby inhibiting cell activity. Wherein the set cells may comprise neuronal cells.
It should be noted that the excitatory channel protein gene may also include rhodopsin (channelrhodopsin-1from Volvox carteri, VChR1) extracted from Volvox algae, and the inhibitory channel protein gene may also be Archaerhodopsin 3 (Arch), bacteriorhodopsin (eBR), or rhodopsin 3(rhodopsin-3, GtR3), and the like, and the present embodiment is not particularly limited.
The regulation and control method is a method adopting optogenetics for regulation and control, and can be used for regulating and controlling specific cells, so that the regulation and control precision and reliability are improved; meanwhile, the regulated and controlled area is the neuron which is provided with the locus coeruleus and used for synthesizing norepinephrine, so that the activity of other parts can be excited or inhibited, and even the sleep state can be directly influenced, therefore, the sleep deprivation effect can be determined according to the stimulated reaction capability of the test animal during sleep deprivation, and the reliability of evaluating the sleep deprivation effect is improved.
S130, determining the sleep deprivation effect according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal.
In this embodiment, the effect of sleep deprivation may be represented by the variation of the characteristic parameter of the physiological signal, or may be represented by a preset level of sleep deprivation. For example, the variation may be a variation of power of a delta wave in the electroencephalogram signals of the test animal before and after the regulation, wherein the first physiological signal is the electroencephalogram signal of the test animal before the regulation, and the second physiological signal is the electroencephalogram signal of the test animal after the regulation. The level of sleep deprivation may be determined based on the first and second physiological signals and a predetermined sleep deprivation level table lookup. For example, if the power of the delta wave corresponding to the first physiological signal is 4, the power of the delta wave corresponding to the second physiological signal is 6, the variation is 2, and if the level corresponding to the variation 2 in the sleep deprivation level table is 1, the sleep deprivation level is 1.
In this embodiment, in a specific example, the test animal may be sleep deprived using a horizontal bench method and light-controlled to light stimulate the test animal. The method comprises the following steps: placing the test animal in a sleep deprivation box for sleep deprivation test, the box comprising: a food box, a drinking bottle, a platform (a small platform for the test animal to stand alone), and a sink. The light regulation and control device outputs light regulation and control signals to the tested animal, wherein the light regulation and control device can comprise a waveform generator, a laser, an optical fiber, a ferrule and the like. The method comprises the steps of collecting physiological signals of a test animal through a collection feedback device, determining optical parameters of a light regulation and control signal based on the physiological signals, and controlling the light regulation and control device to output the light regulation and control signal. The optical fiber and the electrode are both required to be implanted into a test animal body, the optical fiber is used for testing set cells in the test animal body to output optical regulation and control signals and is fixed in the test animal body through the inserting core, and the electrode is used for collecting and transmitting physiological signals in the test animal body.
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, said sleep deprivation in a test animal comprises: at least two test animals were subjected to sleep deprivation individually under different sleep deprivation conditions.
Correspondingly, said determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on said first physiological signal and said second physiological signal comprises: sequencing the sleep deprivation conditions corresponding to the test animals according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal corresponding to the test animals; the results of ranking of the sleep deprivation conditions corresponding to the respective test animals were used as the sleep deprivation effects corresponding to the sleep deprivation conditions corresponding to the respective test animals.
Specifically, different sleep deprivation methods can be respectively adopted for a plurality of test animals to carry out sleep deprivation at the same time, and the sleep deprivation effects can be compared; or the same sleep deprivation method, but the specific setting conditions of the sleep deprivation are different, such as the size of a small platform is different in the horizontal method. The method for determining the effect of sleep deprivation may specifically be that one test animal is placed in a horizontal-table sleep deprivation device, the other test animal is placed in a rotary-cylinder sleep deprivation device, the difference data of sleep deprivation under the two conditions are calculated respectively, and ranking is performed, specifically, a sleep deprivation method with larger difference data is used as a sleep deprivation method with better sleep deprivation effect, and the ranking result is used as the sleep deprivation effect of different sleep deprivation methods.
Through carrying out sleep deprivation respectively to a plurality of test animals, and the condition of sleep deprivation is different, each sleep deprivation's effect is compared according to the physiological signal that each test animal corresponds, and regard as the effect of sleep deprivation with the comparison result, the method can realize gathering the experimental data of sleep deprivation simultaneously, reduce the experimental interference factor of sleep deprivation, improve the precision of sleep deprivation experimental data, and only need qualitative comparison sleep deprivation's effect, can reduce the data bulk that the in-process that appraises the sleep deprivation effect need calculate, improve the efficiency of sleep deprivation effect evaluation method.
Alternatively, one test animal may be subjected to sleep deprivation by using different sleep deprivation methods, and the result of ranking of data representing the effect of sleep deprivation may be used as the effect of sleep deprivation.
Alternatively, sleep deprivation may be performed on a plurality of test animals in the same manner, with each test animal differing in the specific conditions of sleep deprivation, and the effect of sleep deprivation under each condition of a sleep deprivation method determined. For example, a plurality of test animals are respectively placed on small platforms of different sizes in a horizontal-table sleep deprivation device, and the effects of sleep deprivation caused by the small platforms are compared, so that the small platform of the optimal size is selected, and the horizontal-table sleep deprivation device is improved.
According to the technical scheme, the sleep deprivation effect is determined according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal after regulation and control are carried out on the test animal after sleep deprivation by collecting the first physiological signal after sleep deprivation, the problem that the sleep deprivation effect cannot be evaluated in the prior art is solved, the effect of evaluating the sleep deprivation method is achieved, data support is provided for selecting the sleep deprivation method, the reliability of a sleep deprivation test is improved, and the precision of test data is improved.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for testing sleep deprivation effect according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is embodied on the basis of the first embodiment, and the physiological signals are embodied as cortical electroencephalogram signals, hippocampal field electrical signals, and myoelectric signals. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s210, sleep deprivation is carried out on the test animal, physiological signals of the test animal are collected and serve as first physiological signals, and the physiological signals comprise cortex electroencephalogram signals, hippocampal field electrical signal positions and electromyogram signals.
In the embodiment, by collecting electrophysiological signals (including cortical electroencephalogram signals, hippocampal field electrical signals and electromyogram signals) in an animal body as physiological signals, the time precision of the electrical signals is far beyond chemical signals, so that the accuracy of sleep state judgment is improved; meanwhile, the electric signal can be recorded in real time at multiple points, so that the labor cost and the time cost are reduced, a large amount of information is contained in the electric signal, the electric signal is suitable for deep research and analysis, a plurality of signals can be extracted from the large amount of information by researchers, the sleep deprivation effect can be evaluated according to the plurality of signals, and the reliability of the sleep deprivation effect evaluation is improved.
S220, sending a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and collecting the regulated and controlled physiological signal of the test animal as a second physiological signal.
And S230, determining characteristic parameters corresponding to the first physiological signal as pure deprivation characteristic parameters according to the first physiological signal, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise barycentric frequency, power and complexity values.
In this embodiment, the power may be represented by a power spectrum, where the power spectrum is a spectrogram of the electroencephalogram power varying with the frequency, and may represent the power variation of each frequency band in the electroencephalogram signal. The barycentric frequency may be the average power of each frequency band, and may be calculated from the power spectrum. For example, the reference characteristic parameter may be the power of an alpha wave, and may also be the power ratio of the alpha wave to a delta wave.
More specifically, the electroencephalograph of the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal is obtained, the electroencephalogram signal with the amplitude changing along with time can be converted into a spectrogram, namely a power spectrum, with the electroencephalogram power changing along with frequency, wherein the area covered by the curve is numerically equal to the total power (energy) of the signals, and therefore the total power of each frequency band can be obtained.
In general comeThe electroencephalogram signal can be a synthesis of a large number of neuron electric signals, and can be a typical nonlinear time sequence containing a certain rule, so that a nonlinear measurement algorithm can be adopted: the complexity of the algorithm. Spontaneous potentials of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats can be detected simultaneously by embedded electrodes, and the variation characteristics of the two potentials in the stages of arousal and sleep are analyzed and compared by a plurality of methods of complexity measurement. Wherein the complexity value comprises algorithm complexity (Kc), complexity C1Approximate entropy (ApEn), and the like.
S240, determining a characteristic parameter corresponding to the second physiological signal according to the second physiological signal, and using the characteristic parameter as a regulation deprivation characteristic parameter.
And S250, acquiring response data of the test animal after sleep deprivation according to the pure deprivation characteristic parameter and the regulation deprivation characteristic parameter, wherein the response data comprises response speed and response intensity.
Generally, the ability of the test animals to respond to stress increases and then decreases as the time to sleep deprivation increases. The stress response capability of the test animal can be evaluated according to the response data, for example, the shorter the response time and the stronger the response strength indicate that the stress response capability is stronger, wherein the response time can be the time from the output of the regulation signal to the time when the acquired physiological signal (i.e. the second physiological signal) is significantly changed, and can be a criterion for judging whether the response time is significantly changed, and can be whether the difference value between the second physiological signal and the physiological signal (i.e. the first physiological signal) in a set time (such as 10 minutes) before the output of the regulation signal exceeds a set threshold value, and the threshold value can be determined according to the change amount of the physiological signal before and after the regulation signal is received by the test animal without sleep deprivation; the intensity of the response may be an amount of change in power of brain waves before and after the test animal receives the regulatory signal.
S260, determining a first sleep deprivation level according to the response data.
In this embodiment, a sleep deprivation level table may be preset, the table may record the correspondence between the response data and the sleep deprivation level, and the sleep deprivation level table may be queried to determine the level of sleep deprivation according to a specific numerical value of the response data. For example, setting the characteristic parameter as the power of the brain wave signals, the response data as the amount of change (absolute value) in the power of the brain wave signals within 1s may be set in advance, and the sleep deprivation level table may include a level of 1 for sleep deprivation when the response data is within the range of (0, 1), a level of 2 for sleep deprivation when the response data is within the range of (1, 5), and a level of 3 for sleep deprivation when the response data is within the range of (5, 10).
Optionally, the sleep deprivation level table includes a plurality of characteristic parameters, and a plurality of ranges of response data are set in a directory of each characteristic parameter, and each range corresponds to a sleep deprivation level value. In a specific example, the characteristic parameter is a power ratio of beta wave to alpha wave, and the range corresponding to the response data of the pure deprivation characteristic parameter and the regulation deprivation characteristic parameter may be that, when the response data is not greater than-0.1, the corresponding sleep deprivation level is 1; when the response data is between-0.1 and 0.1, the corresponding sleep deprivation level is 2; when the response data is not less than 0.1, the corresponding sleep deprivation level is 3; and when the characteristic parameter is a power variation amount (absolute value) of beta waves, the sleep deprivation level table may include a level of 1 for sleep deprivation when the response data is in the (0, 1) range, a level of 2 for sleep deprivation when the response data is in the (1, 5) range, and a level of 3 for sleep deprivation when the response data is in the (5, 10) range.
Optionally, the pure deprivation characteristic parameters and the regulation and control deprivation characteristic parameters may include a plurality of characteristic parameters, different ranges of response data may be matched with different weight values in response data corresponding to each characteristic parameter, and sleep deprivation levels are determined according to calculated weights and corresponding weight values of the response data according to each characteristic parameter.
Alternatively, the numerical value of the specific data for evaluating sleep deprivation may be used as the sleep deprivation level. For example, when the characteristic parameter is a power variation amount (absolute value) of beta waves, the specific value thereof is 6, and the sleep deprivation level may be 6.
It should be noted that the manner of determining the sleep deprivation level includes other factors, for example, the sleep deprivation level may also be determined according to the duration of the control signal, specifically, the ratio of the response data to the duration of the control signal is calculated, and the sleep deprivation level table is queried according to the calculation result to determine the effect of sleep deprivation. The sleep deprivation effect is also influenced by other factors, and correspondingly, other calculation methods exist, and the embodiment of the invention is not particularly limited to this.
S270, determining the effect of sleep deprivation according to the first sleep deprivation level.
In the present embodiment, the first sleep deprivation level may be used as the effect of sleep deprivation, or a correspondence relationship between the first sleep deprivation level and the effect of sleep deprivation may be set, for example, when the first sleep deprivation level is 100, the effect of sleep deprivation is good; when the first sleep deprivation level is 200, the effect of sleep deprivation is excellent.
It should be noted that the effect of sleep deprivation may be determined in other ways according to the first sleep deprivation level, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited.
In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, before determining the effect of sleep deprivation based on the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal, the method further comprises: according to a pre-acquired physiological signal of the test animal when sleep deprivation does not occur, determining a characteristic parameter corresponding to a reference signal as a reference characteristic parameter; after determining the characteristic parameter corresponding to the first physiological signal according to the first physiological signal as a pure deprived characteristic parameter, the method further comprises the following steps: acquiring distinguishing data before and after sleep deprivation of the test animal according to the pure deprivation characteristic parameters and the reference characteristic parameters, wherein the distinguishing data comprises the change direction and the change quantity of the characteristic parameters before and after sleep deprivation of the test animal; determining a second sleep deprivation level based on the discrimination data; determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first sleep deprivation level, further comprising: determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first sleep deprivation level and the second sleep deprivation level.
Specifically, the pre-acquired reference signal of the test animal when not deprived of sleep can be used for representing the original normal state of the test animal, wherein the reference signal can comprise a physiological signal of the test animal in a waking state and a physiological signal of the test animal in a sleeping state. By obtaining the characteristic parameters of the reference signal of the test animal, the characteristics of the physiological signal of the test animal in the original normal state can be extracted and used as the standard for evaluating sleep deprivation. Furthermore, the reference signal may be divided according to the center of gravity frequency, power and complexity value to obtain a reference signal corresponding to the awake stage and a reference signal corresponding to the sleep stage.
The pure deprivation characteristic parameter may be a total power of each frequency band in the brain wave signal. In addition, the power ratio between the frequency bands can be calculated to be used as a pure deprivation characteristic parameter for reflecting the variation trend of the resting state and the activity state of the test animal, such as the power ratio of alpha wave to delta wave, the power ratio of beta wave to theta wave and the like.
Further, a weighted sum of the two levels may be calculated as a final sleep deprivation level, i.e., the effect of sleep deprivation, based on the first sleep deprivation level determined from the response data and the second sleep deprivation level determined from the discrimination data. The weighted sum may have a predetermined weight value.
For example, the first sleep-deprivation level and the second sleep-deprivation level may be preset to have a corresponding relationship with the total sleep-deprivation level, and the total sleep-deprivation level may be determined according to the corresponding relationship.
By using the change of physiological signals before and after sleep deprivation and the response capability of stimulation after sleep deprivation as the effect of evaluating the sleep deprivation method, the evaluation factor of the sleep deprivation effect is increased, more comprehensive evaluation of sleep deprivation is realized, and the reliability of the method for evaluating the sleep deprivation effect is improved.
Alternatively, the reference characteristic parameter may include a plurality of parameters, and correspondingly, the pure-deprived characteristic parameter includes a characteristic parameter corresponding to the reference characteristic parameter. Specifically, the reference characteristic parameter includes total power of the theta wave, and correspondingly, the pure deprivation characteristic parameter includes total power of the theta wave; the distinguishing data may be a ratio of the power of the theta wave in the reference signal to the power of the theta wave of the first physiological signal after sleep deprivation, the ratio being indicative of the change in band energy of the theta wave before and after sleep deprivation.
Optionally, obtaining discriminatory data before and after sleep deprivation of the test animal according to the pure deprivation characteristic parameter and the reference characteristic parameter includes: acquiring a target deprivation parameter in the deprivation characteristic parameters, and acquiring a target reference parameter corresponding to the target deprivation parameter in the reference characteristic parameters; calculating relative difference values of the target deprivation parameters and the target reference parameters, and taking the relative difference values as target distinguishing data; and determining distinguishing data according to the target distinguishing data.
Specifically, the deprived feature parameter and the reference feature parameter may include a plurality of parameters, wherein one of the deprived feature parameters is selected as a target deprived parameter and corresponds to the target deprived parameter, and a parameter corresponding to the target deprived parameter is selected as a target reference parameter from the reference feature parameters. The relative difference between the target deprivation parameter and the target reference parameter may be calculated using the following equation:
wherein E is a relative difference; a is a target deprivation parameter; and R is a target reference parameter. The method of determining the discrimination data from the target discrimination data may be to calculate a weighted sum (weight values may be preset) of a plurality of target discrimination data as final discrimination data.
In a specific example, the total power of the theta wave is selected as a target deprivation parameter from among the deprivation characteristic parameters, and correspondingly, the total power of the theta wave is selected as a target reference parameter from among the reference characteristic parameters. Then the relative difference of the total power of the theta wave before and after sleep deprivation of the test animal can be calculated according to the formula, if E is less than 0, the theta wave band energy is reduced, namely, the event-related desynchronization phenomenon occurs; if E is 0, the theta wave band energy is not changed at all; if E >0, it indicates that the theta band energy is increased and event-related synchronization occurs.
The relative difference value before and after sleep deprivation is used as distinguishing data, the sleep deprivation grade is determined according to the energy change (the change of the quantity and the change of the direction) of the frequency band, the characteristic parameters before sleep deprivation are used as the reference, and the error in the characteristic parameters is prevented from being brought into the subsequent calculation process, so that the error of the characteristic parameters is reduced, and the accuracy and the reliability of the sleep deprivation method are improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the physiological signal is set as the electric signal, and the sleep deprivation effect is determined according to the response capability of the sleep deprivation method to the external stimulation signal, so that the accuracy and the reliability of the sleep deprivation method are improved.
EXAMPLE III
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for testing sleep deprivation effect according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The third embodiment is a corresponding device for realizing the method for testing the sleep deprivation effect provided by the above embodiment of the invention. The device comprises:
the first physiological signal acquisition module 310 is used for sleep deprivation of a test animal and acquiring a physiological signal of the test animal as a first physiological signal;
the second physiological signal acquisition module 320 is configured to send a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and acquire a physiological signal of the test animal after being regulated and controlled as a second physiological signal;
a sleep deprivation effect determination module 330 for determining a sleep deprivation effect based on the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal.
According to the technical scheme, the sleep deprivation effect is determined according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal after regulation and control are carried out on the test animal after sleep deprivation by collecting the first physiological signal after sleep deprivation, the problem that the sleep deprivation effect cannot be evaluated in the prior art is solved, the effect of evaluating the sleep deprivation method is achieved, data support is provided for selecting the sleep deprivation method, the reliability of a sleep deprivation test is improved, and the precision of test data is improved.
Further, the apparatus comprises: the physiological signals comprise cortex electroencephalogram signals, hippocampal field electrical signals and electromyogram signals.
Further, the first physiological signal collecting module 310 is configured to: at least two test animals were subjected to sleep deprivation individually under different sleep deprivation conditions.
Further, the sleep deprivation effect determination module 330 is configured to: sequencing the sleep deprivation conditions corresponding to the test animals according to the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal corresponding to the test animals; the results of ranking of the sleep deprivation conditions corresponding to the respective test animals were used as the sleep deprivation effects corresponding to the sleep deprivation conditions corresponding to the respective test animals.
Further, the sleep deprivation effect determination module 330 includes: the pure deprivation characteristic parameter determining module is used for determining a characteristic parameter corresponding to the first physiological signal according to the first physiological signal, and the characteristic parameter is used as a pure deprivation characteristic parameter, wherein the characteristic parameter comprises a gravity center frequency, power and a complexity value; the regulation deprivation characteristic parameter determining module is used for determining a characteristic parameter corresponding to the second physiological signal according to the second physiological signal and taking the characteristic parameter as a regulation deprivation characteristic parameter; a response data determination module, configured to obtain response data of the test animal after sleep deprivation according to the pure deprivation characteristic parameter and the regulation deprivation characteristic parameter, where the response data includes a response speed and a response intensity; a first sleep deprivation level determination module for determining a first sleep deprivation level based on the response data; an effect determination module to determine an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first sleep deprivation level.
Further, the apparatus is further configured to: and according to a physiological signal which is acquired in advance and is not deprived of sleep of the test animal, determining a characteristic parameter corresponding to the reference signal as a reference characteristic parameter.
Further, the apparatus is further configured to: acquiring distinguishing data before and after sleep deprivation of the test animal according to the pure deprivation characteristic parameters and the reference characteristic parameters, wherein the distinguishing data comprises the change direction and the change quantity of the characteristic parameters before and after sleep deprivation of the test animal; a second sleep deprivation level is determined based on the discrimination data.
Further, the effect determination module is configured to: determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first sleep deprivation level and the second sleep deprivation level.
Further, the apparatus comprises: the regulating signal is a light regulating signal.
Further, the apparatus is further configured to: determining an optical parameter of the light regulation signal according to a type of gene previously introduced into a set cell in a locus coeruleus brain region of the test animal, wherein the set cell comprises neurons for synthesizing norepinephrine.
The device for testing the sleep deprivation effect provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the method for testing the sleep deprivation effect provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.
Example four
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of an exemplary computer device 401 suitable for use in implementing embodiments of the present invention. The computer device 401 shown in fig. 4 is only an example and should not bring any limitations to the functionality or scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 4, the computer device 401 is in the form of a general purpose computing device. The components of the computer device 401 may include, but are not limited to: one or more processors or processing units 402, a system memory 403, and a bus 404 that couples various system components including the system memory 403 and the processing unit 402.
The system Memory 403 may include computer system readable media in the form of volatile Memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) 405 and/or cache Memory 406. The computer device 401 may further include other removable/non-removable, volatile/nonvolatile computer system storage media. By way of example only, storage system 407 may be used to read from and write to non-removable, nonvolatile magnetic media (not shown in FIG. 4, and commonly referred to as a "hard drive"). Although not shown in FIG. 4, a magnetic disk drive for reading from and writing to a removable, nonvolatile magnetic disk (e.g., a "floppy disk") and an optical disk drive for reading from or writing to a removable, nonvolatile optical disk (e.g., a Compact disk Read-Only Memory (CD-ROM), Digital Video disk (DVD-ROM), or other optical media) may be provided. In these cases, each drive may be connected to bus 404 by one or more data media interfaces. Memory 403 may include at least one program product having a set (e.g., at least one) of program modules that are configured to carry out the functions of embodiments of the invention.
A program/utility 409 having a set (at least one) of program modules 408 may be stored, for example, in memory 403, such program modules 408 including, but not limited to, an operating system, one or more application programs, other program modules, and program data, each of which examples or some combination thereof may comprise an implementation of a network environment. The program modules 408 generally perform the functions and/or methodologies of the described embodiments of the invention.
The computer device 401 may also communicate with one or more external devices 410 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, display 411, etc.), with one or more devices that enable a user to interact with the computer device 401, and/or with any devices (e.g., network card, modem, etc.) that enable the computer device 401 to communicate with one or more other computing devices. Such communication may be through an Input/Output (I/O) interface 412. Further, the computer device 401 may also communicate with one or more networks (e.g., a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public Network, such as the internet) via the Network adapter 413. As shown, the network adapter 413 communicates with the other modules of the computer device 401 over the bus 404. It should be appreciated that although not shown in FIG. 4, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in conjunction with the computer device 401, including but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, Redundant processing units, external disk drive Arrays, disk array (RAID) systems, tape drives, and data backup storage systems, to name a few.
The processing unit 402 executes various functional applications and data processing by executing programs stored in the system memory 403, for example, implementing a method for testing sleep deprivation effect provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
That is, the processing unit implements, when executing the program: sleep deprivation is carried out on a test animal, and physiological signals of the test animal are collected and used as first physiological signals; sending a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and collecting the physiological signal of the test animal after regulation and control as a second physiological signal; determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal.
EXAMPLE five
A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, where the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for testing sleep deprivation effect as provided in all embodiments of the present invention of this application:
that is, the program when executed by the processor implements: sleep deprivation is carried out on a test animal, and physiological signals of the test animal are collected and used as first physiological signals; sending a set regulation and control signal to the test animal according to the first physiological signal, and collecting the physiological signal of the test animal after regulation and control as a second physiological signal; determining an effect of sleep deprivation based on the first physiological signal and the second physiological signal.
Computer storage media for embodiments of the invention may employ any combination of one or more computer-readable media. The computer readable medium may be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a RAM, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), an Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EPROM), a flash Memory, an optical fiber, a portable CD-ROM, an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the context of this document, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
A computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take any of a variety of forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to wireless, wireline, optical fiber cable, Radio Frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
Computer program code for carrying out operations for aspects of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C + + or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the case of a remote computer, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a LAN or a WAN, or the connection may be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet service provider).
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
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