CN110387805A - A Novel Prestressed Cable Structure Based on Shape Memory Alloy - Google Patents
A Novel Prestressed Cable Structure Based on Shape Memory Alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110387805A CN110387805A CN201910747987.6A CN201910747987A CN110387805A CN 110387805 A CN110387805 A CN 110387805A CN 201910747987 A CN201910747987 A CN 201910747987A CN 110387805 A CN110387805 A CN 110387805A
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- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 210000002435 tendon Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007334 memory performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D11/00—Suspension or cable-stayed bridges
- E01D11/04—Cable-stayed bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/16—Suspension cables; Cable clamps for suspension cables ; Pre- or post-stressed cables
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/20—Concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E01D2101/24—Concrete
- E01D2101/26—Concrete reinforced
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，包括形状记忆合金智能锚索，所述形状记忆合金智能锚主要包括形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索、形状记忆合金管接头、预应力筋、形状记忆合金夹具和螺旋筋，所述形状记忆合金夹具主要由形状记忆金属锚固夹片组成，且形状记忆金属锚固夹片插入在锚固孔中，所述预应力筋从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索中贯穿，且预应力筋与记忆合金螺旋状拉索通过形状记忆合金管接头连接，本发明采用形状记忆合金夹具、形状记忆合金管接头及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索，降低预应力的损失，提高结构的跨越能力，改善结构的力学性能、抗裂性能与耐久性，使体内预应力钢筋则有利于结构运营期间的维修，提高结构的使用寿命。
The invention discloses a novel prestressed cable structure based on a shape memory alloy, which includes a shape memory alloy smart anchor cable. The shape memory alloy smart anchor mainly includes a shape memory alloy helical cable, a shape memory alloy pipe joint, a prestressed Stress tendons, shape memory alloy clamps and spiral ribs, the shape memory alloy clamps are mainly composed of shape memory metal anchor clips, and the shape memory metal anchor clips are inserted into the anchor holes, and the prestressed tendons are formed from the shape memory alloy spiral The prestressed tendon and the memory alloy spiral cable are connected through a shape memory alloy pipe joint. The present invention adopts a shape memory alloy clamp, a shape memory alloy pipe joint and a shape memory alloy spiral cable to reduce the prestress The loss of the structure can be improved, the spanning ability of the structure can be improved, the mechanical properties, crack resistance and durability of the structure can be improved, the prestressed steel bars in the body can be beneficial to the maintenance of the structure during operation, and the service life of the structure can be improved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及桥梁工程技术领域，具体为一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构。The invention relates to the technical field of bridge engineering, in particular to a novel prestressed cable structure based on a shape memory alloy.
背景技术Background technique
应力损失是预应力结构及拉索结构中的主要问题。Stress loss is a major problem in prestressed structures and cable structures.
体外预应力先灌筑构件，然后在构件上直接施加预应力的方法。一般做法多是先安置后张预应力筋及成孔波纹管、构造钢筋和零件，然后安装模板和灌筑混凝土。预应力筋可先穿入套管也可以后穿。等混凝土达到强度后，用千斤顶将预应力筋张拉到要求的应力，然后用锚夹具锚于梁的两端，预压应力通过两端锚夹具传给构件混凝土。External prestressing is the method of pouring components first, and then directly applying prestress on the components. The general practice is to first place post-tensioned prestressed tendons and corrugated pipes, structural steel bars and parts, and then install formwork and pour concrete. The prestressed tendons can be inserted into the casing first or later. After the concrete reaches the strength, the prestressed tendons are stretched to the required stress with a jack, and then anchored to both ends of the beam with anchor clamps, and the precompressed stress is transmitted to the component concrete through the anchor clamps at both ends.
斜拉索松弛的斜拉桥主要病害之一。拉索松弛，将不能承受原来长度的内力，势必引起结构内力的重分布，使结构内力偏移设计内力，加速斜拉索的破坏，影响桥梁的正常使用。而桥梁正常使用阶段导致斜拉桥松弛的主要是由于斜拉索受温差影响从而使斜拉索产生应力松弛现象。One of the main diseases of cable-stayed bridges with slack cables. If the cable is loose, it will not be able to bear the internal force of the original length, which will inevitably cause the redistribution of the internal force of the structure, make the internal force of the structure deviate from the designed internal force, accelerate the damage of the stay cable, and affect the normal use of the bridge. The main reason for the relaxation of cable-stayed bridges in the normal use stage of the bridge is that the cable-stayed cables are affected by the temperature difference, resulting in stress relaxation of the cable-stayed cables.
以上工法及机具其缺陷主要为应力损失。其中有主要有张拉端锚具的变形和预应力筋回缩引起的损失；温差引起预应力筋及拉索的损失；预应力钢筋及拉索松弛引起的损失；混凝土收缩和徐变引起的损失；预应力筋挤压混凝土引起的损失。The defects of the above construction methods and tools are mainly stress loss. Among them, there are mainly the loss caused by the deformation of the tension end anchorage and the retraction of the prestressed tendon; the loss of the prestressed tendon and the cable caused by the temperature difference; the loss caused by the relaxation of the prestressed steel bar and the cable; the loss caused by the shrinkage and creep of the concrete. Loss; loss caused by prestressed tendons extruding concrete.
形状记忆合金(Shape Memory Alloy , 简称SMA)是一种兼有感知和驱动功能的金属材料, 具有一般金属材料所没有的许多特殊物理力学性能,主要有形状记忆效应、超弹性效应、阻尼效应、电阻特性, 还具有强度高、塑性好、抗腐蚀、疲劳寿命长等优异特性。所谓形状记忆效应是呈现热弹性马氏体相变的合金所具有的一种奇特的功能，即，合金处于低温相时予以塑性形变，加热到临界温度以上通过逆相变恢复其原始形状的现象，称之为形状记忆效应。Shape memory alloy (Shape Memory Alloy, referred to as SMA) is a metal material with both sensing and driving functions. It has many special physical and mechanical properties that ordinary metal materials do not have. It also has excellent characteristics such as high strength, good plasticity, corrosion resistance, and long fatigue life. The so-called shape memory effect is a peculiar function of alloys exhibiting thermoelastic martensitic phase transformation, that is, the phenomenon that the alloy is plastically deformed when it is in the low temperature phase, and is heated above the critical temperature to restore its original shape through reverse phase transformation. , called the shape memory effect.
鉴于拉锁结构和预应力筋及锚夹具引起的预应力损失与形状记忆合金材料的性能优势，本专利申请提出一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力筋结构。In view of the prestress loss caused by the zipper structure, prestressed tendons and anchor fixtures, and the performance advantages of shape memory alloy materials, this patent application proposes a new type of prestressed tendon structure based on shape memory alloys.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，通过采用形状记忆合金夹具、形状记忆合金管接头及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索，降低预应力的损失，提高了结构的跨越能力，改善了结构的力学性能、抗裂性能与耐久性，使体内预应力钢筋则有利于结构运营期间的维修，提高了结构的使用寿命。The object of the present invention is to provide a new type of prestressed cable structure based on shape memory alloy. By adopting shape memory alloy clamps, shape memory alloy pipe joints and shape memory alloy helical cables, the loss of prestress is reduced and the structure is improved. The spanning ability of the structure improves the mechanical properties, crack resistance and durability of the structure, and the prestressed steel bars in the body are conducive to the maintenance of the structure during operation, which improves the service life of the structure.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，包括形状记忆合金智能锚索，所述形状记忆合金智能锚主要包括形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索、形状记忆合金管接头、预应力筋、形状记忆合金夹具和螺旋筋，所述形状记忆合金夹具主要由形状记忆金属锚固夹片组成，且形状记忆金属锚固夹片插入在锚固孔中，所述预应力筋从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索中贯穿，且预应力筋与记忆合金螺旋状拉索通过形状记忆合金管接头连接，所述预应力筋一侧设有波纹管，所述螺旋筋由多组形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索组成，所述形状记忆合金夹具与预应力锚具中锚板与锚垫板配合使用，所述形状记忆合金管接头与预应力筋及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索配合使用。In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a new type of prestressed cable structure based on shape memory alloy, including a shape memory alloy smart anchor cable, and the shape memory alloy smart anchor mainly includes a shape memory alloy helical cable , shape memory alloy pipe joints, prestressed tendons, shape memory alloy clamps and spiral ribs, the shape memory alloy clamps are mainly composed of shape memory metal anchor clips, and the shape memory metal anchor clips are inserted into the anchor holes, the described The prestressed tendon runs through the shape memory alloy helical cable, and the prestressed tendon and the memory alloy helical cable are connected through a shape memory alloy pipe joint. A corrugated tube is arranged on one side of the prestressed tendon, and the helical tendon is formed by It is composed of multiple groups of shape memory alloy spiral cables, the shape memory alloy clamp is used in conjunction with the anchor plate and the anchor plate in the prestressed anchorage, and the shape memory alloy pipe joint is connected with the prestressed tendon and the shape memory alloy spiral pulley. use in conjunction with the cable.
本发明将形状记忆合金智能锚主要采用形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索、形状记忆合金管接头组成，有效的降低预应力的损失，提高了结构的跨越能力，改善了结构的力学性能、抗裂性能与耐久性，提高了结构的使用寿命。In the present invention, the shape memory alloy intelligent anchor is mainly composed of shape memory alloy spiral cables and shape memory alloy pipe joints, which effectively reduces the loss of prestress, improves the spanning ability of the structure, and improves the mechanical properties and crack resistance of the structure. With durability, the service life of the structure is improved.
优选的，所述形状记忆金属锚固夹片用相变点-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备而成，在预应力筋张拉完成进行紧固操作前，将形状记忆金属锚固夹片通过干冰或液氮浸泡的方式进行充分冷却致使夹片达到正常锚固夹片大小，随后立即将夹片插入锚固孔中，温度回升后产生不可逆转的变形，夹片将预应力筋固紧。Preferably, the shape-memory metal anchoring clip is made of TiNiFe alloy with a phase transition point of -150°C. Before the prestressed tendons are stretched and fastened, the shape-memory metal anchoring clip is passed through dry ice or liquid nitrogen. The method of soaking is fully cooled so that the clip reaches the size of the normal anchor clip, and then the clip is inserted into the anchor hole immediately, and irreversible deformation occurs after the temperature rises, and the clip tightens the prestressed tendons.
优选的，所述形状记忆合金管接头用相变点-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备，形状记忆合金管接头内径比被接管外径小4%~5%，形状记忆合金管接头由低温升高使形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索与预应力筋紧密连接。Preferably, the shape memory alloy pipe joint is made of TiNiFe alloy with a phase transition point of -150°C, the inner diameter of the shape memory alloy pipe joint is 4% to 5% smaller than the outer diameter of the pipe to be connected, and the shape memory alloy pipe joint is made by increasing the low temperature. The shape memory alloy helical cable is closely connected with the prestressed tendon.
本发明通过采用TiNiFe合金制备制备形状记忆合金管接头和形状记忆金属锚固夹片，使其具有良好的记忆性能，在长期的称重过程可具有良好的回弹性。The invention adopts the TiNiFe alloy to prepare the shape memory alloy pipe joint and the shape memory metal anchor clip, so that the shape memory has good memory performance and good resilience in the long-term weighing process.
优选的，所述形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索由CuZnAl合金丝组成，所述CuZnAl合金丝设有6组，且CuZnAl合金丝直径为2.5mm，所述形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索两端均设有弯钩，所述弯钩用于与形状记忆合金管接头相连，所述所述CuZnAl合金丝设有7组，增加坚固性和抗裂性能。Preferably, the shape memory alloy helical cable is composed of CuZnAl alloy wires, the CuZnAl alloy wires are provided with 6 groups, and the diameter of the CuZnAl alloy wires is 2.5 mm, and both ends of the shape memory alloy helical cable are provided with There are hooks, and the hooks are used to connect with the shape memory alloy pipe joints, and the CuZnAl alloy wires are provided with 7 groups to increase the firmness and crack resistance.
优选的，所述形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索直径大于预应力筋外径，且预应力筋从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索中穿过并通过形状记忆合金管接头将预应力筋和形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索相连，将预应力筋和形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索来凝结。Preferably, the diameter of the shape memory alloy helical cable is larger than the outer diameter of the prestressed tendon, and the prestressed tendon passes through the shape memory alloy helical cable and connects the prestressed tendon and the shape memory alloy through the shape memory alloy pipe joint. The spiral cables are connected, and the prestressed tendons and the shape memory alloy spiral cables are condensed.
优选的，所述形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索初始状态为一压缩状态，当预应力筋由于出现预应力损失时，可通过对预应力筋通特定直流电的方式致使其伸长已补充已经损失的预应力，补充的预应力可有效的保护整体的结构的使用和提供寿命。Preferably, the initial state of the shape memory alloy helical cable is a compressed state. When the prestressed tendon is lost due to prestressing, the elongation of the prestressed tendon can be supplemented by passing a specific direct current to the prestressed tendon. Prestressing and supplementary prestressing can effectively protect the use of the overall structure and provide life.
本发明提供了一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，具备以下有益效果：The invention provides a novel prestressed cable structure based on a shape memory alloy, which has the following beneficial effects:
（1）本发明采用形状记忆合金夹具、形状记忆合金管接头及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索，降低预应力的损失，提高了结构的跨越能力，改善了结构的力学性能、抗裂性能与耐久性，使体内预应力钢筋则有利于结构运营期间的维修，提高了结构的使用寿命。(1) The present invention adopts shape memory alloy clamps, shape memory alloy pipe joints and shape memory alloy spiral cables to reduce the loss of prestress, improve the spanning ability of the structure, and improve the mechanical properties, crack resistance and durability of the structure The prestressed reinforcement in the body is conducive to the maintenance of the structure during operation and improves the service life of the structure.
（2）本发明根据这种新型结构的特点提出了其具体实施方法，即通过后期对SMA锚索构件温度的变化来降低锚索结构的预应力损失问题，该方法可以极大的降低锚索结构的预应力损失问题，进而可实现混凝土预应力桥梁及斜拉桥结构性能、结构设计与施工方式上的全方位优化。(2) According to the characteristics of this new structure, the present invention proposes its specific implementation method, that is, the problem of prestress loss of the anchor cable structure can be reduced by changing the temperature of the SMA anchor cable component in the later stage. This method can greatly reduce the anchor cable The prestress loss problem of the structure can be solved, and then the all-round optimization of the structural performance, structural design and construction method of concrete prestressed bridges and cable-stayed bridges can be realized.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的形状记忆合金智能锚索结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the shape memory alloy intelligent anchor cable of the present invention;
图2为本发明的形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shape memory alloy helical cable of the present invention;
图3为本发明的形状记忆合金管接头高温状态结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature state structure of the shape memory alloy pipe joint of the present invention;
图4为本发明的形状记忆合金管接头低温状态结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shape memory alloy pipe joint in the low temperature state of the present invention.
图中：100、形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索；101、弯钩；102、CuZnAl合金丝；200、形状记忆合金管接头；300、预应力筋；400、形状记忆合金夹具；500、波纹管；600、螺旋筋；700、锚垫板。In the figure: 100, shape memory alloy spiral cable; 101, hook; 102, CuZnAl alloy wire; 200, shape memory alloy pipe joint; 300, prestressed tendon; 400, shape memory alloy clamp; 500, bellows; 600, spiral reinforcement; 700, anchor plate.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
实施例1：Example 1:
如图1-4所示，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，包括形状记忆合金智能锚索，所述形状记忆合金智能锚主要包括形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100、形状记忆合金管接头200、预应力筋300、形状记忆合金夹具400和螺旋筋600，所述形状记忆合金夹具400主要由形状记忆金属锚固夹片组成，且形状记忆金属锚固夹片插入在锚固孔中，所述预应力筋300从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100中贯穿，且预应力筋300与记忆合金螺旋状拉索100通过形状记忆合金管接头200连接，所述预应力筋300一侧设有波纹管500，所述螺旋筋600由多组形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100组成，所述形状记忆合金夹具400与预应力锚具中锚板与锚垫板700配合使用，所述形状记忆合金管接头200与预应力筋300及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100配合使用。As shown in Figures 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a novel prestressed cable structure based on a shape memory alloy, including a shape memory alloy smart anchor cable, and the shape memory alloy smart anchor mainly includes a shape memory alloy Spiral cable 100, shape memory alloy pipe joint 200, prestressed tendon 300, shape memory alloy clamp 400 and spiral rib 600, the shape memory alloy clamp 400 is mainly composed of shape memory metal anchor clips, and the shape memory metal anchor The clip is inserted into the anchor hole, the prestressed tendon 300 runs through the shape memory alloy helical cable 100, and the prestressed tendon 300 and the memory alloy helical cable 100 are connected through a shape memory alloy pipe joint 200. A bellows 500 is provided on one side of the prestressed tendon 300. The spiral tendon 600 is composed of multiple sets of shape memory alloy spiral cables 100. The shape memory alloy clamp 400 is connected with the anchor plate and the anchor backing plate 700 in the prestressed anchor. Used in conjunction, the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 is used in conjunction with the prestressed tendons 300 and the shape memory alloy helical cable 100 .
实施方法：将形状记忆金属锚固夹片用相变点-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备而成，在预应力筋300张拉完成进行紧固操作前，将形状记忆金属锚固夹片通过干冰或液氮浸泡的方式进行充分冷却致使夹片达到正常锚固夹片大小，随后立即将夹片插入锚固孔中，温度回升后产生不可逆转的变形，夹片将预应力筋300固紧，形状记忆合金管接头200用相变点-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备，形状记忆合金管接头200内径比被接管外径小4%~5%，管内壁并刻有螺纹，形状记忆合金管接头200由低温升高使形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100与预应力筋300紧密连接，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100由6组2.5mm的CuZnAl合金丝102制成一束，进而加工为一根形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100两端均带有弯钩101，弯钩101用于与形状记忆合金管接头200相连，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100直径大于预应力筋300外径，且预应力筋300从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100中穿过，并通过形状记忆合金管接头200将预应力筋300和形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100相连，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100初始状态为一压缩状态，当预应力筋300由于出现预应力损失时，可通过对预应力筋300通特定直流电的方式致使其伸长已补充已经损失的预应力。Implementation method: The shape-memory metal anchoring clip is prepared with a TiNiFe alloy with a phase transition point of -150°C, and the shape-memory metal anchoring clip is passed through dry ice or liquid nitrogen before the fastening operation is completed after 300 stretches of the prestressed tendon. The method of soaking is fully cooled so that the clip reaches the size of the normal anchor clip, and then the clip is inserted into the anchor hole immediately, and irreversible deformation occurs after the temperature rises, and the clip tightens the prestressed tendon 300, and the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 is made of TiNiFe alloy with a phase transition point of -150°C. The inner diameter of the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 is 4% to 5% smaller than the outer diameter of the connected pipe. The inner wall of the pipe is engraved with threads. The shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 is closely connected with the prestressed tendon 300. The shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 is made into a bundle of 6 groups of 2.5mm CuZnAl alloy wires 102, and then processed into a shape memory alloy spiral cable. The cable 100, the shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 has a hook 101 at both ends, the hook 101 is used to connect with the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200, the diameter of the shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 is larger than the outer diameter of the prestressing tendon 300 , and the prestressed tendons 300 pass through the shape memory alloy helical cable 100, and the prestressed tendons 300 and the shape memory alloy helical cable 100 are connected through the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200, the shape memory alloy helical cable The initial state of 100 is a compressed state. When the prestressed tendon 300 is lost due to prestressed force, the prestressed tendon 300 can be elongated to supplement the lost prestressed force by passing a specific direct current to the prestressed tendon 300.
需要说明的是，一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，在工作时，采用-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备形状记忆合金夹具400、形状记忆合金管接头200及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100，可有效降低预应力的损失，提高了结构的跨越能力，改善了结构的力学性能、抗裂性能与耐久性，使体内预应力钢筋则有利于结构运营期间的维修，提高了结构的使用寿命，通过后期对SMA锚索构件温度的变化来降低锚索结构的预应力损失问题，该方法可以极大的降低锚索结构的预应力损失问题，进而可实现混凝土预应力桥梁及斜拉桥结构性能、结构设计与施工方式上的全方位优化。It should be noted that, for a new type of prestressed cable structure based on shape memory alloy, the shape memory alloy clamp 400, the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 and the shape memory alloy helical pulley are prepared by using TiNiFe alloy at -150°C during operation. The cable 100 can effectively reduce the loss of prestress, improve the spanning capacity of the structure, improve the mechanical properties, crack resistance and durability of the structure, make the prestressed steel bars in the body beneficial to the maintenance of the structure during operation, and improve the structural stability. Service life, by changing the temperature of the SMA anchor cable components in the later stage to reduce the prestress loss of the anchor cable structure, this method can greatly reduce the prestress loss of the anchor cable structure, and then realize the concrete prestressed bridge and cable-stayed All-round optimization of bridge structural performance, structural design and construction methods.
实施例2：Example 2:
如图1-4所示，本发明提供一种技术方案：一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，包括形状记忆合金智能锚索，所述形状记忆合金智能锚主要包括形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100、形状记忆合金管接头200、预应力筋300、形状记忆合金夹具400和螺旋筋600，所述形状记忆合金夹具400主要由形状记忆金属锚固夹片组成，且形状记忆金属锚固夹片插入在锚固孔中，所述预应力筋300从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100中贯穿，且预应力筋300与记忆合金螺旋状拉索100通过形状记忆合金管接头200连接，所述预应力筋300一侧设有波纹管500，所述螺旋筋600由多组形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100组成，所述形状记忆合金夹具400与预应力锚具中锚板与锚垫板700配合使用，所述形状记忆合金管接头200与预应力筋300及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100配合使用。As shown in Figures 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a novel prestressed cable structure based on a shape memory alloy, including a shape memory alloy smart anchor cable, and the shape memory alloy smart anchor mainly includes a shape memory alloy Spiral cable 100, shape memory alloy pipe joint 200, prestressed tendon 300, shape memory alloy clamp 400 and spiral rib 600, the shape memory alloy clamp 400 is mainly composed of shape memory metal anchor clips, and the shape memory metal anchor The clip is inserted into the anchor hole, the prestressed tendon 300 runs through the shape memory alloy helical cable 100, and the prestressed tendon 300 and the memory alloy helical cable 100 are connected through a shape memory alloy pipe joint 200. A bellows 500 is provided on one side of the prestressed tendon 300. The spiral tendon 600 is composed of multiple sets of shape memory alloy spiral cables 100. The shape memory alloy clamp 400 is connected with the anchor plate and the anchor backing plate 700 in the prestressed anchor. Used in conjunction, the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 is used in conjunction with the prestressed tendons 300 and the shape memory alloy helical cable 100 .
实施方法：将形状记忆金属锚固夹片用相变点-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备而成，在预应力筋300张拉完成进行紧固操作前，将形状记忆金属锚固夹片通过干冰或液氮浸泡的方式进行充分冷却致使夹片达到正常锚固夹片大小，随后立即将夹片插入锚固孔中，温度回升后产生不可逆转的变形，夹片将预应力筋300固紧，形状记忆合金管接头200用相变点-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备，形状记忆合金管接头200内径比被接管外径小4%~5%，管内壁并刻有螺纹，形状记忆合金管接头200由低温升高使形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100与预应力筋300紧密连接，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100由7组2.5mm的CuZnAl合金丝102制成一束，进而加工为一根形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100两端均带有弯钩101，弯钩101用于与形状记忆合金管接头200相连，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100直径大于预应力筋300外径，且预应力筋300从形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100中穿过，并通过形状记忆合金管接头200将预应力筋300和形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100相连，形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100初始状态为一压缩状态，当预应力筋300由于出现预应力损失时，可通过对预应力筋300通特定直流电的方式致使其伸长已补充已经损失的预应力。Implementation method: The shape-memory metal anchoring clip is prepared with a TiNiFe alloy with a phase transition point of -150°C, and the shape-memory metal anchoring clip is passed through dry ice or liquid nitrogen before the fastening operation is completed after 300 stretches of the prestressed tendon. The method of soaking is fully cooled so that the clip reaches the size of the normal anchor clip, and then the clip is inserted into the anchor hole immediately, and irreversible deformation occurs after the temperature rises, and the clip tightens the prestressed tendon 300, and the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 is made of TiNiFe alloy with a phase transition point of -150°C. The inner diameter of the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 is 4% to 5% smaller than the outer diameter of the connected pipe. The inner wall of the pipe is engraved with threads. The shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 is closely connected with the prestressed rib 300. The shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 is made into a bundle of 7 groups of 2.5mm CuZnAl alloy wires 102, and then processed into a shape memory alloy spiral cable. The cable 100, the shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 has a hook 101 at both ends, the hook 101 is used to connect with the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200, the diameter of the shape memory alloy spiral cable 100 is larger than the outer diameter of the prestressing tendon 300 , and the prestressed tendons 300 pass through the shape memory alloy helical cable 100, and the prestressed tendons 300 and the shape memory alloy helical cable 100 are connected through the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200, the shape memory alloy helical cable The initial state of 100 is a compressed state. When the prestressed tendon 300 is lost due to prestressed force, the prestressed tendon 300 can be elongated to supplement the lost prestressed force by passing a specific direct current to the prestressed tendon 300.
需要说明的是，一种基于形状记忆合金的新型预应力拉索结构，在工作时，采用-150℃的TiNiFe合金制备形状记忆合金夹具400、形状记忆合金管接头200及形状记忆合金螺旋状拉索100，可有效降低预应力的损失，提高了结构的跨越能力，改善了结构的力学性能、抗裂性能与耐久性，使体内预应力钢筋则有利于结构运营期间的维修，提高了结构的使用寿命，通过后期对SMA锚索构件温度的变化来降低锚索结构的预应力损失问题，该方法可以极大的降低锚索结构的预应力损失问题，进而可实现混凝土预应力桥梁及斜拉桥结构性能、结构设计与施工方式上的全方位优化。It should be noted that, for a new type of prestressed cable structure based on shape memory alloy, the shape memory alloy clamp 400, the shape memory alloy pipe joint 200 and the shape memory alloy helical pulley are prepared by using TiNiFe alloy at -150°C during operation. The cable 100 can effectively reduce the loss of prestress, improve the spanning capacity of the structure, improve the mechanical properties, crack resistance and durability of the structure, make the prestressed steel bars in the body beneficial to the maintenance of the structure during operation, and improve the structural stability. Service life, by changing the temperature of the SMA anchor cable components in the later stage to reduce the prestress loss of the anchor cable structure, this method can greatly reduce the prestress loss of the anchor cable structure, and then realize the concrete prestressed bridge and cable-stayed All-round optimization of bridge structural performance, structural design and construction methods.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
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| CN115897569A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-04-04 | 成都理工大学 | Recoverable prestressed anchor cable assembly based on nickel-titanium memory alloy |
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