CN110388197B - Hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device and fracturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device and a fracturing method. The fracturing device comprises: a cylindrical body extending in the axial direction, a nozzle capable of communicating with the inner cavity and the outside is arranged on the side wall of the fracturing device; a sleeve The first sliding sleeve set in the body has a first position for closing the nozzle and a second position for opening the nozzle. The sliding sleeve can slide axially along the inner wall of the body to switch positions; it is fixedly connected to the first sliding sleeve The docking device has a limit part at one end away from the first sliding sleeve, and the limit part has a first state and a second state; when the limit part is in the second state, it can be blocked by a seal; The second sliding sleeve, when the first sliding sleeve switches positions, can drive the second sliding sleeve of the adjacent fracturing device to slide so that the limiting portion is switched from the first state to the second state. The fracturing device and the fracturing method can realize infinite-stage fracturing, the fracturing device has a simple structure and is convenient to operate, and can realize one trip of the pipe string operation, fixed-point fracturing, and high fracturing operation efficiency.

Description

Hydraulic jet infinite stage fracturing device and fracturing method

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of oil and gas field fracturing, and in particular, to a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device and a fracturing method.

Background technique

With the rapid economic development, the development of conventional natural gas resources can no longer meet the needs of economic development. Unconventional natural gas resources have become the object of exploitation due to their huge reserves, concentrated distribution, and increasingly advanced development technology. Realizing the industrialized exploitation of unconventional natural gas will be of great significance to ease the energy supply situation and ensure national energy security.

Hydraulic fracturing technology is a necessary means to efficiently develop unconventional natural gas and maintain its economical extraction. Among them, the hydraulic jet staged fracturing technology integrates hydraulic sandblasting, perforation, fracturing, and isolation, and can achieve a single trip to fracturing multiple layers at a fixed point without mechanical isolation. It is difficult to realize staged fracturing by conventional isolation, such as casing changing wells and poor cementing quality, which provides a feasible technical means and can save the perforation cost of new wells. One of the hot spots. However, this technology can only complete a limited number of fracturing operations and cannot meet the needs of large-scale fracturing operations.

In order to efficiently develop unconventional natural gas, foreign companies have developed infinitely staged hydraulic fracturing systems with their own characteristics. The existing infinite stage hydraulic fracturing systems mainly include: Multistage Unlimited fracturing system, ZoneSelect Monobore fracturing system, TAP fracturing system and OptiPort fracturing system.

(1) Multistage Unlimited fracturing system

The Multistage Unlimited fracturing system, developed by NCS, is driven by coiled tubing and consists of a fracturing-isolation system consisting of re-seat packers, switchable fracturing sleeves, and hydraulic sandblasting perforators. . However, due to the use of coiled tubing, it is not suitable for deeper formations. At the same time, the use of coiled tubing for infinite-stage fracturing must be done with casing. These problems restrict the application and development of this technology.

(2) ZoneSelectMonobore fracturing system

Weatherford's ZoneSelectMonobore fracturing system is mainly composed of casing sliding sleeves and coiled tubing switching tools. Use the coiled tubing to run the matching switch tool into the installation position of the sliding sleeve in the well, and open the pump to circulate through the wellhead, the tool generates a throttling pressure difference, and the lock block of the switch tool is exposed, which is matched and locked with the shoulder of the inner sliding sleeve. The pipe string opens and closes the sliding sleeve. After the pump is stopped, the lock block is retracted, the switch tool is separated from the inner sliding sleeve, and the pipe string can be lifted out. However, this technology needs to be intervened from the completion stage, the process is complicated, and the cycle is long, so it is not suitable for oil and gas wells that have been completed.

(3)TAP fracturing system

Schlumberger's TAP fracturing system mainly includes: setting sub joint on pre-casing string and ELEMENTAL dissolvable split ball seat. The split ball seat is composed of 4 lobes, which are connected and supported by a special support frame, and connected with the feeding and setting tool. However, this system also has the problem that the TAP valve has strict requirements on the inclination angle and reservoir thickness, and also has high requirements on the dissolution rate of metal balls.

(4) OptiPort fracturing system

BJ's OptiPort fracturing system mainly includes: casing sliding sleeve and downhole combination tool (BHA). The sliding sleeve adopts the hydraulic opening method, a liquid cylinder is formed between the outer casing and the main body, and the inner sliding sleeve slides under the driving of hydraulic pressure to open the sliding sleeve. BHA mainly includes coupling locator, choke valve, anchoring device and packer, which can realize the positioning and anchoring of fracturing pipe string and the annulus isolation between pipe string and casing. However, the system also has problems such as intervention in the completion stage and mechanical isolation.

To sum up, the existing infinite-stage fracturing tools generally have the problems of complex structure, multiple trips of the pipe string, and poor versatility.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device and a fracturing method, which can realize infinite-stage fracturing, and the fracturing device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. , without mechanical isolation, it can realize one trip of pipe string operation and fixed-point fracturing, integrating perforation, fracturing and isolation, and high fracturing operation efficiency.

To achieve the above object, the application adopts the following technical solutions:

A hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device, comprising:

a cylindrical body extending in the axial direction, a nozzle capable of communicating with the inner cavity of the body and the outside of the body is provided on the side wall of the body;

A first sliding sleeve sleeved in the body, the first sliding sleeve has a first position for closing the nozzle, and a second position for opening the nozzle, the first sliding sleeve can move along the the inner wall of the body slides axially to switch from the first position to the second position;

The butt joint fixedly connected with the first sliding sleeve, the end of the butt joint away from the first sliding sleeve is provided with a limiting portion, and the limiting portion has an expanded first state and a contracted second state; When the limiting portion is in the second state, it can be blocked by the sealing member;

a second sliding sleeve sleeved in the body, the second sliding sleeve can be driven by the first sliding sleeve of the adjacent fracturing device; the first sliding sleeve is switched from the first position to the second sliding sleeve When in the second position, the second sliding sleeve of the adjacent fracturing device can be driven to slide so that the limiting portion is switched from the first state to the second state.

As a preferred embodiment, the butt joint further includes a hollow cylindrical portion, one end of the cylindrical portion is fixedly connected with the first sliding sleeve, and the other end is connected with the limiting portion; the limiting portion is Elastic structure that can be contracted;

When the limiting portion is in the first state, the second sliding sleeve is located above the limiting portion, the limiting portion is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the seal can pass through the limiting portion;

When the limiting portion is in the second state, at least part of the second sliding sleeve is sleeved outside the limiting portion, and the limiting portion can be blocked by the seal.

As a preferred embodiment, one end of the limiting portion away from the cylindrical portion includes a plurality of circumferentially distributed claws, and one end of the claws away from the cylindrical portion is provided with a contact with the seal. When the limiting part is in the first state, the claws are opened; when the limiting part is in the second state, the claws are closed, and the limiting step can Contact with the seal forms a seal.

As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the body is provided with a first step portion and a second step portion, and the end of the first sliding sleeve away from the butt joint can abut on the first step portion, so One end of the second sliding sleeve close to the first sliding sleeve can abut on the second step portion;

The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion is equal to the outer diameter of the first sliding sleeve, and the outer diameter of the limiting portion shrunk into a cylindrical shape is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion and the inner diameter of the second sliding sleeve, The smallest diameter of the first stepped portion is smaller than the smallest diameter of the second stepped portion.

As a preferred embodiment, the first sliding sleeve is fixedly provided with a connecting piece at one end away from the butt joint. The hollow portion can correspond to the nozzle when the first sliding sleeve is located at the second position, so as to open the nozzle.

As a preferred embodiment, the fracturing device further includes a driving member disposed in the body, and the driving member can move the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve adjacent to the fracturing device connected;

The inner wall of the cylindrical portion of the butt joint is provided with a first threaded portion for connecting with the first sliding sleeve, and the outer wall of the connecting piece is provided with a second threaded portion for connecting with the first sliding sleeve; The two sliding sleeves are provided with a first mounting portion for mounting the driving member, and a second mounting portion for mounting the driving member is provided at one end of the connecting piece away from the butt joint.

As a preferred embodiment, the side walls of the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve are provided with shear pins fixedly connected with the main body in the circumferential direction; the outer wall of the first sliding sleeve and the main body are A first sealing ring is arranged between the inner walls, a second sealing ring is arranged between the outer wall of the second sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the main body; a nozzle for sealing the nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the main body Mounting holes and pin mounting holes for setting the shear pins.

As a preferred embodiment, one end of the sealing member is a solid cone, and the solid cone can block the limiting portion in the second state.

As a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device further includes a joint for connecting adjacent fracturing devices, the joint is hollow cylindrical, and one end of the joint can be connected to the butt joint. Limiter and the second sliding sleeve.

A fracturing method based on the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps:

Step a: Connect the multi-stage fracturing device and the oil pipe in series, the limit part of the first-stage fracturing device butt joint is in the second state of shrinkage, put the seal into the first-stage fracturing device, and put each stage of the fracturing device The first sliding sleeve is connected with the second sliding sleeve of the next-stage fracturing device;

Step b: run the assembled oil pipe and its connected multi-stage hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device into the casing of the formation requiring hydraulic jet fracturing;

Step c: pumping high-pressure fluid from the ground into the oil pipe, and the sealing member is sealed against the limit part of the fracturing device under the action of the fluid pressure;

Step d: Increase the ground displacement to make the first sliding sleeve leave the first position, slide down to the second position in the axial direction, open the nozzle, and the high-pressure fluid passes through the nozzle to form a high-speed jet; The second sliding sleeve slides down in the axial direction, so that the limiting part of the next-stage fracturing device is switched from the first state to the second state;

Step e: Start the hydraulic jet fracturing operation: firstly pump the injection hole fluid, carry out the casing window opening operation, and then pump in the fracturing fluid, at the same time control the annular pressure to be close to the formation fracture pressure, and the high-pressure jet will form a pressurization in the formation, compound Annular pressure realizes formation fracturing and completes jet fracturing;

Step f: After completing the hydraulic jet fracturing operation of this stage, put in the seal, and the limit part of the next-stage fracturing device is blocked by the seal;

Step g: start the jet fracturing operation of the next-stage hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device, repeat steps c to f to complete all hydraulic jet fracturing operations.

Beneficial effects:

1. The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device and fracturing method provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes the position switching of the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve by putting in the seal and controlling the fluid displacement, so as to open the nozzle infinitely , so as to achieve infinite fracturing. When the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device is in use, the multi-stage fracturing device is serially connected to the oil pipe in a structural form. The upper end of the first-stage fracturing device (that is, the fracturing device closest to the bottom of the well) is connected to the second-stage fracturing device, and the upper end of the uppermost-stage fracturing device (that is, the fracturing device closest to the wellhead) is connected to the tubing, Implement concatenation. The second sliding sleeve of the first-stage fracturing device is located at the position after axial sliding, that is, the limiting part is in the second state, so that the limiting part can be blocked by the seal; the second sliding sleeve of the remaining stage fracturing device They are all fixed in the body and do not slide axially, that is, the limiting part is in the first state, so that the seal can pass through smoothly. The seal of the first-stage fracturing device is put into the fracturing device. When the ground starts to pump fluid, the seal is set with the first-stage butt joint. At this time, the surface displacement is increased to increase the downhole pressure. Under the action, the first sliding sleeve disengages from the fixed position (ie, the first position), slides down to the second position in the axial direction, opens the nozzle and drives the second sliding sleeve of the second-stage fracturing device in the axial direction. By sliding down, the limiting part on the butt joint of the second-stage fracturing device is switched from the first state to the second state, which can be blocked by the sealing element. The high-pressure fluid enters the formation through the nozzle, realizes formation fracturing, and completes the jet fracturing there. After the fracturing is completed, the seal is put in again, and the seal is limited after reaching the second-stage fracturing device. At this time, by repeating the above steps of pumping fluid and increasing the displacement, the formation at the second-stage fracturing device can be realized. of fracturing. By analogy, multi-level fracturing of a pipe string can be realized in one trip, and then infinite hydraulic fracturing can be realized, and the operation time can be shortened, the hydraulic fracturing efficiency can be improved, and the labor intensity of workers can be reduced.

2. The fracturing device has a simple structure and good reliability. Since the driving member is located inside the fracturing device, the transmission in the pipe can be realized, and the sealing performance is better than that of the transmission outside the pipe.

3. The fracturing device and fracturing method are easy to operate and have high safety. Since the pipe string is not moved during the fracturing process, the safety factor is increased and the construction and operation are simple.

4. The fracturing method starts fracturing from the far end of the well, and in the process of multi-stage fracturing, the fracturing is guaranteed to be carried out in an orderly manner.

With reference to the following description and drawings, specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail, indicating the manner in which the principles of the present application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not thereby limited in scope.

Features described and/or illustrated for one embodiment may be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments, in combination with, or instead of features in other embodiments .

It should be emphasized that the term "comprising/comprising" when used herein refers to the presence of a feature, integer, step or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 2 is a rear view of the fracturing device shown in Fig. 1 when the second sliding sleeve is in a fixed position;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of A-A surface in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a rear view of the fracturing device shown in Fig. 1 after the second sliding sleeve is axially slid;

Fig. 5 is the sectional view of B-B surface in Fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first stage and the second stage when the fracturing device shown in FIG. 1 is connected in series;

FIG. 7 is a rear view of the first stage and the second stage when the fracturing device shown in FIG. 1 is connected in series;

Fig. 8 is the sectional view of C-C plane among Fig. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a body provided in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 10 is the rear view of Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the D-D plane in Figure 10;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of a first sliding sleeve provided in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 13 is the rear view of Fig. 12;

Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view of the E-E plane in Figure 13;

15 is a schematic structural diagram of a docking connector provided in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 16 is the rear view of Fig. 15;

Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of the F-F plane in Figure 16;

18 is a schematic structural diagram of a second sliding sleeve provided in an embodiment of the application;

Fig. 19 is the rear view of Fig. 18;

Figure 20 is a cross-sectional view of the G-G plane in Figure 19;

21 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector provided in an embodiment of the application;

Figure 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a joint provided in an embodiment of the application;

23 is a schematic structural diagram of a sealing member provided in an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 24 is a flow chart of steps of a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing method provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Description of reference numbers:

1. Main body; 11. The first step part; 12. The second step part; 2. The nozzle; 3. The first sliding sleeve; ; 42, cylindrical part; 5, the second sliding sleeve; 51, the first installation part; 6, the driving part; 7, the sealing part; 71, the cone; 8, the connecting part; 81, the hollow part; 83, the second installation Department; 9. Connector.

Detailed ways

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described The embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening another element may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or it may be intervening with the other element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for the purpose of illustration only and do not represent the only embodiment.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

For convenience of description, in this specification, the direction close to the wellhead is defined as "up", and the direction close to the bottom of the well is defined as "down". The fracturing devices in the embodiments of the present application can be connected in series to form a fracturing tool composed of multiple stages of the fracturing devices, and the number of stages of the fracturing tool can be set as required. For the convenience of description, the first-stage fracturing device closest to the bottom of the well is defined as the "first-stage fracturing device", the upper part of each stage of the fracturing device is the next-stage fracturing device, and the lower part of each stage of the fracturing device is the upper fracturing device Primary fracturing unit.

In order to meet the needs of the development of unconventional oil and gas resources and overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the inventor proposed a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing of the present invention based on years of experience in hydraulic fracturing construction and fracturing tool research and development. A device and a fracturing method are provided to overcome the defects of the prior art.

See Figures 1 to 5. An embodiment of the present application provides an infinite-stage hydraulic fracturing device, which includes: a main body 1 , a first sliding sleeve 3 , a second sliding sleeve 5 , a butt 4 , and a seal 7 .

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 9 to FIG. 11 , the body 1 extends in the axial direction and is cylindrical. Adjacent fracturing devices can be directly connected through the body 1, or a joint 9 as shown in FIG. 22 can be provided between the bodies 1 to achieve the connection. The connection method can be threaded connection, which is more reliable and convenient. Of course, other feasible connection methods, such as snap connection, can also be selected, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

The side wall of the main body 1 is provided with a nozzle 2 which can communicate with the inner cavity of the main body 1 and the outside. A nozzle mounting hole for sealing the nozzle 2 may also be provided on the side wall of the main body 1 . The inner cavity of the body 1 can accommodate components such as the first sliding sleeve 3 , the second sliding sleeve 5 , the butt joint 4 , the sealing member 7 , etc., and can provide a flow path for the fluid pumped on the ground. When the nozzle 2 is opened, high-pressure fluid can be injected from the nozzle 2 to enter the formation to realize formation fracturing and complete the injection fracturing there.

The opening of the nozzle 2 can be achieved by the axial movement of the first sliding sleeve 3 . Specifically, the first sliding sleeve 3 is sealed in the body 1 and has a first position for closing the nozzle 2 and a second position for opening the nozzle 2 . The first sliding sleeve 3 can slide axially along the inner wall of the body 1 to switch from the first position to the second position. When applied downhole, the axial movement direction of the first sliding sleeve 3 is downward. The structure of a first sliding sleeve 3 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the first sliding sleeve 3 is fixedly provided with a connecting member 8 as shown in FIG. 21 at the upper end thereof. The connecting piece 8 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and the side wall of the connecting piece 8 is provided with a hollow portion 81 . Correspondingly, the nozzle 2 is opened.

In the embodiment of the present application, the docking device 4 is fixedly connected to the first sliding sleeve 3 , and the end (ie, the lower end) of the docking device 4 away from the first sliding sleeve 3 is provided with a limiting portion 41 . The limiting portion 41 has a first state of expansion and a second state of contraction. When the limiting portion 41 is in the second state, it can be blocked by the sealing member 7 . The second sliding sleeve 5 is sealingly sleeved in the body 1 . The second sliding sleeve 5 can be axially fixed, and can be driven by the first sliding sleeve 3 of the adjacent fracturing device to slide axially along the inner wall of the main body 1 . The structure of a second sliding sleeve 5 provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIGS. 18 to 20 . When the first sliding sleeve 3 is switched from the first position to the second position, the second sliding sleeve 5 of the adjacent fracturing device can be driven to slide so that the limiting portion 41 can be changed from the first state switch to the second state.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 15 to FIG. 17 , the butt joint 4 includes a hollow cylindrical portion 42 at its upper end and a limiting portion 41 at its lower end. The upper end of the cylindrical portion 42 is fixedly connected with the first sliding sleeve 3 , and the lower end is connected with the limiting portion 41 . The limiting portion 41 is a retractable elastic structure.

When the limiting portion 41 is in the first state, the second sliding sleeve 5 is located above the limiting portion 41 and not located on the outer wall of the limiting portion 41 . For example, the second sliding sleeve 5 can be axially fixed to the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 42 . Or as shown in FIG. 3 , the second sliding sleeve 5 is axially fixed to the cylindrical portion 42 and the outer wall of the first sliding sleeve 3 . At this time, the limiting portion 41 is in the shape of a truncated cone, so that the sealing member 7 can pass through the limiting portion 41 .

When the limiting portion 41 is in the second state, at least part of the second sliding sleeve 5 is sleeved on the outer wall of the limiting portion 41 . As shown in FIG. 5 , part of the second sliding sleeve 5 is located on the outer wall of the limiting portion 41 , and the rest is located on the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 42 . At this time, the limiting portion 41 is cylindrical, so that the limiting portion 41 can be blocked by the sealing member 7 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the lower end of the limiting portion 41 includes a plurality of claws 411 distributed in the circumferential direction. The lower end of the jaw 411 is provided with a limit step 412 that can be in contact with the sealing member 7 . When the limiting portion 41 is in the first state, the claws 411 are opened; when the limiting portion 41 is in the second state, the claws 411 are closed, and the limiting step 412 can Contact with the seal 7 forms a seal.

In the embodiment of the present application, in order to limit the position of the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 , the inner wall of the main body 1 is provided with a first step portion 11 and a second step portion 12 . The upper end of the first sliding sleeve 3 can abut on the first step portion 11 , and the upper end of the second sliding sleeve 5 can abut on the second step portion 12 .

Specifically, the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 42 may be equal to the outer diameter of the first sliding sleeve 3 . The outer diameter of the limiting portion 41 is contracted to be equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 42 and the inner diameter of the second sliding sleeve 5 , so as to ensure that the second sliding sleeve 5 can slide smoothly. In order to further ensure the smooth sliding of the second sliding sleeve 5 , the inner diameter of the second sliding sleeve 5 can be equal to the outer diameter of the first sliding sleeve 3 , so the minimum diameter of the first step portion 11 is smaller than the minimum diameter of the second step portion 12 . diameter.

In the embodiment of the present application, in order to realize that the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 can be fixed in the main body 1, in addition to the above-mentioned first step portion 11 and the second step portion 12 for limiting the position, the The side walls of the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 are provided with shear pins fixedly connected with the main body 1 along the circumferential direction. The side wall of the main body 1 is provided with pin installation holes for arranging the shear pins. A first sealing ring is arranged between the outer wall of the first sliding sleeve 3 and the inner wall of the main body 1 , and a second sealing ring is arranged between the outer wall of the second sliding sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the main body 1 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the fracturing device may further include a driving member 6 provided in the main body 1 . The driving member 6 can connect the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 of the adjacent fracturing device, so as to realize the downward sliding of the first sliding sleeve 3 of the current fracturing device to drive the next sliding sleeve. The second sliding sleeve 5 of the stage fracturing device slides down. In order to realize the transmission in the pipe, the driving member 6 is arranged inside the main body 1 of the fracturing device. Compared with the fracturing device driven outside the pipe, the fracturing device of the embodiment of the present application has better sealing performance. The lower end of the limiting portion 41 is provided with a first mounting portion 51 for mounting the driving member 6; the upper end of the connecting member 8 is provided with a second mounting portion 83 for mounting the driving member 6.

In a specific embodiment, the driving member 6 may be a steel wire rope to ensure reliable driving performance. One end of the wire rope is fixed by the second mounting part 83 on the connecting piece 8 of the fracturing device of the current stage, and the other end is fixed by the first mounting part 51 at the lower end of the second sliding sleeve 5 of the fracturing device of the next stage.

In the embodiment of the present application, the connection method of each component is as follows. The inner wall of the cylindrical portion 42 of the abutment 4 is provided with a first threaded portion for connecting with the lower end of the first sliding sleeve 3 . The outer wall of the connecting piece 8 is provided with a second threaded portion for connecting with the upper end of the first sliding sleeve 3 . The lower end of the first sliding sleeve 3 is provided with an external thread matched with the first threaded portion, and the upper end of the first sliding sleeve 3 is provided with an internal thread matched with the second threaded portion. The main body 1 of the upper and lower fracturing devices is connected by a screw thread through a joint 9 . The joint 9 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and one end of the joint 9 can limit the position of the limiter 41 of the docking device 4 and the second sliding sleeve 5 after axial sliding, and then the first sliding sleeve 3 after sliding. Limit.

Specifically, the first step portion 11 and the second step portion 12 form a limit for the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 when the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 are fixed. Once the shear pin of the first sliding sleeve 3 of the current stage fracturing device is broken, the first sliding sleeve 3 and the butt joint 4 slide downward until the joint that touches the current stage fracturing device stops sliding. When the first sliding sleeve 3 slides downward, it will drive the second sliding sleeve 5 of the next stage to break free from the shearing pin and move downward, so that the limiting part 41 of the docking device 4 of the next stage is contracted into a cylindrical shape, and the second sliding sleeve 5 breaks away from the shearing pin and moves downward, so that the limiting part 41 of the docking device 4 of the next stage is contracted into a cylindrical shape. The sleeve 5 can be limited by the upper end of the joint 9 of the upper stage.

In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 23 , the lower part of the sealing member 7 is a solid cone 71 so as to be in contact with the limiting portion 41 in the second state and block the limiting portion in the second state. part 41, with better sealing performance. The upper part of the sealing member 7 can be in the shape of a solid cylinder, the lower part is in the shape of a solid cone, and the outer diameter of the lower part does not exceed the outer diameter of the upper part.

The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device provided by the embodiment of the present application realizes the position switching of the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5 by putting in the seal 7 and controlling the fluid displacement, so as to open the nozzle 2 infinitely, thereby Realize infinite fracturing.

When the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device is in use, the multi-stage fracturing device is serially connected to the oil pipe in a structural form. The first-stage fracturing device (that is, the fracturing device closest to the bottom of the well) is at the bottom end, and the upper end of the fracturing device is connected to the second-stage fracturing device. The upper end is connected with the oil pipe to realize serial connection. Figures 6 to 8 are schematic structural diagrams when the first-stage and second-stage fracturing devices are connected in series.

The second sliding sleeve 5 of the first-stage fracturing device is located at the position after axial sliding, that is, its limiting portion 41 is in the second state, so that the limiting portion 41 can be blocked by the seal 7; the remaining stages of the fracturing device The second sliding sleeves 5 are all fixed in the body and do not slide axially, that is, the limiting parts 41 of the remaining stage fracturing devices are in the first state, so that the seals 7 can pass through smoothly.

The seal 7 of the first-stage fracturing device is put into the fracturing device. When the ground starts to pump fluid, the seal 7 is set with the first-stage butt joint 4. At this time, the surface displacement is increased to increase the downhole pressure. Under the action of high pressure, the first sliding sleeve 3 disengages from the fixed position (ie the first position), slides down to the second position in the axial direction, opens the nozzle 2 and drives the second sliding sleeve of the second-stage fracturing device at the same time. The sleeve 5 slides down in the axial direction, so that the limiting part 41 on the butt 4 of the second-stage fracturing device is switched from the first state to the second state, and can be blocked by the sealing member 7 . The high-pressure fluid enters the formation through the nozzle 2 to realize formation fracturing and complete the jet fracturing there.

After the fracturing is completed, the sealing element 7 is put in again, and the sealing element 7 is limited after reaching the second-stage fracturing device. At this time, the above steps of pumping the fluid and increasing the displacement are repeated, and the second-stage fracturing device can be realized. Fracturing of the ground. By analogy, multi-level fracturing of a pipe string can be realized in one trip, and then infinite hydraulic fracturing can be realized, and the operation time can be shortened, the hydraulic fracturing efficiency can be improved, and the labor intensity of workers can be reduced.

The fracturing device has a simple structure and good reliability. Since the driving member 6 is located inside the fracturing device, the transmission in the pipe can be realized, which has better sealing performance than the transmission outside the pipe. The fracturing device and the fracturing method are easy to operate and have high safety. Since the pipe string is not moved during the fracturing process, the safety factor is increased and the construction and operation are simple. The fracturing method starts fracturing from the far end of the well, and in the process of multi-stage fracturing, the fracturing is guaranteed to be carried out in an orderly manner.

Referring to FIG. 24 , in the embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device, a corresponding hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing method is also provided. Specifically, the fracturing method may include the following steps:

Step a: Connect the multi-stage fracturing device and the oil pipe in series, the limit part of the first-stage fracturing device butt joint is in the second state of shrinkage, put the seal into the first-stage fracturing device, and put each stage of the fracturing device The first sliding sleeve is connected with the second sliding sleeve of the next-stage fracturing device;

Step b: run the assembled oil pipe and its connected multi-stage hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device into the casing of the formation requiring hydraulic jet fracturing;

Step c: pumping high-pressure fluid from the ground into the oil pipe, and the sealing member is sealed against the limit part of the fracturing device under the action of the fluid pressure;

Step d: Increase the ground displacement to make the first sliding sleeve leave the first position, slide down to the second position in the axial direction, open the nozzle, and the high-pressure fluid passes through the nozzle to form a high-speed jet; The second sliding sleeve slides down in the axial direction, so that the limiting part of the next-stage fracturing device is switched from the first state to the second state;

Step e: Start the hydraulic jet fracturing operation: firstly pump the injection hole fluid, carry out the casing window opening operation, and then pump in the fracturing fluid, at the same time control the annular pressure to be close to the formation fracture pressure, and the high-pressure jet will form a pressurization in the formation, compound Annular pressure realizes formation fracturing and completes jet fracturing;

Step f: After completing the hydraulic jet fracturing operation of this stage, put in the seal, and the limit part of the next-stage fracturing device is blocked by the seal;

Step g: start the jet fracturing operation of the next-stage hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device, repeat steps c to f to complete all hydraulic jet fracturing operations.

In step a, the first-stage fracturing device (that is, the fracturing device closest to the bottom of the well) is the bottommost end, the upper end of which is connected to the second-stage fracturing device, and the uppermost fracturing device (that is, the fracturing device closest to the wellhead) The upper end of the fracturing device) is connected with the oil pipe to realize serial connection. The second sliding sleeve 5 of the first-stage fracturing device is located at the position after axial sliding, that is, the limiting portion 41 thereof is in the second state, so that the limiting portion 41 can be blocked by the sealing member 7 . The second sliding sleeves 5 of the other stages of fracturing devices are all fixed in the body 1 and do not slide axially, that is, the limiting parts 41 of the remaining stages of fracturing devices are in the first state, enabling the seals 7 to pass through smoothly. The seal 7 of the first stage fracturing unit is put into the fracturing unit.

In step c, the high-pressure fluid is a pure fluid, the fluid is a commonly used fluid in the perforation preparation stage, and the upper limit of the pressure range is the pressure that reaches the casing opening.

In step d, the ground displacement is increased instantaneously to increase the pressure of the oil pipe. Under the action of high pressure, the axial force on the first sliding sleeve 3 is greater than the allowable shear force of the shear pin, and the shear pin After being cut off, the combined body composed of the first sliding sleeve 3 and the second sliding sleeve 5, the docking device 4, the driving part 6, the sealing part 7 and the connecting part 8 moves downward rapidly, and the hollow part 81 of the connecting part 8 is connected to the side of the main body 1. The nozzles 2 of the wall overlap, so that the high-pressure fluid passes through the nozzles 2 to form a high-speed jet, and the driving member 6 pulls the second sliding sleeve 5 of the next-stage fracturing device to slide down in the axial direction, so that the docking device 4 of the second-stage fracturing device The upper limiting portion 41 is switched from the first state to the second state, and can be blocked by the sealing member 7 .

In step e, the perforating fluid is a mixed fluid, which is formed by mixing abrasives in the fluid, and the perforating fluid is evenly mixed by a ground pump truck and then pumped into the oil pipe. The fracturing fluid is generally a pure liquid. Specifically, it can be determined whether the jet fracturing work is completed by monitoring the casing pressure.

In this embodiment, the method embodiment corresponds to the device embodiment, which can realize the technical problem solved by the device embodiment, and correspondingly achieve the technical effect of the device embodiment.

It should be noted that the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing method can be implemented by, but not limited to, the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device in any of the above-mentioned embodiments or examples. It should be understood that without departing from the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing method Any changes made in the context of the essence provided by the stage fracturing method are covered within the scope of protection of this application.

It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for the purpose of description and to distinguish similar objects, and there is no sequence between the two, nor can they be understood as indicating or imply relative importance. Also, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, components, components or steps that do not materially affect the essential novel characteristics of the combination. Use of the terms "comprising" or "comprising" to describe combinations of elements, ingredients, components or steps herein also contemplates embodiments consisting essentially of those elements, ingredients, components or steps. By use of the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that "may" include any described attributes that are optional.

A plurality of elements, components, components or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, component or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, component or step may be divided into separate multiple elements, components, components or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" used to describe an element, ingredient, part or step is not intended to exclude other elements, ingredients, parts or steps.

It should be understood that the above description is for purposes of illustration and not limitation. From reading the above description, many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of being comprehensive.

Claims (10)

1. a hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device, characterized in that, comprising: a cylindrical body extending in the axial direction, a nozzle capable of communicating with the inner cavity of the body and the outside of the body is provided on the side wall of the body; A first sliding sleeve sleeved in the body, the first sliding sleeve has a first position for closing the nozzle, and a second position for opening the nozzle, the first sliding sleeve can move along the the inner wall of the body slides axially to switch from the first position to the second position; The butt joint fixedly connected with the first sliding sleeve, the end of the butt joint away from the first sliding sleeve is provided with a limiting portion, and the limiting portion has an expanded first state and a contracted second state; When the limiting portion is in the second state, it can be blocked by the sealing member; a second sliding sleeve sleeved in the body, the second sliding sleeve can be driven by the first sliding sleeve of the adjacent fracturing device; the first sliding sleeve is switched from the first position to the second sliding sleeve In the second position, the second sliding sleeve of the adjacent fracturing device can be driven to slide so that the limiting part of the adjacent fracturing device is switched from the first state to the second state. 2 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 1 , wherein the butt joint further comprises a hollow cylindrical portion, one end of the cylindrical portion is fixedly connected with the first sliding sleeve, and the other end is connected with the first sliding sleeve. 3 . the limiting parts are connected; the limiting parts are elastic structures that can be contracted; When the limiting portion is in the first state, the second sliding sleeve is located above the limiting portion, the limiting portion is in the shape of a truncated cone, and the seal can pass through the limiting portion; When the limiting portion is in the second state, at least part of the second sliding sleeve is sleeved outside the limiting portion, and the limiting portion can be blocked by the seal. 3 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 2 , wherein one end of the limiting portion away from the cylindrical portion comprises a plurality of circumferentially distributed claws, and the claws are far away from the One end of the cylindrical portion is provided with a limit step that can be in contact with the sealing member; when the limit portion is in the first state, the claws are opened; the limit portion is in the second state , the clamping claw is closed, and the limiting step can be in contact with the sealing member to form a block. 4 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 2 , wherein the inner wall of the main body is provided with a first step portion and a second step portion, and the first sliding sleeve is away from the end of the butt joint. 5 . can abut on the first step part, and one end of the second sliding sleeve close to the first sliding sleeve can abut on the second step part; The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion is equal to the outer diameter of the first sliding sleeve, and the outer diameter of the limiting portion shrunk into a cylindrical shape is equal to the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion and the inner diameter of the second sliding sleeve, The smallest diameter of the first stepped portion is smaller than the smallest diameter of the second stepped portion. 5 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 2 , wherein the first sliding sleeve is fixedly provided with a connecting piece at one end away from the butt joint, and the connecting piece is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, 6 . A hollow portion is provided on the side wall of the connecting piece, and the hollow portion can correspond to the nozzle when the first sliding sleeve is in the second position, so as to open the nozzle. 6. The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the fracturing device further comprises a driving member arranged in the body, and the driving member can The first sliding sleeve is connected with the second sliding sleeve of the fracturing device adjacent to the fracturing device; The inner wall of the cylindrical portion of the butt joint is provided with a first threaded portion for connecting with the first sliding sleeve, and the outer wall of the connecting piece is provided with a second threaded portion for connecting with the first sliding sleeve; The two sliding sleeves are provided with a first mounting portion for mounting the driving member, and a second mounting portion for mounting the driving member is provided at one end of the connecting piece away from the butt joint. 7 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 1 , wherein a shear pin fixedly connected to the main body is provided on the side walls of the first sliding sleeve and the second sliding sleeve along the circumferential direction; 8 . A first sealing ring is arranged between the outer wall of the first sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the main body, and a second sealing ring is arranged between the outer wall of the second sliding sleeve and the inner wall of the main body; The side wall is provided with a nozzle installation hole for sealingly arranging the nozzle and a pin installation hole for arranging the shear pin. 8 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 1 , wherein one end of the sealing member is a solid cone, and the solid cone can block the limiting portion in the second state. 9 . 9 . The hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device according to claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic-jet infinite-stage fracturing device further comprises a joint for connecting the adjacent fracturing devices, and the joint is hollow. 10 . cylindrical, and one end of the joint can limit the position of the butt joint and the second sliding sleeve. 10. A fracturing method based on the hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step a: Connect the multi-stage fracturing device and the oil pipe in series, the limit part of the first-stage fracturing device butt joint is in the second state of shrinkage, put the seal into the first-stage fracturing device, and put each stage of the fracturing device The first sliding sleeve is connected with the second sliding sleeve of the next-stage fracturing device; Step b: run the assembled oil pipe and its connected multi-stage hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device into the casing of the formation requiring hydraulic jet fracturing; Step c: pumping high-pressure fluid from the ground into the oil pipe, and the sealing member is sealed against the limit part of the fracturing device under the action of the fluid pressure; Step d: Increase the ground displacement to make the first sliding sleeve leave the first position, slide down to the second position in the axial direction, open the nozzle, and the high-pressure fluid passes through the nozzle to form a high-speed jet; The second sliding sleeve slides down in the axial direction, so that the limiting part of the next-stage fracturing device is switched from the first state to the second state; Step e: Start the hydraulic jet fracturing operation: firstly pump the injection hole fluid, carry out the casing window opening operation, and then pump in the fracturing fluid, at the same time control the annular pressure to be close to the formation fracture pressure, and the high-pressure jet will form a pressurization in the formation, compound Annular pressure realizes formation fracturing and completes jet fracturing; Step f: After the hydraulic jet fracturing operation of this stage is completed, the seal is put in, and the limit part of the next-stage fracturing device is blocked by the seal; Step g: Start the jet fracturing operation of the next-stage hydraulic jet infinite-stage fracturing device, and repeat steps c to f to complete all the hydraulic jet fracturing operations.

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