CN110455652B - Push rod compression-resistant test platform and test method - Google Patents
Push rod compression-resistant test platform and test method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种推杆抗压测试平台，包括平台底座、固定于平台底座上的推杆固定机构及荷载传递机构；所述推杆固定机构上转动连接有推杆，所述推杆远离推杆固定机构的末端转动连接在荷载传递机构上；所述推杆固定机构与荷载传递机构相互配合实现对推杆两连接端的荷载施加。当光伏跟踪支架用推杆驱动时，用该测试平台可以测试推杆在静荷载下的最大承载力；也可以测试推杆在动荷载下的疲劳寿命次数。同时，本发明还提供了利用上述测试平台进行静荷载和动荷载的具体测试方法，利用杠杆放大原理及升降台，使测试贴近实际应用工况，测试结果准确性高。
The present invention discloses a push rod compression test platform, including a platform base, a push rod fixing mechanism fixed on the platform base, and a load transfer mechanism; a push rod is rotatably connected to the push rod fixing mechanism, and the end of the push rod away from the push rod fixing mechanism is rotatably connected to the load transfer mechanism; the push rod fixing mechanism and the load transfer mechanism cooperate with each other to realize the load application to the two connecting ends of the push rod. When the photovoltaic tracking bracket is driven by the push rod, the maximum bearing capacity of the push rod under static load can be tested by the test platform; the fatigue life number of the push rod under dynamic load can also be tested. At the same time, the present invention also provides a specific test method for static load and dynamic load using the above-mentioned test platform, and uses the lever amplification principle and a lifting platform to make the test close to the actual application conditions, and the test results are highly accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of testing devices, and particularly relates to a push rod compression-resistant testing platform and a testing method.
Background
In the photovoltaic tracking bracket system, common driving devices comprise rotary driving devices, linear push rod driving devices and the like, and as the push rod driving devices have the advantages of convenient installation, low cost and convenient maintenance compared with the rotary driving devices, the design of the push rod driving devices adopted in the current tracking bracket system is more and more, and the stability and reliability test of the push rod devices are indispensable.
The push rods used in tracking brackets require a significant holding force, often requiring a weight of several tons. The push rod is a slender rod, and the damage of the push rod is often buckling instability or fatigue failure when compression resistance occurs, which is a problem not considered in the existing compression resistance testing means, so that the accuracy of compression resistance results of conventional tests is not high and is not close to the actual application condition. Because the bending Qu Shiwen is always damaged before the static strength when the two ends of the rod are pressed, a test platform and a test method for the compression test of the push rod under a certain length extension, which are simple and practical, accurate in measurement and high in reliability, are needed by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a push rod compression-resistant testing platform, which can be used for testing the maximum bearing capacity of a push rod under static load when the push rod is used for driving a photovoltaic tracking bracket, and can be used for testing the fatigue life times of the push rod under dynamic load, and simultaneously provides a specific testing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a push rod compression-resistant test platform, which adopts the following technical scheme:
A push rod compression test platform comprises a platform base, a push rod fixing mechanism and a load transmission mechanism, wherein the push rod fixing mechanism and the load transmission mechanism are fixed on the platform base;
The push rod fixing mechanism is rotationally connected with a push rod, the tail end of the push rod, which is far away from the push rod fixing mechanism, is rotationally connected with the load transmission mechanism, and the push rod fixing mechanism and the load transmission mechanism are mutually matched to realize load application to two connecting ends of the push rod.
Preferably, the push rod fixing mechanism comprises push rod fixing upright posts oppositely arranged on the platform base and push rod fixing cross beams fixed between the push rod fixing upright posts and used for fixing push rods.
Further, the push rod fixing cross beam is fixed between the fixing upright posts which are oppositely arranged in a height-adjustable mode.
Further, a plurality of rows of pore plates are oppositely arranged on the push rod fixing upright post, the push rod fixing cross beam is fixed on any row of pore plates through bolts so as to adjust the extension length of the fixed push rod, namely the length between two fixedly connected ends of the push rod, and/or,
The push rod fixing cross beam is hinged with the push rod.
Preferably, the load transmission mechanism is a lever amplification mechanism and comprises an L-shaped platform upright post and a lever arm, wherein the platform upright post is relatively fixed on a platform base, and the platform upright post is connected with the lever arm through a platform main beam;
the lever arm is fixedly connected with the platform girder into a whole, and the platform girder is relatively and rotatably connected to the platform upright post;
the tail end of the push rod far away from the push rod fixing mechanism is rotationally connected to the lever arm.
Further, the load transmission mechanism further comprises a force detection device;
The end of the push rod is rotatably connected to a force detection device, and the force detection device is fixed on the lever arm.
Furthermore, a lifting table for applying dynamic load impact to the push rod is further arranged on the lower side of the platform base corresponding to the weight.
Further, the two ends of the platform girder are rotatably sleeved in bearings, and the bearings are fixedly connected with the platform upright post into a whole, so that the lever arm can rotate along with the platform girder relative to the platform upright post, and the platform girder can be used as a rotating fulcrum B.
Further, the bearing is fixed on the top seat of the platform upright post through a bearing seat.
Further, the tail end of the lever arm is hinged with a hanging rope for connecting a weight;
The lever arm comprises a plurality of test beams which are relatively and vertically fixed on the main beam of the platform, and a first fixed beam used for connecting a hanging rope at the tail end and a second fixed beam used for connecting the tail end of the push rod are respectively arranged on the test beams.
The invention also provides a push rod compression test method, which is used for testing whether the dead load of the push rod fails under the action of the pressure F, and comprises the following steps:
s1, fixedly connecting a push rod to be tested between a push rod fixing mechanism and a load transmission mechanism, wherein the extension length of the push rod is X according to a required test working condition;
S2, applying load to the push rod by a weight with the gravity of G in the load transmission mechanism;
s3, calculating the load born by the push rod according to moment balance:
The rotation connection point of the suspension rope and the lever arm is used as a weight fulcrum A;
the connecting piece platform main beam of the platform upright post and the lever arm is used as a rotating fulcrum B;
the rotating connection of the push rod and the load transmission mechanism is used as a push rod fulcrum O;
The distance from the push rod pivot point O to the rotating pivot point B is L, the distance from the weight to the rotating pivot point B is L which is N times, under the action of gravity G, the push rod only receives a pair of opposite pressure forces F along the push rod direction, and the following steps are obtained:
F*L=G*N*L; (1)
Get F=G+N; (2)
I.e. the pressure F received by the push rod fulcrum O is N times of the weight G;
and S4, when the push rod extends for X length, under the static load of the pressure F=G×N, whether the push rod fails or not is measured, and the gravity G is continuously adjusted until the maximum static load during failure is measured.
The invention also provides a push rod compression test method, which uses the push rod compression test platform to test whether the push rod dynamic load fails under the action of basic pressure, and comprises the following steps:
S1, acquiring basic pressure, namely:
S10, fixedly connecting a push rod to be tested between a push rod fixing mechanism and a load transmission mechanism, wherein the extension length of the push rod is X according to a required test working condition;
s11, applying load to the push rod by a weight with the gravity of G in the load transmission mechanism;
S12, calculating the load born by the push rod according to moment balance:
The rotation connection point of the suspension rope and the lever arm is used as a weight fulcrum A;
The connecting piece platform main beam of the platform upright post and the lever arm is used as a forming rotation pivot B;
the rotating connection point of the push rod and the force detection device is used as a push rod fulcrum O;
The distance from the push rod pivot point O to the rotating pivot point B is L, the distance from the weight to the rotating pivot point B is L which is N times, under the action of gravity G, the push rod only receives a pair of opposite pressure forces F along the push rod direction, and the following steps are obtained:
F*L=G*N*L;(1)
get F=G+N; (2)
I.e. the pressure F received by the push rod fulcrum O is N times of the weight G;
s13, taking the calculated pressure F as a basic pressure;
S2, setting the cyclic operation height H and the operation frequency f of the lifting platform, circularly switching the lifting platform and the heavy object between the contact state and the separation state, circularly changing the load borne by the push rod between 0 and the basic pressure in the cyclic lifting process of the lifting platform, namely applying dynamic load impact to the push rod, recording the force value of each time point in operation by a force detection device at a pivot O of the push rod, recording the operation times of the cyclic lifting of the lifting platform, and recording whether the push rod is in fatigue failure under a certain impact time under the impact dynamic load.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The test platform combines the stress characteristics of the tracking bracket, tests the maximum load which can be borne by the two fixedly connected ends of the push rod when the two fixedly connected ends are pressed, the load can be dynamic load or static load under the action of wind, and designs the platform suitable for testing the dynamic load and the static load of the push rod and the fatigue life by utilizing the mechanisms such as a lifting platform, a lever amplification mechanism and the like by combining the pressed test characteristics of the push rod.
2) The invention can amplify the load force of the push rod by utilizing the lever principle in the load transmission mechanism, and can test the load stress effect of the push rod under different extension lengths by arranging the height-adjustable form in the push rod fixing mechanism. Therefore, the device has the advantages of simple and compact structure, ingenious design and strong practicability on the premise of meeting the test accuracy, and is suitable for popularization.
3) The invention can adjust the lifting height and frequency and record the impact times by arranging the lifting table, and can record the real-time stress of the push rod by combining the mechanical sensor arranged on the stress point of the push rod, thereby simulating the fatigue life test under the impact dynamic load.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test platform according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a push rod force diagram of the test platform according to the present invention under dynamic load test (also a schematic diagram of the test platform using lever to amplify load).
Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the structure at the mechanical detector of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the height adjusting plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure of the push rod of the present invention at the installation site.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures is as follows:
1-a platform base, 10-a lifting platform;
the device comprises a 2-push rod fixing mechanism, a 20-push rod fixing upright post, a 21-push rod fixing cross beam and a 22-height adjusting plate, wherein the height adjusting plate is arranged on the upright post;
The device comprises a 3-load transmission mechanism, a 30-platform upright post, a 31-platform main beam, a 32-lever arm and a 320-test cross beam;
321-a first fixed beam, 322-a second fixed beam, 33-a heavy object, 34-a hanging rope and 35-a force detection device;
4-pushing rod;
A-weight fulcrum, B-rotation fulcrum, C-push rod mounting point and O-push rod fulcrum.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will explain the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the invention, from which other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
For simplicity of the drawing, only the parts relevant to the present invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure thereof as a product.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment is a push rod compression testing platform, which comprises a platform base 1, a push rod fixing mechanism 2 fixed on the platform base 1, and a load transmission mechanism 3;
the push rod fixing mechanism 2 is rotatably connected with a push rod 4, one end, far away from the push rod fixing mechanism 2, of the push rod 4 is rotatably connected to the load transmission mechanism 3, and the push rod fixing mechanism 2 and the load transmission mechanism 3 are matched with each other to apply load to two connecting ends of the push rod 4.
In this embodiment, the push rod 4 is rotationally connected with the push rod fixing mechanism 2 and the load transfer mechanism 3, so that the push rod 4 is not affected by the supporting force of the push rod, and the source of the pressure applied to the push rod 4 by the push rod 4 is only from the load applied to the two connecting ends of the push rod 4 by the load transfer mechanism 3.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment is a push rod compression testing platform, which comprises a platform base 1, a push rod fixing mechanism 2 fixed on the platform base 1, and a load transmission mechanism 3;
The push rod fixing mechanism 2 comprises push rod fixing upright posts 20 which are oppositely arranged on the platform base 1, and push rod fixing cross beams 21 which are fixed between the push rod fixing upright posts 20 and used for fixing the push rods 4, wherein the push rod fixing cross beams 21 are rotationally connected with the push rods 4, the tail ends of the push rods 4 far away from the push rod fixing mechanism 2 are rotationally connected to the load transmission mechanism 3, and the push rod fixing mechanism 2 and the load transmission mechanism 3 are mutually matched to realize load application on two connecting ends of the push rods 4.
The embodiment provides a specific push rod fixing mechanism on the basis of embodiment 1, and the design structure of the upright post combined with the cross beam is simple and compact, does not occupy space and has lower cost.
As a preferred embodiment, the push rod fixing beam 21 is fixed between the oppositely disposed fixing posts 20 in a height adjustable manner. So that the length between the two connecting ends of the push rod 4 can be adjusted, i.e. the extension length of the push rod 4 can be adjusted.
In this embodiment, the load transfer mechanism 3 can apply load pressure to two connection ends of the push rod 4, and simulate and test the maximum load that the push rod 4 can bear when the two connection ends are pressed, wherein the installation height of the push rod fixing cross beam 21 in the push rod fixing mechanism 2 is adjustable, so that the test platform can adjust the length between the two connection ends of the push rod 4 according to the required working condition, and thus, the load resisting effect of the push rod 4 under the working conditions of different extension lengths can be tested.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, more preferably, a plurality of rows of hole plates are fixed on the push rod fixing upright post 20, and two ends of the push rod fixing cross beam 21 are fixed on any row of holes of the plurality of rows of hole plates through bolts, so that the extension length of the fixed push rod can be adjusted. Of course, other height adjustment structures of the prior art may be used to adjust the mounting position of the fixed beam 21 of the push rod. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, it is further preferable that the push rod fixing beam 21 is hinged to the push rod 4 to form a push rod mounting point C.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, the load transmission mechanism 3 includes an L-shaped platform upright post 30 and a lever arm 32, where the platform upright post 30 is relatively fixed on the platform base 1, the platform upright post 30 is connected with the lever arm 32 by a platform main beam 31, and the end of the lever arm 32 is rotatably connected with a weight 33;
The lever arm 32 is fixedly connected with the platform girder 31 into a whole, and the platform girder 31 is rotatably connected to the platform upright post 30;
the end of the push rod remote from the push rod attachment mechanism 2 is rotatably attached to the lever arm 32.
The present embodiment provides a lever amplification arrangement of the load transmission mechanism on the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, and fully utilizes the lever principle to amplify the force applied to the push rod 4. The platform main beam 31 is rotationally connected with the platform upright post 30, so that the gravity load of the weight 33 at the tail end of the lever arm 32 is completely transferred to the push rod 4 and is not shared by the platform upright post 30, the weight 33 is hinged with the lever arm 32 through the hanging rope 34, so that the load action of the weight is completely transferred to the lever arm 32 and then is completely transferred to the push rod 4, the source of the pressure applied to the push rod 4 is only from the load applied to the two connecting ends of the push rod by the load transfer mechanism 3, according to the moment balance principle, the gravity moment at the tail end of the lever arm 32 is equal to the compression moment at the tail end of the push rod 4, and the multiple relation between the load force applied to the push rod and the gravity of the weight can be converted according to the moment arm, so that whether the push rod 4 fails under a certain static load can be tested according to gravity. And the whole design structure of the main beam, the upright post and the lever arm is simple and compact, and the cost is lower.
As a preferred embodiment, the end of the lever arm 32 is hinged to a suspension cord 34, and the weight 33 is directly fixed to the end of the suspension cord 34. In practice, the suspension cord 34 may be a wire or wire cord that can withstand a certain weight. The lever arm 32 includes a plurality of test beams 320, preferably 2, in this embodiment, a longer section steel may be used, and a first fixing beam 321 for connecting the end suspension cord 34 and a second fixing beam 322 for connecting the push rod 4 are further respectively disposed on the test beams 320.
As another preferred embodiment, the platform girder 31 is rotatably sleeved in a bearing (which may be a square rod as shown in the figure, so as to fix the cantilever lever arm 32), the bearing is fixedly connected with the platform upright 30 into a whole, and in particular, the bearing is fixed on the top seat of the platform upright 30 through a bearing seat, so that the lever arm 32 can rotate along with the platform girder 31 relative to the platform upright 30. Or the platform girder 31 is hinged with the platform upright 30.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 3, the load transmission mechanism 3 further includes a force detecting device 35 in the embodiment 3, the end of the push rod 4 is rotatably connected to the force detecting device 35, and the force detecting device 35 is fixed on the lever arm 32. Preferably, the force detection device employs a mechanical sensor that facilitates secure mounting.
In the embodiment, the mechanical sensor capable of recording the real-time stress is arranged at the stress point of the push rod, so that the fatigue life of the push rod can be tested in cooperation with the stress change recorded under the impact of dynamic load. Of course, the present embodiment also allows for more intuitive recording of the pressure experienced by the pushrod under static load without the need for scaling according to torque balance.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 4, a lifting platform 10 is disposed on the platform base 1 corresponding to the lower side of the weight 33, and the lifting platform 10 is used for applying a dynamic load impact to the push rod 4.
Specifically, when the static load of the push rod 4 is tested, the lifting platform 10 and the weight 33 are in a separated state, i.e. no supporting force is provided for the weight 33, so that whether the push rod 4 fails under a certain weight of static load can be tested. When the dynamic load borne by the push rod 4 is tested, the lifting platform 10 controls the load borne by the push rod 4 to circularly change between 0 and a certain pressure by setting a certain frequency and a circular running height H, namely the lower side surface of the lifting platform 10 and the lower side surface of the heavy object 33 are switched between a complete contact state and a complete separation state, sufficient supporting force is provided for the heavy object 33 when the lifting platform is in complete contact, the push rod is not loaded by the heavy object, the lifting platform does not provide supporting force when the lifting platform is completely separated from the heavy object, and the push rod is loaded by the heavy object, so that when the lifting platform can circularly lift the height H according to a certain frequency, the impact dynamic load is applied to the push rod 4, and whether the push rod is fatigued and fails after a certain impact time under the dynamic load can be tested.
As a preferred embodiment, the lifting platform 10 is provided with a counting device capable of recording the operation times of the lifting platform. More preferably, the counting device comprises an induction electromagnet arranged on the side wall of the lifting table 10 and a proximity switch arranged beside the lifting table 10, wherein the proximity switch is electrically connected with a counter, the proximity switch can conduct magnetic induction once in the process of moving the lifting table 10 up and down once, and is electrically connected with the counter, and the proximity switch outputs the received frequency information to the counter. In the present embodiment, the counting device is a punch electronic counter SJ-8S.
In addition, the lifting platform used in the present application is an outsourcing customized component, and the specific structure for realizing the counting function and the corresponding control circuit are all conventional technologies that can be realized in the field, so the details are not described in the present embodiment.
Example 6
The embodiment is a push rod compression test method, which is based on the push rod compression test platform provided by the embodiments 3-5, and tests whether the push rod dead load fails under the action of the pressure F:
S1, fixedly connecting a push rod 4 to be tested between a push rod fixing mechanism 2 and a load transmission mechanism 3, wherein the extension length of the push rod 4 is X according to a required test working condition;
S2, a weight 33 with the gravity of G in the load transmission mechanism 3 is hinged on the lever arm 32 to apply load force to the push rod 4 (at the moment, the lifting platform 10 is separated from the weight 33, and no supporting force is provided for the weight 33);
s3, referring to FIG. 2, according to moment balance, the load born by the push rod 4 is calculated:
The rotational connection point of the suspension cord 34 and lever arm 32 serves as a weight fulcrum a;
The connecting piece platform main beam 31 of the platform upright post 30 and the lever arm 32 is used as a rotation fulcrum B;
The rotational connection point of the push rod 4 and the load transmission mechanism 3 serves as a push rod fulcrum O (it should be noted that when the force detection device 5 is installed in the test platform, the rotational connection point of the push rod 4 and the force detection device 5 serves as a push rod fulcrum O; when the force detection device 5 is not installed, the rotational connection point of the push rod 4 and the lever arm 32 serves as a push rod fulcrum O);
the distance from the push rod pivot O to the rotating pivot B is L;
the gravity of the weight 33 is G, and the distance from the weight 33 to the rotation fulcrum B is L which is N times;
The stress analysis of the push rod is as follows, the weight fulcrum A, the rotation fulcrum B, the push rod fulcrum O and the push rod mounting point C are all in a rotatable connection mode (for example, all can be hinged), under the action of gravity G, the push rod only receives a pair of opposite pressure forces F along the push rod direction, and the weight moment is obtained according to the balance of the moment:
F*L=G*N*L; (1)
Get F=G+N; (2)
I.e. the pressure F received by the push rod fulcrum O is N times of the weight G;
And S4, detecting whether the push rod fails under the static load of the pressure F=G×N when the push rod extends by X length, and continuously adjusting the gravity G until the maximum load at the time of failure is detected.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 2, a test method for testing the compression resistance of a push rod, which uses the test platform provided in example 5, tests whether the push rod dynamic load fails under the action of the basic pressure:
S1, acquiring the basic pressure, wherein the basic pressure acquisition step comprises the following steps:
S10, fixedly connecting a push rod to be tested between a push rod fixing mechanism and a load transmission mechanism, wherein the extension length of the push rod is X according to a required test working condition;
s11, applying load force to the push rod by a weight with the gravity of G in the load transmission mechanism (at the moment, the lifting platform 10 is separated from the weight 33, and no supporting force is provided for the weight 33);
S12, calculating the load born by the push rod according to moment balance:
The rotational connection point of the suspension cord 34 and lever arm 32 serves as a weight fulcrum a;
The connecting piece platform main beam 31 of the platform upright post 30 and the lever arm 32 is used as a rotation fulcrum B;
The rotating connection point of the push rod 4 and the mechanical sensor is used as a push rod fulcrum O;
the distance from the push rod pivot point O to the rotating pivot point B is L, the distance from the weight to the rotating pivot point B is L which is N times, under the action of gravity G, the push rod only receives a pair of opposite pressure forces F along the push rod direction, and the moment balance is calculated according to the following steps:
F*L=G*N*L; (1)
Get F=G+N; (2)
I.e. the pressure F received by the fulcrum of the push rod is N times of the weight G;
s13, taking the calculated pressure F as a basic pressure;
It should be noted that the basic pressure may be any pressure (specifically, may be calculated according to the moment balance condition described above), and it includes the case that the basic pressure is the maximum static load that the push rod can bear;
S2, setting the cyclic operation height H and the operation frequency f of the lifting platform, circularly switching the lifting platform and the heavy object between the contact state and the separation state, circularly changing the load borne by the push rod between 0 and the basic pressure in the cyclic lifting process of the lifting platform, namely applying dynamic load impact to the push rod, recording the force value of each time point in operation through a force sensor at a pivot O of the push rod, recording the operation times of the cyclic lifting of the lifting platform, and recording whether the push rod is in fatigue failure after a certain impact time under the impact dynamic load.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as needed. The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910854132.3A CN110455652B (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | Push rod compression-resistant test platform and test method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910854132.3A CN110455652B (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2019-09-10 | Push rod compression-resistant test platform and test method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110455652A CN110455652A (en) | 2019-11-15 |
| CN110455652B true CN110455652B (en) | 2024-11-29 |
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