CN110465661A - A kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device - Google Patents
A kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110465661A CN110465661A CN201910694347.3A CN201910694347A CN110465661A CN 110465661 A CN110465661 A CN 110465661A CN 201910694347 A CN201910694347 A CN 201910694347A CN 110465661 A CN110465661 A CN 110465661A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- material manufacturing
- increasing material
- workpiece
- detection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003407 AlSi10Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
- B22F12/43—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam pulsed; frequency modulated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/9515—Objects of complex shape, e.g. examined with use of a surface follower device
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/1702—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids
- G01N2021/1706—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated with opto-acoustic detection, e.g. for gases or analysing solids in solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/95—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination characterised by the material or shape of the object to be examined
- G01N21/9515—Objects of complex shape, e.g. examined with use of a surface follower device
- G01N2021/9518—Objects of complex shape, e.g. examined with use of a surface follower device using a surface follower, e.g. robot
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and device that the present invention designs, in existing metal increasing material manufacturing equipment, ultrasonic laser generator and signal receiver are integrated on the same device, workpiece is detected in real time in the fabrication process by ultrasonic laser, reception device receives displacement wave, it first passes through simulation process and obtains laser cleaning technique, to the geological information and location information of inside workpiece defect.Additional laser device is not increased, by improving original processing laser.Laser is processed by adjusting, realizes the laser cleaning to workpiece surface so as to improve workpiece surface roughness, realizes the instant processing to gas hole defect to improve workpiece quality.The device overcome traditional sensing techniques detection accuracy is high, workpiece sensing process mutually separate and detect with production process after defects of vent hole can not online processing the problem of, high-precision online non-destructive testing and processing are realized, to improve SLM increasing material manufacturing product quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material increasing field, in particular to a kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and
Detection device.
Background technique
Since SLM forming process is a coupling process along with multiple physical fields such as complicated physics, chemistry, metallurgy,
Part tissue using the preparation of Laser Melting Deposition method is nonequilibrium state tissue, therefore inside parts are easy to produce during product
Stomata is mingled with, the microdefects such as crackle.The presence of these defects seriously reduces the service performance of drip molding, results even in
Drip molding damage failure.Therefore defect problem is the big obstacle for restricting the development of laser gain material manufacturing technology, studies defects detection
Method can effectively promote the development of laser gain material manufacturing technology.Currently, traditional defect inspection method is broadly divided into and damages
Detection and non-destructive testing two major classes damage the needs that detection is not able to satisfy defects detection in industrial production.Non-destructive testing is met the tendency of
And give birth to, the technology of non-destructive testing mainly has: x-ray tomography imaging technique, conventional ultrasound detection technique, high frequency ultrasound detect skill
Art, infrared thermal imaging technique and laser ultrasonic detection technology etc..Due to original technology detection accuracy is insufficient, be unable to on-line checking with
And detecting the limitation that can not be handled immediately after gas hole defect, laser ultrasonic detection and processing technique become SLM metal and increase material
The key technology of the on-line checking of manufacturing process gas hole defect.
It is limited to the deficiency that existing detection device was detached from manufacturing process and can only carry out offline inspection, increases material to improving
Manufacture product quality brings huge challenge.SLM metal increasing material manufacturing process gas hole defect on-line checking and processing unit are one
The product air holes defect that can go out with on-line checking SLM metal increasing material manufacturing and the device for carrying out defect processing are planted, increases material to improving
Manufacture product quality simultaneously pushes its industrial applications to possess important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to the deficiency of existing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing gas hole defect detection method, Yi Jishi
The problem of in terms of existing defect processing, proposes a kind of based on SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device.
SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method, is characterized in that, including following designed by the present invention
Step:
Three-dimensional movement platform is built in existing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing equipment, and ultrasonic laser detection device is set；
When needing ultrasonic laser to detect, starting ultrasonic laser detection device carries out point by point scanning detection, obtains defect
Location information and geological information；
Simulation analysis is carried out to rejected region, passes through level set method, analysis of metallic materials solid-liquid-gas under laser action
Phase transition process calculates mass loss caused by evaporating；And the hot physical property of bond material, obtain the laser cleaning of increasing material manufacturing workpiece
Laser power and speed, wherein level set normal equation are as follows:
In formulaFor Level-Set variable, γlsFor boundary layer thickness, εlsFor initialization value, t is the time.It is mass loss caused by considering vapour injection and the source item that introduces；
Laser cleaning is carried out to increasing material manufacturing workpiece in conjunction with simulation result laser power and speed；
Detection cleaning process is carried out after the completion of every layer of printing, until completing the processing of the workpiece.
Further, the simulation analysis, which uses, is based on multiple physical field simulation software COMSOL.
A kind of detection device for realizing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method has also been devised in the present invention,
It is characterized in that, including building the three-dimensional movement platform in existing increasing material manufacturing equipment, the three-dimensional movement platform is taken
It is loaded with laser-ultrasound excitation and reception device, further includes energy control module, the laser-ultrasound excitation and swashing in reception device
Light ultrasonic excitation device is the laser-ultrasound exciter in original increasing material manufacturing equipment；The control module feeds back rejected region
Information carry out simulation analysis, by level set method, analysis of metallic materials solid-liquid-gas phase transition process under laser action, calculate
Mass loss caused by evaporating；And the hot physical property of bond material, obtain increasing material manufacturing workpiece laser cleaning laser power and
Speed, wherein level set normal equation are as follows:
In formulaFor Level-Set variable, γlsFor boundary layer thickness, εlsFor initialization value, t is the time.It is mass loss caused by considering vapour injection and the source item that introduces；
And the laser power and speed of laser generator are controlled in conjunction with simulation result, thus to increasing material manufacturing workpiece
Carry out laser cleaning.Laser-ultrasound excitation and the laser generator and signal receiver of reception device are integrated into the same movement
In mechanism, multiple degrees of freedom in workpiece upper direction, realize the online lossless defects detection to workpiece.
Further, the three-dimensional movement platform includes realizing 3 ball wire rod mechanisms of three-axis moving respectively and making
2 rotating mechanisms of XY, ZX Plane Rotation are realized in laser-ultrasound excitation with reception device.When needing to detect, have in computer
The location information of prefabricated measuring point to be checked, the specially coordinate of X/Y plane.Then computer controls ball screw rotating cycle, from
And it is accurately positioned integrating device.Defect can also be determined that depth of the defect apart from surface is believed by the moving coordinate of three-dimensional movement platform
Breath can be determined by the size for the displacement wave being reflected back.The three-dimensional movement platform oneself can be built, and also can purchase finished product on the market.
Further, there are two air inlet and a gas outlets for the cavity wall setting for increasing manufacturing equipment, described
Two air inlets are located at cavity position up and down, and the gas outlet is on the cavity wall between two air inlets.By into
The adjusting of port and air outlet gas flow reduces interference of the manufacturing environment to light path.Specially before detection starts,
Air inlet and gas outlet are opened, and while two air inlets continue to be filled with protective gas, gas outlet will be in laser processing procedure
The smog of generation and the sputter particles being suspended in gas are sucked out, and keep the degree of purity of intracavity gas, thus prevent smog and
The sputter particles Interference Detection optical path being suspended in gas influences detection accuracy in turn.
Further, the laser-ultrasound excitation is swashed using solid pulse laser as laser-ultrasound with reception device
Light source, output power 20W, wavelength 1064nm, pulse width range 2-350ns, repetition frequency range 10-
1000kHz, laser spot diameter 2mm, having a size of 286*215*95 (mm)；Using laser interferometer as reception device,
Output power is 50mW, wavelength 532nm, and detection sensitivity isDetection bandwidth is 1000MHz, burnt
Away from for 100mm, having a size of 168*195*63 (mm).
Further, ball screw use P4 accuracy class, nominal diameter 12mm, stroke be respectively 250mm, 400mm,
500mm。
Further, the space-time between laser optical path is avoided to interfere by designing laser ultrasonic detection strategy.On time: working as inspection
When surveying laser work, processing laser is typically in pause mode.
Spatially: detecting the light path design of laser as shown in Fig. 2, dry between laser optical path will not be generated with processing laser
It disturbs.
The present invention has the advantages that
Ultrasonic laser generator and signal receiver are integrated by the present invention by improving existing metal increasing material manufacturing equipment
On the same device, workpiece is detected in real time in the fabrication process by ultrasonic laser, reception device receives displacement wave, first
Laser cleaning technique is obtained by simulation process, to the geological information and location information of inside workpiece defect.Innovatively, do not increase
Three-dimensional movement platform, and integrated laser pickoff is arranged by improving original processing laser in additional laser device.Pass through
Processing laser is adjusted, realizes that the laser cleaning to workpiece surface so as to improve workpiece surface roughness, is realized to gas hole defect
Immediately processing is to improve workpiece quality.The device overcome traditional sensing techniques detection accuracy is high, workpiece sensing process with
Production process mutually separate and detect after defects of vent hole can not online processing the problem of, realize high-precision online non-destructive testing
And processing, to improve SLM increasing material manufacturing product quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the online non-destructive testing of laser-ultrasound and processing Integrated design conceptual scheme.
Fig. 2 is that laser-ultrasound excites and receives integrating device light path design schematic diagram.
In figure: the first ball screw 1, the second ball screw 2, third ball screw 3, the first rotating mechanism 4, the second rotation
Mechanism 5, the first air inlet 6, the second air inlet 7, sliding rail 8, laser-ultrasound excitation and reception device 9, gas outlet 10.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with specific example with reference to the accompanying drawing:
SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method designed by the present invention designed by the present invention, including it is following
Step:
Three-dimensional movement platform is built in existing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing equipment, and ultrasonic laser detection device is set；
When needing ultrasonic laser to detect, starting ultrasonic laser detection device carries out point by point scanning detection, obtains defect
Location information and geological information；
Simulation analysis is carried out to rejected region, passes through level set method, analysis of metallic materials solid-liquid-gas under laser action
Phase transition process calculates mass loss caused by evaporating；And the hot physical property of bond material, obtain the laser cleaning of increasing material manufacturing workpiece
Laser power and speed, wherein level set normal equation are as follows:
In formulaFor Level-Set variable, γlsFor boundary layer thickness, εlsFor initialization value, t is the time.It is mass loss caused by considering vapour injection and the source item that introduces；
Laser cleaning is carried out to increasing material manufacturing workpiece in conjunction with simulation result laser power and speed；
Detection cleaning process is carried out after the completion of every layer of printing, until completing the processing of the workpiece.
Laser-ultrasound on-line checking and processing of the present invention applied to gas hole defect during the increasing material manufacturing of SLM metal, if
Meter reequips existing metal increasing material manufacturing equipment, builds high-precision three-dimensional motion platform, ultrasound detection integrated equipment is installed to biography
In dynamic structure, when needing to detect, it is moved to above workpiece.
Finite element simulation method simulated laser ultrasound detection process is advanced with to obtain the detection of typical SLM material ginseng
Number.When being detected, computer issues order processing unit (plant) and enters process cycle.Laser break-off is processed, is calculated
Machine adjustment processing laser simultaneously treats detection layers progress laser cleaning, and then integrating device is moved on measuring point to be checked and starts to work.
As shown in Figure 1, positioning laser-ultrasound excitation respectively with reception device 9 in Z, Y, the position of X-direction by controlling ball screw 1,2,3
It sets, controls the device respectively in the rotation angle of XY, ZX plane by controlling rotating mechanism 4,5.After detection integrating device is in place,
Laser-ultrasound laser generates pulsed laser action in workpiece surface, passes through thermoelastic effect excitation ultrasound wave in workpiece surface, and
It is propagated to inside workpiece, is rebounding after meeting defect and lower surface and generating corresponding vibration in workpiece surface, finally with displacement wave
Form is received by laser interferometer.After the completion of current detection point detection, integrating device is moved to next test point and starts to detect, to
After detection layers test point is fully completed detection.By three-dimensional platform along 8 mobile test workpiece of sliding rail, workpiece surface difference position is obtained
The A-Scan scanning signal at place is set, and then obtains the C-Scan scanning signal of workpiece corresponding region, after the processing of computer software
The geological information and location information of inside workpiece defect can be obtained.Then, the defect information provided according to computer, is adjusted again
Whole processing laser parameter.Processing laser is moved to defective locations, carries out powdering again to the workpiece surface of existing defects
Processing is to eliminate defect.The above work is considered as a process cycle.After the completion of one process cycle, processing laser continues workpiece
Manufacture work.Detection device waits computer to issue next process cycle order.
Particularly, as shown in index path inside Fig. 2 integrating device, solid pulse laser issues laser through a series of light
Workpiece surface is acted perpendicularly to after the transformation of road.The vibration that inside workpiece generates is received with being displaced waveshape by laser interferometer.
Particularly, it is based on multiple physical field simulation software COMSOL, using level set method (level set method), analysis
Metal material solid-liquid-gas phase transition process under laser action calculates mass loss caused by evaporating.
Wherein, consider the continuity equation after evaporation:
Evaporation rate:
In formulaFor relative atomic mass, kBFor Boltzmann constant, PsatSaturated vapour pressure, T are temperature；Correspondingly, water
Flat collection normal equation are as follows:
In formulaFor Level-Set variable, γlsFor boundary layer thickness, εlsFor initialization value, t is the time.It is mass loss caused by considering vapour injection and the source item that introduces.
Pass through factors above analysis of material thermal physical property parameter, gravity, buoyancy, kickback pressure, surface tension and Marangoni
Influence of the effect to workpiece surface cleaning effect analyzes cleaning rear surface quality and laser power, speed and energy by simulation software
The relationship of metric density obtains the laser cleaning power and speed of typical increasing material manufacturing material work piece.Laser cleaning mistake in order to prevent
Metal oxidative phenomena in journey, laser cleaning carry out in SLM metal increasing material manufacturing equipment.It is to be detected in sample print procedure
Layer pause powdering, successively changes laser power in conjunction with simulation result and speed carries out laser cleaning.
Specific experiment is as follows:
Ti in the design6Al4It is 400W, cleaning speed 0.5m/s that V materials'use, which cleans laser power, and material surface is thick
Rugosity is reduced to Ra3.3 from Ra8.8；AlSi10Mg materials'use cleans laser power 300W, cleaning speed 0.5m/s, material
Surface roughness is reduced to Ra3.2 from Ra16.6；It is 400W, cleaning speed 0.5m/ that 316L materials'use, which cleans laser power,
S, material surface roughness are reduced to Ra3.9 from Ra14.6.Based on the research of above-mentioned laser cleaning technique, in Fig. 2 dotted line frame
Shown, computer adjusts SML and processes laser parameter, realizes the online laser cleaning of workpiece surface, and it is thick to reduce workpiece local surfaces
Rugosity improves laser-ultrasound on-line checking precision.
Particularly, it for processing, detection and the Collaborative Control for handling work, can be obtained by adjusting inspection policies different
The testing result that detection level requires.Such as: by increasing the measuring point number to be checked in same detection layers, reducing every two processing
Time interval between period improves detection level.Light path is done by improving ventilating system reduction manufacturing environment
It disturbs, avoids the space-time between laser optical path from interfering by designing laser ultrasonic detection strategy.
The design builds high-precision three-dimensional motion platform, and ultrasonic detection equipment is mounted on the drive mechanism, needs are worked as
It when detection, moves it into above workpiece, laser-ultrasound laser generates pulse laser and acts on after certain optical path adjustment
Workpiece surface in workpiece surface by thermoelastic effect excitation ultrasound wave, and is propagated, after chance defect and lower surface again to inside workpiece
It rebounds and generates corresponding vibration in workpiece surface, finally received with being displaced waveshape by laser interferometer, through computer to letter
It number is handled, to obtain the geological information and location information of inside workpiece defect, and is swashed before testing using processing
Light cleans metal surface, metal local surfaces roughness is reduced, to improve ultrasonic laser on-line checking precision and workpiece quality.
Upon completion of the assays, the geological information and location information of defect are provided by computer, and adjusts the parameter of processing laser, are existed
The workpiece surface of defect again process by powdering, to eliminate gas hole defect.Wherein, location information of the defect on X/Y plane can be by
The position of the integrating device of sliding rail control determines that depth information of the defect apart from surface can be true by the size for the displacement wave being reflected back
It is fixed.This equipment mainly includes ball screw, sliding rail, rotating mechanism, laser-ultrasound excitation and receives integrating device, air inlet 6,7
With gas outlet 10.By control ball screw and rotating mechanism, ensure that laser-ultrasound excitation and reception device have movement enough
Freedom degree detects various complex geometry workpiece.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method, it is characterised in that
Three-dimensional movement platform is built in existing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing equipment, and ultrasonic laser detection device is set；
When needing ultrasonic laser to detect, starting ultrasonic laser detection device carries out point by point scanning detection, obtains the position of defect
Information and geological information；
Simulation analysis is carried out to rejected region, by level set method, analysis of metallic materials solid-liquid-gas phase under laser action becomes
Process calculates mass loss caused by evaporating；And the hot physical property of bond material, obtain swashing for the laser cleaning of increasing material manufacturing workpiece
Optical power and speed, wherein level set normal equation are as follows:
In formulaFor Level-Set variable, γlsFor boundary layer thickness, εlsFor initialization value, t is the time；It is mass loss caused by considering vapour injection and the source item that introduces；
Laser cleaning is carried out to increasing material manufacturing workpiece in conjunction with simulation result laser power and speed；
In print procedure, all cleaning processes to be detected are cleaned in detection, until completing the processing of the workpiece.
2. SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the emulation
Analysis is using based on multiple physical field simulation software COMSOL.
3. a kind of detection for realizing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method described in claims 1 or 2 fills
It sets, it is characterised in that: including building the three-dimensional movement platform in existing increasing material manufacturing equipment, taken in the three-dimensional movement platform
Laser-ultrasound excitation and reception device are had, further includes energy control module, the laser-ultrasound excitation and swashing in reception device
Light ultrasonic excitation device is the laser-ultrasound exciter in original increasing material manufacturing equipment；The control module feeds back rejected region
Information carry out simulation analysis, by level set method, analysis of metallic materials solid-liquid-gas phase transition process under laser action, calculate
Mass loss caused by evaporating；And the hot physical property of bond material, obtain increasing material manufacturing workpiece laser cleaning laser power and
Speed, wherein level set normal equation are as follows:
In formulaFor Level-Set variable, γlsFor boundary layer thickness, εlsFor initialization value, t is the time.It is mass loss caused by considering vapour injection and the source item that introduces；
And the laser power and speed of laser generator are controlled in conjunction with simulation result, to be carried out to increasing material manufacturing workpiece
Laser cleaning.
4. the detection device according to claim 3 for realizing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method,
Be characterized in that: the three-dimensional movement platform includes realizing 3 ball wire rod mechanisms of three-axis moving respectively and making laser-ultrasound
2 rotating mechanisms of XY, ZX Plane Rotation are realized in excitation with reception device.
5. the detection device according to claim 3 for realizing SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method,
Be characterized in that: there are two air inlet and a gas outlet, described two air inlets for the cavity wall setting for increasing manufacturing equipment
Mouth is located at cavity position up and down, and the gas outlet is on the cavity wall between two air inlets.
6. the detection device of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method according to claim 3, feature exist
In: the laser-ultrasound excitation uses solid pulse laser as laser-ultrasound laser source, output work with reception device
Rate is 20W, wavelength 1064nm, pulse width range 2-350ns, repetition frequency range 10-1000kHz, laser facula
Diameter is 2mm, having a size of 286*215*95 (mm)；Using laser interferometer as reception device, output power 50mW, wave
A length of 532nm, detection sensitivity areDetection bandwidth is 1000MHz, focal length 100mm, having a size of
168*195*63(mm)。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910694347.3A CN110465661A (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | A kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910694347.3A CN110465661A (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | A kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110465661A true CN110465661A (en) | 2019-11-19 |
Family
ID=68509976
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910694347.3A Pending CN110465661A (en) | 2019-07-30 | 2019-07-30 | A kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110465661A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110687204A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method and device for laser ultrasonic testing |
| CN111122448A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-08 | 东莞理工学院 | Additive manufacturing map type stress analysis method |
| CN111812037A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Laser composite system and method integrating cleaning, polishing and ultrasonic testing |
| CN112846183A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-28 | 武汉大学 | Laser-ultrasonic-plasma composite cleaning method and device for metal additive manufacturing layer by layer |
| WO2022176430A1 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-25 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure, and fabrication device |
| CN115728244A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-03 | 深圳职业技术学院 | An online detection method and device for metal additive manufacturing |
| CN115742312A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-07 | 山东创瑞激光科技有限公司 | Metal 3D prints successive layer surface laser belt cleaning device |
| CN115932044A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏先进光源技术研究院有限公司 | Real-time detection method for workpiece defects in laser processing process |
| CN117983962A (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-05-07 | 成都环龙智能机器人有限公司 | Working method of full-flow automatic welding intelligent workstation |
Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011034985A1 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Sciaky, Inc. | Electron beam layer manufacturing |
| EP2554360A1 (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-02-06 | MTU Aero Engines GmbH | Component produced by additive manufacturing, with at least one mark and method for forming, repairing and/or exchanging such a component |
| CN106018288A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Laser ultrasonic online nondestructive material-increase manufacturing part detection method |
| CN106475558A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-08 | 西门子能源公司 | Self adaptation increasing material manufacturing process using local laser ultrasonic tesint |
| CN107102061A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 大连理工大学 | High-energy beam addition and subtraction of metal materials-on-line laser ultrasonic testing composite processing method |
| CN107598163A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-19 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of quality lossless audio coding equipment and method suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing |
| CN107671288A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-09 | 武汉大学 | Increasing material manufacturing device and method |
| CN107695351A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 武汉大学 | Successively alternative dual-mode laser cleaning method and cleaning device in metal 3D printing |
| CN108444921A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-24 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing component online test method based on signal correlation analysis |
| CN108802165A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉大学 | Have the increasing material system of processing and method of spectrum ULTRASONIC COMPLEX on-line checking function |
| CN109164111A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-08 | 东南大学 | Based on shared galvanometer SLM in line laser defects detection equipment and method |
| CN109387568A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-26 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of laser ultrasonic detection device and increasing material manufacturing, detection integrated equipment |
| CN109530691A (en) * | 2018-12-01 | 2019-03-29 | 东莞理工学院 | SLM3D printer capable of performing ultrasonic detection |
-
2019
- 2019-07-30 CN CN201910694347.3A patent/CN110465661A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2011034985A1 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2011-03-24 | Sciaky, Inc. | Electron beam layer manufacturing |
| EP2554360A1 (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2013-02-06 | MTU Aero Engines GmbH | Component produced by additive manufacturing, with at least one mark and method for forming, repairing and/or exchanging such a component |
| CN106475558A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-03-08 | 西门子能源公司 | Self adaptation increasing material manufacturing process using local laser ultrasonic tesint |
| CN106018288A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-10-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京航空材料研究院 | Laser ultrasonic online nondestructive material-increase manufacturing part detection method |
| CN107102061A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 大连理工大学 | High-energy beam addition and subtraction of metal materials-on-line laser ultrasonic testing composite processing method |
| CN107598163A (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2018-01-19 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of quality lossless audio coding equipment and method suitable for powdering formula increasing material manufacturing |
| CN107671288A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-09 | 武汉大学 | Increasing material manufacturing device and method |
| CN107695351A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-16 | 武汉大学 | Successively alternative dual-mode laser cleaning method and cleaning device in metal 3D printing |
| CN108444921A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-24 | 长沙理工大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing component online test method based on signal correlation analysis |
| CN108802165A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-11-13 | 武汉大学 | Have the increasing material system of processing and method of spectrum ULTRASONIC COMPLEX on-line checking function |
| CN109164111A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2019-01-08 | 东南大学 | Based on shared galvanometer SLM in line laser defects detection equipment and method |
| CN109530691A (en) * | 2018-12-01 | 2019-03-29 | 东莞理工学院 | SLM3D printer capable of performing ultrasonic detection |
| CN109387568A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-26 | 西安增材制造国家研究院有限公司 | A kind of laser ultrasonic detection device and increasing material manufacturing, detection integrated equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张廷忠等: "Ti6Al4V合金毫秒激光打孔重铸层的形成机制 ", 《光学学报》 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110687204A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-01-14 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Method and device for laser ultrasonic testing |
| CN111122448A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-05-08 | 东莞理工学院 | Additive manufacturing map type stress analysis method |
| CN111812037A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Laser composite system and method integrating cleaning, polishing and ultrasonic testing |
| WO2022176430A1 (en) * | 2021-02-18 | 2022-08-25 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Method for manufacturing three-dimensional structure, and fabrication device |
| CN112846183A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-05-28 | 武汉大学 | Laser-ultrasonic-plasma composite cleaning method and device for metal additive manufacturing layer by layer |
| CN115742312A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-03-07 | 山东创瑞激光科技有限公司 | Metal 3D prints successive layer surface laser belt cleaning device |
| CN115728244A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-03-03 | 深圳职业技术学院 | An online detection method and device for metal additive manufacturing |
| CN115932044A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-07 | 江苏先进光源技术研究院有限公司 | Real-time detection method for workpiece defects in laser processing process |
| CN115932044B (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2024-02-20 | 江苏先进光源技术研究院有限公司 | Workpiece defect real-time detection method in laser processing process |
| CN117983962A (en) * | 2024-04-03 | 2024-05-07 | 成都环龙智能机器人有限公司 | Working method of full-flow automatic welding intelligent workstation |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN110465661A (en) | A kind of SLM metal increasing material manufacturing defect real-time detection method and detection device | |
| US20240024984A1 (en) | Three-Dimensional Printing Systems and Methods of Their Use | |
| CN110799286B (en) | Methods and devices for additive manufacturing | |
| CN108802165B (en) | Additive processing system and method with spectral ultrasonic composite online detection function | |
| CN108098146B (en) | A high-precision laser additive forming method for non-flat surfaces | |
| CN107102061B (en) | Metal material high-energy beam addition and subtraction material-on-line laser ultrasonic testing composite processing method | |
| Boisselier et al. | Improvement of the laser direct metal deposition process in 5-axis configuration | |
| CN106001927B (en) | One kind measurement machining integrated laser planarizing polishing method | |
| US10073060B2 (en) | Non-contact acoustic inspection method for additive manufacturing processes | |
| CN102962452B (en) | Metal laser deposition manufactured scan route planning method based on infrared temperature measurement images | |
| CN109269985B (en) | High-frequency ultrasonic online monitoring method for internal defects of metal moving molten pool | |
| Rieder et al. | Ultrasonic online monitoring of additive manufacturing processes based on selective laser melting | |
| CN108444921B (en) | An online detection method for additive manufacturing components based on signal correlation analysis | |
| Bamberg et al. | Overview of additive manufacturing activities at MTU aero engines | |
| CN109387567A (en) | One kind being based on the modified increasing material manufacturing laser ultrasonic detection data processing method of velocity of wave | |
| CN104707871A (en) | Sheet material thickness online detection and adjustment system based on laser ultrasonic | |
| CN115138867A (en) | Device and method for monitoring, feeding back and optimizing molding quality of gradient material manufactured by laser additive in real time | |
| CN112881435A (en) | Device and method for in-situ observation of structural evolution of laser additive manufacturing molten pool | |
| CN113478068A (en) | Real-time detection method for thermal deformation of laser processing thin-wall part | |
| Nasrollahi et al. | Two-side laser processing method for producing high aspect ratio microholes | |
| Li et al. | Research and prospect of on-line monitoring technology for laser additive manufacturing | |
| Ye et al. | Characterization of acoustic signals during a direct metal laser sintering process | |
| Baraldo et al. | Multi-physics based methodology for evaluating powder feeding quality for Laser Metal Deposition | |
| Guerra et al. | Off-axis monitoring of the melt pool spatial information in Laser Metal Deposition process | |
| CN112280968B (en) | A high-energy pulsed laser processing and measurement integrated system and method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20191119 |