CN110498716A - Limestone mine quarry surface residue sandy loam and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

55 percent of limestone ore residues, ~ 85 percent of limestone ore residues, 10 percent of modifying substances, ~ 30 percent of modifying substances, B3 percent of modifying substances, ~ 10 percent of biological activators and 2 percent of biological activators, wherein the limestone ore residue sandy loam is prepared by the following raw materials by volume percentage, the modifying substances comprise ~ percent of modifying substances, 2 percent of biological activators and ~ 5 percent of biological activators.

Description

Limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement and environmental protection, in particular to a sandy loam soil with residues on the surface of a limestone quarry and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

In recent years, due to the development of the surface excavation mining industry, a special kind of soil degradation has emerged as the stockpile of solid waste has increased, and has become a major environmental problem due to soil loss and deep modification of the terrain. At present, the resource utilization and disposal methods of mine solid waste mainly include recycling useful components, producing building materials, backfilling gobs, and covering soil for land reclamation. Through these methods, although part of the mine solid waste can be consumed, its comprehensive utilization rate is still low. Except for the comprehensive utilization rate of coal gangue, which is close to 70%, the comprehensive utilization rate of other bulk mine solid waste is very low. The comprehensive utilization rate is less than 20%, and the comprehensive utilization rate of waste rock is almost zero. Among them, as the demand for limestone mineral raw materials increases, the stockpiling of mineral residues during mining affects the surrounding wasteland and other types of land in a wider range, not only occupying a large amount of land, but the original plantable soil around the mining area and the limestone mining area are abandoned. The waste residue of the limestone mine was formed after the mixing of the materials, which led to the urgent need for treatment and reclamation of the land after the opening of the mine.

The waste residue of limestone mine is a by-product of limestone mine. It is the fine-grained ore after mining and screening of limestone mine. The waste residue contains gravel, silt and clay with different particle sizes; the main minerals in tailings particles are limestone calcium. , generally 44%~56%; followed by MgO, SiO ₂ , A1 ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ , etc., which provide some trace elements needed for plant growth; according to different crops and soil composition, limestone powder can improve the properties of soil , structure, acidity, etc.

Soil texture is the combination of the percentage of each particle size in the soil to the soil mass. Different soil composition determines different soil textures. Texture type determines soil water storage, water conductivity, fertilizer retention, fertilizer supply, heat preservation, and temperature conductivity, and is an important basis for evaluating soil fertility and crop suitability. According to the particle composition analysis of limestone tailings, the limestone tailings planting soil similar to sandy loam was prepared.

Therefore, aiming at the comprehensive utilization of limestone mine waste residues, as well as the production of limestone tailings planting soil through soil texture composition ratio, structure improvement and nutrient adjustment, it can meet the requirements of limestone mine waste site treatment and reclamation. The texture of the sandy loam type is suitable for soil improvement and ecological reconstruction of limestone mine wasteland, which not only realizes reclamation and resource reuse, but also brings huge social, ecological and economic benefits.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam and its preparation method, to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

Technical scheme of the present invention is realized like this:

A limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, mainly prepared from the following raw materials in volume percentage: limestone residue 55%~85%: improved substance A 10%~30%: improved substance B 3%~10%: biological Activator 2%~5%.

Preferably, the limestone ore residue particles are mainly prepared from the following mass percentages of limestone ore residue particles of various sizes: 55%-85% of particles with a diameter of 2-0.02mm; 15%-40% of particles with a diameter of 0.02-0.002mm: Diameter -0.002mm particles 0%~5%.

Preferably, the improved substance A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in mass percentage: 35%-55% of clay minerals: 10%-20% of agricultural and forestry wastes: 35%-45% of farmyard manure.

Preferably, the clay mineral has a particle size of -0.075mm 100% and is mainly prepared from raw materials in the following ratio: illite: kaolinite: montmorillonite=1.5:3:2.5.

Preferably, the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared through the following steps:

A. Add the straw with a length of 0.25mm~0.5mm, twig wood, and edible fungus substrate into the corrosion-resistant mixer according to the mass percentage: 15%~35% of straw, 30%~45% of edible fungus substrate, and 20%~55% of twig wood. Stir well to obtain a mixture;

B. Add concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98% for carbonization, stir for 20 minutes to 80 minutes, and obtain carbonized agricultural and forestry waste. The mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture is: concentrated sulfuric acid: mixture = 5:1~5.

Preferably, the farmyard manure includes one or more of guano, chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, sheep manure, the mass fraction of organic matter in the dry matter of the farmyard manure is ≥ 45%, and the weight of the farmyard manure is The water content in the fresh weight is ≤35%, and the pH value is 6.0~8.0.

Preferably, the improved substance B has a particle size of 0.25mm~0.075mm, and is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 20~40 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~15 parts of potassium nitrate, 25 parts of ammonium nitrate ~30 parts, 15~20 parts of nitro humic acid.

Preferably, the bioactivator has a particle size of 0.25-0.5 mm, and is mainly prepared from raw materials in the following ratio: zinc sulfate: copper sulfate: ferrous sulfate=1.5:2.5:6.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, comprising the following steps:

(1) Mix the limestone residue and the improved substance A evenly to obtain a mixture;

(2) Add the aerobic fermentation flora to the mixture in step (1) and mix well, carry out compost aerobic fermentation, the inoculum amount is 3-5wt% of the mixture, and ventilate for 5d-8d;

(3) Add the improved substance B to the fermented mixture in step (2) and mix evenly to obtain the mixture;

(4) Add the biological activator to the mixture in step (3), and cover it with plastic film for 5d~7d to decompose the matrix and obtain qualified sandy loam.

Preferably, the aerobic fermentation bacteria group in the step (2) includes Aspergillus, yeast, Bacillus subtilis, potassium solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and the dosage ratio of each strain is: Aspergillus: yeast: Bacillus subtilis: Potassium bacteria: nitrogen-fixing bacteria = 2: 1.2: 0.6: 1.8: 1.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The invention can construct the mine surface residue soil structure, make the soil mature quickly, and the sandy loam made can be used to improve alkaline soil, supplement trace elements and carbon elements in the soil, and promote the reproduction of bacterial flora in the soil, reducing production cost and equipment investment Low, realize the comprehensive utilization of mine solid waste, ecological and environmental protection.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

This example provides a limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in volume percentage: limestone residue 85%: improved substance A 10%: improved substance B 3%: biological activator 2 %.

Wherein, the limestone ore residue particles are mainly prepared from limestone ore residue particles of various grades in the following mass percentages: 85% of particles with a diameter of 2-0.02mm: 15% of particles with a diameter of 0.02-0.002mm: 0% of particles with a diameter of -0.002mm .

Wherein, the improved substance A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in mass percentage: 55% of clay minerals: 10% of agricultural and forestry wastes: 35% of farmyard manure.

Wherein, the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared through the following steps:

A. Add the straw with a length of 0.25mm~0.5mm, the twig wood, and the edible fungus matrix according to the mass percentage: 35% of the straw, 45% of the edible fungus matrix, and 20% of the twig wood. Add the corrosion-resistant mixer and stir evenly to obtain a mixture;

B. Add concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98% for carbonization, and stir for 20 minutes to obtain carbonized agricultural and forestry waste. The mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture is: concentrated sulfuric acid: mixture = 5:1.

Among them, the improved substance B has a particle size of 0.25 mm to 0.075 mm, and is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 40 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of potassium nitrate, 25 parts of ammonium nitrate, nitrohumic acid 15 servings.

The preparation method of described a kind of limestone mine quarry surface residue sandy loam, comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix the limestone residue and the improved substance A evenly to obtain a mixture;

(2) Add the aerobic fermentation flora to the mixture in step (1) and mix well, carry out compost aerobic fermentation, the inoculum amount is 3wt% of the mixture, and ventilate for 5 days;

(3) Add the improved substance B to the fermented mixture in step (2) and mix evenly to obtain the mixture;

(4) Add the biological activator to the mixture in step (3), and cover it with plastic film for 5 days to mineralize and decompose the matrix to obtain qualified sandy loam.

Example 2

This example provides a limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in volume percentage: limestone residue 70%: improved substance A 20%: improved substance B 6%: biological activator 4 %.

Among them, the limestone ore residue particles are mainly prepared from the following mass percentages of limestone ore residue particles of various sizes: 70% of particles with a diameter of 2-0.02mm: 27% of particles with a diameter of 0.02-0.002mm: 3% of particles with a diameter of -0.002mm .

Wherein, the improved substance A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in mass percentage: 45% of clay minerals: 15% of agricultural and forestry wastes: 40% of farmyard manure.

Wherein, the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared through the following steps:

A. Put the 0.25mm~0.5mm length of straw, twig wood and edible fungus matrix according to the mass percentage: straw 25%, edible fungus matrix 37%, and twig wood 38% into a corrosion-resistant mixer and stir evenly to obtain a mixture;

B. Add concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98% for carbonization, and stir for 50 minutes to obtain carbonized agricultural and forestry waste. The mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture is: concentrated sulfuric acid: mixture = 5:3.

Among them, the particle size of the improved substance B is 0.25mm~0.075mm, and it is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 30 parts of urea, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 13 parts of potassium nitrate, 27 parts of ammonium nitrate, nitrohumic acid 18 servings.

The preparation method of described a kind of limestone mine quarry surface residue sandy loam, comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix the limestone residue and the improved substance A evenly to obtain a mixture;

(2) Add the aerobic fermentation flora to the mixture in step (1) and mix well, carry out compost aerobic fermentation, the inoculum amount is 4wt% of the mixture, and ventilate for 7 days;

(3) Add the improved substance B to the fermented mixture in step (2) and mix evenly to obtain the mixture;

(4) Add the biological activator to the mixture in step (3), and cover it with plastic film for 6 days to mineralize and decompose the matrix to obtain qualified sandy loam.

Example 3

This example provides a limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in volume percentage: limestone residue 55%: improved substance A 30%: improved substance B1 0%: biological activator 5 %.

Wherein, the limestone ore residue particles are mainly prepared from limestone ore residue particles of various sizes in the following mass percentages: 55% of particles with a diameter of 2-0.02mm: 40% of particles with a diameter of 0.02-0.002mm: 5% of particles with a diameter of -0.002mm .

Wherein, the improved substance A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in mass percentage: 35% of clay minerals: 20% of agricultural and forestry wastes: 45% of farmyard manure.

Wherein, the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared through the following steps:

A. Put the 0.25mm~0.5mm length of straw, twig wood, and edible fungus matrix according to the mass percentage: straw 15%, edible fungus matrix 30%, and twig wood 55% into a corrosion-resistant mixer and stir evenly to obtain a mixture;

B. Add concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98% for carbonization, and stir for 80 minutes to obtain carbonized agricultural and forestry waste. The mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture is: concentrated sulfuric acid: mixture = 5:5.

Among them, the improved substance B has a particle size of 0.25 mm to 0.075 mm, and is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 20 parts of urea, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts of potassium nitrate, 30 parts of ammonium nitrate, nitrohumic acid 20 servings.

The preparation method of described a kind of limestone mine quarry surface residue sandy loam, comprises the following steps:

(1) Mix the limestone residue and the improved substance A evenly to obtain a mixture;

(2) Add the aerobic fermentation flora to the mixture in step (1) and mix well, carry out compost aerobic fermentation, the inoculum amount is 5wt% of the mixture, and ventilate for 8 days;

(3) Add the improved substance B to the fermented mixture in step (2) and mix evenly to obtain the mixture;

(4) Add the biological activator to the mixture in step (3), and cover it with plastic film for 7 days to decompose the matrix and obtain qualified sandy loam.

The sandy loam soil that above-mentioned embodiment 1-3 is made is popularized and used in limestone mine waste land, plant bamboo willow in 600 mu of limestone mine waste land, plant 2600 per mu, these 600 mu areas are divided into four big block areas each 150 Mu, the thickness of the soil layer of sandy loam and muck is 50cm, and the test results after one year are as follows:

DBH (cm) Plant height (m) Biomass (t/mu) muck 1.5 227 2.0 Example 1 2 358 2.2 Example 2 2.2 380 2.5 Example 3 2.5 410 2.6

As can be seen from the test results in the above table, using the sandy loam of the present invention to plant bamboo willows on the abandoned limestone mines, the diameter at breast height, ground diameter and biological quality indicators of bamboo willows all increase significantly.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, mainly prepared from the following raw materials in volume percentage: limestone residue 55%~85%: improved substance A 10%~30%: improved substance B 3%~10% : Biological activator 2%~5%. 2. A kind of limestone ore quarry surface residue sandy loam soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described limestone ore residue particle is mainly prepared from the limestone ore residue particle of each size grade of following mass percent: diameter 2 ~0.02mm particles 55%~85%: diameter 0.02~0.002mm particles 15%~40%: diameter -0.002mm particles 0%~5%. 3. The surface residue sandy loam soil of a limestone quarry according to claim 1, wherein the improved substance A is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in mass percentage: 35%~55% of clay minerals: agricultural and forestry waste 10%~20% of fertilizer: 35%~45% of farmyard manure. 4. The improved substance A according to claim 3, characterized in that, the clay mineral particle size is -0.075mm100%, mainly prepared from the following ratio raw materials: illite: kaolinite: montmorillonite=1.5 :3:2.5. 5. The improved substance A according to claim 3, characterized in that, the agricultural and forestry wastes are prepared through the following steps: A. Add the straw with a length of 0.25mm~0.5mm, twig wood, and edible fungus substrate into the corrosion-resistant mixer according to the mass percentage: 15%~35% of straw, 30%~45% of edible fungus substrate, and 20%~55% of twig wood. Stir well to obtain a mixture; B. Add concentrated sulfuric acid with a concentration of 98% for carbonization, stir for 20 minutes to 80 minutes, and obtain carbonized agricultural and forestry waste. The mass ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid to the mixture is: concentrated sulfuric acid: mixture = 5:1~5. 6. The improved substance A according to claim 3, characterized in that, the farmyard manure comprises one or more of guano, chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, sheep manure, the farmyard manure The mass fraction of organic matter in dry matter is ≥45%, the water content in fresh weight of farmyard manure is ≤35%, and the pH value is 6.0~8.0. 7. the preparation method of a kind of limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described improved material B is 0.25mm～0.075mm, is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 20~40 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~15 parts of potassium nitrate, 25~30 parts of ammonium nitrate, 15~20 parts of nitro humic acid. 8. the preparation method of a kind of limestone mine quarry surface residue sandy loam according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described biological activator particle diameter is 0.25～0.5mm, is mainly prepared from following ratio raw material: Zinc sulfate: copper sulfate: ferrous sulfate=1.5:2.5:6. 9. The present invention also provides a method for preparing limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam, comprising the following steps: (1) Mix the limestone residue and the improved substance A evenly to obtain a mixture; (2) Add the aerobic fermentation flora to the mixture in step (1) and mix well, carry out compost aerobic fermentation, the inoculum amount is 3-5wt% of the mixture, and ventilate for 5d-8d; (3) Add the improved substance B to the fermented mixture in step (2) and mix evenly to obtain the mixture; (4) Add the biological activator to the mixture in step (3), and cover it with plastic film for 5d~7d to decompose the matrix and obtain qualified sandy loam. 10. A method for preparing limestone quarry surface residue sandy loam according to claim 7, characterized in that, said step (2) aerobic fermentation flora includes Aspergillus, yeast, Bacillus subtilis, Potassium-solubilizing bacteria and nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the dosage ratio of each strain is: Aspergillus: Yeast: Bacillus subtilis: Potassium-solving bacteria: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria = 2:1.2:0.6:1.8:1.