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CN110545148B - A Meteor Trail Link Planning and Prediction Method Based on GIS System - Google Patents

A Meteor Trail Link Planning and Prediction Method Based on GIS System Download PDF

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CN110545148B
CN110545148B CN201910830508.7A CN201910830508A CN110545148B CN 110545148 B CN110545148 B CN 110545148B CN 201910830508 A CN201910830508 A CN 201910830508A CN 110545148 B CN110545148 B CN 110545148B
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meteor trail
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trail
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王旭
钟亚
宋晓倩
肖永剑
于晓磊
宋建明
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CETC 54 Research Institute
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/373—Predicting channel quality or other radio frequency [RF] parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/145—Network analysis or design involving simulating, designing, planning or modelling of a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/14—Network analysis or design
    • H04L41/147—Network analysis or design for predicting network behaviour
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0805—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters by checking availability
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于GIS(Geographic Information System)系统的流星余迹链路规划与预测方法，属于通信技术领域。流星余迹信道模型的构建过程相对复杂，同时流星现象的出现具有很强的地域性，传统的流星余迹链路分析方法依赖于图上作业的人工预测，工作量大、预测效率低且结果准确度差。为解决以上问题，我们以GIS平台为依托，结合具体高程数据对规划的流星余迹链路通信质量进行分析预测，完全由程序实现，高效、可靠、便捷。本发明充分考虑实际地形环境给链路开通带来的影响，使流星余迹站点选址与链路规划的精确性大幅提高，特别适用于复杂地形环境下流星余迹通信系统设计阶段的通信站址选择和链路规划预测。

Figure 201910830508

The invention discloses a method for planning and predicting a meteor trail link based on a GIS (Geographic Information System) system, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The construction process of the meteor trail channel model is relatively complex, and the meteor phenomenon has a strong regionality. The traditional meteor trail link analysis method relies on the manual prediction of the operation on the map, which has a large workload, low prediction efficiency and results. Poor accuracy. In order to solve the above problems, we rely on the GIS platform and combine the specific elevation data to analyze and predict the communication quality of the planned meteor trail link, which is completely realized by the program, which is efficient, reliable and convenient. The present invention fully considers the influence of actual terrain environment on link opening, greatly improves the accuracy of site selection and link planning of meteor trails, and is especially suitable for communication stations in the design stage of meteor trails communication system under complex terrain environment address selection and link planning prediction.

Figure 201910830508

Description

Meteor trail link planning and predicting method based on GIS (geographic information System)
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, relates to a meteor trail link planning and predicting method based on a GIS (geographic Information system), and is particularly suitable for communication station address selection and link planning prediction in the design stage of a meteor trail communication system in a complex terrain environment.
Background
Meteoric trail communication belongs to a long-distance burst communication mode, and reliable information transmission with a single-hop communication distance of 500-2000km can be realized within a frequency range of 30-50 MHz. As an important communication means of minimum emergency communication, meteor trail communication is widely applied to emergency communication safeguards such as strategic emergency communication systems in the national defense and military field and meteorological data acquisition, hydrological monitoring, disaster reporting and the like in the civil field.
The construction process of the meteor trail channel model is relatively complex, the occurrence of meteor phenomenon has strong regionality, and the communication quality of the meteor trail link is closely related to geographic information such as terrain, landform and the like, so that the estimation of the meteor trail link has high calculation difficulty. The traditional meteor trail link analysis method depends on manual prediction of operation on a graph, and can be finally determined only by field survey after a station address is selected to complete link budget, so that the problems of large workload, low prediction efficiency, poor result accuracy and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a meteor trail link planning and prediction method based on a GIS (geographic information system) system, aiming at overcoming the defects of poor accuracy, low calculation efficiency and the like of the traditional meteor trail link planning method and comprehensively considering the influence of the actual terrain environment on link opening. The method is based on a GIS platform, analyzes and predicts the communication quality of the planned meteor trail link by combining specific elevation data, has the advantages of high accuracy, high calculation efficiency, convenience in operation, good visualization effect and the like, and can provide reliable auxiliary decision support for the deployment and the opening of the meteor trail link.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a meteor trail link planning and predicting method based on a GIS (geographic information system) comprises the following steps:
(1) after the electronic map is loaded, selecting a transmitting end site and a receiving end site of the meteor trail link according to geographic information data provided by a GIS (geographic information system), allocating meteor trail communication equipment for the sites, and connecting icons of the two selected sites in a pair on the electronic map to complete link establishment;
(2) calculating the great circle distance and meteor trail height between two stations by using a spherical geometric formula according to the geographical position information of the selected station and the working frequency parameter of meteor trail communication equipment;
(3) acquiring elevation information of a transmitting end station and a receiving end station, respectively estimating the elevation angles of the antennas of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station by combining the calculated great circle distance and meteor trail height, judging whether a link meets communication requirements or not according to an elevation angle constraint range, and executing the step (4) if the link meets the communication requirements; otherwise, judging that the link is not accessible;
(4) respectively calculating the antenna frame heights of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station according to the estimated antenna elevation angles of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station and an actual engineering empirical formula, respectively comparing the antenna frame heights of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station with the antenna frame height range of meteor trail communication equipment equipped by the station, judging whether a link meets communication requirements, and if so, executing the step (5); otherwise, judging that the link is not accessible;
(5) according to the longitude and latitude information of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station, carrying out data sampling on the elevation value of the link profile, and calculating the meteor trail intersection point position according to the antenna elevation angle and the antenna frame height of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station; the elevation value of the link profile and the intersection point position of the meteor trail are used for drawing and displaying a link elevation profile, whether the link is shielded or not is judged, if shielding exists, shielding point position information is obtained, plotting is completed on the profile, and the link is judged to be not communicated; otherwise, executing the step (6);
(6) according to the elevation profile of the link, calculating the receiving power of the meteor trail link according to a calculation formula of meteor trail receiving signal power, and further predicting the on-off state of the link;
and finishing planning and prediction of the meteor trail link based on the GIS system.
Wherein, the step (1) specifically comprises the following steps:
(101) in a GIS system, selecting a designated electronic map file, opening an electronic map and loading geographic information data;
(102) respectively selecting the positions of a sending end station and a receiving end station on an electronic map;
(103) selecting meteor trail communication equipment from a meteor trail communication equipment library, and sequentially allocating meteor trail communication equipment to a sending end station and a receiving end station;
(104) and selecting icons of the sending terminal station and the receiving terminal station on the electronic map for connection to finish the preliminary planning of the meteor trail link.
Wherein, the step (5) comprises the following steps:
(501) according to the longitude and latitude information of the transmitting end station and the receiving end station, carrying out data sampling on the elevation value of the link profile on a GIS (geographic information system);
(502) spherical surface transformation is carried out on each sampling value on the link profile by utilizing a spherical surface geometric formula;
(503) calculating the intersection point position of meteor trail according to the antenna elevation angle and the antenna elevation;
(504) utilizing the positions of the intersection points of the meteor trail and each sampling value on the link profile after the spherical surface transformation to draw and display a link elevation profile, wherein the drawing and display comprises plotting on a graph of a ground plane, the sampling elevation values, the intersection points of the trail and a radio wave propagation path;
(505) calculating whether a link has shielding conditions according to the geometrical relationship among the incident path, the reflection path, the antenna elevation angle and the intersection point position of the trail, if the link has shielding, acquiring the position information of the shielding points, completing plotting on a sectional view, and judging that the link is not accessible; otherwise, step (6) is executed.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the influence of geographic factors such as landform and landform is fully considered by relying on elevation data provided by a GIS system, so that the accuracy of site selection and link planning of meteor trail sites is greatly improved;
2. compared with the traditional prediction method for the operation on the manual graph, the link planning process is completely realized by a program, manual calculation is not needed, and the method is more efficient, reliable and convenient;
3. the link elevation profile visualization method can realize the visualization of the link elevation profile, so that the link analysis is more visual;
4. when the link communication quality is predicted, the invention can provide the rapid positioning of the link failure factors, so that the adjustment of the link planning parameters is more targeted and more reasonable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a software implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the present invention for establishing meteor trail links;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the geometry of the meteor trail link elevation profile of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph comparing the link communication quality prediction results of the present invention with actual experimental data.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Fig. 1 is a software implementation flowchart of the present invention, and a meteor trail link planning and predicting method based on a GIS system specifically includes the following steps:
(1) and after the electronic map is loaded, selecting a sending terminal station and a receiving terminal station of the meteor trail link according to geographic information data provided by the GIS, and allocating proper meteor trail communication equipment for the stations. And connecting the icon pairs of the two selected sites on the electronic map to complete the link establishment.
As shown in fig. 2, a specific process for establishing a meteor trail link includes the following steps:
(101) in a GIS system, a designated electronic map file is selected, a map is opened, geographic information data is loaded, and the map file loading is finished by taking a Chinese map as an example.
(102) The positions of a sending end station and a receiving end station are respectively selected on the electronic map, and the stations can be accurately positioned by inputting specific longitude and latitude information.
The position information of the station comprises longitude, latitude and altitude, wherein the input modes of the longitude and the latitude comprise three modes, namely a degree, a degree and a minute second format, and the numerical value of the altitude is automatically acquired and displayed according to the input longitude and latitude information. In the embodiment, the spring and the Shijiazhuang are respectively selected as a sending end station and a receiving end station.
(103) Selecting communication equipment with proper model from the existing meteor trail communication equipment library, and sequentially allocating meteor trail communication equipment to the sending end station and the receiving end station.
The meteor trail communication equipment library comprises equipment of various types, and the equipment station types are divided into four types, namely a fixed main station, a vehicle-mounted main station, a box-type main station and a portable slave station. The related parameters of the equipment are six items, namely the equipment model, the antenna frame height, the number of the antennas, the equipment station type, the transmitting power and the transmitting frequency. In this embodiment, in this step, a fixed master station type meteor trail device is provided for the fountain of the sending site, and a vehicle-mounted master station type device is provided for the stone house of the receiving site.
(104) And selecting icons of the sending terminal station and the receiving terminal station on the electronic map to perform connection operation, and finishing the preliminary planning of the meteor trail link.
(2) According to the geographic position information, the working frequency and other parameters of the stations, the spherical geometric formula is utilized to calculate and obtain geometric parameters such as great circle distance, meteor trail height and the like between the two stations.
The concrete formula is
h＝124-17lg f
Wherein h is the meteor trail height, and f is the operating frequency of the meteor trail communication device (here, the average value of the operating frequency of the transmitting end and the operating frequency of the receiving end is taken).
(3) And acquiring elevation information of the transmitting station and the receiving station, and respectively estimating the antenna elevation angles of the transmitting station and the receiving station by combining the calculated parameters such as great circle distance, trail height and the like. Judging whether the link meets the communication requirement or not according to the elevation angle constraint range, and if so, entering the step (4) to continue execution; otherwise, the link is determined to be unavailable. In the embodiment, the elevation angle of the antenna of the wine spring-stone house link is 5.2 degrees, and the communication requirement is met within the restriction range of the elevation angle.
(4) Acquiring the antenna frame heights of the stations of the transmitting end and the receiving end according to the calculated antenna elevation angle and an actual engineering empirical formula, comparing the antenna frame heights with the antenna frame height range of equipment equipped in the stations, judging whether a link meets communication requirements or not, and if so, entering the step (5) to continue execution; otherwise, the link is determined to be unavailable.
The practical engineering empirical formula is
Figure BDA0002190534250000061
Where θ is the calculated antenna elevation angle, f is the operating frequency, and λ is the wavelength.
(5) After various geometrical parameters of the link are obtained, the elevation information of each sampling point is read from the GIS system by sampling the profile of the link, and calculation analysis and visual display of the elevation profile of the link are completed.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the geometry of a meteor trail link elevation profile. The specific implementation of the link elevation profile analysis comprises the following steps:
(501) according to the longitude and latitude information of the transmitting and receiving stations, carrying out data sampling on the elevation value of the link profile from the GIS;
(502) performing spherical transformation on each sampling value on the section by using a spherical geometric formula;
(503) calculating the intersection point position of the trail according to the parameters of the antenna elevation angle, the antenna frame and the like;
(504) the method comprises the following steps of finishing drawing and displaying of a link elevation profile by combining an elevation data set of profile sampling points, wherein drawing and displaying of elements such as a ground plane, a sampling elevation value, a trail intersection point and a radio wave propagation path are plotted on the graph;
(505) and calculating whether the link has shielding conditions according to the geometrical relationship of the parameters such as the incident path, the reflection path, the antenna elevation angle, the trail intersection point position and the like. If the shielding exists, acquiring position information of the shielding point, completing plotting on the sectional diagram, and judging that the link is not accessible; otherwise, the step (6) is entered for continuing execution.
In this embodiment, the calculated trace intersection point is located at 95.496km high above the 658km distance from the transmission station, and no blocking occurs on the radio wave propagation path of the link.
(6) And calculating the received power parameter of the meteor trail link according to a calculation formula of meteor trail received signal power by combining the elevation profile of the link, and further predicting the on-off state of the link. The formula for calculating the power of the meteor trail receiving signal is
Figure BDA0002190534250000071
Wherein, PRTo receive power, PTTo transmit power, RT、RRThe distances from the meteor trail to the transmitting end and the receiving end are respectively, q is the electron linear density, and f is the working frequency.
In the embodiment, the received signal power calculated by the link is higher than the receiving threshold of the equipment and the environmental background noise, and the communication requirement is met, so that the on-off state of the link is predicted to be open.
And after the six steps are executed, planning and predicting the meteor trail link based on the GIS can be completed.
The method of the invention is realized by software programming by using C # language, and after a plurality of tests and verifications, the planning and predicting functions of the method can be further proved by a data comparison graph shown in figure 4. As can be seen from the analysis of fig. 4, for the parameters of the antenna elevation, the antenna elevation angle, the link on-off result, and the like of the link 1 and the link 2, the values of the measured data in the engineering test and the calculated result of the method of the present invention are all substantially the same. In conclusion, the meteor trail link planning and prediction method based on the GIS has good practicability, and can provide efficient and reliable auxiliary decision support for meteor trail site deployment and site selection and link planning and opening.

Claims (3)

1.一种基于GIS系统的流星余迹链路规划与预测方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：1. a meteor trail link planning and prediction method based on GIS system, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1)加载电子地图后，根据GIS系统提供的地理信息数据，选取流星余迹链路的发送端站点和接收端站点，并为站点配备流星余迹通信设备,在电子地图上将选取的两个站点的图标结对连接起来，以完成建链；(1) After loading the electronic map, according to the geographic information data provided by the GIS system, select the sending end site and the receiving end site of the meteor trail link, and equip the site with meteor trail communication equipment. The icons of each site are connected in pairs to complete chain building; (2)根据选取站点的地理位置信息和流星余迹通信设备的工作频率参数，利用球面几何公式，计算两个站点间的大圆距离和流星余迹高度；(2) According to the geographic location information of the selected site and the operating frequency parameters of the meteor after-travel communication equipment, using the spherical geometric formula, calculate the great circle distance and the meteor trail height between the two sites; (3)获取发送端和接收端站点的高程信息，结合计算出的大圆距离和流星余迹高度，分别对发送端和接收端站点的天线仰角进行估算，依据仰角约束范围，判断链路是否满足通信要求，若满足，则执行步骤(4)；否则，判定链路不可通；(3) Obtain the elevation information of the transmitter and receiver sites, and combine the calculated great circle distance and meteor trail height to estimate the antenna elevation angles of the transmitter and receiver sites, respectively, and determine whether the link meets the requirements of the elevation angle constraint. If the communication requirements are met, step (4) is performed; otherwise, it is determined that the link is unreachable; (4)根据估算出的发送端和接收端站点的天线仰角，按照实际工程经验公式，分别计算发送端和接收端站点的天线架高，并将发送端和接收端站点的天线架高分别与站点所配备的流星余迹通信设备的天线架高范围进行对比，判断链路是否满足通信要求，若满足，则执行步骤(5)；否则，判定链路不可通；(4) According to the estimated antenna elevation angles of the transmitter and receiver sites, according to the actual engineering experience formula, calculate the antenna heights of the transmitter and receiver sites respectively, and compare the antenna heights of the transmitter and receiver sites with Compare the antenna height range of the meteor trail communication equipment equipped at the site to determine whether the link meets the communication requirements, and if so, perform step (5); otherwise, determine that the link is unreachable; (5)根据发送端站点和接收端站点的经纬度信息，对链路剖面的高程值进行数据采样，并根据发送端和接收端站点的天线仰角和天线架高推算出流星余迹交点位置；利用链路剖面的高程值以及流星余迹交点位置进行链路高程剖面图的绘制显示，判断链路是否有遮挡情况，若存在遮挡，则获取遮挡点位置信息，在剖面图上完成标绘，并判定链路不可通；否则，执行步骤(6)；(5) According to the longitude and latitude information of the sending end site and the receiving end site, data sampling is carried out on the elevation value of the link profile, and the position of the intersection point of the meteor trail is calculated according to the antenna elevation angle and antenna elevation of the sending end and the receiving end site; using The elevation value of the link profile and the location of the intersection of the meteor trails are used to draw and display the link elevation profile to determine whether the link is blocked. It is determined that the link is unreachable; otherwise, step (6) is performed; (6)根据链路高程剖面图，按照流星余迹接收信号功率的计算公式，计算出流星余迹链路的接收功率，进而预测出链路的通断状态；(6) According to the link elevation profile, according to the calculation formula of the received signal power of the meteor trail, the received power of the meteor trail link is calculated, and then the on-off state of the link is predicted; 完成基于GIS系统的流星余迹链路的规划与预测。Complete the planning and prediction of the meteor trail link based on GIS system. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于GIS系统的流星余迹链路规划与预测方法，其特征在于：所述的步骤(1)具体包括以下步骤：2. a kind of meteor trail link planning and prediction method based on GIS system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step (1) specifically comprises the following steps: (101)在GIS系统中，选择指定电子地图文件，打开电子地图并加载地理信息数据；(101) In the GIS system, select the specified electronic map file, open the electronic map and load the geographic information data; (102)在电子地图上分别选取发送端站点和接收端站点位置；(102) respectively selecting the location of the sending end site and the receiving end site on the electronic map; (103)从流星余迹通信设备库中选取流星余迹通信设备，依次为发送端站点和接收端站点配备流星余迹通信设备；(103) selecting a meteor after-track communication device from the meteor after-track communication equipment library, and sequentially equipping the sending end site and the receiving end site with a meteor after-track communication device; (104)在电子地图上选择发送端站点和接收端站点的图标进行连接，完成流星余迹链路的初步规划。(104) Select the icons of the sending end site and the receiving end site on the electronic map to connect, and complete the preliminary planning of the meteor trail link. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于GIS系统的流星余迹链路规划与预测方法，其特征在于：步骤(5)具体包括以下步骤：3. a kind of meteor trail link planning and prediction method based on GIS system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step (5) specifically comprises the following steps: (501)根据发送端站点和接收端站点的经纬度信息，在GIS系统上对链路剖面的高程值进行数据采样；(501) According to the longitude and latitude information of the sending end site and the receiving end site, perform data sampling on the elevation value of the link profile on the GIS system; (502)利用球面几何公式，对链路剖面上各采样值进行球面变换；(502) Use spherical geometric formula to perform spherical transformation on each sampled value on the link profile; (503)根据天线仰角和天线架高，推算出流星余迹交点位置；(503) According to the antenna elevation angle and the antenna height, calculate the position of the intersection of the meteor trails; (504)利用流星余迹交点位置以及球面变换后的链路剖面上各采样值，进行链路高程剖面图的绘制显示，包括地平面、采样高程值、余迹交点以及电波传播路径的图上标绘；(504) Draw and display the link elevation profile, including the ground plane, the sampling elevation value, the aftertrace intersection and the radio wave propagation path by using the position of the meteor trail intersection and each sampled value on the link profile after spherical transformation. plotting; (505)根据入射路径、反射路径、天线仰角以及余迹交点位置的几何关系，计算链路是否有遮挡情况，若存在遮挡，则获取遮挡点位置信息，在剖面图上完成标绘，并判定链路不可通；否则，执行步骤(6)。(505) Calculate whether the link is blocked according to the geometric relationship between the incident path, the reflection path, the antenna elevation angle, and the position of the intersection point of the trace. The link is unreachable; otherwise, go to step (6).
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