CN110584739B - Osteotomy measurement device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a device for measuring osteotomy quantity, which comprises: the positioning structure comprises a mounting groove; the support piece comprises a first end and a second end, the first end is positioned in the mounting groove, and the second end protrudes out of the positioning structure; the measuring structure comprises a measuring body part, a ranging module, a sliding measuring module and an angle measuring module. The coordinates of each measuring point on the femoral condyle surface in a preset space coordinate system are measured, wherein the coordinates comprise an X-axis coordinate, a Y-axis coordinate and a Z-axis coordinate, and then the accurate position of each measuring point is obtained according to the measured coordinate values, and then the osteotomy quantity can be accurately calculated according to the coordinate values.

Description

Osteotomy measurement device

Technical field

The present application relates to the medical field, and specifically to a device for measuring osteotomy volume.

Background technique

Total knee arthroplasty, one of the major joint replacement surgeries, is a mature operation. The success of total knee arthroplasty and the study of factors affecting its clinical efficacy have always been issues of concern. To achieve good long-term clinical effects, the selection of indications, selection of prostheses, accurate surgical techniques, and pre-operative management are all very important. In particular, the requirements for surgical skills are high, which must be accurate in three-dimensional space. During osteotomy and three-dimensional placement of the prosthesis, attention should also be paid to the balance and stability of the gaps and soft tissues such as ligaments during flexion and extension of the knee joint to ensure accurate placement of the femoral, tibial and patellar prosthetic components.

The most important goals of total knee replacement are to restore the alignment of the lower limbs and balance the flexion-extension gap of the knee joint. The force line of the lower limb is an imaginary straight line starting from the rotation center of the femoral head and ending at the midpoint of the medial and lateral malleolus. It represents the mechanical transmission line of the normal human lower limb in the weight-bearing position. For normal people, the distal femoral side of the lower limb has a valgus angle of 5° to 7° with this line of force, while the proximal tibial side has a varus angle of 2° to 3° with this line. Therefore, in When performing knee osteotomy in TKA surgery, the above anatomical factors must be taken into consideration so that the alignment of the lower limbs can be reestablished to the ideal state of varus and varus tending to 0°. Accurate osteotomy is the key to ensuring accurate alignment of the lower limbs.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of this application is to provide a device for measuring the amount of osteotomy to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to accurately determine the amount of osteotomy.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, a device for measuring the amount of osteotomy is provided. The device includes: a positioning structure including a mounting groove; a support member including a first end and a second end, the first end being The second end is located in the installation groove, and the second end protrudes from the positioning structure; the measurement structure includes a measurement body part, a distance measurement module, a sliding measurement module and an angle measurement module, and the measurement body part has a receiving cavity, so The measurement body part is connected to the second end, the distance measurement module, the sliding measurement module and the angle measurement module are located in the accommodation cavity, and the distance measurement module is used to measure each angle on the surface of the femoral condyle. The distance between the measurement point and the reference plane. The reference plane is the plane where the predetermined point of the distance measurement module is located, and the reference plane is parallel to the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The sliding measurement module is used to Measure the distance between the projection point and the coordinate origin. The coordinate origin is the origin of the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The projection point is the projection of the measurement point on the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The angle The measurement module is used to measure the angle between a predetermined connection line and the X-axis, where the predetermined connection line is a connection line between the projection point and the coordinate origin.

Further, the measurement structure can rotate about the axis of the support member and move along the length direction of the measurement structure.

Further, the ranging module includes: a laser emitting structure for emitting ranging laser from the predetermined point to the measurement point; a laser receiving structure for receiving the laser beam reflected from the measurement point back to the predetermined point. The ranging laser.

Further, the measurement body part includes a third end and a fourth end, the measurement body part further includes a connection part between the third end and the fourth end, the connection part is connected to the third end. The two ends are connected, and the ranging module is located in the accommodation cavity corresponding to the third end.

Further, the sliding measurement module and the angle measurement module are spaced apart in the accommodation cavity corresponding to the connecting part.

Further, the positioning structure includes: a positioning body part, the mounting groove is located on the positioning body part, the positioning body part has a positioning hole; and a positioning piece is inserted into the positioning hole.

Further, the positioning member is a Kirschner wire.

Further, the measurement device further includes: a data processing unit located in the accommodation cavity and used to calculate the osteotomy amount based on the data measured by the measurement structure.

Further, the data processing unit includes: a data storage module for storing measurement data; a wireless data transmission module for transmitting the measurement data to a computer or mobile device; and a micro-control module for processing the measurement data. Perform calculations; a power supply circuit is electrically connected to the data storage module, the wireless data transmission module and the micro-control module respectively.

Further, the data processing unit also includes a pre-processing circuit, including a filter module, an amplification module and an analog-to-digital conversion module.

Applying the technical solution of the present application, in the above-mentioned measurement structure of the present application, during use, the above-mentioned ranging module is used to measure the first distance. The above-mentioned first distance is between each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle and the reference plane. The reference plane is the plane of the measuring body close to the surface of the femoral condyle. The second distance is the distance between the reference plane and the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system, and the reference plane is parallel to the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned sliding measurement module is used to measure the third distance. The above-mentioned third distance is the distance between the projection point and the coordinate origin. The above-mentioned coordinate origin is the origin of the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned projection point is the distance between the above-mentioned measurement point in the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system. Projection on the XY plane. The above-mentioned angle measurement module is used to measure the measurement angle. The above-mentioned measurement angle is the angle between the predetermined connection line and the X-axis. The above-mentioned predetermined connection line is the connection line between the above-mentioned projection point and the above-mentioned coordinate origin. Angle, using trigonometric functions, the X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate of the above-mentioned measurement point can be determined, and the Z-axis coordinate of the above-mentioned measurement point can be determined through the difference between the second distance and the above-mentioned first distance, where the second distance is the above-mentioned reference plane The distance from the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system.

The measurement device of the present application measures the coordinates of each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle in a predetermined spatial coordinate system, including X-axis coordinates, Y-axis coordinates and Z-axis coordinates, and then obtains each measurement point based on the measured coordinate values. The precise position of the bone can be accurately calculated based on the coordinate values.

Description of drawings

The description and drawings that constitute a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation of this application. In the attached picture:

Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an osteotomy volume measuring device in use according to an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 2 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of a device for measuring osteotomy volume according to an embodiment of the present application;

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of an osteotomy volume measurement method according to an embodiment of the present application; and

Figure 4 shows a partial structural schematic diagram of yet another osteotomy amount measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following reference signs:

1. Femur to be measured; 10. Positioning structure; 11. Installation groove; 12. Positioning body part; 13. Positioning piece; 20. Support piece; 21. First end; 22. Second end; 30. Measurement structure; 31 , Measurement body part; 32. Ranging module; 320. Laser emitting structure; 321. Laser receiving structure; 33. Sliding measurement module; 34. Angle measurement module; 35. Accommodating cavity; 36. Third end; 37. Fourth terminal; 40. Data processing unit; 41. Data storage module; 42. Wireless data transmission module; 43. Micro control module; 44. Power supply circuit; 45. Preprocessing circuit; 450. Filter module; 451. Amplification module; 452. Analog-to-digital conversion module; 50. Power supply unit.

Detailed ways

It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it will be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "includes" are used in this specification, they indicate There are features, steps, operations, means, components and/or combinations thereof.

It will be understood that when an element (such as a layer, film, region, or substrate) is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, it can be "directly connected" to the other element, or "connected" to the other element through a third element.

As introduced in the background art, in the prior art, it is difficult to accurately determine the amount of osteotomy. In order to solve the above problem of difficulty in accurately determining the amount of osteotomy, this application proposes a device for measuring the amount of osteotomy.

Figures 1 and 2 both show at least part of the structural schematic diagram of an osteotomy amount measuring device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the device includes:

The positioning structure 10 includes a mounting groove 11. During use, the positioning structure 10 is fixed on the femur 1 to be measured, so that the measuring device is fixed on the femur 1 to be measured;

The support member 20 includes a first end 21 and a second end 22. The first end 21 is located in the installation groove 11, and the second end 22 protrudes from the positioning structure 10;

The measurement structure 30 includes a measurement body part 31, a distance measurement module 32, a sliding measurement module 33 and an angle measurement module 34. The measurement body part 31 has a receiving cavity 35. The measurement body part 31 is connected to the second end 22. The measurement body part 31 is connected to the second end 22. The distance module 32, the sliding measurement module 33 and the angle measurement module 34 are located in the accommodation cavity 35. The measurement structure 30 can rotate around the second end 22 and move along the length direction of the measurement structure 30. The distance measurement module 32 is used to measure the distance between each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle and the reference plane. The reference plane is the plane where the predetermined point of the distance measurement module is located, and the reference plane is parallel to the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned sliding measurement module 33 is used to measure the distance between the projection point and the coordinate origin. The above-mentioned coordinate origin is the origin of the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned projection point is the projection of the above-mentioned measurement point on the XY plane in the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned angle The measurement module 34 is used to measure the angle between a predetermined connection line and the X-axis, where the predetermined connection line is a connection line between the projection point and the coordinate origin.

In the above measurement structure, during use, the above distance measurement module is used to measure the first distance, and the above first distance is the distance between each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle and the reference plane. The above-mentioned sliding measurement module is used to measure the third distance. The above-mentioned third distance is the distance between the projection point and the coordinate origin. The above-mentioned coordinate origin is the origin of the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned projection point is the distance between the above-mentioned measurement point in the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system. Projection on the XY plane. The above-mentioned angle measurement module is used to measure the measurement angle. The above-mentioned measurement angle is the angle between the predetermined connection line and the X-axis. The above-mentioned predetermined connection line is the connection line between the above-mentioned projection point and the above-mentioned coordinate origin. Angle, using trigonometric functions, the X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate of the above-mentioned measurement point can be determined, and the Z-axis coordinate of the above-mentioned measurement point can be determined through the difference between the second distance and the above-mentioned first distance, where the second distance is the above-mentioned reference plane The distance from the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system to which the reference plane is parallel. Since in actual use, the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system and the reference plane are predefined, the distance between them, that is, the second distance, is a known quantity.

This solution measures the coordinates of each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle in a predetermined spatial coordinate system, including X-axis coordinates, Y-axis coordinates and Z-axis coordinates, and then obtains the precise location of each measurement point based on the measured coordinate values. , and then the osteotomy amount can be accurately calculated based on the coordinate values.

For example, as shown in Figure 3, the distance between the projection point P' of a certain measurement point P on the surface of the femoral condyle on the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system and the coordinate origin is L, and the measured angle is set to The positive angle between the axes, and the angle is θ, then there is, the X-axis coordinate of the measurement point is Lcosθ, and the Y-axis coordinate of the measurement point is Lsinθ. The second distance is set to H1, and the first distance is set to H2, then the Z-axis coordinate of the measurement point is H1-H2,

In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned measurement structure 30 can rotate on the axis of the above-mentioned support member 20 and can move along the length direction of the above-mentioned measurement structure 30, thereby ensuring a sufficiently large measurement. range, so that all measurement points on the femoral condyle surface can be measured.

In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned ranging module 32 includes a laser emitting structure 320 and a laser receiving structure 321. The laser emitting structure 320 and the laser receiving structure 321 are spaced apart in the accommodation cavity corresponding to the above-mentioned connection part. 35, which cannot be seen from the outside. In order to show the positions of the laser emitting structure 320 and the laser receiving structure 321, they are represented by dotted lines in FIG. 2 . The laser emitting structure 320 is used to emit the ranging laser from the above-mentioned predetermined point to the above-mentioned measurement point; the laser receiving structure 321 is used to receive the above-mentioned ranging laser reflected from the above-mentioned measurement point back to the above-mentioned predetermined point. As shown in Figure 3, the laser emitting structure emits laser from a predetermined point O to a measurement point P. The predetermined point O is a point on the above-mentioned reference plane. The above-mentioned reference plane is parallel to and has a predetermined distance from the XY plane in the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system. ; The laser receiving structure receives the laser reflected back from the measurement point P at the predetermined point O; the first distance is determined based on the time difference between emitting the laser and receiving the laser and the propagation speed of the laser. Laser has high-precision and high-energy properties. Using laser ranging can measure a more accurate distance. Using the reflection characteristics of the laser, combined with the time difference and the propagation speed of the laser, the first distance can be accurately determined, so that the first distance can be determined more accurately. Amount of osteotomy.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned measurement body part 31 includes a third end 36 and a fourth end 37, and the above-mentioned measurement body part 31 further includes a second end located between the above-mentioned third end 36 and the above-mentioned fourth end 37. The above-mentioned connecting part is connected with the above-mentioned second end 22. The above-mentioned ranging module 32 is located in the accommodation cavity 35 corresponding to the above-mentioned third end 36. The distance-measuring module 32 is arranged in the accommodation cavity 35 corresponding to the third end 36. It is helpful to increase the measurement range.

In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned sliding measurement module 33 and the above-mentioned angle measurement module 34 are located at intervals in the accommodation cavity 35 corresponding to the above-mentioned connection part, so that the sliding measurement module 33 and the angle measurement module 34 measure The measurement data is more accurate. In addition, those skilled in the art can set the relative position relationship between the sliding measurement module 33 and the angle measurement module 34 according to the actual situation.

In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 1, the above-mentioned positioning structure 10 includes a positioning body part 12 and a positioning piece 13. The above-mentioned mounting groove 11 is located on the above-mentioned positioning body part 12. The above-mentioned positioning body part 12 has a positioning hole (Fig. (not shown); the positioning member 13 is inserted into the above-mentioned positioning hole. The positioning member 13 further ensures that the measuring device can be stably fixed on the femur 1 to be measured during use.

In one embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned positioning member is a Kirschner wire, and the Kirschner wire is thin, which can further ensure that the measurement device can be more reliably fixed on the femur to be measured.

In order to further ensure that the method can accurately obtain the osteotomy amount, and further ensure that the osteotomy amount can be obtained efficiently and intelligently, in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2, the above-mentioned measurement device also includes a data processing unit 40 , the data processing unit 40 is located in the above-mentioned accommodation cavity 35, and the data processing unit 40 is used to calculate the osteotomy amount based on the data measured by the above-mentioned measurement structure 30.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the above-mentioned data processing unit 40 includes a data storage module 41, a wireless data transmission module 42, a micro control module 43 and a power supply circuit 44. The data storage module 41 is used to The measurement data is stored; the wireless data transmission module 42 is used to transmit the measurement data to a computer or mobile device; the micro control module 43 is used to calculate the measurement data; the power supply circuit 44 is connected with the data storage module 41 and the wireless data transmission The module 42 and the above-mentioned micro control module 43 are electrically connected respectively.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, the above-mentioned data processing unit 40 also includes a preprocessing circuit 45. The preprocessing circuit 45 includes a filtering module 450, an amplifying module 451 and an analog-to-digital conversion module 452. Generally speaking, due to the influence of external noise, the measurement data is often mixed with noise signals, so the measurement data is filtered to filter out the noise signals in the measurement data, so that more accurate measurement data can be obtained, and then based on the measurement The data yields a more accurate osteotomy volume. Specifically, the filtering process can be low-pass filtering, high-pass filtering, band-pass filtering, etc. The specific filtering process to be selected is determined by those skilled in the art based on the specific properties of the detected measurement data. In addition, the measured measurement data is often small, for example, the size is 0~30mV, so the filtered measurement data is amplified. Specifically, the amplification process can be realized by connecting a front-end amplification circuit. The selection of the front-end amplification circuit is determined by this field. Technicians choose according to the actual situation; in order to facilitate information processing, the analog signal is converted into a digital signal, which can then be processed by a microprocessor.

In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 2 , the above-mentioned measuring device further includes a power supply unit 50 , and the power supply unit 50 is located in the above-mentioned accommodation cavity 35 . The power supply unit 50 supplies power to the distance measurement module 32, the sliding measurement module 33, the angle measurement module 34 and the data processing unit 40. In addition, in practical applications, the data processing unit can be placed in the power supply unit to save measurement space.

It should also be noted that since the distance measurement module 32, the laser emitting structure 320, the laser receiving structure 321, the sliding measurement module 33, the angle measurement module 34, the data processing unit 40 and the power supply unit 50 are all located in the accommodation cavity 35, they cannot be viewed from the outside. It can be seen that in order to show the position of the above structure, it is represented by a dotted line in Figure 2.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

During use of the measurement device of the present application, the above-mentioned ranging module is used to measure the first distance, and the above-mentioned first distance is the distance between each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle and the reference plane. The above-mentioned sliding measurement module is used to measure the third distance. The above-mentioned third distance is the distance between the projection point and the coordinate origin. The above-mentioned coordinate origin is the origin of the predetermined spatial coordinate system. The above-mentioned projection point is the distance between the above-mentioned measurement point in the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system. Projection on the XY plane. The above-mentioned angle measurement module is used to measure the measurement angle. The above-mentioned measurement angle is the angle between the predetermined connection line and the X-axis. The above-mentioned predetermined connection line is the connection line between the above-mentioned projection point and the above-mentioned coordinate origin. Angle, using trigonometric functions, the X-axis coordinate and Y-axis coordinate of the above-mentioned measurement point can be determined, and the Z-axis coordinate of the above-mentioned measurement point can be determined through the difference between the second distance and the above-mentioned first distance, where the second distance is the above-mentioned reference plane The distance from the XY plane in the predetermined spatial coordinate system to which the reference plane is parallel. Since in actual use, the above-mentioned predetermined spatial coordinate system and the reference plane are predefined, the distance between them, that is, the second distance, is a known quantity.

The measurement device of the present application measures the coordinates of each measurement point on the surface of the femoral condyle in a predetermined spatial coordinate system, including X-axis coordinates, Y-axis coordinates and Z-axis coordinates, and then obtains each measurement point based on the measured coordinate values. The precise position of the bone can be accurately calculated based on the coordinate values.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (10)

1. A device for measuring osteotomy, comprising:

the positioning structure comprises a mounting groove;

a support member including a first end and a second end, the first end being positioned within the mounting slot, the second end protruding from the positioning structure;

the measuring structure comprises a measuring body part, a ranging module, a sliding measuring module and an angle measuring module, wherein the measuring body part is provided with a containing cavity, the measuring body part is connected with the second end, the ranging module, the sliding measuring module and the angle measuring module are positioned in the containing cavity, the ranging module is used for measuring the distance between each measuring point on the surface of a femoral condyle and a reference plane, the reference plane is a plane where a preset point of the ranging module is located, the reference plane is parallel to an XY plane in a preset space coordinate system, the sliding measuring module is used for measuring the distance between a projection point and an origin of coordinates, the origin of coordinates is the origin of the preset space coordinate system, the projection point is the projection of the measuring point on the XY plane in the preset space coordinate system, the angle measuring module is used for measuring an included angle between a preset connecting line and an X axis, and the preset connecting line is the projection point and the origin of coordinates.

2. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the measurement structure is rotatable about the support and movable along a length of the measurement structure.

3. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the ranging module comprises:

a laser emitting structure for emitting ranging laser light from the predetermined point to the measurement point;

and the laser receiving structure is used for receiving the ranging laser reflected from the measuring point back to the preset point.

4. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the measurement body portion includes a third end and a fourth end, the measurement body portion further includes a connection portion between the third end and the fourth end, the connection portion is connected to the second end, and the ranging module is located in a receiving cavity corresponding to the third end.

5. The measurement device of claim 4, wherein the sliding measurement module and the angle measurement module are positioned at intervals within corresponding receiving cavities of the connection portion.

6. The measurement device of claim 1, wherein the positioning structure comprises:

the mounting groove is positioned on the positioning body part, and the positioning body part is provided with a positioning hole;

the locating piece is arranged in the locating hole in a penetrating way.

7. The measurement device of claim 6, wherein the positioning member is a k-wire.

8. The measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising:

and the data processing unit is positioned in the accommodating cavity and is used for calculating the osteotomy according to the data measured by the measuring structure.

9. The measurement device of claim 8, wherein the data processing unit comprises:

the data storage module is used for storing the measurement data;

the wireless data transmission module is used for transmitting the measurement data to a computer or mobile equipment;

the micro control module is used for calculating the measurement data;

and the power supply circuit is electrically connected with the data storage module, the wireless data transmission module and the micro control module respectively.

10. The measurement device of claim 9, wherein the data processing unit further comprises:

the preprocessing circuit comprises a filtering module, an amplifying module and an analog-to-digital conversion module.