CN110767798A

CN110767798A - Battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN110767798A
Application number: CN201911021381.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王曙光
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-25
Publication date: 2020-02-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy and a preparation method thereof. The battery material comprises a negative electrode and a positive electrode which are arranged on the surfaces of the two sides of the heat insulation insulating layer, and the negative electrode and the positive electrode are connected through a metal connecting sheet; the negative electrode and the positive electrode are made of any one of bismuth and bismuth alloy or a mixture of bismuth and bismuth alloy, a thickening agent and water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing bismuth or bismuth alloy with thickener and water in proportion, stirring, spraying the mixture onto the front and back surfaces of the insulating layer, drying, and rolling; or spraying bismuth alloy powder to the front and back surfaces of the insulating layer by sputtering; and connecting the negative electrode and the positive electrode by the metal connecting sheet in a laser welding mode. When one surface of the insulating layer contacts a heat source, electrons of the insulating layer receive energy, and the electrons migrate to the lower temperature end, so that current and voltage are generated. The invention can convert heat energy into electric energy, and is a novel clean energy battery.

Description

Battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of battery materials.

Background

With the aggravation of energy, environmental crisis and greenhouse effect, people begin to pay attention to the popularization and use of clean new energy, such as solar energy, wind energy and the like, but the solar energy can only convert sunlight into electric energy and is limited by time and weather, and the wind energy is also limited by weather, and meanwhile, the existing clean energy can only be obtained outdoors. Under sunlight and in a heating place, a large amount of heat is radiated into the air and cannot be used by human beings.

The existing solar cell is a device which converts light energy into electric energy, and the device directly converts solar light energy into electric energy due to the photovoltaic effect, and is a semiconductor photodiode. When a plurality of batteries are connected in series or in parallel, a solar battery matrix with larger output power can be formed. Solar cells also have certain limitations in use.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the existing battery has limitation in use, and provides a battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy.

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy, which is characterized by comprising a negative electrode and a positive electrode which are arranged on the surfaces of two sides of a heat insulation insulating layer, wherein the negative electrode and the positive electrode are connected through a metal connecting sheet; the negative electrode and the positive electrode are made of any one of bismuth and bismuth alloy or a mixture of bismuth and bismuth alloy, a thickening agent and water.

Preferably, the bismuth alloy is a tellurium bismuth alloy, a molybdenum bismuth alloy or an antimony bismuth alloy.

Preferably, the mass percentage of the bismuth element in the bismuth alloy is 70%.

Preferably, the thickener is CMC or sodium polyacrylate.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the bismuth or the bismuth alloy to the thickener and the water is 100: 5: .

Preferably, the heat insulation and insulation layer is made of ceramic fibers, silicate materials or polyester fibers.

Preferably, the metal connecting sheet is made of copper, nickel, aluminum or iron.

Preferably, the thickness of the negative electrode and the positive electrode is 0.1 mm; the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.1 mm; the thickness of the metal connecting sheet is 0.01-0.05 mm.

The invention also provides a preparation method of the battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1): mixing bismuth or bismuth alloy with thickener and water in proportion, stirring, spraying the mixture onto the front and back surfaces of the insulating layer to prepare a cathode and an anode, drying, and rolling; or spraying bismuth alloy powder on the front and back surfaces of the insulating layer by sputtering to prepare a cathode and an anode;

step 2): the metal connecting sheet is connected with the cathode and the anode in a laser welding mode, so that the electron transfer is smooth.

Preferably, in the step 1), the negative electrode and the positive electrode completely cover the surface of the insulating layer. In the case where the external heat source is constant, the larger the area is, the larger the generated current becomes.

The working principle of the invention is as follows: when one surface of the insulating layer contacts a heat source, electrons of the insulating layer receive energy, and the electrons migrate to the lower temperature end, so that current and voltage are generated.

The invention can convert heat energy into electric energy, is a novel clean energy battery, is environment-friendly, has wide application range, and can be applied to the fields of electric appliances, wearable equipment, medical use and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery material provided by the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The battery materials prepared in examples 1 to 18 are shown in fig. 1, and comprise a negative electrode 1 and a positive electrode 3 which are arranged on the two side surfaces of a heat insulation insulating layer 2, wherein the negative electrode 1 and the positive electrode 3 are connected through a metal connecting sheet 4; the negative electrode 1 and the positive electrode 2 are made of any one of bismuth, bismuth alloy or mixture of bismuth and bismuth alloy, thickening agent and water.

The bismuth alloy is a molybdenum bismuth alloy or an antimony bismuth alloy; the mass percentage of bismuth element in the bismuth alloy is 70%. The thickening agent adopts CMC or sodium polyacrylate. The mass ratio of bismuth or bismuth alloy to the thickener to water is 100: 5: 70-100. The heat insulation layer 2 is made of ceramic fibers, silicate materials or polyester fibers. The metal connecting sheet 4 is made of copper, nickel, aluminum or iron. The thickness of the negative electrode 1 and the positive electrode 3 is 0.1 mm; the thickness of the heat insulation layer 2 is 0.1 mm; the thickness of the metal connecting sheet 4 is 0.01-0.05 mm.

A preparation method of a battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy comprises the following steps:

step 1: mixing bismuth or bismuth alloy, a thickening agent and water in proportion, uniformly stirring, spraying the mixture to the front and back surfaces (completely covered) of the insulating layer 2 to prepare a cathode 1 and an anode 3, drying and rolling; or bismuth alloy powder is sprayed on the front surface and the back surface (completely covered) of the insulating heat-insulating layer 2 by sputtering to prepare a negative electrode 1 and a positive electrode 3;

step 2: the metal connecting sheet 4 is connected with the cathode 1 and the anode 3 by a laser welding mode (a major laser welding machine LK-YAG-Z-W200) so that the electron transfer is smooth.

Example 1

In the embodiment, tellurium bismuth alloy powder is adopted as a raw material, and CMC is adopted as a thickening agent; the mass ratio of the tellurium bismuth alloy powder to the thickening agent to the water is 100: 5: 100, mixing the three materials in proportion, uniformly stirring, spraying the mixture on the front and back surfaces (completely covered) of an insulating layer 2 (ceramic fiber, silicate material or polyester fiber material, the material of the insulating layer 2 can meet the insulating and heat-insulating functions, and no special limitation exists, in the embodiment, ceramic fiber is adopted) to prepare a cathode 1 and an anode 3, and drying and rolling; the metal connecting sheet 4 (aluminum metal connecting sheet) is connected with the cathode 1 and the anode 3 by a laser welding mode (a major laser welding machine LK-YAG-Z-W200) so that electron migration is smooth.

Example 2

This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that a copper metal connecting sheet foil is used as the metal connecting sheet 4.

Example 3

This embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the metal connecting sheet 4 is a stainless steel metal connecting sheet foil.

Example 4

This example is different from example 1 in that a nickel metal tab foil is used as the metal tab 4.

Example 5

This example is different from example 1 in that bismuth alloy powder is sprayed by sputtering onto the front and back surfaces of the insulating and heat-insulating layer 2 to prepare a negative electrode 1 and a positive electrode 3.

Example 6

This embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that the metal connecting sheet 4 is a copper metal connecting sheet.

Example 7

This embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that the metal connecting sheet 4 is a stainless steel metal connecting sheet.

Example 8

This embodiment is different from embodiment 5 in that a nickel metal tab is used as the metal tab 4.

Example 9

The difference between the present example and example 1 is that the mass ratio of the tellurium bismuth alloy powder, the CMC, and the water is 100: 5: 90.

example 10

The difference between the present example and example 1 is that the mass ratio of the tellurium bismuth alloy powder, the CMC, and the water is 100: 5: 80.

example 11

The difference between the present example and example 1 is that the mass ratio of the tellurium bismuth alloy powder, the CMC, and the water is 100: 5: 70.

example 12

This example differs from example 1 in that sodium polyacrylate is used as the thickener.

Example 13

This example is different from example 1 in that a bismuth telluride alloy was replaced with a bismuth molybdenum alloy.

Example 14

This example is different from example 1 in that the bismuth telluride alloy was replaced with elemental bismuth.

The cell materials prepared in examples 1-14 were connected to a capacity test cabinet (Xinwei IGBT-500V300A cabinet), and then placed in vacuum with a heat source (e.g., boiled water, etc.) at a temperature of 10-50 ℃ with respect to the outside, and one side of the cell material was attached to the heat source until the temperature of the heat source was reduced to the outside temperature, and then taken out. The energy can be read from the test cabinet, the ratio of the energy read by the test cabinet to the energy lost by the heat source is the energy conversion efficiency, and the data result is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

As can be seen from table 1, the above battery material acts as an energy converter, and can convert thermal energy into electrical energy; when the copper sheet is used as a connecting sheet, the conversion efficiency is highest, and electrons can be rapidly transferred due to the high conductivity of the copper; the effect is better by adopting the sputtering method because no thickening agent is added, but the cost is greatly reduced by adding the thickening agent; the conversion efficiency has no obvious relation with the temperature of a heat source, the proportion of water in the slurry and the type of a thickening agent; the conversion efficiency of the antimony bismuth alloy is higher than that of the molybdenum bismuth alloy and the simple substance bismuth. The battery material provided by the invention can generate electric energy as long as the battery material is heated and generates temperature difference with room temperature, so that the limitation of the application range of all the existing battery materials is broken, and the external temperature is reduced.

Claims

1. A battery material capable of converting heat energy into electric energy is characterized by comprising a negative electrode (1) and a positive electrode (3) which are arranged on the surfaces of two sides of a heat insulation insulating layer (2), wherein the negative electrode (1) and the positive electrode (3) are connected through a metal connecting sheet (4); the negative electrode (1) and the positive electrode (2) are made of any one of bismuth, bismuth alloy or mixture of bismuth and bismuth alloy, thickening agent and water.

2. A battery material as claimed in claim 1, in which the bismuth alloy is a bismuth telluride alloy, a bismuth molybdenum alloy or a bismuth antimony alloy.

3. A battery material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bismuth alloy contains 70% by mass of bismuth.

4. A battery material as claimed in claim 1, in which the thickener is CMC or sodium polyacrylate.

5. A battery material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of bismuth or bismuth alloy to thickener and water is 100: 5: (70-100).

6. The battery material for converting thermal energy into electric energy according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating and insulating layer (2) is made of ceramic fiber, silicate material or polyester fiber.

7. Cell material for converting thermal energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, characterised in that the metal tabs (4) are made of copper, nickel, aluminium or iron.

8. The battery material capable of converting thermal energy into electrical energy according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode (1), the positive electrode (3) have a thickness of 0.1 mm; the thickness of the heat insulation layer (2) is 0.1 mm; the thickness of the metal connecting sheet (4) is 0.01-0.05 mm.

9. A method of producing a battery material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, which is capable of converting thermal energy into electrical energy, comprising the steps of:

step 1): mixing bismuth or bismuth alloy, a thickening agent and water in proportion, uniformly stirring, spraying the mixture to the front and back surfaces of the insulating layer (2) to prepare a negative electrode (1) and a positive electrode (3), drying and rolling; or bismuth alloy powder is sprayed on the front surface and the back surface of the insulating heat-insulating layer (2) by sputtering to prepare a negative electrode (1) and a positive electrode (3);

step 2): and the metal connecting sheet (4) is used for connecting the cathode (1) and the anode (3) by adopting a laser welding mode.

10. The method for preparing a battery material capable of converting thermal energy into electric energy according to claim 9, wherein the negative electrode (1) and the positive electrode (3) completely cover the surface of the insulating layer (2) in the step 1).