CN110819988A - Method for preparing CuGa2 thin film on curved surface of copper-based metal material using gallium-based liquid metal - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for preparing CuGa ₂ thin film by using gallium-based liquid metal on the curved surface of copper-based metal material, adding metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin into a crucible according to a certain mass ratio, heating and stirring to obtain a gallium-based liquid with a melting point of 5-20 ° C Metal, add the gallium-based liquid metal into the alkaline solution to remove the oxide on the surface, and then put the copper-based metal workpiece into the alkaline solution to contact the gallium-based liquid metal, and use the aluminum foil to contact the copper-based metal surface to generate an electrochemical reaction to generate a voltage. The gallium-based liquid metal is induced to spread rapidly on the surface of the copper-based metal workpiece, and the CuGa ₂ thin film is finally obtained; the invention realizes the method for rapid coating on the copper-based metal curved surface, the preparation process is green and does not emit pollutants, and the thickness of the prepared CuGa ₂ thin film is Evenly, under dry friction conditions, it has a good anti-friction and wear-resisting effect.

Description

Method for preparing CuGa2 thin film on curved surface of copper-based metal material using gallium-based liquid metal

technical field

The invention relates to a method for rapid coating on a curved surface of a copper-based metal material, in particular to a method for preparing a CuGa ₂ thin film on the curved surface of a copper-based metal material by using a gallium-based liquid metal.

Background technique

Copper-based metals are widely used in various mechanical parts such as water-based sliding bearings and worm gear drives. When the machine starts, stops or is overloaded, the lubrication fails, and the copper-based metal workpiece will wear and cause early failure. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a friction-reducing and wear-resistant surface modification technology for copper-based metal workpieces.

Traditional metal surface modification techniques include thermal chemical vapor deposition (H-CVD), plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), vacuum evaporation, magnetron sputtering, and ion beam (laser beam) sputtering coating method. There are a large number of curved metal workpieces in industrial applications such as bearings. Although these traditional coating methods can achieve curved surface coating of copper-based metals, they all have certain defects. Chemical vapor deposition and vacuum evaporation have high requirements for equipment and serious energy consumption, and the plasma will produce a lot of loss and large particle pollution during the transmission process. The sputtering coating method faces the problems of difficult preparation of columnar targets and insufficient bonding force of the film base.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a CuGa ₂ thin film with anti-friction and wear-resistance function on the curved surface of a copper-based metal material by using a gallium-based liquid metal, which can be manufactured on a large scale and consumes less energy. lower.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The method for preparing CuGa ₂ thin film on the curved surface of copper-based metal material using gallium-based liquid metal includes the following steps:

(1) Add metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin into graphite or ceramic crucible according to the mass ratio of (62-92): (0-25): (0-13) respectively, heat to 160-240°C and stir uniform, obtain gallium-based liquid metal;

(2) The amount concentration of the configuration substance is 0.5mol/L-1mol/L NaOH solution;

(3) adding 2 grams of gallium-based liquid metal to 20-50ml of NaOH alkaline solution;

(4) Put different types of curved copper-based metal workpieces into the solution of step (3), and make it contact with the gallium-based liquid metal, then use aluminum foil to contact the copper-based metal surface, and take out the workpiece immediately after the _CuGa2 film is formed, The surface was ultrasonically cleaned with distilled water.

The mass ratios of metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin added are 62:25:13, 76:24:0 and 92:0:8 respectively, and the obtained liquid metals are Ga ₆₂ In ₂₅ Sn ₁₃ and Ga ₇₆ In ₂₄ respectively and Ga ₉₂ Sn ₈ .

The copper-based metal workpieces used include red copper (T1), brass (H68) or aluminum bronze (QAL9-4), and the shape of the workpiece includes spherical or tubular.

Advantages of the present invention:

1. The CuGa ₂ thin film prepared by the present invention has a uniform thickness of 15-20 microns. Under dry friction conditions, the specific pressure is 432-985MPa, the sliding speed is 6-36mm/s, the friction coefficient is 0.34-0.38, and the wear rate is 0.49-0.61/10 ^{- 5} mm ³ (N ^. m) ^-1 , with anti-friction and wear-resisting effect.

2. In the process of the present invention, the aluminum foil is used to contact the surface of the copper-based metal to induce an electrochemical reaction and generate a voltage, so that the metal gallium atoms quickly enter the surface of the copper-based metal workpiece. Furthermore, due to the effect of surface tension, the gallium-based liquid metal can be actively spread on the complex curved workpiece to form a uniform _CuGa2 film.

3. The present invention can form a protective layer of anti-friction and wear-resistance without power-on and any external equipment, and is a green and energy-saving coating method.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is an effect diagram of the copper-based metal curved surface coating of Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 is an effect diagram of the copper-based metal curved surface coating of Example 2. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the cross-section of the copper-based metal coating of Example 2. FIG.

4 is a comparison diagram of friction coefficient under dry friction conditions in Example 2.

FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of the wear rate under dry rubbing conditions in Example 2. FIG.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

6.2 g of metallic gallium, 2.5 g of metallic indium and 1.3 g of metallic tin were added to the graphite crucible, and the crucible was placed in a vacuum drying oven and heated to 240° C. for 20 minutes. Take out the graphite crucible, stir the obtained gallium-based liquid metal Ga ₆₂ In ₂₅ Sn ₁₃ evenly, take 2g of Ga ₆₂ In ₂₅ Sn ₁₃ liquid metal and add it to 20ml of the prepared 0.5mol/L NaOH alkaline solution. Put the spherical red copper workpiece (T1) into the alkaline solution and contact with the liquid metal, use the aluminum foil to contact the copper-based metal surface, and immediately take out the workpiece after forming a CuGa ₂ film, and ultrasonically clean the surface with distilled water.

Referring to FIG. 1 , it can be seen from the figure that the prepared CuGa ₂ thin film is uniformly distributed on the surface of spherical red copper, and the thickness of the CuGa ₂ thin film is about 17 microns. Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3, under the condition of dry friction, 45 steel is used as the matching pair, and the ball-disk reciprocating tribological experiment is carried out. Under the conditions of a specific pressure of 587MPa and a sliding speed of 12mm/s, the friction coefficient is 0.36, and the wear and tear is 0.36. The rate is 0.49/10 ^-5 mm ³ (N ^. m) ^-1 . In the control experiment, 45 steel and copper-based material were used as a matrix. Under the same experimental conditions, the friction coefficient was 0.60, and the wear rate was 1.78/10 ^-5 mm ³ (N ^. m) ^-1 . The experimental results show that the prepared CuGa ₂ film can reduce the friction coefficient by about 37% and the wear rate by about 72% under dry friction conditions, and has good anti-friction and wear-resistant properties.

Example 2

7.6 g of metallic gallium and 2.4 g of metallic indium were added to the graphite crucible, and the crucible was placed in a vacuum drying oven and heated to 160° C. for 20 minutes. Take out the graphite crucible and stir the gallium-based liquid metal evenly to obtain Ga ₇₆ In ₂₄ . Take 2g of Ga ₇₆ In ₂₄ liquid metal and add it to 30ml of prepared 0.8mol/L NaOH alkaline solution. Put the tubular red copper workpiece (T1) into the alkaline solution and contact with the liquid metal, and use the aluminum foil to contact the surface of the copper-based metal to form a CuGa ₂ film and immediately take out the workpiece, and ultrasonically clean the surface with distilled water.

Referring to FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , it can be seen from the figures that the CuGa ₂ thin film prepared in this example has a uniform thickness of about 15 microns.

Example 3

9.2 g of metal gallium and 0.8 g of metal tin were added to a zirconia ceramic crucible, and the crucible was placed in a vacuum drying oven and heated to 230° C. for 20 minutes. Take out the zirconia ceramic crucible and stir the liquid metal evenly. Take 2g of Ga ₉₂ Sn ₈ liquid metal and add it to 40ml of prepared 1mol/L NaOH alkali solution. The spherical brass workpiece (H68) was placed in an alkaline solution and contacted with the liquid metal, and the copper-based metal surface was contacted with aluminum foil to form a CuGa ₂ film, and the workpiece was taken out immediately, and the surface was ultrasonically cleaned with distilled water.

The CuGa ₂ thin film prepared in this example has a uniform thickness of about 19 microns. Under the condition of dry friction, 45 steel is used as the matching pair, and the ball-disk reciprocating tribology experiment is carried out. The specific pressure is 985MPa and the sliding speed is 36mm/ Under the condition of s, the friction coefficient is 0.38 and the wear rate is 0.61/10 ^-5 mm ³ (N ^. m) ^-1 .

Example 4

7.6 g of metal gallium and 2.4 g of metal indium were added to a zirconia ceramic crucible, and the crucible was placed in a vacuum drying oven and heated to 160° C. for 20 minutes. Take out the zirconia ceramic crucible and stir the liquid metal evenly. Take 2g of Ga ₇₆ In ₂₄ liquid metal and add it to 50ml of the prepared 1mol/L NaOH alkali solution. The spherical aluminum bronze workpiece (QAL9-4) was placed in an alkaline solution and contacted with the liquid metal. The aluminum foil was used to contact the surface of the copper-based metal to form a CuGa ₂ film. The workpiece was immediately taken out and the surface was ultrasonically cleaned with distilled water.

The CuGa ₂ thin film prepared in this example has a uniform thickness of about 20 microns. Under the condition of dry friction, using 45 steel as the matching pair, the ball-disk reciprocating tribology experiment was carried out. Under the conditions of a specific pressure of 432MPa and a sliding speed of 6mm/s, the friction coefficient was 0.34, and the wear rate was 0.54/ ^10-5 mm. ³ (N ^. m) ^-1 .

The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, combinations and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, All should be equivalent replacement modes, which are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. Utilize gallium-based liquid metal to prepare the method for CuGa thin film _on the curved surface of copper-based metal material, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) Add metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin into graphite or ceramic crucible according to the mass ratio of (62-92): (0-25): (0-13) respectively, heat to 160-240°C and stir uniform, obtain gallium-based liquid metal; (2) The amount concentration of the configuration substance is 0.5mol/L-1mol/L NaOH solution; (3) adding 2 grams of gallium-based liquid metal to 20-50ml of NaOH alkaline solution; (4) Put different types of curved copper-based metal workpieces into the solution of step (3), and make it contact with the gallium-based liquid metal, then use aluminum foil to contact the copper-based metal surface, and take out the workpiece immediately after the _CuGa2 film is formed, The surface was ultrasonically cleaned with distilled water. 2. The method for preparing CuGa ₂ thin film on the curved surface of copper-based metal material by utilizing gallium-based liquid metal according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratios added by metal gallium, metal indium and metal tin are respectively 62:25:13 , 76:24:0 and 92:0:8, the obtained liquid metals are Ga ₆₂ In ₂₅ Sn ₁₃ , Ga ₇₆ In ₂₄ and Ga ₉₂ Sn ₈ , respectively. 3. the method according to claim 1 that utilizes gallium-based liquid metal to prepare CuGa film on copper _- based metal material curved surface, is characterized in that, used copper-based metal workpiece comprises red copper T1, brass H68 or aluminum bronze QAL9-4 , the shape of the workpiece includes spherical or tubular.

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