CN110878910B - High integrity pressure protection system for LNG receiving station gasification and transmission pipeline - Google Patents
High integrity pressure protection system for LNG receiving station gasification and transmission pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN110878910B CN110878910B CN201911266288.6A CN201911266288A CN110878910B CN 110878910 B CN110878910 B CN 110878910B CN 201911266288 A CN201911266288 A CN 201911266288A CN 110878910 B CN110878910 B CN 110878910B
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- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/005—Pipe-line systems for a two-phase gas-liquid flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pipeline Systems (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种LNG接收站气化后外输管道的高完整性压力保护系统，该系统包括切断阀、压力变送器和逻辑处理控制器；所述切断阀和压力变送器依次设置在气化器外输总管与外输管道首站之间的管路上；所述逻辑处理控制器电连接所述切断阀和压力变送器，所述逻辑处理控制器对所述压力变送器检测的压力值进行逻辑判断，进而控制所述切断阀按照预设的低于外输管道首站设计压力的压力报警值进行关断，用于将气化器外输总管内不断升高的气体控制在气化器外输总管范围，不进入外输管道首站。
The present invention relates to a high-integrity pressure protection system for an external transmission pipeline after gasification at an LNG receiving station, the system comprising a cut-off valve, a pressure transmitter and a logic processing controller; the cut-off valve and the pressure transmitter are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between an external transmission main pipe of a gasifier and a first station of the external transmission pipeline; the logic processing controller is electrically connected to the cut-off valve and the pressure transmitter, the logic processing controller performs a logic judgment on a pressure value detected by the pressure transmitter, and then controls the cut-off valve to be shut off according to a preset pressure alarm value lower than a design pressure of the first station of the external transmission pipeline, so as to control the gas that is constantly rising in the external transmission main pipe of the gasifier to be within the range of the external transmission main pipe of the gasifier and not to enter the first station of the external transmission pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-integrity pressure protection system of an output pipeline after gasification of an LNG receiving station, and relates to the technical field of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).
Background
The LNG receiving station is usually matched with or independently built with an external pipeline head station, and the external pipeline head station mainly has the functions of carrying out trade measurement on the natural gas conveyed to the downstream and is provided with a pipe cleaner service device, a measuring device and a pressure regulating device. The method is generally economical and feasible, namely, the boundary region of the LNG receiving station is received by the first station of the external pipeline or the external pipeline is independently built at a position which is close to the boundary region of the LNG receiving station, and the control system of the external pipeline is generally independent of the control system of the LNG receiving station. However, the problem caused by the method is that the pressure and control of the gasification output unit of the LNG receiving station and the output pipeline engineering are difficult to effectively link, and even become one of the important hidden troubles. In the gasification export flow of the LNG receiving station, three equipment and facility units, namely an LNG high-pressure export pump, a gasifier and a gasification export main pipe, are generally included, the design pressure is the same, namely 1.25 times of the maximum export operation pressure and 1.1 times of the sum of the suction inlet pressure of the LNG high-pressure export pump are often more than 10Mpa, but after entering the first boundary region of the export pipeline, the design pressure is generally considered according to the maximum export operation pressure plus margin, and is often lower than the design pressure of the gasification export unit of the LNG receiving station by two pressure grades.
Under the normal output operation condition, the LNG high-pressure output pump is in a normal working range and cannot cause overpressure of an output pipeline head station. And the LNG receiving station external transmission system has no pressure protection system, so long as the pressure of the downstream external transmission pipeline exceeds the highest operating pressure, the pressure sensor of the third choice can give an alarm, and the downstream pressure signal can control and regulate the output quantity of the LNG receiving station external transmission system, thereby avoiding the overpressure of the first station of the external transmission pipeline. However, in the case of an emergency shutdown accident, if the emergency shutdown valve downstream of the export pipeline head station is closed, and the emergency shutdown valve at the gasifier outlet in the LNG receiving station cannot be closed as soon as possible due to delay logic or failure, an overpressure of the export pipeline head station may be caused. Because the design of the gasifier has specificity, the emergency shut-off valve of the outlet is delayed to shut off for about 20-40 s compared with the emergency shut-off valve of the inlet for self pressure protection in the case of emergency shut-off. During this time, the LNG gas in the vaporizer continues to vaporize, causing the pressure of the vaporizer output line to substantially exceed the operating pressure. With 5 gasifiers working simultaneously, an emergency shutdown will cause an expansion of the LNG volume trapped in the ORV export pipeline of about 600 times, estimated with a shutdown time delay of 40s, resulting in a boost of over 2 MPa.
The traditional solution method is three in total, namely, firstly, an emergency shut-off valve of the external transmission pipeline head station is logically associated with an emergency shut-off valve of the gasifier outlet of the LNG receiving station, the emergency shut-off valve of the gasifier outlet adopts a quick shut-off valve, but the logic association of an instrument has an unreliable problem, secondly, a safety valve and a vent are added between the emergency shut-off valve of the external transmission pipeline head station and the emergency shut-off valve of the gasifier outlet, but the processing capacity of a flare system of the LNG receiving station and the investment of a relief pipeline are required to be greatly improved, the equipment investment cost is increased, and in addition, a larger site safety distance is also required, and thirdly, the design pressure of the external transmission pipeline head station is improved to be consistent with the design pressure of the external transmission system of the LNG receiving station, and the investment is also greatly increased. Thus, conventional solutions suffer from various drawbacks, either inadequate safety reliability, or a substantial increase in the associated investment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a high-integrity pressure protection system for an gasified output pipeline of an LNG receiving station, which is low in investment and high in safety and reliability.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the high-integrity pressure protection system of the output pipeline after the LNG receiving station is gasified comprises a cut-off valve, a pressure transmitter and a logic processing controller;
the shut-off valve and the pressure transmitter are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the gasifier output main pipe and the output pipeline head station;
The logic processing controller is electrically connected with the cut-off valve and the pressure transmitter, and is used for logically judging the pressure value detected by the pressure transmitter, further controlling the cut-off valve to be cut off according to a preset pressure alarm value lower than the design pressure of the primary station of the output pipeline, and controlling the gas continuously rising in the primary station of the output pipeline in the range of the primary station of the output pipeline of the gasifier without entering the primary station of the output pipeline.
In some embodiments of the invention, the shut-off valve is an electric or electromagnetic or pneumatic shut-off valve with its own power source.
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of shut-off valves is two, with two shut-off valves connected in series.
In some embodiments of the invention, the number of pressure transmitters is three, with three pressure transmitters connected in series in turn.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the logic processing controller performs logic judgment of two-out-of-three on the alarm pressure value detected by the pressure transmitter, and sends operation instructions to the two series-connected shut-off valves according to the detected pressure value, and when the operation instructions reach different preset values of the highest operation pressure of the first station of the output pipeline, the corresponding shut-off valves are started to be shut off in a set time.
In some embodiments of the invention, the logic process controller is a Siemens or Mitsubishi programmable logic process controller such that the meter safety integrity level is 3 and above.
The invention adopts the technical proposal and has the following characteristics:
1. According to the invention, the high-integrity pressure protection system is arranged on the external transmission main pipe of the LNG receiving station gasifier, so that an emergency shut-off valve of the conventional external transmission main pipe of the gasifier is eliminated, and the emergency shut-off valve at the downstream of the external transmission pipeline head station is not required to be logically interlocked with the emergency shut-off valves at the inlet and the outlet of the LNG receiving station gasifier, so that the pressure safety of the external transmission pipeline head station is fully ensured with rapid reaction speed and high reliability;
2. The high-integrity pressure protection system has the advantages of small investment and high safety and reliability, effectively solves the problem of pressure protection between the external transmission unit and the external transmission pipeline head station after the LNG receiving station is gasified, and has the most prominent application effect especially in the early design consideration of the related LNG receiving station and the transformation stage in the operation period.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high integrity pressure protection system for an output pipeline of an LNG receiving station of the present invention after gasification.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," "including," and "having" are inclusive and therefore specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance in the particular order described or illustrated, unless an order of performance is explicitly stated. It should also be appreciated that additional or alternative steps may be used.
Although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "inner," "outer," "lower," "upper," and the like, may be used herein to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-integrity pressure protection system for the outer transmission pipeline after gasification of the LNG receiving station provided in this embodiment includes a shut-off valve, a pressure transmitter and a logic processing controller, where the shut-off valve and the pressure transmitter are sequentially disposed on a pipeline between an outer transmission main pipe of the gasifier and a head station of the outer transmission pipeline, and the logic processing controller is electrically connected with the shut-off valve and the pressure transmitter.
Specifically, the number of the shut-off valves may be two, and the two shut-off valves A1 and A2 are connected in series, preferably, the shut-off valves may be electric or electromagnetic or pneumatic shut-off valves with their own power sources;
the number of the pressure transmitters can be three, and the pressure transmitters are respectively B1 to B3;
The logic process controller C may be a programmable logic process controller of siemens or mitsubishi (e.g., mitsubishi QnU series, etc.), and a control loop is used to make the instrument Safety Integrity Level (SIL) 3 and above.
In use, an emergency shutdown is initiated, for example, in response to an accident occurring downstream of the gasifier output pipeline, and the emergency shutdown signal is typically not linked to the LNG receiving station control system. When the pressure alarm is detected by the gasifier output main pipe of the LNG receiving station, the emergency shut-off valve of the gasifier outlet is delayed to be shut off for about 20-40 s compared with the emergency shut-off valve of the inlet under the condition of emergency shut-off for pressure protection of the gasifier. During the period, LNG gas in the gasifier continues to gasify, the pressure in the gasifier output main pipe rises, three pressure transmitters B1-B3 arranged at the downstream of the high-integrity pressure protection system detect alarm pressure values, logic processing controller C is used for carrying out logic judgment of three-out two (namely alarm pressure value selection respectively detected by the pressure transmitters B1, B2 and B3, if any two of the pressure transmitters trigger an alarm, namely confirm, only one pressure transmitter triggers an alarm, the alarm does not act), two series-connected cut-off valves A1 and A2 are triggered to respond quickly according to a preset pressure alarm value lower than the design pressure of the output pipeline head station, so that the cut-off is carried out, and the continuously rising gas in the gasifier output main pipe can be controlled within the range of the gasification output main pipe of the LNG receiving station and does not enter the head area of the output pipeline station.
As a final stage of protection of the process system, a pressure relief valve (PSV) is usually provided to provide sufficient relief capability in the event of a fault condition to completely release the fluid entering the system, so that the pressure of the process system does not exceed the design conditions, thereby ensuring the safety of the whole process system, but the whole system does not have safety conditions. The high-integrity pressure protection system provided by the embodiment can effectively cut off an upstream pressure source in a very short time under a fault state, and ensure that a downstream system is not influenced by the upstream high-pressure source.
The following describes in detail, with reference to specific embodiments, the process of performing pressure protection by the high-integrity pressure protection system of the output pipeline after gasification of the LNG receiving station in this embodiment:
S1, under the unexpected situations such as accidents and the like at the downstream of the first station 1 of the output pipeline, the emergency shut-off valve 2 is started, and the signal of the emergency shut-off valve 2 is not generally interlocked with the control system of the LNG receiving station.
And S2, continuously gasifying LNG gas in the gasifiers 3 and 4, wherein the pressure in an outer transmission main pipe of the gasifiers rises, and three pressure transmitters B1, B2 and B3 arranged at the downstream of the high-integrity pressure protection system 5 detect alarm pressure values reaching the highest operation pressure of the outer transmission main station.
S3, the logic processing controller C carries out logic judgment of the third choice and the second choice, and sends operation instructions to the two series-connected cut-off valves A1 and A2 according to the detected pressure signals.
S4, two series-connected cut-off valves A1 and A2 are quickly responded according to a preset pressure alarm value lower than the design pressure of the first station of the output pipeline, the cut-off valve A2 is started when the maximum operating pressure of the first station of the output pipeline is 105%, and the cut-off is performed within 2-5 seconds;
s5, when the highest operation pressure of the output head station is 108% -110%, starting a cut-off valve A1, and cutting off in 2-5 seconds;
S6, the emergency shut-off valves 6 and 7 at the upstream of the gasifiers 3 and 4 are shut off, the LNG high-pressure pumps 8 and 9 are shut off, LNG flows through the flow control valves 10 and 11 into the gasifiers 3 and 4 in pipelines at the downstream of the emergency shut-off valves 6 and 7 to continue gasification, the pressure in the pipelines is further increased through the check valves 12 and 13 until the pressure in the pipelines is further increased until the pressure in the pipelines is 20-30 seconds later, and the emergency shut-off valves 14 and 15 at the downstream of the gasifiers 3 and 4 are shut off.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application and not for limiting the scope of protection thereof, and although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications or equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the application after reading the present application, and these changes, modifications or equivalents are within the scope of protection of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (3)
1. A high-integrity pressure protection system of an output pipeline after gasification of an LNG receiving station is characterized by comprising three shut-off valves, pressure transmitters and a logic processing controller, wherein the number of the pressure transmitters is two, the two shut-off valves are connected in series, the shut-off valves and the pressure transmitters are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between an output main pipeline of the gasifier and the output pipeline head station, the logic processing controller is electrically connected with the shut-off valves and the pressure transmitters, and the logic processing controller carries out logic judgment on pressure values detected by the pressure transmitters, further controls the shut-off valves to shut off according to a preset pressure alarm value lower than the design pressure of the output pipeline head station, and is used for controlling gas continuously rising in the output main pipeline of the gasifier in the range of the output main pipeline of the gasifier without entering the output pipeline head station;
The logic processing controller carries out logic judgment of three-two selection on the alarm pressure value detected by the pressure transmitter, sends operation instructions to the two series-connected shut-off valves according to the detected pressure value, and respectively starts corresponding shut-off valves to shut off in set time when different preset values of the highest operation pressure of the first station of the output pipeline are reached, wherein the specific implementation process is as follows:
s1, when an accident occurs at the downstream of an output pipeline head station, starting an emergency shut-off valve at the downstream of the output pipeline head station, wherein a signal of the emergency shut-off valve is not linked to a control system of an LNG receiving station;
s2, continuously gasifying LNG gas in the gasifier, increasing the pressure in an outer conveying main pipe of the gasifier, and detecting alarm pressure values reaching the highest operating pressure of the first station of the outer conveying pipeline by three pressure transmitters arranged at the downstream of the high-integrity pressure protection system;
S3, the logic processing controller performs logic judgment of two-out-of-three, and sends an operation instruction to the two series-connected shut-off valves according to the detected pressure signal;
S4, two series-connected shut-off valves are used for rapidly responding according to a preset pressure alarm value lower than the design pressure of the first station of the outer conveying pipeline, one shut-off valve is started when the maximum operating pressure of the first station of the outer conveying pipeline is 105%, and the shut-off valve is cut off within 2-5 seconds;
S5, when the highest operating pressure of the first station of the output pipeline reaches 108% -110%, starting another cut-off valve, and cutting off the output pipeline within 2-5 seconds;
S6, an emergency shut-off valve at the upstream of the gasifier is shut off, the LNG high-pressure pump is shut off, in a pipeline at the downstream of the emergency shut-off valve, LNG flows through the flow control valve to enter the gasifier to continue gasification, and the pressure in the pipeline is further increased through the one-way valve until the pressure in the pipeline is further increased until the pressure is 20-30 seconds later, and the emergency shut-off valve at the downstream of the gasifier is shut off.
2. The high integrity pressure protection system of claim 1, wherein the shut-off valve employs an electric or electromagnetic or pneumatic shut-off valve with its own power source.
3. The high integrity pressure protection system of any one of claims 1-2, wherein the logic process controller is a siemens or mitsubishi programmable logic process controller such that the instrument safety integrity level is 3 and above.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911266288.6A CN110878910B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | High integrity pressure protection system for LNG receiving station gasification and transmission pipeline |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911266288.6A CN110878910B (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | High integrity pressure protection system for LNG receiving station gasification and transmission pipeline |
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| CN110878910A CN110878910A (en) | 2020-03-13 |
| CN110878910B true CN110878910B (en) | 2025-02-28 |
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| CN114542051B (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2025-06-17 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | A deepwater oil and gas field underwater production pressure reduction system and pressure reduction method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN211551161U (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-09-22 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | High-integrity pressure protection system for external transmission pipeline after LNG receiving station is gasified |
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| US7905251B2 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2011-03-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for wellhead high integrity protection system |
| KR20140113933A (en) * | 2011-12-05 | 2014-09-25 | 블루 웨이브 컴퍼니 에스.에이. | System and method for loading, storing and offloading natural gas from ships |
| CN207962094U (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-10-12 | 钦州学院 | A kind of LNG tank cars unload hydraulic coupling security system |
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| CN211551161U (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-09-22 | 中海石油气电集团有限责任公司 | High-integrity pressure protection system for external transmission pipeline after LNG receiving station is gasified |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 液化天然气接收站的安全设计;贾萍;《安全、健康和环境》;20160315;第16卷(第3期);第5-9页 * |
| 石油天然气工程中HIPPS的设计与应用;任新华;《自动化仪表》;20130620;第34卷(第6期);第77-79页 * |
| 贾萍.液化天然气接收站的安全设计.《安全、健康和环境》.2016,第16卷(第3期),第5-9页. * |
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