CN110873472B - Particle heat absorber, heat absorbing system comprising same and solar thermal power generation system - Google Patents
Particle heat absorber, heat absorbing system comprising same and solar thermal power generation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110873472B CN110873472B CN201810997143.2A CN201810997143A CN110873472B CN 110873472 B CN110873472 B CN 110873472B CN 201810997143 A CN201810997143 A CN 201810997143A CN 110873472 B CN110873472 B CN 110873472B
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 131
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/028—Steam generation using heat accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
- F28D2020/0069—Distributing arrangements; Fluid deflecting means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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Abstract
The invention discloses a particle heat absorber, a heat absorption system comprising the same and a solar thermal power generation system, wherein the particle heat absorber comprises: the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle heat absorber also comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar thermal power generation, and particularly relates to a particle heat absorber, a heat absorption system comprising the particle heat absorber and a solar thermal power generation system.
Background
The heat absorber is core equipment of the tower-type solar photothermal power station, heats the heat storage medium in the heat absorber by absorbing solar energy reflected by the heliostat, further converts the solar energy into heat energy, and further heats the water working medium in the heat exchanger by utilizing the energy stored by the heat storage medium to generate steam with preset temperature so as to drive the steam turbine and drive the generator to generate electricity.
The heat absorbers adopted by the existing tower type solar thermal power plant are generally a molten salt heat absorber, a water working medium heat absorber, a heat conducting oil heat absorber and the like, and the heat storage media corresponding to the heat absorbers are respectively nitrates (60 percent NaNO)3And 40% KNO3) Water and heat transfer oil, etc., which have relatively low heat absorption temperatures, severely limiting the thermoelectric efficiency at the back end of the solar thermal power plant.
In order to improve the heat storage temperature of the heat storage medium, researchers find that when solid heat storage particles such as ceramic particles or sand grains are used as the heat storage medium, the heat storage temperature can reach about 1000 ℃, and the hot spot efficiency at the rear end of a solar thermal power plant can be greatly improved. In order to fully utilize the heat storage characteristics of solid heat storage particles, particle heat absorbers suitable for using solid heat storage particles as heat storage media have been developed.
The particle heat absorber in the prior art has the following defects:
firstly, when the particle heat absorber is used, solid heat storage particles in the particle heat absorber freely fall in a heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber, the solid heat storage particles are accelerated by gravity, so that the falling speed of the solid heat storage particles is too high, the solid heat storage particles stay in the heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber for too short time, the heat absorption time is short, and solar energy cannot be fully absorbed;
secondly, the energy flow density in the heat absorption cavity is not uniformly distributed, so that the heat absorption temperature of the solid heat storage particles is not uniformly distributed;
thirdly, when the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity directly fall to absorb heat, the falling solid heat storage particle curtain can be disturbed by the wind speed of the external environment, and even the particles in the cavity can be blown out of the heat absorber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a particle heat absorber, which can effectively reduce the descending speed of solid heat storage particles in a heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber, so that the time of the solid heat storage particles receiving illumination in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is increased; in addition, according to the invention, through the arrangement of the plurality of first through holes, the plurality of layers of solid heat storage particle curtains are formed in the heat absorption cavity of the particle heat absorber, and when the ambient wind speed around the particle heat absorber is high, the disturbance of the wind speed to the solid heat storage particle curtains can be reduced by starting or stopping one or more solid heat storage particle curtains, so that the solid heat storage particles are prevented from being blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind.
In a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a particulate heat sink comprising:
the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle heat absorber also comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, at least two first communication holes are disposed on the top of at least one heat absorbing cavity unit.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, the first through holes on the top of the same heat absorbing cavity unit are parallel to each other and gradually distant from the light receiving opening.
As an improvement of the particulate heat absorber of the present invention, the first through hole is an elongated slit.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, the included angle between the plane of the light receiving opening and the horizontal plane is 30-90 degrees.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, the transverse cross section of the backlight surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or a combination of the arc-shaped and the fold-shaped, and the inner side wall of the backlight surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a high-temperature-resistant light reflecting layer.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is a solid particle pre-mixer, and the solid particle pre-mixer decelerates and uniformly mixes the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity unit above the solid particle pre-mixer.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, a flow equalizing pipe is arranged at the connection position of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device and the first communication hole on the heat absorption cavity unit at the lower part of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device. The flow equalizing pipe is used for enabling solid heat storage particles to be uniformly dispersed along the extending direction of the first communication hole.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber, a particle shunt device is arranged at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the particle shunt device can enable the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device to uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit along each first through hole arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle shunting device is connected with the flow equalizing pipe.
As an improvement of the particle heat absorber of the present invention, the particle diversion device includes at least two particle diversion pipelines, each particle diversion pipeline is provided with a flow adjusting device, the flow adjusting device adjusts the flow velocity of the solid heat storage particles in each particle diversion pipeline, and each particle diversion pipeline is connected to a corresponding flow equalizing pipe.
In another aspect of the invention, the invention provides a heat absorption system comprising:
a particulate heat sink, the particulate heat sink being any of the particulate heat sinks described above;
the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber;
the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber;
the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger;
the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger;
particle hoisting device, particle hoisting device's one end with the solid heat-retaining granule export intercommunication in low temperature granule storage storehouse, the other end with solid heat-retaining granule entry intercommunication on the granule blowing storehouse, with will solid heat-retaining granule in the low temperature granule storage storehouse shifts to in the granule blowing storehouse.
As an improvement of the heat absorption system, a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharging bin, and the flow equalizing pipe enables solid heat storage particles entering the particle heat absorber to be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain.
In a further aspect of the invention there is provided a solar thermal power generation system provided with a heat absorption system as described in any one of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the particle heat absorber, the heat absorption cavity in the particle heat absorber is provided with the multi-stage heat absorption cavity units, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between the two adjacent stages of heat absorption cavity units, when the particle heat absorber is used, solid heat storage particles start to fall freely after entering the heat absorption cavity, and when the solid heat storage particles reach the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, the speed of the solid heat storage particles is reduced, so that the retention time of the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the solid heat storage particles can have sufficient time to absorb solar energy;
2. when the solid heat storage particles fall to the solid heat storage particle speed reducing device, the solid heat storage particles can be premixed, so that the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is uniform;
3. according to the particle heat absorber, the plurality of first communication holes are arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit, are arranged in parallel and are gradually far away from the light receiving opening, and when the wind speed in the surrounding environment of the particle heat absorber is high, one or more layers of solid heat storage particle curtains close to the light receiving opening can be reduced or closed, so that the risk that solid heat storage particles are blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind can be effectively reduced; and because gaps exist among the solid heat storage particles in each layer of curtain, when sunlight irradiates on the curtain, partial sunlight penetrates through the gaps among the solid heat storage particles and reaches the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity, so that the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity is required to have higher high temperature resistance.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat absorption system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat absorption chamber unit of the embodiment of the present invention along the direction a-a shown in fig. 4-7;
fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a heat absorbing chamber unit along an extending direction of a first communication hole according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of one embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of another embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a top view of yet another implementation of a heat absorption chamber unit according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of yet another embodiment of a heat sink chamber unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
the elements corresponding to the reference numbers in the figures are: the particle heat storage device comprises a 1-particle discharge bin, a 2-heat absorption cavity unit, a 3-solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, a 4-high-temperature particle storage bin, a 5-heat exchanger, a 6-low-temperature particle storage bin, a 7-particle lifting device, an 8-flow regulating device, a 9-particle flow distribution pipeline, a 10-particle flow distribution device, a 11-particle curtain layer, a 12-light receiving opening, a 13-flow equalizing pipe, a 14-heat absorption cavity unit backlight surface, a 15-particle heat absorber and a 16-first communication hole.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In practice, the invention will be understood to cover all modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a heat absorbing system, which includes:
a particle heat absorber 15;
a particle discharge bin 1 arranged above the particle heat absorber 15 for providing solid heat storage particles to the particle heat absorber; in this embodiment, preferably, a flow equalizing pipe is arranged in the particle discharge bin 1, and the flow equalizing pipe enables the solid heat storage particles entering the particle heat absorber 15 to be dispersed into a solid heat storage particle curtain;
a high-temperature particle storage bin 4 disposed below the particle heat absorber 15 and configured to store solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber 15;
the heat exchanger 5 is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin 4 and used for transferring the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger 5; generally, the heat absorbing working medium is a water working medium, in the heat exchanger, heat stored by the solid heat storage particles is transferred to the water working medium through heat exchange, so that the water working medium is converted into high-temperature steam to do work to the outside, and of course, in the embodiment, the specific form of the heat absorbing working medium is not limited;
the low-temperature particle storage bin 6 is arranged below the heat exchanger 5 and used for storing solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger 5;
The embodiment also provides a solar thermal power generation system which is provided with the heat absorption system. When being applied to tower spotlight system with above-mentioned heat absorption system in, whole heat absorption system is installed in the heat absorption tower, solid heat-retaining granule is discharged from granule discharge bin 1, until entering low temperature granule and storing the whole in-process in storehouse 6, rely on the gravity drive of solid heat-retaining granule self completely, need not to increase the flow of extra drive arrangement drive solid heat-retaining granule, can save energy greatly, after solid heat-retaining granule gets into low temperature granule and stores in the storehouse 6, only need pass through granule hoisting device, in solid heat-retaining granule can get into granule discharge bin 1 again, so, can form the repeated endothermic circulation of a solid heat-retaining granule.
Referring again to fig. 1, the particulate heat sink 15 includes:
the heat absorption device comprises a hollow heat absorption cavity, a heat absorption cavity and a heat absorption cavity, wherein the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining two heat absorption cavity units 2 which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the number of the heat absorption cavity units 2 shown in fig. 1 is only an example, and in a specific use, the number of the heat absorption cavity units 2 may be any number greater than two, and may be specifically adjusted according to an actual design requirement of the power of the particulate heat absorber 15;
in addition, referring to fig. 2, a light receiving opening 12 is disposed on a side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit 2;
referring to fig. 4 to 7, the top of each heat absorption chamber unit 2 is provided with a plurality of first communication holes 16 allowing solid heat storage particles to enter into the corresponding heat absorption chamber unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption chamber unit 2 is provided with a second communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the corresponding heat absorption chamber unit 2; when the particle heat exchanger is particularly applied to a tower-type solar light gathering system, thousands of reflectors in the light gathering system reflect sunlight to the light receiving ports 12 of the heat absorption cavity unit 2, and the sunlight gathered by the reflectors is utilized to heat the solid heat storage particles; meanwhile, since in the tower-type condensing system, the particle heat absorber 15 is disposed on a heat absorbing tower of a certain height, and the reflector is disposed above the ground, in order to facilitate the reflector to reflect the sunlight to the light receiving opening 12 to the maximum, the light receiving opening 12 is set in this embodiment as follows: the included angle between the plane of the light receiving opening 12 and the horizontal plane is 30-90 degrees;
and the particle heat absorber 15 further comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device 3, and the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device 2 is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units 2. When the solid heat storage particles freely fall in the heat absorption cavity unit 2, the solid heat storage particles are continuously accelerated by the gravity, namely, the falling speed of the solid heat storage particles is faster and faster along with the longer and longer falling time, in order to prolong the retention time and the heat absorption time of the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity unit 2, the falling solid heat storage particles can be decelerated according to actual requirements by arranging the solid heat storage particle deceleration device 3, the solid heat storage particle deceleration device 3 can reduce the speed of the solid heat storage particles passing through the solid heat storage particle deceleration device to zero, the falling speed of the solid heat storage particles can be only properly reduced, and the reduction range of the falling speed of the solid heat storage particles can be adjusted according to the actual requirements.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the solid heat storage particle deceleration device 3 is a solid particle premixer, configured to decelerate and uniformly mix the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption chamber unit 2 from above the solid particle premixer, when the solid heat storage particles are heated by the heat absorption chamber unit 2, because a curtain layer formed by the falling of the solid heat storage particles has a certain thickness, the temperature of the solid particle curtain layer is not uniform at any position in the thickness direction, and by adding the solid heat storage particle premixing function to the solid particle deceleration device, the temperature of the solid heat storage particles can be uniformized.
In addition, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, 4-7, a plurality of first communication holes 16 are provided at the top of at least one heat absorption chamber unit 2; in other embodiments, the top of at least one heat absorbing chamber unit 2 may also be provided with only one first communication hole;
referring to any one of fig. 4-7, the first through holes 16 are long slits, and the first through holes on the top of the same heat absorbing cavity unit 2 are parallel to each other and gradually separated from the light receiving opening.
Specifically, in practical applications, the first communication hole 16 may be a straight line-shaped slit, an arc-shaped slit, or a special-shaped slit formed by combining an arc line and a straight line.
By designing the first communication hole 16 to be a slit-shaped structure, when solid heat storage particles enter the heat absorption cavity unit 2 from the first communication hole 16, the solid heat storage particles can enter the heat absorption cavity unit in a curtain form, so that the contact area between the curtain of the solid heat storage particles and sunlight is increased.
Meanwhile, the width of the gap is designed, so that the thickness of the solid heat storage particle curtain can be controlled, and the sunlight can uniformly heat the solid heat storage particles.
In addition, a plurality of first communication holes which are parallel to each other are formed in the same heat absorption cavity unit 2, so that a plurality of layers of solid heat storage particle curtains can be formed in the heat absorption cavity unit, and as gaps are inevitably formed among solid heat storage particles in each layer of solid heat storage particle curtain, part of sunlight is inevitably penetrated through the outer layer of solid heat storage particle curtain; in addition, sunlight absorbs heat through the multiple layers of solid heat storage particle curtains, and sunlight energy reaching the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity unit is weakened, so that the requirement on high temperature resistance of the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity unit 2 is lowered, and the manufacturing cost of the whole particle heat absorber is lowered; moreover, as the light receiving opening on the side surface of the heat absorption cavity unit 2 is of an open structure, when the wind speed in the surrounding environment of the heat absorption cavity unit 2 is high, the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle curtain layer can be blown out of the heat absorption cavity unit 2, and at the moment, the flow of the outer solid heat storage particle curtain layer can be closed or reduced, so that the risk that the solid heat storage particles are blown to the outer side of the heat absorption cavity unit 2 is reduced.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 4-7, the transverse cross section of the backlight surface 14 of the heat absorption cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or a combination of the two, and the inner side wall of the backlight surface 14 of the heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a high temperature resistant reflective layer. Because the heat absorption chamber unit backlight face 14 designs for arc or zigzag structure to, the inside wall of heat absorption chamber unit backlight face 14 is provided with high temperature resistant reflection stratum, and the sunlight that gets into heat absorption chamber unit 2 through the light receiving opening 12 of heat absorption chamber unit 2 inside can take place the internal reflection in heat absorption chamber unit 2 is inside, thereby can reflect the sunlight that is not absorbed by the solid heat-retaining particle curtain to the solid heat-retaining particle curtain surface again, thereby improves the utilization efficiency to solar energy.
Further, in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a flow equalizing pipe 13 is disposed at a connection position of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device 3 and the first through hole on the heat absorption cavity unit 2 located at the lower portion of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and is used for uniformly dispersing solid heat storage particles along the extending direction of the first through hole, and a particle flow distribution device 10 is disposed at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device 3, so that solid particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device 3 uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit 2 along each first through hole disposed at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit, and the particle flow distribution device 10 is connected to the flow equalizing pipe 13.
The particle shunting device 10 comprises at least two particle shunting pipelines 9, a flow regulating device 8 is arranged on each particle shunting pipeline 9 to regulate the flow velocity of solid heat storage particles in each particle shunting pipeline 9, and the particle shunting pipelines 9 are connected with a flow equalizing pipe 13. Through setting up granule diverging device 10 and granule reposition of redundant personnel pipeline 9, can make solid heat-retaining granule shunted each first through-hole 16 department on same heat absorption chamber unit 2, and then make the solid heat-retaining granule that each granule reposition of redundant personnel pipeline 9 flows out by the extending direction homodisperse (refer to fig. 3) along first through-hole 16 through flow equalizing pipe 13 to form the solid heat-retaining granule curtain that gets into in heat absorption chamber unit 2.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the particle heat absorber, the heat absorption cavity in the particle heat absorber is provided with the multi-stage heat absorption cavity units, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between the two adjacent stages of heat absorption cavity units, when the particle heat absorber is used, solid heat storage particles start to fall freely after entering the heat absorption cavity, and when the solid heat storage particles reach the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, the speed of the solid heat storage particles is reduced, so that the retention time of the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity is prolonged, and the solid heat storage particles can have sufficient time to absorb solar energy;
2. when the solid heat storage particles fall to the solid heat storage particle speed reducing device, the solid heat storage particles can be premixed, so that the temperature of the solid heat storage particles is uniform;
3. according to the particle heat absorber, the plurality of first communication holes are arranged at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit, are arranged in parallel and are gradually far away from the light receiving opening, and when the wind speed in the surrounding environment of the particle heat absorber is high, one or more layers of solid heat storage particle curtains close to the light receiving opening can be reduced or closed, so that the risk that solid heat storage particles are blown out of the heat absorption cavity by wind can be effectively reduced; and because gaps exist among the solid heat storage particles in each layer of curtain, when sunlight irradiates on the curtain, partial sunlight penetrates through the gaps among the solid heat storage particles and reaches the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity, so that the inner wall of the heat absorption cavity is required to have higher high temperature resistance.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended to be illustrative only. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.
Claims (12)
1. A particulate heat sink, comprising:
the heat absorption cavity is formed by combining at least two heat absorption cavity units which are mutually connected in series in the height direction; the top of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one first communication hole allowing solid heat storage particles to enter the heat absorption cavity unit, and the bottom of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a second communication hole allowing the solid heat storage particles to be discharged from the heat absorption cavity unit; the side surface of each heat absorption cavity unit is provided with at least one light receiving opening so as to allow sunlight to pass through the light receiving openings to irradiate the surfaces of the solid heat storage particles flowing through the interior of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the particle heat absorber further comprises at least one solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is arranged between any two adjacent heat absorption cavity units, the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device is a solid particle premixer, and the solid particle premixer decelerates and uniformly mixes the solid heat storage particles in the heat absorption cavity units from the top of the solid particle premixer.
2. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the heat absorbing chamber units is provided with at least two first communication holes at the top.
3. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 2 wherein the first communication holes at the top of the same heat absorbing chamber unit are parallel to each other and gradually distant from the light receiving opening.
4. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first communication hole is an elongated slit.
5. A particulate heat sink according to claim 1 wherein the light receiving opening is oriented at an angle of 30 ° to 90 ° to the horizontal.
6. A particle heat absorber according to claim 1, wherein the transverse section of the back surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is arc-shaped, fold-shaped or a combination of the arc-shaped and the fold-shaped, and the inner side wall of the back surface of the heat absorption cavity unit is provided with a high temperature resistant light reflecting layer.
7. A particulate heat absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that a flow equalizing pipe is arranged at the connection of the solid heat storage particulate deceleration device and the first communication hole in the heat absorption chamber unit at the lower part thereof.
8. The particle heat absorber of claim 7, wherein a particle flow distribution device is disposed at the bottom of the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device, and the particle flow distribution device enables the solid heat storage particles in the solid heat storage particle speed reduction device to uniformly fall into the corresponding heat absorption cavity unit along each first through hole disposed at the top of the heat absorption cavity unit; and the particle shunting device is connected with the flow equalizing pipe.
9. The particle heat absorber of claim 8, wherein the particle diversion device comprises at least two particle diversion pipes, each particle diversion pipe is provided with a flow adjusting device, the flow adjusting device adjusts the flow rate of the solid heat storage particles in each particle diversion pipe, and each particle diversion pipe is connected with a corresponding flow equalizing pipe.
10. A heat absorption system, comprising:
a particulate heat sink according to any one of claims 1 to 9;
the particle discharge bin is arranged above the particle heat absorber and used for providing solid heat storage particles for the particle heat absorber;
the high-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the particle heat absorber and used for storing the solid heat storage particles heated by the particle heat absorber;
the heat exchanger is arranged below the high-temperature particle storage bin so as to transfer the heat stored by the solid heat storage particles to a heat absorption working medium in the heat exchanger;
the low-temperature particle storage bin is arranged below the heat exchanger and used for storing the solid heat storage particles discharged from the heat exchanger;
particle hoisting device, particle hoisting device's one end with the solid heat-retaining granule export intercommunication in low temperature granule storage storehouse, the other end with solid heat-retaining granule entry intercommunication on the granule blowing storehouse, with will solid heat-retaining granule in the low temperature granule storage storehouse shifts to in the granule blowing storehouse.
11. The heat absorption system of claim 10 wherein a flow equalization tube is disposed within the particulate discharge bin, the flow equalization tube dispersing solid heat storage particles entering the particulate heat absorber into a curtain of solid heat storage particles.
12. A solar thermal power generation system, characterized in that a heat absorption system according to claim 10 or 11 is provided.
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| CN110873471B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江可胜技术股份有限公司 | Heat absorption system and solar thermal power generation system |
| CN110873470B (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2021-11-23 | 浙江可胜技术股份有限公司 | Particle heat absorber, heat absorption system comprising same and solar thermal power generation system |
| CN112797648A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-05-14 | 首航高科能源技术股份有限公司 | Novel high-temperature solid particle heat absorber and system |
| CN113390190B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2022-06-21 | 吉林建筑大学 | Secondary reflection type particle heat absorber |
| CN115930462A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-04-07 | 浙江高晟光热发电技术研究院有限公司 | Circulation lifting solid particle heat absorber and tower solar thermal power generation system |
| CN114353354B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-12-26 | 浙江高晟光热发电技术研究院有限公司 | Multidirectional heat absorption cavity particle heat absorber and solar photo-thermal power generation system |
| CN114777340B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2025-07-25 | 湖南大学 | Concentrating solar cross-season sand high-temperature heat storage heating and water heating system |
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