CN110911814A - An antenna unit and electronic equipment - Google Patents
An antenna unit and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110911814A CN110911814A CN201911184582.2A CN201911184582A CN110911814A CN 110911814 A CN110911814 A CN 110911814A CN 201911184582 A CN201911184582 A CN 201911184582A CN 110911814 A CN110911814 A CN 110911814A
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- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
本发明实施例提供一种天线单元及电子设备，涉及通信技术领域，以解决现有的电子设备的毫米波天线覆盖的频段较少，导致电子设备的天线性能较差的问题。该天线单元包括：金属凹槽，设置在金属凹槽底部的M个馈电部，以及设置在金属凹槽内的M个辐射结构；其中，M个辐射结构中的每个辐射结构包括第一辐射体、与第一辐射体的第一端电连接的第二辐射体，以及与第二辐射体电连接的第三辐射体；且每个辐射结构中的第一辐射体的第二端与M个馈电部中的不同馈电部电连接，以及M个辐射结构按照第一顺序环绕设置在金属凹槽内，M为大于1的整数。该天线单元应用于电子设备中。
Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna unit and an electronic device, which relate to the field of communication technologies, so as to solve the problem that the millimeter-wave antenna of the existing electronic device covers less frequency bands, resulting in poor antenna performance of the electronic device. The antenna unit includes: a metal groove, M feed parts arranged at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiation structures arranged in the metal groove; wherein, each radiation structure in the M radiation structures includes a first a radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is connected to the Different ones of the M feeds are electrically connected, and the M radiating structures are arranged around the metal grooves in a first order, where M is an integer greater than 1. The antenna unit is used in electronic equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an antenna unit and electronic equipment.
Background
With the development of the fifth Generation mobile communication (5th-Generation, 5G) system and the wide application of electronic devices, the millimeter wave antenna is gradually applied to various electronic devices to meet the increasing use requirements of users.
At present, millimeter wave antennas in electronic devices are mainly implemented by antenna packaging (AiP) technology. For example, as shown in fig. 1, an array antenna 11 with an operating wavelength of millimeter waves, a Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit (RFIC) 12, a Power Management Integrated Circuit (PMIC) 13 and a connector 14 may be packaged into a module 10 by AiP technology, where the module 10 may be referred to as a millimeter wave antenna module. The antenna in the array antenna may be a patch antenna, a yagi-uda antenna, or a dipole antenna.
However, since the antennas in the array antenna are usually narrow-band antennas (such as the patch antennas listed above), the coverage frequency range of each antenna is limited, but the millimeter wave frequency range planned in the 5G system is usually many, for example, n257(26.5-29.5GHz) frequency range mainly based on 28GHz and n260(37.0-40.0GHz) frequency range mainly based on 39GHz, and the like, so that the conventional millimeter wave antenna module may not cover the mainstream millimeter wave frequency range planned in the 5G system, thereby resulting in poor antenna performance of the electronic device.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna unit and electronic equipment, and aims to solve the problem that the antenna performance of the electronic equipment is poor due to the fact that the frequency range covered by a millimeter wave antenna of the conventional electronic equipment is small.
In order to solve the technical problem, the present application is implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit, where the antenna unit includes: the antenna comprises a metal groove, M feeding parts arranged at the bottom of the metal groove and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected with different feed parts in the M feed parts, the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a surrounding mode according to a first sequence, and M is an integer larger than 1.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the antenna unit in the first aspect.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the antenna unit may include: the antenna comprises a metal groove, M feeding parts arranged at the bottom of the metal groove and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected with different feed parts in the M feed parts, the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a surrounding mode according to a first sequence, and M is an integer larger than 1. By the scheme, since the radiation structure includes the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator, when the feeding portion transmits the ac signal to the radiation structure, there may be a plurality of paths of current passing through the radiators, for example, a current path formed on the first radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the third radiator, and so on. And because M radiation structure encircles according to first order and sets up in the metal recess, consequently can make the distance between each radiation structure in this M radiation structure great, so can reduce the interference between this M radiation structure to can improve antenna element's port isolation, and then can further improve antenna element's performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional millimeter wave packaged antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a reflection coefficient diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of isolation of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a second exploded view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is one of the radiation patterns of an antenna element provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a second radiation pattern of the antenna unit according to the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a bottom view of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 10-millimeter wave antenna module; 11-array antenna with millimeter wave working wavelength; 12-RFIC; 13-PMIC; 14-a connector; 20-an antenna element; 201-metal recess; 202-a feeding part; 203-radiating structure; 203 a-first radiator; 203 b-a second radiator; 203 c-a third radiator; 204 — target insulator; 204a — a first insulator; 204b — a second insulator; 30-5G millimeter wave signals; 4-an electronic device; 40, a shell; 41-a first metal frame; 42-a second metal frame; 43 — a third metal frame; 44-a fourth metal frame; 45, a floor; 46 — a first antenna; 47-first groove.
In the embodiment of the present invention, coordinate axes in the coordinate system shown in the drawings are orthogonal to each other.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The term "and/or" herein is an association relationship describing an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. The symbol "/" herein denotes a relationship in which the associated object is or, for example, a/B denotes a or B.
The terms "first" and "second," and the like, in the description and in the claims of the present invention are used for distinguishing between different objects and not for describing a particular order of the objects. For example, the first radiator and the second radiator, etc. are for distinguishing different radiators, and are not for describing a specific order of the radiators.
In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean serving as examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "e.g.," an embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more, for example, a plurality of antenna elements means two or more antenna elements, and the like.
Some terms/nouns referred to in the embodiments of the present invention are explained below.
Alternating current signals: which is a signal that the direction of the current changes.
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology: which refers to a technique for transmitting or receiving a signal using a plurality of antennas at a transmission end (i.e., a transmitting end and a receiving end) to improve communication quality. In this technique, a signal can be transmitted or received through a plurality of antennas at a transmission end.
Relative dielectric constant: a physical parameter for characterizing dielectric or polarization properties of the dielectric material.
Floor board: refers to a portion of an electronic device that can act as a virtual ground. Such as a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) in an electronic device, a metal bezel, or a display screen of an electronic device.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit and an electronic device, where the antenna unit may include: the antenna comprises a metal groove, M feeding parts arranged at the bottom of the metal groove and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected with different feed parts in the M feed parts, the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a surrounding mode according to a first sequence, and M is an integer larger than 1. By the scheme, since the radiation structure includes the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator, when the feeding portion transmits the ac signal to the radiation structure, there may be a plurality of paths of current passing through the radiators, for example, a current path formed on the first radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the third radiator, and so on. And because M radiation structure encircles according to first order and sets up in the metal recess, consequently can make the distance between each radiation structure in this M radiation structure great, so can reduce the interference between this M radiation structure to can improve antenna element's port isolation, and then can further improve antenna element's performance.
The antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to an electronic device, and may also be applied to other devices that need to use the antenna unit, and may be determined specifically according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited. The following describes an exemplary antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, taking an application of the antenna unit to an electronic device as an example.
The following describes an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the antenna unit 20 may include a metal groove 201, M feeding portions 202 disposed at the bottom of the metal groove 201, and M radiating structures 203 disposed in the metal groove 201.
Wherein each radiation structure (hereinafter, referred to as each radiation structure) 203 of the M radiation structures may include a first radiator 203a, a second radiator 203b electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator 203a, and a third radiator 203c electrically connected to the second radiator 203 b; and the second end of the first radiator 203a in each radiation structure may be electrically connected to a different feeding portion of the M feeding portions, and the M radiation structures may be disposed in the metal groove 201 in a first order, where M is an integer greater than 1.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to illustrate the structure of the antenna unit more clearly, fig. 2 is an exploded view of the antenna unit, that is, an exploded view of the antenna unit is illustrated in a state where all components of the antenna unit are separated. In practical implementation, the M feeding portions and the M radiating structures may be disposed in the metal groove, that is, the metal groove, the M feeding portions and the M radiating structures form a whole, so as to form an antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 2, the second end of the first radiator 203a and the power feeding unit 202 are not shown in an electrically connected state, and in actual implementation, the second end of the first radiator 203a may be electrically connected to the power feeding unit 202.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the first sequence may be a clockwise sequence or a counterclockwise sequence. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
In an embodiment of the present invention, for example, the M radiation structures are arranged around the metal groove in a clockwise order, and assuming that the M radiation structures are four radiation structures (the structures of the four radiation structures may be the same), the four radiation structures may be arranged in the metal groove in a clockwise order according to an order from a first end of a first radiator in a first radiation structure to a second end of the first radiator, from the first end of the first radiator in a second radiation structure to the second end of the first radiator, from the first end of the first radiator in a third radiation structure to the second end of the first radiator, and finally from the first end of the first radiator in a fourth radiation structure to the second end of the first radiator.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the M radiating structures are circumferentially disposed in the metal groove according to the first order, a distance between each of the M radiating structures is relatively large, so that mutual interference between the feeding arms can be reduced.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the first radiator in each radiation structure may be electrically connected to the first end of the second radiator, and the second end of the second radiator may be electrically connected to the first end of the third radiator.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiation structure may be integrally formed or assembled. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
It should be noted that, the examples in the embodiments of the present invention are all exemplified by taking the radiation structure as an assembly. For the implementation manner of the radiation structure being integrally formed, which is similar to the implementation manner of the radiation structure being assembled, the embodiment of the present invention is not described again to avoid repetition.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first radiator and the third radiator in the radiation structure may be metal sheets, and the second radiator may be a metal pillar; alternatively, the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator in the radiation structure may all be metal sheets. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
In order to more clearly describe the antenna unit and the operating principle thereof provided by the embodiment of the present invention, an example of the operating principle of the antenna unit for transmitting and receiving signals provided by the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below by taking one antenna unit as an example.
When the electronic equipment sends 5G millimeter wave signals, a signal source in the electronic equipment sends out alternating current signals, and the alternating current signals can be transmitted to the radiation structure through the feeding portion. Then, after the radiation structure receives the ac signal, the ac signal may be radiated to the outside via the first, second, and third radiators in the radiation structure. Since the current path of the ac signal through the radiation structure may have a plurality of paths, such as a current path formed on the first radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, and a current path from the first radiator to the third radiator, the radiation structure may radiate electromagnetic waves of different frequencies. Therefore, the electronic device can transmit signals with different frequencies through the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention.
For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the electronic device receives the 5G millimeter wave signal, the electromagnetic wave in the space where the electronic device is located may excite the radiator (e.g., the third radiator in the radiation structure) in the radiation structure, so that the radiation structure may generate an induced current (i.e., an induced ac signal). After the radiating structure generates the induced alternating current signal, the radiating structure can input the alternating current signal to a receiver in the electronic device through the feeding portion, so that the electronic device can receive a 5G millimeter wave signal transmitted by other devices. That is, the electronic device may receive signals through the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
The performance of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention is exemplarily described below with reference to fig. 3.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 3, a reflection coefficient diagram of an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention is shown when the antenna unit operates. When the return loss is less than-6 dB, the frequency range covered by the antenna unit can be 26GHz-40GHz, the frequency range can comprise a plurality of millimeter wave frequency bands (such as n257, n258, n260 and n261), and when the return loss is less than-10 dB, the frequency range covered by the antenna unit can be 27.4GHz-29.8GHz and 36.1GHz-38.9GHz, and the frequency range can also comprise a millimeter wave frequency band (such as n 261).
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, when the return loss of one antenna unit is less than-6 dB, the antenna unit can meet the actual use requirement; when the return loss of one antenna unit is less than-10 dB, the working performance of the antenna unit is more excellent. Namely, the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can ensure better working performance on the basis of meeting the actual use requirement.
Embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna unit, where a radiation structure includes a first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator, so that when a feed portion transmits an ac signal to the radiation structure, there are various paths of a current through the radiators, for example, a current path formed on the first radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, and a current path from the first radiator to the third radiator, and so on. And because M radiation structure encircles according to first order and sets up in the metal recess, consequently can make the distance between each radiation structure in this M radiation structure great, so can reduce the interference between this M radiation structure to can improve antenna element's port isolation, and then can further improve antenna element's performance.
Optionally, the M radiation structures are disposed in the metal groove along an inner sidewall of the metal groove according to the first order in an order from a first end of a first radiator to a second end of the first radiator in the radiation structure.
That is, in the first order, the second end of the first radiator in one of the M radiation structures may be adjacent to the first end of the first radiator in a next radiation structure adjacent to the one radiation structure.
It is understood that the M radiating structures may form a ring-like shape, that is, the M radiating structures are disposed around the metal groove.
In the embodiment of the present invention, since the current flowing through the radiation structures has directivity when the antenna unit operates, the M radiation structures are arranged according to the first order, and the distances between different radiation structures can be increased (i.e., the distances between one radiation structure and other radiation structures are all relatively large), so that the interference between different radiation structures can be reduced, and the isolation of the ports of the antenna unit can be improved. And because the radiation structures are arranged along the inner side wall of the metal groove, the radiation structures are distributed in the metal groove in a relatively discrete mode, so that the interference among the radiation structures can be further reduced, and the isolation degree of the ports of the antenna unit can be further improved.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the metal groove is a rectangular groove, the M radiation structures may include a first radiation structure, a second radiation structure, a third radiation structure, and a fourth radiation structure, and the first radiation structure, the second radiation structure, the third radiation structure, and the fourth radiation structure are sequentially disposed in the metal groove along an inner sidewall of the metal groove.
Wherein, first radiation structure and third radiation structure all can be parallel with the first inside wall of metal recess, and second radiation structure and fourth radiation structure all can be parallel with the second inside wall of metal recess, and this first inside wall can be perpendicular with this second inside wall.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation structure, the second radiation structure, the third radiation structure, and the fourth radiation structure may also be disposed around the metal groove in any other possible manner, for example, the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure are both parallel to the second inner side wall of the metal groove, and the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure are both parallel to the first inner side wall of the metal groove. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 4, a top view of the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention in the direction opposite to the Z-axis (e.g., the coordinate system shown in fig. 2) is shown. The first radiation structure 2030 and the third radiation structure 2031 may be parallel to an inner sidewall S1 (i.e., the first inner sidewall) of the metal groove, and the second radiation structure 2032 and the fourth radiation structure 2033 may be parallel to an inner sidewall S2 (i.e., the second inner sidewall) of the metal groove. And as can be seen in fig. 4, the inner sidewall S1 is perpendicular to the inner sidewall S2.
It should be noted that, since fig. 4 is a top view of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention in the direction opposite to the Z axis, both the first inner side wall and the second inner side wall of the metal groove are illustrated by horizontal lines in fig. 4.
Alternatively, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure may form a radiation structure group (hereinafter, referred to as a first radiation structure group), and the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure may form a radiation structure group (hereinafter, referred to as a second radiation structure group).
In the embodiment of the present invention, as can be seen from fig. 4, the radiation structures are arranged in the metal groove in such a manner that the first radiation structure, the second radiation structure, the third radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure are sequentially arranged in the metal groove along the inner side wall of the metal groove, so that the distance between the first radiation structure 2030 and the third radiation structure 2031 is relatively large, and the distance between the second radiation structure 2032 and the fourth radiation structure 2033 is relatively large.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as the larger the distance between the radiation structures in one radiation structure group is, the smaller the influence of the radiation structure group on other radiation structure groups is, the distance between the radiation structures in the two radiation structure groups (the first radiation structure group and the second radiation structure group) can be increased by sequentially arranging the first radiation structure, the second radiation structure, the third radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure in the metal groove along the inner side wall of the metal groove, so that in the working process of the antenna unit, the mutual influence between the radiation structure groups can be reduced, and further, the interference between different polarizations of the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be reduced.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation structure group and the second radiation structure group may be two radiation structure groups with different polarizations.
For example, the first set of radiation structures may be a horizontally polarized set of radiation structures and the second set of radiation structures may be a vertically polarized set of radiation structures.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first radiation structure group and the second radiation structure group may be radiation structure groups polarized in two different directions (first polarization and second polarization), so that the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention may form a dual-polarized antenna unit, and thus, the wireless connection capability of the antenna unit may be improved, thereby reducing the probability of communication disconnection of the antenna unit, and further improving the communication capability of the antenna unit.
Moreover, since the antenna unit may include two pairs of radiation structure groups, the electronic device may transmit and receive signals through the two pairs of radiation structure groups in the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit may implement an MIMO technology, thereby improving communication capacity and communication rate of the antenna unit, and further improving data transmission rate of the antenna unit.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first radiator and the third radiator in each radiation structure may be parallel to a surface where the opening of the metal groove is located, and the second radiator in each radiation structure may be perpendicular to the first radiator and the third radiator.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 5, a cross-sectional view of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. As shown in fig. 5, the first radiator 203a and the third radiator 203c in the radiation structure may be parallel to the surface where the metal groove 201 is opened, and the second radiator 203b in the radiation structure may be perpendicular to the surface where the metal groove 201 is opened, that is, the second radiator 203b in the radiation structure may be perpendicular to the first radiator 203a and the third radiator 203 c.
Of course, in actual implementation, the position relationship among the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiation structure may also be any other possible position relationship, and may specifically be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited.
In the embodiment of the present invention, because the radiation structures have different structures, that is, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiation structure have different positional relationships, and the operating performance of the antenna unit may be different, the positional relationships of the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiation structure may be set according to the actual use requirement of the antenna unit, so that the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention may operate in the 5G millimeter wave frequency band.
In addition, because the first radiator, the third radiator and the second radiator in the radiation structure can increase the current path on the radiation structure, the frequency band covered by the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can be expanded.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the M feeding portions may penetrate through the bottom of the metal groove and be insulated from the metal groove.
In particular, in practical implementation, as shown in fig. 2, a first end of the feeding portion may be electrically connected to a second end of the first radiator 203a in the radiation structure, and a second end (not shown in fig. 2) of the feeding portion may be electrically connected to one signal source in the electronic device (for example, the 5G signal source 30 in the electronic device shown in fig. 5). In this way, the current of the signal source in the electronic device can be transmitted to the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator in the radiation structure through the feeding portion, so that the current of the signal source in the electronic device can be radiated out through the antenna unit, and the antenna unit can work normally.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the setting positions of the M feeding portions at the bottom of the metal groove may be determined according to the setting positions of the M feeding arm units in the metal groove.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, a cross section of an opening of the metal groove is rectangular, the M feeding portions may be four feeding portions, two feeding portions of the four feeding portions may be located on one symmetry axis of the metal groove, and the other two feeding portions of the four feeding portions may be located on the other symmetry axis of the metal groove.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, two feeding portions electrically connected to the first radiators in the first and third radiation structures may be located on one symmetry axis of the metal groove, and two feeding portions electrically connected to the first radiators in the second and fourth radiation structures may be located on the other symmetry axis of the metal groove. In this way, the distance between the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure and the distance between the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure can be further increased, so that the mutual interference between the radiation structure groups with different polarizations can be further reduced.
Next, referring to fig. 6, an exemplary description is provided of the isolation of the ports of the antenna unit according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 6, a schematic diagram of polarization isolation of an antenna unit when the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention operates is provided. It is assumed that a radiation structure group formed by the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure is a horizontally polarized radiation structure group, a radiation structure group formed by the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure is a vertically polarized radiation structure group, a feeding portion electrically connected with the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure (specifically, a second end of a first radiator in the radiation structure group) is distributed on one symmetry axis of the metal groove, and a feeding portion electrically connected with the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure is distributed on the other symmetry axis of the metal groove. Then, as shown in fig. 6, the port isolation of the antenna unit is less than-50 dB in the full frequency band in which the antenna unit operates (i.e., all frequency bands that the antenna unit can cover). However, the port isolation of the antenna unit is-10 dB to meet the actual use requirement, and the smaller the port isolation of the antenna unit is, the smaller the mutual influence between the ports of the antenna unit is, so the polarization isolation of the ports of the antenna unit can be improved by the above setting method, and the polarization performance of the antenna unit can be further optimized.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude of the signal source electrically connected to the two feeding portions on the same diagonal line is equal, and the phase difference is 180 degrees. Therefore, the antenna unit feeding mode provided by the embodiment of the invention is a differential feeding mode, so that the data transmission rate of the antenna unit can be further improved, namely the communication capacity and the communication rate of the antenna unit can be further improved.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, with reference to fig. 2, as shown in fig. 7, the antenna unit 20 may further include a target insulator 204 disposed in the metal groove 201, where the target insulator 204 may carry the M radiation structures 203.
The second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure may be electrically connected to a different one of the M feeding portions in the target insulator.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the radiation structure in the M radiation structures may be carried on the target insulator, or may be carried in the target insulator. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the target insulator may not only carry the M radiation structures, but also isolate the M radiation structures from the metal groove, so that mutual interference between the M radiation structures and the metal groove may be reduced in a working process of the antenna unit.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present invention, the target insulator may include a first insulator 204a and a second insulator 204 b.
The first insulator 204a may carry the M radiating structures, and the second end of the first radiator 203a in each radiating structure may be electrically connected to a different one of the M feeding portions located in the second insulator 204 b.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, a cross-sectional shape of the first insulator may be the same as an opening shape of the metal groove. Such as rectangular or circular, etc.
Accordingly, the cross-sectional shape of the second insulator may be the same as the opening shape of the metal groove.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the first insulator and the cross-sectional shape of the second insulator may be any shapes that can meet the actual use requirements. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the first insulator may be any possible material such as plastic or foam; the material of the second insulator can be any possible material such as plastic or foam. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, a material of the first insulator and a material of the second insulator may be the same or different. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first insulator may be made of an insulating material having a relatively small relative dielectric constant and a relatively small loss tangent; the material of the second insulator may be an insulating material having a relatively small relative permittivity and a relatively small loss tangent. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, on the premise of carrying the M feeding arms, the smaller the loss tangent values of the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator are, the smaller the influence of the first insulator and the second insulator on the radiation effect of the antenna unit is. That is, the smaller the loss tangent values of the material of the first insulator and the material of the second insulator, the smaller the influence of the first insulator and the second insulator on the operation performance of the antenna unit, and the better the radiation effect of the antenna unit.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, a surface of the third radiator in each radiation structure may be flush with a surface where the opening of the metal groove is located.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, a first end of the second radiator 203b in each radiation structure may be electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator 203a, and a second end of the second radiator 203b in each radiation structure is electrically connected to the third radiator 203 c. The second end of the second radiator 203b and the third radiator 203c may be flush with the surface of the opening of the metal groove 201.
In practice, of course, the second radiator in the radiation structure may also be located in the metal groove, that is, the second end of the second radiator may be lower than the surface of the opening of the metal groove, which may be determined according to actual usage requirements, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the positions of the third radiators in the metal grooves are different, the performances of the antenna unit are possibly different, so that the positions of the third radiators can be set according to actual use requirements, and the design of the antenna unit can be more flexible.
Furthermore, when the third radiator is flush with the surface where the opening of the metal groove is located, the third radiator can directly radiate electromagnetic waves outwards, so that the influence of other parts in the metal groove on the third radiator can be reduced, and the radiation performance of the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can be improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the antenna units shown in the above drawings are all exemplarily described by referring to one drawing in the embodiment of the present invention. In specific implementation, the antenna units shown in the above drawings may also be implemented in combination with any other drawings that may be combined, which are illustrated in the above embodiments, and are not described herein again.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which may include the antenna unit provided in any one of fig. 2 to 7. For the description of the antenna unit, reference may be specifically made to the description of the antenna unit in the foregoing embodiments, and details are not described here.
The electronic device in the embodiment of the invention can be a mobile electronic device or a non-mobile electronic device. For example, the mobile electronic device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm top computer, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), and the like, and the non-mobile electronic device may be a Personal Computer (PC), a Television (TV), a server or a teller machine, and the like, and the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present invention, at least one first groove may be disposed in a housing of the electronic device, and at least one antenna unit may be disposed in each of the at least one first groove.
In the embodiment of the present invention, at least one antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention is integrated in the electronic device by disposing the at least one first groove in the housing of the electronic device and disposing at least one antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention in each first groove, so that the electronic device may include the antenna array formed by the antenna units provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first groove may be disposed in a frame of a housing of the electronic device.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 8, the electronic device 4 may include a housing 40. The case 40 may include a first metal frame 41, a second metal frame 42 connected to the first metal frame 41, a third metal frame 43 connected to the second metal frame 42, and a fourth metal frame 44 connected to both the third metal frame 43 and the first metal frame 41. The electronic device 4 may further include a floor 45 connected to the second metal frame 42 and the fourth metal frame 44, and a first antenna 46 (specifically, these metal frames may also be a part of the first antenna) disposed in an area surrounded by the third metal frame 43, a part of the second metal frame 42, and a part of the fourth metal frame 44. Wherein, the second metal frame 42 is provided with a first groove 47. Therefore, the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention can be arranged in the first groove, so that the electronic equipment can comprise the array antenna module formed by the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention, and the design of integrating the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention in the electronic equipment can be further realized.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the floor may be any part that can be used as a virtual ground, such as a PCB or a metal middle frame in an electronic device, or a display screen of an electronic device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first antenna may be a communication antenna of a second generation mobile communication system (i.e., a 2G system), a third generation mobile communication system (i.e., a 3G system), a fourth generation mobile communication system (i.e., a 4G system), and the like of the electronic device. The antenna unit (the antenna unit formed by the metal groove, the M feeding portions, the M feeding arm units and the like) integrated in the electronic device in the embodiment of the present invention may be an antenna of a 5G system of the electronic device.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the at least one first groove may be disposed in the same frame of the housing, or may be disposed in different frames. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of first grooves may be disposed on a housing of an electronic device, so that a plurality of antenna units provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be disposed in the electronic device, and thus the electronic device may include a plurality of antenna units, so as to improve antenna performance of the electronic device.
In the embodiment of the present invention, when a plurality of antenna units are disposed in the electronic device, according to the structure of the antenna units, the distance between two adjacent first grooves may be reduced, that is, the distance between two adjacent antenna units is reduced, so that when the electronic device includes a smaller number of antenna units, the scanning angle of the beam of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the radiation structure (specifically, the first radiator, the second radiator, and the third radiator in the radiation structure) in the antenna unit may be increased, and thus the scanning range of the millimeter wave antenna of the electronic device may be increased.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the metal groove in the antenna unit may be a part of a housing of the electronic device. It will be appreciated that the metal recess may be a recess provided on a housing of the electronic device.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, the housing of the electronic device may be a radiator of a non-millimeter wave antenna in the electronic device.
In the embodiment of the invention, the shell of the electronic equipment can also be used as a radiator of a non-millimeter wave antenna in the electronic equipment, so that the antennas (the millimeter wave antenna and the non-millimeter wave antenna) in the electronic equipment can be integrated into a whole, and the space occupied by the antennas in the electronic equipment can be greatly reduced.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the metal groove may be disposed on a metal frame of a housing of the electronic device.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 9, at least one metal groove 201 may be disposed in the housing 40 of the electronic device 4 provided in the embodiment of the present invention, and the M radiation structures and the M feeding portions in the antenna unit may be disposed in the metal groove 201 (in practice, the metal groove is not visible in the perspective of the electronic device illustrated in fig. 9).
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, one metal groove may be disposed in any one of the first metal frame, the second metal frame, the third metal frame, and the fourth metal frame of the housing. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
It can be understood that, in a case that the metal groove is disposed on a frame of the housing (e.g., the first metal frame, etc.), a side wall of the metal groove, a bottom of the metal groove, etc. in the embodiment of the present invention may be a portion of an electronic device, and in particular, may be a portion of a frame of the housing provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the metal groove can be arranged on the basis of the metal frame of the electronic equipment, so that the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the invention is arranged on the metal frame, the metal texture of the electronic equipment can not be influenced, the integrity of the metal frame of the electronic equipment can be kept, and the metal occupation ratio of the electronic equipment can be kept.
In addition, the metal frame of the electronic equipment is used as a reflector of the antenna unit to obtain higher gain, and meanwhile, the antenna unit is insensitive to the internal environment and devices of the electronic equipment, so that the design of structural stacking of the electronic equipment is facilitated.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of metal grooves may be disposed in a housing of the electronic device, and M radiation structures and M feeding portions and other components in the embodiment of the present invention are disposed in each metal groove, so that a plurality of antenna units provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in the electronic device, and thus, the antenna units may form an antenna array, so that antenna performance of the electronic device may be improved.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 10, when the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention radiates a signal with a frequency of 28GHz, a radiation pattern of the antenna unit is provided; as shown in fig. 11, when the antenna unit provided in the embodiment of the present invention radiates a signal with a frequency of 39GHz, the antenna unit radiates a directional pattern. As can be seen from fig. 10 and 11, the maximum radiation direction of the antenna unit at 28GHz is the same as the maximum radiation direction of the antenna unit at 39GHz, and therefore the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for forming a broadband antenna array. Therefore, the electronic device may be provided with at least two metal grooves, and each metal groove is provided with the M radiating structures, the M feeding portions and other components, so that the electronic device includes a plurality of antenna units provided by the embodiments of the present invention, and thus the electronic device may include an antenna array formed by the antenna units, and further, the antenna performance of the electronic device may be improved.
Optionally, in this embodiment of the present invention, when a plurality of antenna units provided in this embodiment of the present invention are integrated in an electronic device, a distance between two adjacent antenna units (that is, a distance between two adjacent metal grooves) may be determined according to an isolation of the antenna units and a scanning angle of an antenna array formed by the antenna units. The method can be determined according to actual use requirements, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the metal grooves provided in the housing of the electronic device may be determined according to the size of the metal groove and the size of the housing of the electronic device, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 12, a bottom view of a plurality of antenna units provided on a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention in a Z-axis forward direction (a coordinate system shown in fig. 9) is provided. Assuming that the metal groove is a rectangular groove, as shown in fig. 12, a plurality of antenna units provided by the embodiment of the present invention are disposed on the third metal frame 43 (each antenna unit is formed by a metal groove 201 on the housing, M feeding portions (not shown in the figure) disposed at the bottom of the metal groove, and M radiating structures 203 disposed in the metal groove).
In the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned fig. 12 is an example of 4 antenna units disposed on the third metal frame, and does not limit the embodiment of the present invention at all. It can be understood that, in a specific implementation, the number of the antenna units disposed on the third metal frame may be determined according to an actual use requirement, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited at all.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which may include an antenna unit. The antenna unit may include: the antenna comprises a metal groove, M feeding parts arranged at the bottom of the metal groove and M radiating structures arranged in the metal groove; each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected with different feed parts in the M feed parts, the M radiating structures are arranged in the metal groove in a surrounding mode according to a first sequence, and M is an integer larger than 1. By the scheme, since the radiation structure includes the first radiator, the second radiator and the third radiator, when the feeding portion transmits the ac signal to the radiation structure, there may be a plurality of paths of current passing through the radiators, for example, a current path formed on the first radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the second radiator, a current path from the first radiator to the third radiator, and so on. And because M radiation structure encircles according to first order and sets up in the metal recess, consequently can make the distance between each radiation structure in this M radiation structure great, so can reduce the interference between this M radiation structure to can improve antenna element's port isolation, and then can further improve antenna element's performance.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
While the present embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise embodiments described above, which are meant to be illustrative and not restrictive, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit comprises: the antenna comprises a metal groove, M feeding parts and M radiating structures, wherein the M feeding parts are arranged at the bottom of the metal groove;
each of the M radiating structures includes a first radiator, a second radiator electrically connected to a first end of the first radiator, and a third radiator electrically connected to the second radiator; and the second end of the first radiator in each radiation structure is electrically connected with different feed parts in the M feed parts, the M radiation structures are arranged in the metal groove in a surrounding manner according to a first sequence, and M is an integer greater than 1.
2. The antenna element of claim 1, wherein the M radiating structures are disposed in the metal recess along an inner sidewall of the metal recess in the first order from a first end of a first radiator to a second end of the first radiator in the radiating structures.
3. The antenna unit of claim 2, wherein the metal groove is a rectangular groove, the M radiating structures include a first radiating structure, a second radiating structure, a third radiating structure and a fourth radiating structure, and the first radiating structure, the second radiating structure, the third radiating structure and the fourth radiating structure are sequentially disposed in the metal groove along an inner sidewall of the metal groove;
the first radiation structure and the third radiation structure are parallel to a first inner side wall of the metal groove, the second radiation structure and the fourth radiation structure are parallel to a second inner side wall of the metal groove, and the first inner side wall is perpendicular to the second inner side wall.
4. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the first radiator and the third radiator in each radiating structure are parallel to a surface on which the metal slot opens, and wherein the second radiator in each radiating structure is perpendicular to the first radiator and the third radiator.
5. The antenna unit of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the M feed portions extend through the metal groove bottom and are insulated from the metal groove.
6. The antenna unit according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal slot opening is rectangular in cross-section, the M feeding portions are four feeding portions, two feeding portions of the four feeding portions are located on one symmetry axis of the metal slot, and the other two feeding portions of the four feeding portions are located on the other symmetry axis of the metal slot.
7. The antenna unit of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a target insulator disposed within the metal recess, the target insulator carrying the M radiating structures;
wherein the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected with a different one of the M feeds in the target insulator.
8. The antenna unit of claim 7, wherein the target insulator comprises a first insulator and a second insulator;
the first insulator carries the M radiating structures, and the second end of the first radiator in each radiating structure is electrically connected to a different one of the M feed portions in the second insulator.
9. The antenna unit of any one of claims 1-4, wherein a surface of the third radiator in each radiating structure is flush with a surface of the opening of the metal recess.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises at least one antenna unit according to any of claims 1-9.
11. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein at least one first recess is disposed in a housing of the electronic device, and wherein at least one antenna element is disposed in each of the at least one first recess.
12. The electronic device of claim 10, wherein the metal groove in the antenna unit is part of a housing of the electronic device.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911184582.2A CN110911814A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | An antenna unit and electronic equipment |
| PCT/CN2020/130773 WO2021104191A1 (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2020-11-23 | Antenna unit and electronic device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911184582.2A CN110911814A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | An antenna unit and electronic equipment |
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| CN110911814A true CN110911814A (en) | 2020-03-24 |
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| CN201911184582.2A Pending CN110911814A (en) | 2019-11-27 | 2019-11-27 | An antenna unit and electronic equipment |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110911814A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021104191A1 (en) |
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| CN111555019A (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2020-08-18 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
| CN112421220A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-26 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna structure and electronic equipment |
| CN112599960A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-02 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Electronic device |
| WO2021104191A1 (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-06-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna unit and electronic device |
| CN112909512A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-06-04 | 上海安费诺永亿通讯电子有限公司 | Ultra-wideband antenna and antenna array |
| WO2022143292A1 (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-07 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna subarray, antenna array, method and device for polarization reconstruction |
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| JP7493962B2 (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2024-06-03 | キヤノン株式会社 | antenna |
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| WO2021104191A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
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