CN110912342A - Inductive rotary position sensor - Google Patents
Inductive rotary position sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN110912342A CN110912342A CN201911235675.3A CN201911235675A CN110912342A CN 110912342 A CN110912342 A CN 110912342A CN 201911235675 A CN201911235675 A CN 201911235675A CN 110912342 A CN110912342 A CN 110912342A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
- H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
- H02K11/215—Magnetic effect devices, e.g. Hall-effect or magneto-resistive elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/20—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature
- G01D5/204—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils
- G01D5/2086—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying inductance, e.g. by a movable armature by influencing the mutual induction between two or more coils by movement of two or more coils with respect to two or more other coils
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K55/00—Dynamo-electric machines having windings operating at cryogenic temperatures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种电感式旋转位置传感器。该技术方案基于转子旋转时定子电感随角度变化的原理实现检测；并为传感器的低温运行采用了特定的绝缘材料和全新布置结构。具体来看，本发明采用电感测量方法设计机械和电气结构，可显著简化装置构造；采用耐低温绝缘材料，通过漆包线、绝缘套管和浸漆工艺可保证足够的机械强度。在检测过程中，可对传感器线圈施加交流电流或交流电压，对于产生的交流电压和交流电流，经测量后，利用信号处理电路输出低频信号，进而通过Clark变换得到合成矢量，通过计算合成矢量的角度得到传感器角度。本发明不仅具有良好的检测效果，而且显著拓宽了传感器适用的温度范围，同时无需复杂的系统构造，可保证较低的产品成本。
The present invention provides an inductive rotary position sensor. The technical solution realizes detection based on the principle that the stator inductance changes with the angle when the rotor rotates; and adopts a specific insulating material and a new arrangement structure for the low temperature operation of the sensor. Specifically, the invention adopts the inductance measurement method to design the mechanical and electrical structure, which can significantly simplify the device structure; adopts the low temperature resistant insulating material, and can ensure sufficient mechanical strength through the enameled wire, the insulating sleeve and the dipping process. During the detection process, AC current or AC voltage can be applied to the sensor coil. For the generated AC voltage and AC current, after measurement, the signal processing circuit is used to output a low-frequency signal, and then a composite vector is obtained through Clark transformation. Angle gets the sensor angle. The invention not only has good detection effect, but also significantly widens the applicable temperature range of the sensor, and at the same time does not require complicated system structure, and can ensure lower product cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rotor position sensors, in particular to an inductive rotary position sensor.
Background
The motor is a core mechanical device for realizing electric drive, and is widely applied; in the control of the motor, the position sensor has an indispensable role. The task of the position sensor is to measure the angle of the rotor of the motor, which is typically mounted on the motor shaft and sends the position information to the controller via electrical signals via wires. Different types of sensors may be used for different motors, such as photoelectric encoders, magneto-electric encoders, rotary transformers, hall sensors, etc. Position sensors currently in use in the consumer, industrial or military fields are used in a temperature range that does not exceed-55 c to 150 c at the most.
However, in some operating conditions (e.g., special applications where the motor is immersed in a liquid gas for operation), the motor position sensor is required to operate in an environment below-150 ℃, and conventional sensors on the market will not be adequate. For a reliable control of the motor, special sensors, which are very expensive, have to be used. For example, some american corporation produces resolvers for aerospace applications that can operate in a temperature range that is as close to absolute zero degrees, up to several hundred degrees.
However, such aerospace sensors are very expensive and would not be acceptable to the market if used in conventional industrial products.
The main reason that the existing general-purpose sensors cannot be used in a low-temperature environment is that the insulating materials used cannot withstand the low-temperature environment. These sensors are complex in construction, are internally assembled from a number of electrical and electronic components, and are supported and electrically isolated using a large amount of insulating material. In order to meet different electrical and mechanical requirements, it is difficult to avoid using many different insulating materials, and most of these insulating materials become brittle in low temperature environments, have reduced toughness, crack under shock and mechanical impact, cause insulation failure, and lose support, thereby causing sensor failure.
In particular, the optical properties of the conventional sensor using the photoelectric technology are changed in a low-temperature environment, and the conventional sensor cannot perform a normal function.
In addition, some sensors use permanent magnetic materials inside. And most permanent magnetic materials have reduced magnetism at low temperature, so that the sensor can not work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inductive rotary position sensor aiming at the technical defects of the prior art so as to solve the technical problem that the conventional position sensor in the prior art is applicable to a narrow temperature range.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem that the conventional position sensor cannot work by being soaked in low-temperature liquid.
The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of how to ensure lower product cost while widening the temperature application range of the position sensor.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to ensure that the insulating material in the position sensor does not fail in a low temperature environment.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the inductive rotary position sensor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor, rotor teeth, a stator, stator teeth, a coil, a conducting wire and an insulating hose, wherein the rotor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, the rotor teeth are arranged on the rotor, the stator is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the rotor, the stator teeth are arranged on the inner side of the stator, the coil is wound on the stator teeth, the coil is connected to the outside of the sensor through the conducting wire, and the insulating hose is sleeved on the outside of the conducting wire.
Preferably, the conducting wires are sleeved inside the insulating hose from the root to the tail end; the insulating hose is a glass fiber-polyimide composite pipe.
Preferably, the coil is made of a low-temperature-resistant enameled wire; the insulating paint on the surface of the low-temperature-resistant enameled wire is made of polyimide.
Preferably, the rotor and the stator are each formed by stacking silicon steel sheets.
Preferably, the rotor and the stator are each made of a magnetically permeable material; and an insulating layer made of polyimide is attached to the surface of the stator by a paint dipping method.
Preferably, after the coil is wound and the insulating hose is fitted over the lead wire, the entire surface of the stator, the stator teeth, the coil, the lead wire, and the insulating hose is coated with an insulating layer made of polyimide by a dip coating method.
Preferably, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a motor shaft, and the stator is fixedly connected with a motor shell.
Preferably, the number of the rotor teeth is 4, and the four rotor teeth are uniformly distributed on the outer edge of the rotor; the number of the stator teeth is 6, the six stator teeth are uniformly distributed on the inner edge of the stator, and the adjacent stator teeth are spaced by the yoke.
Preferably, the device further comprises an alternating current generator, an amplifier and a signal processing circuit, wherein the alternating current generator applies a high-frequency current carrier signal of 10-20 kHz to the coil, the amplifier measures the voltage of the coil, and the signal processing circuit filters out high-frequency carrier and direct-current components in the measured voltage signal and outputs a low-frequency signal.
Preferably, the device further comprises an alternating voltage generator, a sampling resistor and a signal processing circuit, wherein the alternating voltage generator applies a high-frequency voltage carrier signal of 10-20 kHz to the coil, the sampling resistor measures the current of the coil, and the signal processing circuit filters out high-frequency carrier and direct-current components in the measured current signal and outputs a low-frequency signal.
The invention provides an inductive rotary position sensor. The technical scheme is based on the principle that the inductance of the stator changes along with the rotation angle when the rotor rotates to realize detection; and a special insulating material and a brand new arrangement structure are adopted for the low-temperature operation of the sensor.
Specifically, the present invention first eliminates conventional insulating support components by simplifying the mechanical structure and electrical design, and additionally ensures the consistency of the insulating material by avoiding the use of electrical connection points in and near low temperature areas within the sensor. Secondly, the specific low-temperature-resistant insulating material is adopted, so that electrical insulation can be provided, sufficient mechanical support can be ensured, and the insulating material can be prevented from losing efficacy at low temperature.
The invention adopts an inductance measurement method to design a rotary position sensor with very simple mechanical and electrical structure, thereby extremely simplifying the requirement on insulating materials; the low-temperature-resistant sensor with enough mechanical strength is manufactured by adopting a low-temperature-resistant insulating material through an enameled wire, an insulating sleeve and a paint dipping process. The coil in the sensor is driven by the alternating current signal to generate voltage, the voltage signal is processed by the signal processing circuit to obtain an output signal which changes along with the angle of the coil of the sensor, and then the angle of the sensor is calculated by the output signal. The coil in the sensor is driven by the alternating voltage signal to generate current, the current signal is processed by the signal processing circuit to obtain an output signal which changes along with the angle of the coil of the sensor, and then the angle of the sensor is calculated by the output signal. Clark conversion is performed on the output signal of the signal processing circuit to obtain a composite vector. The sensor angle is obtained by calculating the angle of the resultant vector.
The motor position sensor method and the motor position sensor device can measure the inductance change of the rotating equipment in a low-temperature environment at different positions, so that the angle position of the rotating equipment is calculated according to the inductance value, and the expensive aerospace sensor is avoided. The sensor provided by the invention can be used in a gas environment and can also work by being soaked in low-temperature liquid. In addition, due to the heat resistance of the insulating material polyimide, the sensor can be applied to high temperature exceeding 200 ℃, so that the temperature coverage range of the sensor is expanded to 269 ℃ below zero and 300 ℃ above zero of the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a state diagram of the present invention when the inductance of the B-phase stator coil is at its maximum;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a state where the inductance of the stator coil of the B phase is minimized in the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of electrical connections using current form inputs in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the current signal output by an AC current generator when the current form input is used in the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the voltage signals in the three coils when input in the form of current in the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the output voltage signal of the sensor signal processing circuit when input in the form of current in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a graph of electrical connections using voltage form inputs in the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a structural view of the present invention when a symmetrical two-tooth rotor is employed;
FIG. 11 is a structural view when a single-tooth eccentric rotor is employed in the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a structural view when a single-tooth eccentric rotor and a stator in which the teeth of the stator are unevenly distributed are used in the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a structural view of a hole or slot in the rotor for locating the center of gravity of the rotor on the axis of rotation when a single-tooth eccentric rotor is used in the present invention;
in the figure:
1. rotor 2, stator 3, pivot
11. Rotor teeth 12, 13, 14
21. Stator teeth 22, 23, 24, stator teeth
25. Stator tooth 26, stator tooth
31. Coil 32, coil 33, coil 34, coil
35. Coil 36 and coil
41. Yoke 42, yoke 43, yoke 44, yoke
45. Yoke 46, yoke
51. Conductive line 52, conductive line 53, and conductive line
54. Insulating hose 55, insulating hose 56, insulating hose
A. Set of coils consisting of coil 31 and coil 34
B. Set of coils consisting of coil 32 and coil 35
C. Set of coils consisting of coil 33 and coil 36
37. Coil 38, coil 39, coil 40, coil
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. Well-known structures or functions may not be described in detail in the following embodiments in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the details. Approximating language, as used herein in the following examples, may be applied to identify quantitative representations that could permissibly vary in number without resulting in a change in the basic function. Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Mechanical structure of sensor
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the sensor includes a rotor 1 and a stator 2. The rotor and the stator are formed by stacking universal silicon steel sheets. Experiments prove that the magnetic conductivity of the universal silicon steel sheet at low temperature of liquid nitrogen meets the requirements. The rotating shaft 3 is made of cylindrical general steel and can resist low temperature. When the electric motor works, the rotating shaft 3 is fixed on a motor shaft and rotates along with the motor. The stator is fixed on the motor shell and is kept static. There is a certain gap between them to avoid mutual contact when the rotor rotates. The rotor and the stator are made of magnetic conductive materials. The rotor has 4 teeth (i.e., rotor teeth 11 to 14) and the stator has 6 teeth (i.e., stator teeth 21 to 26), and the teeth of the stator are connected by yokes (41 to 46). Each tooth of the stator is wound with a coil (31 to 36), wherein 31 and 34 are a group and defined as phase A; 32 and 35 are in one group, defined as phase B; 33 and 36 are in one group and defined as phase C. The two coils in each group are connected in series, magnetic fields in the same direction are generated after the two coils are electrified, and magnetic lines of force of the magnetic fields pass through the rotor and then reach opposite teeth from one tooth of the stator, and form a loop through the yoke. When a certain pair of rotor teeth and a certain pair of stator teeth are completely aligned, the coil inductance on the pair of stator teeth is maximum; the inductance is minimal when completely misaligned; the inductance is also between the maximum and minimum when in between and varies continuously.
The 3 sets of coils are connected to the outside of the sensor by leads 51, 52 and 53, respectively. The coil wires are sheathed in insulating hoses 54, 55, 56. In order to increase the mechanical strength, the insulating hose is inserted from a position as close as possible to the stator to the end of the coil wire. The insulating hose is woven by low-temperature resistant material fibers, and the most suitable material at present is a glass fiber-polyimide composite pipe. The hose has excellent low-temperature performance.
The wire adopted by the coil is a low-temperature resistant enameled wire, namely the used insulating varnish keeps good mechanical and electrical properties at low temperature. The most suitable low temperature resistant insulating material at present is polyimide. The insulating material has excellent performance at low temperature and normal temperature and low price.
In addition, after the stator is manufactured and before a coil is wound, the surface of the stator is coated with a low-temperature-resistant insulating layer by a paint dipping method, so that the edge of the stator is prevented from damaging the enameled wire. The lacquer used is an organic solution of a low-temperature insulating material. The most suitable low temperature resistant insulating material at present is polyimide. The thickness of the insulating layer can be adjusted by the concentration of the organic solution and the number of soaking times.
After the coil is wound and the conducting wire is sleeved with the insulating hose, the whole stator needs to be dipped with the low-temperature insulating material solution again, so that the stator, the coil and the hose are packaged into a whole, and the mechanical strength is improved.
Working principle of sensor
The inductance of the stator of the B phase is the largest when the stator of the B phase is opposite to a certain rotor tooth as shown in FIG. 3, and the inductance of the stator of the B phase is the smallest when the rotor rotates clockwise by a mechanical angle α equal to 45 degrees as shown in FIG. 4.
The variation can be made to follow a sinusoidal law by the design of the rotor and stator tooth profiles and clearances. Since the above sensor structure is symmetrical every 90 degrees of mechanical angle, every 90 degrees of mechanical angle is defined as 360 degrees of electrical angle, that is, the electrical angle θ is:
θ＝p·α
where p is the number of rotor poles, i.e. the number of cycles of change in inductance of the stator per phase per revolution of the rotor. The clockwise rotation of the rotor is positive.
Defining the angle of the stator of phase B on the left side of the upper diagram relative to a certain rotor tooth to be 0 degree, the inductance of phase B can be expressed as:
wherein L is0Is the minimum inductance, L1Is the maximum inductance.
The inductance change of the A-phase coil and the C-phase coil has the same rule as that of the B-phase coil, and only the difference is 120 electrical degrees, namely:
(III) sensor measuring device
The sensor is used in cooperation with an electronic circuit to form an angle measuring device. Two circuit forms can be matched with the sensor for use to realize angle measurement. The first is in the form of current, namely alternating current is input into the sensor, and the voltage signal in the sensor coil is measured by the signal processing circuit; the second is a voltage form, i.e. an alternating voltage is input in the sensor, and the signal processing circuit measures the current signal in the sensor coil.
The circuit structure in the form of a current is shown in fig. 5. Three of the sensor stator coils are connected in series so that the currents therein are equal.
The working principle of the circuit adopting the current form is as follows: the ac current generator generates a high frequency sinusoidal current carrier signal of 10 to 20kHz which is applied simultaneously to the three stator coils of the sensor. The high-frequency carrier signal may be a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, or the like. This current signal generates different voltages in the three coils. According to circuit principles, the envelope magnitudes of the three voltages are proportional to the coil inductance, which depends on the sensor rotor angle. The circuit uses three amplifiers to measure the voltages of the three coils, respectively. Subsequently, the signal processing circuit processes the measured voltage signal, high-frequency carrier waves and direct-current components in the voltage signal are filtered, and the remaining low-frequency signal contains sensor rotor angle information and is output from the sensor signal processing circuit as an output signal. The output signal can be processed by subsequent electronic circuits or computers to calculate the rotor angle.
The current signal output by the ac current generator is shown in fig. 6.
If the sensor rotor is rotating at a constant speed, the voltages in the three coils are as shown in fig. 7. Wherein the abscissa is the angle of the rotor when rotating at a constant speed.
The output voltage signal of the sensor signal processing circuit is shown in fig. 8.
From the above sensor configuration, it can be seen that the inductance of each stator coil has 4 cycles of magnitude change per rotation (360 degrees) of the rotor, as shown in the above graph. The inductance of the stator coil is maximized when a certain rotor tooth is aligned with a certain stator tooth. Since the current is constant, the voltage generated at this coil is maximum, and therefore the signal output by the signal processing circuit is highest.
If the inductance of the stator coil changes along with the cosine law of the rotor electrical angle, the output signal of the signal processing circuit is also a cosine signal. If these three signals are subjected to Clark transformation as space vectors, a composite vector can be obtained. The angle of this resultant vector is equal to the electrical angle of the rotor as the sensor. The Clark transform is a well-known general technique in electronics and physics, and is briefly described below.
Assuming that the sensor signal processing circuit output signal is represented by three voltages ua, ub, uc, the Clark transformation converts these three voltages into two voltages in a rectangular coordinate system (α):
uαand uβThe included angle is the electrical angle of the sensor:
if the change rule of the inductance of the stator coil along with the electrical angle of the rotor is not strict cosine, the signal output by the signal processing circuit is not cosine. However, as long as the signals are stable and have no serious distortion, the three signals can still be subjected to Clark transformation as space vectors, and a composite vector can also be obtained. At this time, the angle of the resultant vector and the electrical angle of the sensor rotor are not completely equal, but still maintain a one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, the compensation curves at different angles can be measured by adopting a standard encoder, and the true value of the angle of the sensor can be obtained through compensation operation.
The circuit structure in the form of a voltage is shown in fig. 9. Three stator coils of the sensor are respectively connected with three current measuring resistors in series, and then three branch circuits are connected in parallel.
The circuit working principle adopting the voltage form is as follows: the alternating voltage generator generates a high frequency voltage carrier signal of 10 to 20kHz, which is applied simultaneously to the three stator coils of the sensor. The high-frequency carrier signal may be a sine wave, a square wave, a triangular wave, or the like. This voltage signal generates different currents in the three coils. According to circuit principles, the magnitude of the three currents is inversely proportional to the coil inductance, which depends on the sensor rotor angle. The circuit uses three sampling resistors to measure the current in the three coils, respectively. Subsequently, the signal processing circuit processes the measured current signal, high-frequency carrier waves and direct-current components in the current signal are filtered, and the remaining low-frequency signal contains sensor rotor angle information and is output from the sensor signal processing circuit as an output signal. The output signal can be processed by subsequent electronic circuits or computers to calculate the rotor angle.
According to the sensor structure, the inductance of each stator coil has 4 size change cycles per rotation (360 degrees) of the rotor. The inductance of the stator coil is maximized when a certain rotor tooth is aligned with a certain stator tooth. Since the voltage is constant, the current flowing through the coil is minimum at this time, and the signal output from the signal processing circuit is minimum.
Because the amplitude of the current measuring signal of the voltage form measuring circuit is in inverse proportion to the inductance of the stator coil, even if the change rule of the inductance of the stator coil of the sensor along with the electrical angle of the rotor is in strict cosine relation, the output signal of the signal processing circuit is not cosine. However, as is known from the circuit principle, the output signal has a wave shape that changes depending on the sensor angle. At this time, Clark transformation can be performed on the three signals as space vectors, thereby obtaining a composite vector. The angle of this resultant vector is not exactly equal to the electrical angle of the sensor rotor, but still maintains a one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, the true value of the sensor angle can be obtained by the compensation operation.
Without violating the basic principle and structural features of the present invention, the present invention can be adjusted in the aspects of rotor configuration, stator configuration, rotor teeth number and tooth profile, etc., to meet the actual requirements, without being limited to the specific situations given in the above embodiments.
For example:
the number of teeth of the rotor may be any number other than 4, and at least 1. It may be any other shape that causes the air gap to change during rotation, instead of a tooth shape. Or the outer surface of the rotor can be circular, and the structure of changing the magnetic field path during rotation is arranged inside the rotor through a slot or a hole.
The number of teeth of the stator may be any number other than 6, and is at least 1. The teeth of the stator may also be unevenly distributed.
As described above, the method of the present patent is a method in which the inductance of the stator coil is changed by the rotation of the rotor.
In addition, the following are some specific examples of the application of stators and rotors of other configurations to the present invention, and reference may be made to the following by those skilled in the art:
by varying the number of rotor and stator teeth, the measurement range of the sensor can be varied. For example, keeping the stator configuration unchanged in the above example, the rotor is instead a symmetrical two tooth configuration, and the sensors can measure positions within each 180 degree range. The structure is shown in fig. 10.
Alternatively, a single-tooth rotor (eccentric rotor) may be used as shown in fig. 11, and the coils may be redistributed in such a manner that 31 and 32 are connected in series to form a set, thereby forming an inductor. When current flows, the magnetic lines of force pass from the tooth at 31 through the rotor to the tooth at 32 and finally form a loop through the yoke between 31 and 32. Similarly, coils 33 and 34 are connected in series, and coils 35 and 36 are connected in series to form an inductor. With this configuration, any position within 360 degrees of a circle can be measured.
Further, a stator structure in which the stator teeth are unevenly distributed may be employed as shown in fig. 12. The coil connection relation is as follows: that is, 37 and 38 are connected in series to form an inductor, and when current flows, magnetic lines of force pass through the rotor from the tooth at 37 to the tooth at 38, and finally pass through the yoke between 37 and 38 to form a loop. Similarly, coils 39 and 40 are connected in series to form an inductor. This configuration also allows measurement of any position in 360 degrees of a turn, but only requires two stator coil drive and measurement circuits.
In both of the above-described structures, a slot or a hole may be cut in the wider side in order to position the center of gravity of the rotor on the rotation axis. Since the magnetic force lines do not pass through this position, there is no influence on the inductance. As shown in fig. 13.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the scope of the application of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
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