CN110954242A - A Distributed Liquid Temperature Sensor Based on Fiber Grating - Google Patents
A Distributed Liquid Temperature Sensor Based on Fiber Grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110954242A CN110954242A CN201911280132.3A CN201911280132A CN110954242A CN 110954242 A CN110954242 A CN 110954242A CN 201911280132 A CN201911280132 A CN 201911280132A CN 110954242 A CN110954242 A CN 110954242A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于光纤光栅的分布式液体温度传感器，包括测温光纤光栅、不锈钢毛细管、基体、热缩管，光纤跳线，光纤光栅去掉涂覆层后穿过弯曲的毛细管，并与毛细钢管轴线不平行，在不锈钢毛细管两端分别通过胶黏剂将光纤固定在基体的中心区域，胶黏剂覆盖的光纤区域无涂覆层，通过上述封装，确保光纤光栅能够抵御外部拉力，以及毛细管由于热胀冷缩带来的光纤伸长量，隔绝热应力的影响。本发明基于光纤光栅的分布式液体温度传感器，在结构上具有结构简单、安装牢靠、便于装卸的特点；在功能上具有测量范围广、测量精度高且可分布式测量的特点；并且能够抗电磁干扰、耐化学腐蚀。
The invention discloses a distributed liquid temperature sensor based on fiber grating, comprising a temperature measuring fiber grating, a stainless steel capillary, a substrate, a heat shrinkable tube, an optical fiber jumper, and the fiber grating passes through the curved capillary after removing the coating layer, and is connected with the The axes of the capillary steel pipe are not parallel, and the optical fibers are fixed in the central area of the substrate by adhesives at both ends of the stainless steel capillary. The optical fiber area covered by the adhesive has no coating layer. The capillary is insulated from the influence of thermal stress due to the elongation of the fiber caused by thermal expansion and cold contraction. The distributed liquid temperature sensor based on the optical fiber grating of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable installation and easy loading and unloading; it has the characteristics of wide measurement range, high measurement accuracy and distributed measurement in function; and can resist electromagnetic Interference and chemical resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature detection, and particularly relates to a distributed liquid temperature sensor based on fiber bragg gratings.
Background
The temperature is a physical quantity for representing the cold and hot degree of an object, is one of seven basic physical quantities in international system of units, and has close relation with human life, industrial and agricultural production and scientific research. Currently, the major temperature meters, such as thermocouples, thermal resistors, radiation thermometers, etc., are well-established in the art, but they can only be used in traditional situations and cannot meet the requirements of many fields. The Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensing technology developed in recent years is an advanced sensing technology, large-capacity and distributed dynamic detection of various physical quantities is realized through a wavelength modulation mechanism, the defects of long-term stability, durability, safety, distribution range and the like of the current electrical temperature sensing system are effectively overcome, optical signals can be transmitted in a non-contact mode, and the technical requirements of high precision, high reliability, intrinsic safety, corrosion resistance, long distance, distributed type, long-term, real-time and online temperature detection can be met.
Because the sensitivity coefficient of the fiber grating to the temperature is very low and the cross-sensitive effect of the temperature and the strain exists, the fiber grating is difficult to be directly applied to the temperature measurement of the actual engineering. Chinese patent CN106525277B adopts pure optical fiber and grating section coupled in capillary with matched inner diameter, a certain gap is left between the end of the grating area and the end face of the optical fiber, and the end face of the grating area and the end face of the optical fiber are ground to a proper angle, the inclined planes are parallel, the interval is a set value, two sections of optical fibers are fixed at the two ends of the capillary by welding or gluing to form a temperature sensing head, and a gap is left between the grating and the optical fiber to ensure that the grating is in a free state and ensure that the grating sensing process is not affected by temperature-stress cross sensitivity. Chinese patent CN108204866A fixes the height-determining standard at the preset position of the concave portion in the middle of the package core, and fixes the optical fiber to the package core, so that the grating is exposed in the middle of the package core and is in a loose state, thereby reducing the influence caused by cross sensitivity, but when the sensors are connected in series, the mutual pulling force can still be transmitted to the grating through the elastic deformation of the surface coating of the grating.
In summary, the existing temperature sensor has one or more of the disadvantages of complicated operation, high optical loss, inability to completely isolate external forces from the grating, and accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a distributed liquid temperature sensor based on fiber bragg gratings, which has the characteristics of simple structure, firm installation and convenient assembly and disassembly; the function has the characteristics of wide measurement range, high measurement precision and distributed measurement; and can resist electromagnetic interference and chemical corrosion.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the distributed liquid temperature sensor based on the fiber bragg grating comprises a temperature measurement fiber bragg grating, a stainless steel capillary tube, a base body, a heat-shrinkable tube and a fiber jumper, wherein after the temperature measurement fiber bragg grating penetrates through the bent stainless steel capillary tube, the two ends of the capillary tube are fixed in the central area of the base body through adhesives respectively, an optical fiber sleeve and the heat-shrinkable tubes of different models are used for sheathing naked optical fiber parts layer by layer, the tail end of the optical fiber is connected with the fiber jumper, the optical fiber parts in the heat-shrinkable tubes are placed along a channel of an outer protective shell, and the outer protective shell and an outer attached hook are fixed through bolts and nuts; the optical fiber jumper is fixedly connected with the pipeline joint through the flange plate. The optical fiber interfaces are reserved at the two ends of the sensors, and the sensors can be connected in series in a fusion welding mode. Through the packaging, the sensor is prevented from being influenced by external acting force and the cross effect of expansion with heat and contraction with cold on temperature measurement, the thermo-optic effect temperature measurement of the fiber bragg grating is independently utilized, and the stability of the sensor is ensured.
According to the technical scheme, all parts of the temperature-measuring fiber grating, which are positioned in the stainless steel capillary, are not coated. The grating is transmitted to the optical fiber through elastic deformation of the optical fiber coating layer after the optical fiber is fixed by the adhesive, the influence of external tension on temperature measurement is avoided, and the grating part is located in the central area of the stainless steel capillary tube, so that the uniformity and stability of a heat transfer process are ensured.
According to the technical scheme, the temperature measurement fiber grating removes part of the coating layer, and the length of the part without the coating layer is larger than the length of the grating region and the length of the stainless steel capillary tube (the grating is positioned in the middle of the part without the coating layer). After the isolation packaging is finished, stress caused by external stretching is transmitted to the grating part to cause cross sensitivity, and the grating part is positioned in the central area of the stainless steel capillary tube to ensure the uniformity and stability of the heat transfer process.
According to the technical scheme, the stainless steel capillary tube has radian, and the fiber bragg grating packaged in the capillary tube is not parallel to the axis of the capillary tube.
According to the technical scheme, the stainless steel capillary is made of 304 chromium-nickel stainless steel, and the inner diameter range of the stainless steel capillary is about 1-2 mm. Ensuring that the corrosion resistance of the alloy can be kept to a certain degree when the alloy is immersed in liquid. The inner diameter of the stainless steel capillary is too small to be sleeved by the optical fiber easily; the sealing performance and stability after the glue dispensing can be reduced if the size of the optical fiber grating area is too large, and the length of the optical fiber grating area is longer than that of the optical fiber grating area, so that the grating area is completely sealed in the optical fiber grating area. The stainless steel capillary has certain radian, so that the optical fiber packaged in the stainless steel capillary also keeps certain radian, the grating part can keep a free state, the optical fiber grating can resist the optical fiber elongation of the stainless steel capillary caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the influence of thermal stress is isolated, and the linear relation between the optical fiber wavelength and the temperature is greatly ensured.
According to the technical scheme, the protective shell comprises an outer protective shell, a base body is embedded into the outer protective shell, the outer protective shell is in a U-shaped two-petal type, threaded holes are symmetrically formed in the edge of the outer shell, the two-petal outer protective shell is fixed together through bolts and nuts, and a rectangular channel is formed in the U-shaped outer protective shell along the center line of the U-shaped outer protective shell. The optical fiber routing device is used for packaged optical fiber routing. And a small section of channel matched with the base body is arranged in the middle of the channel of one valve outer protective shell, and the depth of the channel is deeper than that of the two ends, so that the base body can be conveniently embedded, and the fixing effect is achieved.
According to the technical scheme, the protective shell further comprises an externally attached hook, the edge of the externally attached hook is symmetrically punched, the distance between the externally attached hook and the hole of the outer protective shell is correspondingly equal, and the externally attached hook is fixed on the outer protective shell through bolts and nuts. The whole sensor is convenient to fix in the liquid, so that the optical fiber grating part can be stably placed in the liquid for a long time, and the temperature of the liquid can be stably and effectively measured. The adhesive is epoxy resin two-liquid mixed hardened adhesive. The grating is characterized by having certain corrosion resistance, being arranged at two ends and the whole body of a stainless steel capillary tube, being sealed, reserving a part of bare fiber (without a coating) at the tube opening, fixing the exposed part on a matrix by using a proper amount of adhesive, and isolating the stress possibly transmitted from the outside by fixing two ends of the grating.
According to the technical scheme, the sensors are connected in series in a fusion mode, the optical fiber wire jumpers at the two ends of each sensor are used for stripping the optical fiber parts, and the other sensors are fused together through a fusion splicer, so that distributed multipoint measurement is realized.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the distributed liquid temperature sensor has the characteristics of simple measurement structure, complete isolation of the influence of external acting force and thermal stress of the grating, good long-term stability, chemical corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, easy realization of distributed measurement and application to a liquid environment.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a schematic structural diagram of a distributed liquid temperature sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an outer protective shell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an externally attached hook according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a temperature sensitivity calibration chart in an embodiment of the present invention;
the temperature measurement fiber bragg grating comprises a temperature measurement fiber bragg grating body-1, uncoated bare fibers-2, an adhesive-3, a substrate-4, a fiber jumper-5, a corrosion-resistant heat shrink tube-6, coated optical fibers-7, a stainless steel capillary tube-8, an externally attached hook-9, an upper outer protective shell-10, a lower outer protective shell-11 and a hexagon bolt-12.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a distributed liquid temperature sensor based on fiber bragg gratings is provided, which comprises outer protective shells 10 and 11, an externally attached hook 9, a temperature measurement fiber bragg grating 1, a stainless steel capillary tube 8, a base 4, a corrosion-resistant heat-shrinkable tube 5 and an optical fiber jumper 6. The temperature measurement fiber bragg grating 1 penetrates through a bent stainless steel capillary 8 and is not parallel to the axis of the capillary steel pipe, the temperature measurement fiber bragg grating 1 is fixed in the central area of a base body 4 at two ends of the stainless steel capillary 8 through adhesives 3, the base body 4 is embedded into an outer protective shell, the bare optical fiber parts are sleeved layer by layer through a fiber sleeve and corrosion-resistant heat-shrinkable tubes 6 of different models, the tail ends of the optical fibers are connected with an optical fiber jumper 5 through a welding machine, the optical fiber parts in the corrosion-resistant heat-shrinkable tubes 6 are protected to be placed along a channel of the outer protective shell, and the outer protective shells 10 and 11 and an external hook 9 are fixed through hexagonal bolts 12 and nuts; an optical fiber jumper 5 is arranged outside the protective shell and fixedly connected with the pipeline joint through a flange plate, and signal transmission optical fibers are subjected to protective input and output through a square hole in the center of the protective shell. When through above-mentioned encapsulation, guarantee that the sensor does not receive the cross effect that external acting force and expend with heat and contract with cold brought to the temperature measurement, utilize fiber grating's thermo-optic effect temperature measurement alone, guarantee the stability of sensor.
As shown in fig. 1, a part of the coating layer is removed from the temperature measuring fiber grating 1, and the length of the uncoated part should be longer than the length of the gate region and the length of the stainless steel capillary tube (the grating is located in the middle of the uncoated part) to isolate cross sensitivity caused by the stress transmitted to the grating part due to external stretching after the packaging is completed. The length of the uncoated part in the temperature measurement fiber grating 1 should be longer than the length of the grating region and the length of the stainless steel capillary tube 8 (the grating is located in the middle of the uncoated part), so as to reduce cross sensitivity caused by stress transmission to the grating part due to external stretching after packaging is completed.
The stainless steel capillary 8 shown in fig. 1 is made of 304 cr-ni stainless steel, and is guaranteed to maintain a certain corrosion resistance when immersed in a liquid. The inner diameter of the stainless steel capillary is 1.5mm, and the stainless steel capillary is too small to be sleeved with an optical fiber easily; the sealing performance and stability after the glue dispensing can be reduced if the size of the optical fiber grating area is too large, and the length of the optical fiber grating area is longer than that of the optical fiber grating area, so that the grating area is completely sealed in the optical fiber grating area. The stainless steel capillary 8 has a certain radian, and the fiber grating encapsulated in the capillary 8 is not parallel to the axis of the capillary 8, so that when the capillary 8 expands with heat and contracts with cold, the grating part can keep a free state, the fiber grating can resist the fiber elongation of the stainless steel capillary caused by expansion with heat and contraction with cold, the influence of thermal stress is isolated, and the linear relation between the fiber wavelength and the temperature is greatly ensured.
The outer protective casings 10 and 11 are in a U-shaped two-petal type, 16 threaded holes are symmetrically drilled along the edge of the outer casing, and the two-petal outer protective casings are fixed together through hexagon bolts 12 and nuts. The outer protective casings 10, 11 have rectangular channels along their central lines for the routing of the packaged optical fibers. And a small section of channel matched with the base body 4 is arranged in the middle of the channel of one petal outer protective shell 11, and the depth of the channel is deeper than that of the two ends, so that the base body 4 can be conveniently embedded, and the fixing effect is achieved. The edge of the external hook 9 is symmetrically perforated with 4 holes, the distance between the holes is correspondingly equal to the distance between the holes of the outer protective shells 10 and 11, and the external hook is fixed on the outer protective shell 11 through a hexagon bolt 12 and a nut. The whole sensor is convenient to fix in the liquid, so that the optical fiber grating part can be stably placed in the liquid for a long time, and the temperature of the liquid can be stably and effectively measured.
The corrosion-resistant heat-shrinkable tube 6 is made of radiation cross-linked special fluorine-containing polymer PVDF with the shrinkage ratio of 2:1, has excellent chemical corrosion resistance and solvent resistance, is good in insulativity, ensures the sealing property of the optical fiber, isolates liquid, and prevents the optical fiber from being corroded due to direct contact of the corrosive liquid. The adhesive 3 is epoxy resin two-liquid mixed hardened glue, has certain corrosion resistance, is applied to two ends and the whole body of the stainless steel capillary 8, is sealed, leaves a part of bare fiber (without a coating layer) at the pipe orifice, fixes the exposed part on the substrate 4 by using a proper amount of the adhesive 3, and isolates stress possibly transmitted from the outside by fixing two ends of the grating.
The sensors are connected in series in a fusion mode, optical fiber wire jumpers at two ends of each sensor are used for stripping optical fiber parts, and the other sensors are fused together through a fusion splicer, so that distributed multipoint measurement is achieved.
As shown in FIG. 4, the linear fit coefficient for the sensor is 9.475 pm/deg.C, with a maximum thermometric offset of 0.1 deg.C.
In conclusion, the invention has the characteristics of simple measurement structure, complete isolation of the external acting force of the grating, good long-term stability, chemical corrosion resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, easy realization of distributed measurement and application to liquid environment.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The distributed liquid temperature sensor based on the fiber bragg grating is characterized by comprising a temperature measurement fiber bragg grating, a stainless steel capillary tube, a base body, a heat shrink tube and a fiber jumper wire, wherein after the temperature measurement fiber bragg grating penetrates through the bent capillary tube, the two ends of the stainless steel capillary tube are respectively fixed in the central area of the base body, a bare optical fiber part is sleeved layer by an optical fiber sleeve and the heat shrink tubes of different models, the tail end of the optical fiber is connected with the fiber jumper wire, and the fiber jumper wire is fixedly connected with a pipeline joint.
2. The fiber grating-based distributed liquid temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein all portions of the temperature fiber grating located inside the capillary tube are uncoated.
3. The fiber grating-based distributed liquid temperature sensor according to claim 1, wherein the temperature measuring fiber grating removes a part of the coating layer, and the length of the part without the coating layer is larger than the length of the gate region and the length of the capillary tube.
4. The fiber grating-based distributed liquid temperature sensor of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the capillary tube has an arc and the fiber grating encapsulated within the capillary tube is non-parallel to the axis of the capillary tube.
5. The fiber grating-based distributed liquid temperature sensor according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the stainless steel capillary tube is made of 304 Cr-Ni stainless steel, and the inner diameter of the stainless steel capillary tube ranges from about 1 mm to about 2 mm.
6. The distributed liquid temperature sensor based on the fiber bragg grating as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising an outer protective shell, wherein the base body is embedded into the outer protective shell, the outer protective shell is U-shaped and two-piece, threaded holes are symmetrically formed along the edge of the outer protective shell, the two-piece outer protective shell is fixed together through bolts and nuts, and the U-shaped outer protective shell is provided with a rectangular channel along the central line thereof.
7. The distributed liquid temperature sensor based on fiber bragg grating as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising an external hook, wherein the external hook is symmetrically perforated at the edge, the interval of the external hook is equal to the corresponding interval of the holes of the outer protective shell, and the external hook is fixed on the outer protective shell through a bolt and a nut.
8. The distributed liquid temperature sensor based on the fiber bragg grating as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the sensors are connected in series in a fusion mode, the optical fiber patch cords at two ends of each sensor are stripped out of the optical fiber part by using a wire stripper, and the other sensors are fused together by a fusion splicer.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112539855A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-23 | 广东精铟海洋工程股份有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating distributed sensing device for measuring bearing temperature, assembly method thereof and method for measuring bearing |
| CN112556874A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-26 | 广东精铟海洋工程股份有限公司 | Assembly method of fiber bragg grating distributed sensing device for measuring bearing temperature |
| CN112882166A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-06-01 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Temperature measurement optical fiber packaging structure suitable for being embedded in transformer and using method of temperature measurement optical fiber packaging structure |
| CN114018433A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-02-08 | 湖北三江航天红峰控制有限公司 | Testing device and testing method for temperature field in solid propellant solidified square billet |
| CN114323335A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江大学湖州研究院 | Distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system for high-temperature pipeline group |
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| CN112539855A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-03-23 | 广东精铟海洋工程股份有限公司 | Fiber bragg grating distributed sensing device for measuring bearing temperature, assembly method thereof and method for measuring bearing |
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| CN114323335B (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-06-21 | 浙江大学湖州研究院 | Distributed optical fiber temperature measurement system for high-temperature pipeline group |
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