Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a material loading and unloading system for a reactor and a method thereof, aiming at improving the safety of the fuel assembly transfer process at the present stage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a loading and unloading system for a reactor and a method thereof comprise a fixed sleeve arranged on a trolley of a loading and unloading machine, a telescopic gripping apparatus connected with a lifting mechanism, and a ball valve arranged at an opening at the lower end of the fixed sleeve;
the lifting mechanism is arranged on the trolley of the loading and unloading machine and drives the telescopic gripping apparatus to move up and down in the fixed sleeve;
the telescopic gripping apparatus is used for gripping and moving the fuel assembly up and down; the ball valve is used for opening and closing the lower end opening of the fixed sleeve.
Optionally, a camera is further provided; the camera is arranged on the fixed sleeve and used for observing the condition of the inner side of the fixed sleeve.
Optionally, the camera is a radiation-resistant camera.
Optionally, a channel for the fuel assembly to move up and down is arranged on the valve body of the ball valve; and the through hole is communicated and isolated with the hollow cylinder of the fixed sleeve by turning the ball valve.
Optionally, the upper part of the fixed sleeve is also provided with a sealing element in a positioning way; and a lifting part of the lifting mechanism penetrates through the sealing element and then is connected with the telescopic gripping apparatus.
Optionally, a safety interlock is arranged between the telescopic gripping apparatus and the ball valve at the lower end of the fixed sleeve.
Optionally, a position sensing device is arranged on the telescopic gripper.
Optionally, the operations of the mechanical parts such as the telescopic gripper, the ball valve and the anti-radiation camera are controlled by remote control.
A material loading and unloading method for a reactor comprises the following steps:
s10, adjusting the position of the trolley of the loading and unloading machine according to the coordinates of the target fuel assembly to ensure that the fixed sleeve is accurately positioned above the grabbed fuel assembly in the reactor;
s20, the lifting mechanism drives the telescopic gripping apparatus to descend above the fuel assembly, and the telescopic gripping apparatus grips the fuel assembly;
s30, the telescopic gripping apparatus drives the fuel assembly to lift upwards and move to completely enter the fixed sleeve, then the fuel assembly stops moving, and the ball valve at the lower end of the fixed sleeve is closed;
s40, the trolley of the loading and unloading machine drives the fixed sleeve to move, the telescopic gripping apparatus is in a locking state in the moving process, the ball valve is in a closing state, and the fuel assembly is in a sealed accommodating state;
s50, after the trolley of the loading and unloading machine moves to a specified position, the ball valve is opened, the telescopic gripping apparatus drives the fuel assembly to move downwards to the specified position, and the telescopic gripping apparatus releases the fuel assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can realize that the transfer process of the fuel assembly or the spent fuel assembly is sealed and contained, even if the fuel assembly is accidentally dragged and grabbed due to external events such as earthquake and the like, the fuel assembly can be ensured not to fall down to the ground and still be sealed in the fixed sleeve, further serious radioactive release can not be caused, and the invention has high safety.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
With reference to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a reactor loading and unloading system and a method thereof, which aims to improve the safety of the fuel assembly transfer process at the present stage.
Specifically, with reference to fig. 1, the device comprises a fixed sleeve 1 mounted on a trolley 5 of a loading and unloading machine, a telescopic gripping apparatus 2 connected with a lifting mechanism 8, and a ball valve 3 mounted at an opening at the lower end of the fixed sleeve 1;
the lifting mechanism 8 is arranged on the loading and unloading machine trolley 5 and drives the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 to move up and down in the fixed sleeve 1;
the telescopic gripper 2 is used for gripping and moving the fuel assembly 7 up and down; the ball valve 3 is used for opening and closing the lower end opening of the fixed sleeve 1.
The invention can realize that the transfer process of the fuel assembly or the spent fuel assembly is sealed and contained, even if the fuel assembly is accidentally dragged and grabbed due to external events such as earthquake and the like, the fuel assembly can be ensured not to fall down to the ground and still be sealed in the fixed sleeve, further serious radioactive release can not be caused, and the invention has high safety.
In another embodiment, a camera 4 is also provided; the camera 4 is arranged on the fixed sleeve 1 and used for observing the condition of the inner side of the fixed sleeve 1.
Preferably, the camera 4 is arranged at the lower part of the fixed sleeve 1 and at the upper part of the ball valve 3; for observing and monitoring the entry of the gripped fuel assembly 7 into the stationary sleeve 1, and for observing and monitoring the opening and closing of the sealing of the ball valve 3.
Preferably, the camera 4 is a radiation-resistant camera; the camera 4 camera lens is wrapped up by the plumbous collimator, and the plumbous collimator restricts the camera lens field of vision, makes other direction rays shielded, improves camera 4 life under the strong radiation field.
In another embodiment, the valve body of the ball valve 3 is provided with a passage for the fuel assembly 7 to move up and down.
Preferably, the valve body of the ball valve 3 is a spherical structure with a through hole in the middle; the valve body is matched with the inner diameter of the cylinder body of the fixed sleeve in size; through the upset of ball valve 3 realize the perforation with the cavity barrel intercommunication and the wall of fixed sleeve 1, simultaneously the cavity barrel of fixed sleeve 1 provides the direction for flexible gripping apparatus 2 removes, and the structure is simpler, design benefit.
Preferably, the ball valve 3 may be a gate valve or a stop valve or other forms.
In another embodiment, the upper part of the fixed sleeve 1 is also positioned with a sealing member 6; the telescopic device of the lifting mechanism 8 penetrates through the sealing element 6 and then is connected with the telescopic gripper 2; the upper protection and limitation of the fuel assembly 7 contained in the fixed sleeve 1 is achieved by the dynamic sealing of the telescopic device and the sealing element 6.
Preferably, the seal 6 is a silicone rubber sealing gasket construction.
In another embodiment, a safety interlock is arranged between the telescopic gripper 2 and the ball valve 3 at the lower end of the fixed sleeve 1; when the ball valve 3 is in a closed state, the telescopic gripper 2 can only be in a gripping state, and the fuel assembly 7 on the telescopic gripper 2 is prevented from falling.
Preferably, a position sensing device (a position sensor and the like) is arranged on the telescopic gripper 2, and after the telescopic gripper 2 moves upwards or downwards to a set position, the automatic stop action of the telescopic gripper is controlled by a control system.
Preferably, the operations of the telescopic gripper 2, the ball valve 3, the anti-radiation camera and other mechanical parts are controlled remotely.
With reference to fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, the method for loading and unloading the reactor comprises the following steps:
s10, adjusting the position of the trolley 5 of the loading and unloading machine according to the coordinates of the target fuel assembly 7, so that the fixed sleeve 1 is accurately positioned above the fuel assembly 7 which is grabbed in the reactor 9;
s20, the lifting mechanism 8 drives the telescopic gripper 2 to descend above the fuel assembly 7, and the telescopic gripper 2 grips the fuel assembly 7;
s30, the telescopic gripper 2 drives the fuel assembly 7 to lift upwards and stop moving until the fuel assembly completely enters the fixed sleeve 1, and the ball valve 3 at the lower end of the fixed sleeve 1 is closed;
s40, the trolley 5 of the loading and unloading machine drives the fixed sleeve 1 to move, the telescopic gripper 2 is in a locking state in the moving process, the ball valve 3 is in a closing state, and the fuel assembly 7 is in a sealed accommodating state;
s50, after the trolley 5 of the loading and unloading machine moves to a designated position, the ball valve 3 is opened, the telescopic gripper 2 drives the fuel assembly 7 to move downwards to the designated position, and the telescopic gripper 2 releases the fuel assembly 7.
The method for loading and unloading the reactor material of the present invention includes three parts of grasping, moving, and releasing.
Wherein, in the grabbing state, the following steps are specifically included:
1) the fixed sleeve 1 is accurately positioned above a fuel assembly 7 which is grabbed in a reactor 9 through the movement of a trolley 5 of the loading and unloading machine, and the positioning precision of the fixed sleeve 1 is generally better than 1 mm;
2) opening the ball valve 3, driving the telescopic gripper 2 to descend to a position above the fuel assembly 7 by the lifting mechanism 8, and finishing the gripping of the fuel assembly 7 by the telescopic gripper 2;
3) the lifting mechanism 8 drives the telescopic gripper 2 to ascend until the fuel assembly 7 completely enters the fixed sleeve 1;
4) after the camera 4 observes and confirms that the fuel assembly 7 is lifted to the appointed position, the ball valve 3 is closed;
5) after the camera 4 observes and confirms that the ball valve 3 is in a sealed closed state, the moving action of the loading and unloading machine can be carried out.
In the moving state, the trolley 5 of the loading and unloading machine moves accurately, so that the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 is accurately positioned above the fuel assembly 7 transferring or storing device 10; a safety interlocking control program is arranged between the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 and the ball valve 3, the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 cannot move when the ball valve 3 is in a closed state, the ball valve 3 must be in a closed state and the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 must be in a locking state when the loading and unloading machine cart and the loading and unloading machine trolley 5 move.
In the release state, the following steps are specifically included:
1) after the cart and the trolley of the loading and unloading machine move to the designated positions, the ball valve 3 is opened, the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 drives the fuel assembly 7 to move downwards to the designated positions, and the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 releases the fuel assembly 7;
2) opening the ball valve 3, driving the telescopic gripper 2 to descend to a release position of the fuel assembly 7 by the lifting mechanism 8, and driving the telescopic gripper 2 to complete the release of the fuel assembly 7 by the lifting mechanism 8;
3) the lifting mechanism 8 drives the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 to rise to completely enter the fixed sleeve 1 and then closes the ball valve 3;
4) after the camera 4 observes and confirms that the ball valve 3 is in a sealed closed state, the loading and unloading machine can be used for carrying out next moving action.
In the using process, the ball valve 3 is arranged at the lower part of the fixed sleeve 1, in the process of grabbing the fuel assembly 7, the ball valve 3 is opened, the lifting mechanism 8 drives the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 to descend above the fuel assembly 7 to grab the fuel assembly 7, the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 drives the fuel assembly 7 to lift upwards and move to completely enter the fixed sleeve 1, then the action is stopped, and the ball valve 3 at the lower end of the fixed sleeve 1 is closed; in the transferring process of the fuel assembly 7, the cart and the trolley of the loading and unloading machine move to drive the telescopic sleeve to move, the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 is in a locking state, and the ball valve 3 is in a closing state in the moving process of the cart and the trolley; in the process of releasing the fuel assembly 7, after the cart and the trolley of the loading and unloading machine move to the designated positions, the ball valve 3 is opened, the telescopic gripping apparatus 2 drives the fuel assembly 7 to descend downwards to the designated position, and the gripping apparatus is released. The invention has the advantages of redundant safety, simple structure, convenient operation, economy, practicality, flexible use, reasonable design, compact structure and good market prospect.
It should be noted that the detailed description of the invention is not included in the prior art, or can be directly obtained from the market, and the detailed connection mode can be widely applied in the field or daily life without creative efforts, and the detailed description is not repeated here.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.