CN111021401B

CN111021401B - Extendable grouting mooring foundation and its construction method

Info

Publication number: CN111021401B
Application number: CN201911096442.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘洁群; 唐超; 高玲玲; 肖连军; 项响琴
Original assignee: Hefei University
Current assignee: Hefei University
Priority date: 2019-11-11
Filing date: 2019-11-11
Publication date: 2021-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 2039-11-11
Also published as: CN111021401A

Abstract

The invention discloses an extensible grouting mooring foundation and a construction method thereof, comprising a grouting body, an upper steel frame and a lower steel frame. The upper steel frame includes a plurality of first steel bars, a plurality of steel pipes, The first fixing ring, the annular end, the circular ring pipe, and the connecting pipe, the circular ring pipe and the plurality of steel pipes form an internal intercommunication grouting channel, and one side of the plurality of steel pipes is provided with a plurality of pipes distributed in sequence from top to bottom. Grouting hole, the lower steel frame includes a plurality of second steel bars, a second fixing ring and an anchor head; after the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are assembled together, they can be stretched back and retracted in the opposite direction, and the grouting body Wrapped on the outside of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame when the back is stretched to the maximum distance. When the invention penetrates into the seabed, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame contract with each other, and the friction with the seabed soil body is small; when grouting, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are stretched to the maximum distance, the pile grows, and the slurry wrapping the steel frame is equivalent to Cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure with strong integrity.

Description

Extensible grouting type anchoring foundation and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of anchoring of deepwater net cages, in particular to an extensible grouting type anchoring foundation and a construction method thereof.

Background

The anchoring system is the foundation of the net cage in water, and the performance of the anchoring system directly influences the safety of the net cage. Under the severe weather condition, the cases that the net cage is damaged by wind waves and is sunk due to the failure of the anchoring system are not enough. China is attacked by a plurality of superstrong typhoons in coastal years, and seawater net cages within the influence range of typhoon paths are seriously damaged, so that the seawater net cage culture industry is in a state of eating by the weather to a certain extent. For example, the deepwater net cage aquaculture industry in Hainan province suffers devastating attack and loss in the ultra-strong typhoon every year, wherein most of the disaster-stricken deepwater net cages are blown away and damaged due to the damage of the anchoring foundation. Although the manufacturing cost of the anchoring foundation is not large in proportion to the total price of the whole net cage system, the whole net cage system is completely covered after the anchoring foundation fails, and the anchoring foundation has an important function of controlling the overall stability of the net cage.

On the other hand, a torpedo anchor is commonly used in ocean engineering. A torpedo anchor is one type of power driven penetration anchor, typically about 15m in length and weighing up to 130 tonnes. The shape of the anchor is similar to torpedo, so the name is torpedo anchor. The torpedo anchor can be divided into two types, namely a tail wing type and a tailless wing type, and the anchor body with the tail wing type is generally provided with 4 tail fins. The torpedo anchor is cylindrical in shape, hollow inside, can be filled with high-density materials such as concrete, waste metal and the like to increase the dead weight and reduce the center of gravity of the anchor so as to maintain the stability of the torpedo anchor, and the lower end part of the torpedo anchor is conical so as to be conveniently penetrated into a seabed soil body. The torpedo anchor is fast and convenient to install, does not need any external force during installation, only needs to be vertically released at a position which is high enough away from the seabed so that the torpedo anchor falls down by the gravity of the torpedo anchor, and penetrates through the seabed to a certain depth by the huge inertia force caused by high acceleration when the torpedo anchor collides with the seabed. The release height is usually such that a final collision velocity of 17m/s is reached at a distance of 30m from the seabed, a penetration depth of about 7m, and above 30m/s at 150m, a penetration depth of about 20 m. Therefore, the torpedo anchor has the characteristics of simple structure, reusability, low manufacturing cost and convenience in installation, and is very suitable for the offshore construction environment. If the advantages can be utilized, the torpedo anchor is transformed into a construction tool, and the progress and development of the marine anchoring foundation construction technology are certainly promoted.

The problems concerned by the present invention are: in soft seabed soil bodies such as silt, silt clay and the like, the novel extensible grouting anchoring foundation of the deepwater net cage based on torpedo anchor construction is developed by utilizing the construction convenience of the torpedo anchor, and has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in construction, low manufacturing cost and large uplift bearing capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides an extensible grouting type anchoring foundation and a construction method thereof.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

an extensible grouted mooring foundation, characterized in that: the grouting device comprises a grouting body, an upper steel frame and a lower steel frame which are matched with each other, wherein the upper steel frame is of a cylindrical structure formed by a plurality of first steel bars and a plurality of steel pipes in a surrounding mode, the outer sides of the lower ends of the first steel bars and the plurality of steel pipes are fixedly connected with a first fixing ring, the upper ends of the first steel bars are fixedly connected with annular ends, the outer walls of the annular ends are fixedly connected with mooring rings and anchor chains, the upper ends of the plurality of steel pipes are fixedly connected with annular tubes, the annular tubes are fixedly connected to the lower portions of the annular ends, the interior of each annular tube is hollow, one side of each annular tube is fixedly connected with a connecting tube communicated with the interior of the annular tube, and the annular tubes and the; the lower ends of the steel pipes are closed, and one side of each steel pipe, which faces the center of the upper steel frame, is provided with a plurality of grouting holes which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;

the lower steel frame is a cylindrical structure formed by a plurality of second steel bars in a surrounding mode, a second fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer side of the upper end of each second steel bar, and an anchor head is fixedly connected to the lower end of each second steel bar; gaps between adjacent second steel bars of the lower steel frame can be just correspondingly embedded and assembled into the first steel bars and the steel pipes of the upper steel frame, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame can perform backward stretching and opposite contraction movement after being matched and assembled with each other, and when the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are stretched backward to a maximum distance, the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are mutually abutted; the grouting body is a slurry hardened plate-connected body, and wraps the outer portions of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame which are stretched back to the maximum distance.

The extensible grouting type anchoring foundation is characterized in that: the first steel bars and the steel pipes are distributed alternately at equal intervals.

The extensible grouting type anchoring foundation is characterized in that: the two mooring rings are oppositely distributed on the outer wall of the annular end head.

The extensible grouting type anchoring foundation is characterized in that: the second steel bars are distributed at equal intervals.

The extensible grouting type anchoring foundation is characterized in that: the distance from the inner side edges of the first steel bars and the steel pipes to the central axis of the upper steel frame is equal to the distance from the inner side edges of the second steel bars to the central axis of the lower steel frame.

The extensible grouting type anchoring foundation is characterized in that: after the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are mutually matched and assembled, each first steel bar of the upper steel frame, the steel pipe and each second steel bar of the lower steel frame are distributed at equal intervals and alternately, and after the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are assembled, adjacent steel bars and steel pipes are not contacted with each other.

A construction method of an extensible grouting type anchoring foundation is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) assembling an upper steel frame, a lower steel frame and a torpedo anchor: the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are assembled in a matched mode, so that a gap between adjacent second steel bars of the lower steel frame can be embedded into and assembled with each first steel bar and each steel pipe of the upper steel frame correspondingly, after the first steel bar and the second steel bar are assembled, the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are wrapped on the peripheries of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, and when the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame stretch backwards to the maximum distance, the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are mutually abutted; the end parts of the anchor chains are symmetrically moored on two mooring rings on the annular end heads by adopting anchor chain dividing, grouting pipes are bound on one side of the anchor chains and are fixedly connected with the connecting pipes; after the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are oppositely contracted to the minimum length, the anchor body of the fishmine anchor without the tail wing penetrates through and is sleeved into the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, so that the lower end of the anchor body is horizontal and is pressed on the top surface of the anchor head, the fishmine anchor is hereinafter referred to as a fishmine anchor, and the construction rope is connected to a suspender at the upper end of the fishmine anchor; the torpedo anchor is bound and connected with the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame in a simple mode capable of being subsequently detached, and the torpedo anchor is stably lifted on the basis of a construction rope to be vertically suspended above the seabed;

(2) releasing the construction rope: lowering the anchor chain for a certain length to enable the anchor chain to be in a loose state and to minimize the influence on the quick sinking of the torpedo anchor, and then releasing the construction rope to enable the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame to quickly sink and penetrate into the seabed under the self-weight action of the torpedo anchor;

(3) grouting and removing the fish anchor: connecting the grouting pipe with a grouting system, and starting the grouting system to enable the grout to gush out through a plurality of grouting holes in a plurality of steel pipes; simultaneously, a construction rope is stretched upwards, the connection between the fish and thunder anchor and the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame is released and loses efficacy in the stretching process, the anchor body is gradually separated from the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, and finally the fish and thunder anchor is pulled up and removed, and the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are left in the seabed soil body; when the torpedo anchor is lifted away from the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, the volume of grout injected by the grouting system is not less than the volume of the hollow part in the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame;

(4) grouting and stretching the upper steel frame: grouting is continued, and meanwhile, the anchor chain is tensioned upwards, so that the upper steel frame moves upwards relative to the lower steel frame, namely the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame perform backward stretching movement until the upper steel frame moves upwards until the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are mutually abutted, namely the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are tensioned backwards to the maximum distance, and the tensioning of the anchor chain is stopped; the grout gradually fills the inner parts of the lower steel frame and the upper steel frame and spreads to the periphery, the grouting is stopped when the volume of the injected grout reaches a design value, the grout is hardened and hardened to form grouting body and wrap the lower steel frame and the upper steel frame, and the lower steel frame, the upper steel frame and the grouting body are combined into a whole to form the anchoring foundation.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

(1) the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are constructed and penetrated into the seabed based on the wingless torpedo anchor, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame can be penetrated into the deeper seabed by the larger self weight of the torpedo anchor, the installation is convenient, the construction time is short, and the invention is very suitable for the offshore construction environment.

(2) When the seabed is penetrated, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame contract oppositely, the length is small, the friction with the seabed soil body is small, and the seabed is convenient to penetrate; during grouting, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame stretch back to the maximum distance, which is equivalent to that the length of the pile is large, the subsequent friction with the seabed soil body is large, and the uplift bearing capacity of the anchoring foundation is improved.

(3) The grouting pipe is used for grouting the interiors of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, the grout fills the interiors of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame and gradually spreads outwards, and finally the grout wraps the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, so that the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is equivalent to a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure and is strong in integrity; after the slurry is hardened, the slurry is integrated with the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame and is tightly contacted with the surrounding soil body, and the dead weight of the grouting body, the friction force with the surrounding soil body, the dead weight of the overlying seabed soil body and the like form the uplift bearing capacity of the anchoring foundation, so that the uplift bearing capacity is larger.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the upper and lower steel frames of the present invention folded after being retracted in opposite directions.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the upper and lower steel frames of the present invention in a configuration stretched in a back-to-back direction.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper and lower steel frames of the present invention shown extended back to the maximum distance.

FIG. 4 is a first schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of an upper steel frame according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of the upper steel frame of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a grouting pipe in the upper steel frame according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the upper steel frame of the present invention at the first fixing ring.

FIG. 8 is a first schematic view of a three-dimensional structure of a lower steel frame according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a second schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the lower steel frame of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the lower steel frame of the present invention at the second fixing ring.

Fig. 11 is a schematic three-dimensional structure view of the torpedo anchor for construction according to the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 11.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the assembly of the upper steel frame, the lower steel frame and the fish-torpedo anchor during construction.

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled upper steel frame and torpedo anchor at the first retaining ring during construction.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the second retaining ring after the lower steel frame and torpedo anchor are assembled during construction.

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the upper and lower steel frames of the present invention suspended above the seabed prior to construction.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the upper and lower steel frames of the present invention being driven into the seabed by means of torpedo anchors.

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the attitude of the upper and lower steel frames after the torpedo anchors are removed.

Fig. 19 is a schematic view of the structure when the upper steel frame is stretched to the maximum distance based on the anchor chain.

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of the foundation of the anchoring system formed after grouting based on the grouting pipe.

Description of reference numerals: 1. an anchor head; 2-1, a first fixing ring; 2-2, a second fixing ring; 3. a plurality of steel pipes; 4-1, a plurality of first steel bars; 4-2, a plurality of second steel bars; 5. a circular ring tube; 6. a connecting pipe; 7. an annular tip; 8. a mooring ring; 9. a plurality of grouting holes; 10. a grouting pipe; 11. an anchor body; 12. a tip; 13. a boom; 14. a filler; 15. an anchor chain; 16. constructing a rope; 17. grouting; A. a sea bed surface.

Detailed Description

Referring to the attached drawings, an extensible grouting type anchoring foundation comprises a grouting body 17, an upper steel frame and a lower steel frame which are matched with each other, wherein the upper steel frame is a cylindrical structure which is formed by enclosing a plurality of first steel bars 4-1 and a plurality of steel pipes 3 (generally not less than two), the outer sides of the lower ends of the plurality of first steel bars 4-1 and the plurality of steel pipes 3 are fixedly connected with first fixing rings 2-1, the upper ends of the plurality of first steel bars 4-1 are fixedly connected with annular heads 7, the outer walls of the annular heads 7 are fixedly connected with mooring rings 8 and anchor chains 15, the upper ends of the plurality of steel pipes 3 are fixedly connected with annular pipes 5, the annular pipes 5 are fixedly connected to the lower parts of the annular heads 7, the annular pipes 5 are hollow, one sides of the annular pipes 5 are fixedly connected with connecting pipes 6 communicated with the interiors of the annular pipes, and the annular pipes 5 and; the lower ends of the steel pipes 3 are closed, and one side of each steel pipe 3 facing the center of the upper steel frame is provided with a plurality of grouting holes 9 which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;

the lower steel frame is a cylindrical structure formed by a plurality of second steel bars 4-2 in a surrounding mode, the outer sides of the upper ends of the second steel bars 4-2 are fixedly connected with second fixing rings 2-2, and the lower ends of the second steel bars 4-2 are fixedly connected with anchor heads 1; gaps between adjacent second steel bars of the lower steel frame can be just correspondingly embedded and assembled with the first steel bars and the steel pipes of the upper steel frame, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame can perform backward stretching and opposite contraction movement after being matched and assembled with each other, and when the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are stretched backward to the maximum distance, the first fixing ring 2-1 and the second fixing ring 2-2 are mutually abutted; the grouting body is a slurry hardened plate structure body, and wraps the outer portions of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame which are stretched to the maximum distance in the back direction.

The above-mentioned terms of orientation such as "upper", "lower", "outside", etc. are determined based on the attitude of the lifted anchoring base at the time of construction. During construction, the upper and lower steel frames are suspended above the seabed and are in a plumb state, as shown in fig. 17-19. In this posture, the specific direction of each directional word is determined, and directional words mentioned elsewhere in the specification are also estimated according to this posture. The above-described orientations or positional relationships are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are for convenience of description only, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or components must have a particular orientation, configuration and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the invention, a plurality of first steel bars 4-1 and a plurality of steel pipes 3 are distributed alternately at equal intervals.

Two mooring rings 8 are oppositely arranged on the outer wall of the annular head 7.

A plurality of second steel bars 4-2 are distributed at equal intervals.

The distance from the inner side edges of the first steel bars 4-1 and the steel pipes 3 to the central axis of the upper steel frame is equal to the distance from the inner side edges of the second steel bars 4-2 to the central axis of the lower steel frame.

After the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are matched with each other and assembled, each first steel bar and each second steel bar of the upper steel frame and each steel pipe and each second steel bar of the lower steel frame are distributed at equal intervals and alternately, and after the steel frames are assembled, adjacent steel bars and adjacent steel pipes are not in mutual contact.

The anchor head 1 is conical in shape with its upper surface horizontal.

Fig. 1 shows a case where the upper and lower steel frames are contracted to a minimum distance in opposite directions, fig. 2 shows a case where the upper and lower steel frames are extended in a back direction, and fig. 3 shows a case where the upper and lower steel frames are extended in a back direction to a maximum distance.

The anchoring foundation of the invention is constructed by using a torpedo anchor; the torpedo anchor comprises an anchor body 11, wherein the interior of the anchor body 11 is hollow, the lower end of the anchor body 11 is horizontal, an end head 12 is arranged at the upper end of the anchor body 11, the outer diameter of the end head 12 is larger than that of the anchor body 11, and a hanging rod 13 is arranged inside the end head 12; the outer diameter of anchor body 11 is less than the inside hollow diameter of upper portion steelframe and lower part steelframe, and the outer diameter of end 12 is greater than the outer diameter of upper portion steelframe and lower part steelframe. The structure of the fish-stone anchor is shown in fig. 11 and 12.

The inner diameter and the outer diameter of the annular end head 7 and the end head 12 are respectively equal.

The interior of the anchor body 11 is hollow, the filler 14 is filled in the hollow part, and the filler 14 can be made of high-density materials such as concrete, waste metal and the like, so that the self weight of the torpedo anchor is increased, the gravity center of the torpedo anchor is reduced, and the stability and the verticality of the torpedo anchor in the process of penetrating into a seabed are maintained.

The length of the anchor body 11 is larger than that of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, so that the bottom of the anchor body 11 can contact and press the upper end surface of the anchor head 1 when the fish-fish anchor is assembled with the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame in a contraction state. During construction, the fish anchor is assembled with the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame as shown in fig. 13, and the cross section is shown in fig. 14 and 15.

A construction method of an extensible grouting type anchoring foundation specifically comprises the following steps:

(1) assembling an upper steel frame, a lower steel frame and a torpedo anchor: the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are assembled in a matched mode, so that a gap between adjacent second steel bars of the lower steel frame can be embedded into and assembled with each first steel bar and each steel pipe of the upper steel frame correspondingly, after the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring are assembled, the first fixing ring 2-1 and the second fixing ring 2-2 are wrapped on the peripheries of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, and when the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame stretch backwards to the maximum distance, the first fixing ring 2-1 and the second fixing ring 2-2 are mutually abutted; anchoring the end parts of the anchor chains 15 on two anchoring rings 8 on the annular end heads 7 symmetrically by adopting anchor chain division, binding the grouting pipes 10 on one side of the anchor chains 15, and fixedly connecting the grouting pipes 10 with the connecting pipes 6; after the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are oppositely contracted to the minimum length, the anchor body 11 of the fishmine anchor without the tail wing penetrates through and is sleeved into the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, so that the lower end of the anchor body 11 is horizontal and is pressed on the top surface of the anchor head 1, hereinafter referred to as the fishmine anchor for short, and the construction rope 16 is connected to a suspender 13 at the upper end of the tormine anchor; the torpedo anchor is tied to the upper and lower steel frames in a simple manner that can be subsequently detached, and is suspended vertically above the seabed by a stable lifting of the torpedo anchor based on the construction rope 16, as shown in fig. 16.

(2) Releasing the construction rope: the anchor chain 15 is lowered for a certain length to enable the anchor chain to be in a loose state and the influence on the rapid sinking of the torpedo anchor is reduced to the minimum, and then the construction rope 16 is released to enable the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame to rapidly sink and penetrate into the seabed under the self-weight action of the torpedo anchor, as shown in fig. 17.

Because the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame contract oppositely to the minimum distance, the external surface area is minimum, the friction with the seabed soil body is small, and the seabed soil body is convenient to penetrate into the seabed. The upper portion steelframe and lower part steelframe are based on wingless torpedo anchor construction and are penetrated into the seabed, and the great dead weight of torpedo anchor can be with upper portion steelframe and lower part steelframe penetration to the deeper seabed, and it is convenient to install, and the engineering time is short, especially adapted marine construction environment.

For sludge and soft seabed soil, the surface soil of the seabed has low strength and large thickness, and the anchoring foundation needs to be buried deeper and reach a soil layer with relatively high strength to have larger anchoring force. The construction is carried out by adopting the fishing and thunder anchor with larger weight, and the aim can be achieved.

(3) Grouting and removing the fish anchor: connecting the grouting pipe 10 with a grouting system, and starting the grouting system to enable the grout to gush out through a plurality of grouting holes 9 on a plurality of steel pipes 3; simultaneously, the construction rope 16 is tensioned upwards, the connection between the torpedo anchor and the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame is released and failed in the tensioning process, the anchor body 11 is gradually separated from the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, and finally the torpedo anchor is pulled up and removed, and the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are left in the seabed soil body as shown in fig. 18; when the torpedo anchor is lifted away from the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, the volume of grout injected by the grouting system is not less than the volume of the hollow part in the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame.

Grouting is carried out while the torpedo anchor is removed, so that the volume of a gap generated when the torpedo anchor moves upwards is ensured to be filled with grouting in time, and the phenomenon that the gap is filled with seabed soil to reduce the overall strength of a subsequent grouting plate knot body is prevented.

Because the fish and thunder anchor is surrounded by the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, and a gap exists between the outer wall of the fish and thunder anchor and the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, the friction force borne by the fish and thunder anchor is small, the load required for lifting the fish and thunder anchor is small, and offshore construction is facilitated (if the fish and thunder anchor is surrounded by seabed soil, the lifting of the fish and thunder anchor is very difficult).

(4) Grouting and stretching the upper steel frame: continuing grouting, and simultaneously tensioning the anchor chain 15 upwards to enable the upper steel frame to move upwards relative to the lower steel frame, namely enabling the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame to perform backward stretching movement until the upper steel frame moves upwards until the first fixing ring 2-1 and the second fixing ring 2-2 are mutually abutted, namely when the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame stretch backwards to the maximum distance, stopping tensioning the anchor chain 15, as shown in fig. 19; the grout gradually fills the inner parts of the lower steel frame and the upper steel frame and spreads to the periphery, when the volume of the injected grout reaches a design value, the grouting is stopped, the grout hardens and hardens to form a grouting body 17 and wrap the lower steel frame and the upper steel frame, and the lower steel frame, the upper steel frame and the grouting body 17 are combined into a whole to form an anchoring foundation, as shown in fig. 20.

The grouting pipe 10 is generally a hollow, flexible and seamless plastic pipe, can bear a certain grouting pressure, is low in cost, and does not need to be recycled after construction. The grout pipe 10 should have sufficient strength so that breakage and breakage do not occur during construction. Because the grouting body has certain pressure, the grouting body 17 can compress and extrude seabed soil with lower strength.

Because the lower end of the lower steel frame is provided with the anchor head 1 with larger weight, the lower steel frame is filled with grouting, and the friction force between the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame is smaller, when the upper steel frame is lifted by the tensile force of the anchor chain 15, the lower steel frame cannot move upwards along with the upper steel frame, the upper steel frame gradually moves upwards under the condition that the lower steel frame is basically not moved, until the upper steel frame moves upwards until the first fixing ring 2-1 and the second fixing ring 2-2 of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame mutually abut.

During grouting, the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame stretch back to the maximum distance, the length is large, the subsequent friction force with a seabed soil body is large, and the uplift bearing capacity of the anchoring foundation is improved; the inside of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame is grouted through the grouting pipes 10, grout fills the inside of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame and gradually spreads outwards, and finally the grout wraps the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, so that the cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure is equivalent to a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, and the integrity is strong. After hardening and hardening, the grout is integrated with the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame and is tightly contacted with the surrounding soil body, and the dead weight of the grouting body 17, the friction force with the surrounding soil body, the dead weight of the overlying seabed soil body and the like form the uplift bearing capacity of the anchoring foundation, so that the uplift bearing capacity is larger.

The solidification and hardening of the slurry needs a certain time, and the strength recovery of the seabed soil body damaged by disturbance above the anchoring foundation also needs a certain time. Therefore, the anchoring foundation can be put into use after the slurry is fully solidified and hardened and the seabed soil strength is recovered to meet the requirement.

And finally, the slurry gradually wraps the inner part and the outer part of the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame to form an irregular geometric body. Such irregular geometry is difficult to graphically represent, so that the symmetrical slip in fig. 20 is not actually present, and is merely a simple schematic of the slip, and does not represent an actual situation.

The invention refers to the fact that the distance between the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame is extended during construction. After the construction is finished, the distance between the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame is fixed and cannot be extended any more.

The slurry is hardened and hardened to form a whole with the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame, the slurry is tightly contacted with the surrounding soil body, the dead weight of the grouting body, the friction force with the surrounding soil body, the dead weight of the overlying seabed soil body and the like form the uplift bearing capacity of the anchoring foundation, and the uplift bearing capacity is larger. The construction of the invention does not need people to be sent for launching operation, the construction is simple and convenient, the offshore operation time is short, and the comprehensive cost is low.

The grouting body 17 is hardened cement mortar, cement paste, concrete paste, steel fiber concrete paste or chemical adhesive. The concrete components of the grout used for grouting can be selected according to the strength requirement of the anchoring foundation, the construction convenience, the construction cost and other factors.

The grouting method of the grouting system is static pressure grouting, pulse grouting, high-pressure jet grouting, electric chemical grouting, compaction grouting, sleeve valve pipe static pressure grouting or directional grouting. The proper grouting method can be selected according to the factors of construction resistance, construction cost and the like of the anchoring foundation.

The figures only show the condition of partial shape and partial connection mode of the anchoring foundation, according to the proposed idea, the shape of each component and the connection mode of each part can be changed to form other related extensible grouting type anchoring foundations, which all belong to the equivalent modification and change of the present invention, and the description is omitted here.

The drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating the embodiments, certain features of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted; the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar parts; the terms describing positional relationships in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various other equivalent modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the basic technical concept of the invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field.

Claims

1. An extensible grouted mooring foundation, characterized in that: the grouting device comprises a grouting body, an upper steel frame and a lower steel frame which are matched with each other, wherein the upper steel frame is of a cylindrical structure formed by a plurality of first steel bars and a plurality of steel pipes in a surrounding mode, the outer sides of the lower ends of the first steel bars and the plurality of steel pipes are fixedly connected with a first fixing ring, the upper ends of the first steel bars are fixedly connected with annular ends, the outer walls of the annular ends are fixedly connected with mooring rings and anchor chains, the upper ends of the plurality of steel pipes are fixedly connected with annular tubes, the annular tubes are fixedly connected to the lower portions of the annular ends, the interior of each annular tube is hollow, one side of each annular tube is fixedly connected with a connecting tube communicated with the interior of the annular tube, and the annular tubes and the; the lower ends of the steel pipes are closed, and one side of each steel pipe, which faces the center of the upper steel frame, is provided with a plurality of grouting holes which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom;

2. The extensible grouted anchor foundation of claim 1, wherein: the first steel bars and the steel pipes are distributed alternately at equal intervals.

3. The extensible grouted anchor foundation of claim 1, wherein: the two mooring rings are oppositely distributed on the outer wall of the annular end head.

4. The extensible grouted anchor foundation of claim 1, wherein: the second steel bars are distributed at equal intervals.

5. An extensible grouted anchor foundation according to claim 1, wherein: the distance from the inner side edges of the first steel bars and the steel pipes to the central axis of the upper steel frame is equal to the distance from the inner side edges of the second steel bars to the central axis of the lower steel frame.

6. An extensible grouted anchor foundation according to claim 1, wherein: after the upper steel frame and the lower steel frame are mutually matched and assembled, all the first steel bars of the upper steel frame, the steel pipes and the second steel bars of the lower steel frame are distributed at equal intervals and alternately, and after the assembly, all the adjacent steel bars and the steel pipes are not contacted with each other.

7. A method of constructing an extensible grouting-type mooring foundation according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps: