CN111098519B - Silk laying method for increasing laying stroke of concave cylindrical surface - Google Patents
Silk laying method for increasing laying stroke of concave cylindrical surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN111098519B CN111098519B CN201911262116.1A CN201911262116A CN111098519B CN 111098519 B CN111098519 B CN 111098519B CN 201911262116 A CN201911262116 A CN 201911262116A CN 111098519 B CN111098519 B CN 111098519B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种增大凹柱面铺放行程的铺丝方法，通过倾角施压有效改变升降轴的行程，扩大设备的加工范围。本发明对于半柱形凹曲面、圆柱面、椭柱面、竖直面、斜平面等曲面采用倾角施压铺放成型，控制压辊在曲面的上施压方向，铺丝头倾角的加入能有效减小升降轴的行程，扩大升降轴的工作余量，增大设备的加工范围，从而在有限的升降轴行程范围内实现更大曲面行程范围的铺丝。在特定的设备加工范围内，采用倾角施压的方式能够最大程度的扩大铺放面积。
The invention discloses a wire laying method for increasing the laying stroke of a concave cylindrical surface, which can effectively change the stroke of a lifting shaft by applying pressure at an inclination angle and expand the processing range of the equipment. The present invention adopts inclination pressure and laying for semi-cylindrical concave curved surfaces, cylindrical surfaces, elliptical surfaces, vertical surfaces, inclined planes and other curved surfaces, and controls the pressing direction of the pressure roller on the curved surface. It can effectively reduce the stroke of the lifting shaft, expand the working allowance of the lifting shaft, and increase the processing range of the equipment, so as to realize the laying of the wire with a larger surface stroke range within the limited stroke range of the lifting shaft. Within a specific equipment processing range, the method of applying pressure at an inclination angle can maximize the laying area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic wire laying and forming, and relates to a wire laying method for increasing laying stroke of a concave cylindrical surface.
Background
The automatic wire-laying forming technology has been widely applied to the automatic forming process of advanced composite material components with complex shapes due to the characteristics of high quality, high efficiency and strong adaptability. At present, the automatic wire laying and forming technology becomes a standard matching manufacturing technology of large aerospace aircrafts and is widely applied to foreign large aircraft manufacturing companies. In view of the sensitivity of the technology in the field of completion of aerospace and the like and the blockade of foreign technologies, China is still at the initial stage of autonomous research and development in this respect, and only relevant research works are carried out in a few scientific research institutes.
When the machine tool is traditionally laid, the pitching shaft and the rotating shaft of the machine tool can be automatically adjusted according to the curvature of the curved surface, so that the thread laying head vertically acts on the surface. Due to the complex wire laying shape, the problem of limited processing stroke caused by equipment limitation often exists in the automatic wire laying forming process of various curved surfaces such as semi-cylindrical concave curved surfaces, cylindrical surfaces, elliptic cylindrical surfaces, vertical surfaces, inclined planes and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a wire laying method for increasing the laying stroke of a concave cylindrical surface, which effectively changes the stroke of a lifting shaft by applying pressure at an inclination angle and enlarges the processing range of equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a fiber laying method for increasing laying stroke of a concave cylindrical surface comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a track according to a curved surface shape;
step 2, converting the track into a mechanical language, controlling the equipment to operate, and setting a pressing inclination angle of the thread laying head to be a positive value during operation;
and 4, carrying out autoclave curing.
Further, the pressing inclination angle is controlled by the following formula:
wherein, Delta H is the safety margin of the lifting shaft of the equipment, and Delta H belongs to (0, Z)max－Zmin)，ZmaxTo the upper limit of the stroke of the lifting shaft, ZminThe lower limit of the stroke is (x, y, z) the coordinates of the pressing point of the compression roller for spreading the silk, and L the length of the silk spreading head.
Further, Δ θ is calculated by:
when Z ismaxIf Δ H is larger than z + L · cos θ, Δ θ becomes smaller, and if f' (Δ H) is 0, Δ H and further Δ θ are obtained.
When Z ismaxIf Δ H is greater than z + L · cos θ, Δ θ is increased, and Δ H is made equal to 0 to obtain Δ θ.
Further, the pressing inclination angle is 8 °.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the inclination angle to press, lay and form the curved surfaces such as the semi-cylindrical concave curved surface, the cylindrical surface, the elliptic cylindrical surface, the vertical surface, the inclined plane and the like, controls the pressing direction of the pressing roller on the curved surface, and effectively reduces the stroke of the lifting shaft by adding the inclination angle of the fiber laying head, enlarges the working allowance of the lifting shaft, increases the processing range of the equipment, thereby realizing the fiber laying with larger curved surface stroke range in the limited stroke range of the lifting shaft. In a specific equipment processing range, the laying area can be enlarged to the maximum extent by adopting a mode of pressing by an inclination angle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a simulation diagram of a curved surface laying wire, in which (a) shows a case of applying a vertical pressure when a circular curved surface P point is laid, and (b) shows a state of a laying head when a pressing inclination angle is changed to Δ θ in order to enlarge a laying area, the pressing inclination angle is positive counterclockwise and negative clockwise.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of positive and negative pressing inclination angles on the lifting shaft.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the effect of different pressing inclination angles on the stroke of the lifting shaft.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the influence of different pressing inclination angles on the stroke of the lifting shaft at different pressing points.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the effect of a fixed pressing inclination angle on the lifting shaft at different pressing points.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a silk laying method for increasing laying stroke of a concave cylindrical surface, which carries out silk laying on a curved surface and comprises the following steps:
step 1, designing a track according to the shape of a curved surface
And 2, converting the track into a mechanical language and controlling the equipment to operate. In the step, the curved surface needing to be laid is laid and molded by applying pressure at an inclination angle. Wherein the curved surface includes but is not limited to the following: semi-cylindrical concave curved surface, cylindrical surface, elliptic cylindrical surface, vertical surface and inclined plane.
Fig. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of conventional laying in a cylindrical curved surface, wherein an arrow is a laying position, for simple calculation, the tail end of a lifting shaft is located at a circle center position, and the tail end is connected with a thread laying head. Theta is the included angle between the wire laying head and the negative direction of the z axis when the point is vertically pressed and laid, and is the supplementary angle of the included angle between the wire laying head and the lifting axis under the condition of vertical pressing. Fig. 1(b) shows a laying posture when the laying head provided by the present invention is inclined at a certain angle Δ θ when laying is performed at the same position, where Δ θ is a deviation angle based on a standard with a vertical downward pressing line as a base line.
In FIG. 1(b), the length of the line segment BC is dBCThe length of the line segment AB is dABThe height AC of the end of the machine tool lifting shaft is expressed as dAC。
dBC＝R-Rcosθ (1)
dAB＝dcos(θ+Δθ) (2)
dAC＝R-Rcosθ+dcos(θ+Δθ) (3)
Where d is the total length of the laying head, R is the radius of the cylinder, and θ refers to the circumferential position on the cylinder of the current laying point. Theta is 0 vertically downward, positive to the right and negative to the left. The comparison shows that the height of the tail end of the lifting shaft can be reduced by R-dAC。
When the p point is laid, the shaft end is lifted and lowered at the coordinate origin by the method of vertical pressing as shown in fig. 1 (a). When the laying is carried out at point p by the method of applying pressure at an inclination angle shown in fig. 1(b), the position of the end of the lifting shaft is a. The same laying position can effectively reduce the stroke of the lifting shaft. Therefore, when the device is laid at the same laying height, the method of applying pressure by an inclination angle can effectively reduce the rising height (stroke) of the lifting shaft, expand the processing range and realize the maximum laying area in the range which can be reached by the device. This increases the amount of lift shaft clearance and ensures that the device does not exceed the travel range during operation of the device.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of the lift shaft stroke at angles of 0/3/-3/8/-8 degrees (we define that Δ θ rotates around point P on the ring counterclockwise to positive, clockwise to negative, and coincides with 0 in the radial direction), illustrating that the lift shaft stroke can be reduced at the same laying height while maintaining the pressure application inclination angle at a positive value. Fig. 2 is a graph focusing on analyzing the influence of positive and negative changes of an inclination angle on the equipment stroke, and the invention shows that when the pressing inclination angle delta theta is a positive value, the lifting shaft rises due to the change of the thread laying head, and the stroke of the lifting shaft is favorably reduced and the processing range is expanded when the thread laying head is laid at the same height, so that the allowance of the lifting shaft can be increased, and the equipment is ensured not to exceed the stroke range when the equipment runs.
Fig. 3-5 continue to explore the impact of tilt angle changes on equipment travel based on tilt angle being positive.
Further exploring the influence on the stroke of the lifting shaft when the pressing inclination angle is positive, as shown in fig. 3, when the pressing inclination angles are 0/2/4/6/8 degrees, respectively, a change curve of the influence on the stroke of the lifting shaft is obtained by laying the semicircular curved surfaces at different positions, which indicates that when the pressing inclination angle Δ θ is a positive value, the larger the inclination angle is, the smaller the stroke of the lifting shaft is at a certain laying height. In the same laying position, the larger the pressing inclination angle is, the larger the stroke amount of the lifting shaft is reduced. When the pressing inclination angle is 8 degrees, the height of the lifting shaft at the pressing point of 50 degrees is equivalent to the height of the pressing point at the bottommost part, and the effect of controlling the maximum stroke of the lifting shaft is obvious.
Based on the general condition of the fiber laying equipment, the influence condition of the inclination angle of 0-8 degrees on the lifting stroke is only analyzed in the embodiment, the method is not limited in the inclination angle range of 0-8 degrees, and the method can be expanded to a larger inclination angle range only by calculating boundary conditions through a formula as long as the equipment allows.
In the same laying position, the larger the pressing inclination angle is, the larger the stroke amount of the lifting shaft is reduced. When the pressing inclination angle is 8 degrees, the height of the lifting shaft at the pressing point of 50 degrees is equivalent to the height of the pressing point at the bottommost part, and the effect of controlling the maximum stroke of the lifting shaft is obvious.
FIG. 4 is a graph of increasing elevation of the lift shaft at different positions of the lay down. When the laying positions are 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 degrees in the circumferential direction of the cylinder, respectively, it can be found that the decrease of the stroke of the lifting shaft is larger when the inclination angle pressing is adopted as the laying position is increased. Taking the pressing inclination angle of 8 ° as an example, the relationship between the stroke of the lifting shaft and the position of the pressing point is shown in fig. 5, and the amount of reduction of the lifting shaft gradually decreases as the laying position increases. The reason for this is that when the pressing inclination angle is 8 °, the reduction of the lifting shaft is:
Δd＝[R-Rcosθ+dcos(θ+8)]-[R-Rcosθ+dcos(θ+0)] (4)
Δd＝-0.14dsinθ-0.01dcosθ (5)
since the sine value plays a dominant role, the amplitude of the height change of the lifting shaft is gradually reduced with the increase of the laying position.
Under the condition of a fixed pressing inclination angle, the stroke reduction amount of the lifting shaft is larger along with the gradual rise of the laying position relative to the position of the lowest point of the mold.
Obviously, the addition of the dip angle of the fiber spreading head can effectively reduce the stroke of the lifting shaft, enlarge the working allowance of the lifting shaft and increase the processing range of equipment. Therefore, the laying area can be enlarged to the maximum extent by adopting the inclination angle pressing mode within the processing range of a specific device. Under the condition that the arm length of the wire laying head is determined, the larger the inclination angle is, the larger the stroke allowance of the lifting shaft is. The inclination angle also depends on the situation of the equipment, and is limited mainly by the following two aspects: firstly, whether a mechanical structure of the equipment allows a larger inclination angle needs to ensure that a wire feeding mechanism does not interfere with the surface of a tool; and secondly, whether the rigidity of the device allows a larger inclination angle, the pressure applied by the laid wires sometimes reaches 1000N or more, the larger the inclination angle is, the larger the lateral torque in the track direction is, and larger loads are brought to a mechanical structure and a rotating shaft.
In order to improve the safety on the basis of applying pressure by adopting an inclination angle, the upper limit of delta theta is calculated according to the following method, and the safety allowance of an equipment lifting shaft is set to be delta H, and delta H epsilon (0, Z)max－Zmin) The upper limit of the stroke of the lifting shaft is ZmaxThe lower limit of the stroke is ZminAssuming that the coordinates of the pressing point of the pressing roller for spreading the yarns in fig. 1(b) are (x, y, z), wherein the y axis is perpendicular to the x and z axes, and the length of the yarn spreading head is L, the following formula is given:
L·cos(θ+Δθ)+z＝Zmax-ΔH
the following can be obtained:
when Z ismaxIf Δ H is larger than z + L · cos θ, Δ θ becomes smaller, and if f' (Δ H) is 0, Δ H and further Δ θ are obtained.
When Z ismaxIf Δ H is greater than z + L · cos θ, Δ θ is increased, and Δ H is made equal to 0 to obtain Δ θ.
And 3, laying the prepreg tows (raw materials) on the surface of the curved surface.
And 4, carrying out autoclave curing.
According to the process, the addition or change of the inclination angle can effectively reduce the stroke of the lifting shaft, the processing range of the equipment is enlarged, and the processing range is larger when the inclination angle is larger. Conversely, the pressing inclination angle is reduced as much as possible to reduce the mechanical load of the apparatus and the load of the rotary shaft motor while ensuring the processing stroke.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A fiber laying method for increasing laying stroke of a concave cylindrical surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, designing a track according to a curved surface shape;
step 2, converting the track into a mechanical language, controlling the equipment to operate, and setting a pressing inclination angle of the thread laying head to be a positive value during operation;
the pressing inclination angle is controlled by the following formula:
wherein, Delta H is the safety margin of the lifting shaft of the equipment, Delta H
（0，Zmax－Zmin），ZmaxTo the upper limit of the stroke of the lifting shaft, ZminThe lower limit of the stroke is (x, y, z) the coordinates of the pressing point of the compression roller for spreading the silk, and L is the length of the silk spreading head;
step 3, laying the raw material on the surface of the curved surface through a wire laying head;
and 4, carrying out autoclave curing.
2. A method of laying a wire with an increased laying stroke of a concave cylinder according to claim 1,
calculated by the following method:
when in use
When it is, then
When the size of the pipe is increased, the pipe is enlarged,
become smaller by
To obtain
And then get
；
When in use
When it is, then
When the size of the pipe is increased, the pipe is enlarged,
increase, order
=0, to
。
3. A method of laying wire with an increased laying stroke of a concave cylinder according to claim 1, wherein: the pressing inclination angle is 8 degrees.
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| CN201911262116.1A CN111098519B (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Silk laying method for increasing laying stroke of concave cylindrical surface |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911262116.1A CN111098519B (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Silk laying method for increasing laying stroke of concave cylindrical surface |
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| CN111098519A CN111098519A (en) | 2020-05-05 |
| CN111098519B true CN111098519B (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004109672A (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Drive transmission apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPS62271728A (en) * | 1986-05-20 | 1987-11-26 | Toto Ltd | Frp molding equipment |
| US7341086B2 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2008-03-11 | The Boeing Company | Automated fabric layup system and method |
| US8932423B2 (en) * | 2008-04-17 | 2015-01-13 | The Boeing Company | Method for producing contoured composite structures and structures produced thereby |
| CN105643955B (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2017-12-22 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of carbon fibre composite space optics minute surface high accuracy clone method |
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| JP2004109672A (en) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Drive transmission apparatus |
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