CN111174454B - Ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration plant - Google Patents
Ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN111174454B CN111174454B CN201910846371.4A CN201910846371A CN111174454B CN 111174454 B CN111174454 B CN 111174454B CN 201910846371 A CN201910846371 A CN 201910846371A CN 111174454 B CN111174454 B CN 111174454B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
- F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
- F25B43/003—Filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large refrigeration equipment which comprises a high temperature unit, a low temperature unit and a cooling tower 3, wherein the high temperature unit comprises a high temperature screw compressor 1, a high temperature oil separator 2, a water-cooled condenser 4, a high temperature liquid storage tank 5, an economizer 6, a condensation evaporator 7 and the like, and the low temperature unit comprises a low temperature screw compressor 33, a water-cooled cooler 35, a low temperature oil separator 36, a low temperature evaporator 7, a low temperature heat regenerator 34, a low temperature stage expansion container 37 and the like, and is remotely controlled by a PLC electric cabinet 61. The invention provides an ultralow temperature working condition environment (-45-55 ℃), is used for checking the performance of produced mechanical and electrical products and equipment, and realizes the place of the ultralow temperature working condition which is difficult to reach by common refrigeration equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of overlapping refrigeration equipment, in particular to ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment.
Background
At present, mechanical or electronic products need to be operated and tested under ultralow temperature working conditions (-45 ℃ to-55 ℃) to test the performance and the reliability, so that refrigeration equipment is needed to prepare ultralow temperature environment working conditions (-45 ℃ to-55 ℃), and the common air conditioner refrigeration equipment is difficult to realize the ultralow temperature refrigeration environment requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment, which can provide a large-range ultra-low temperature working condition environment in a normal temperature environment so as to solve the problem that the prior art common air conditioner refrigeration equipment is difficult to realize ultra-low temperature refrigeration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
An ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration plant which characterized in that: including high temperature unit, low temperature unit, cooling tower, wherein: the high-temperature unit comprises a high-temperature screw compressor 1, a high-temperature oil separator 2, a water-cooled condenser 4, a high-temperature liquid storage tank 5, an economizer 6 and a condensation evaporator 7, wherein the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor is connected with the input end of the high-temperature oil separator in the water-cooled condenser 4 through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature oil separator 2 is connected with the oil return input end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature area in the water-cooled condenser 4 is connected with the input end of the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, the cooling tower 3 is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low-temperature area in the water-cooled condenser 4 through a pipeline to form a cold water circulation loop, the output end of the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5 is connected with the input end of the liquid phase area in the economizer 6 through a pipeline with a filter, the output end of the liquid phase area in the economizer 6 is connected with the input end of the high-temperature area in the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline with a liquid-way electromagnetic valve 20 and an electronic expansion valve 32, the filter 22 is further bypassed with the high-temperature area in the economizer is connected with the high-temperature area in the vapor phase area 1 through an enthalpy area in the vapor phase area of the high-pressure evaporator 1 through a pipeline;
The low-temperature unit comprises a low-temperature screw compressor 33, a water-cooling cooler 35, a low-temperature oil separator 36, a low-temperature condenser 7, a low-temperature heat regenerator 34, an evaporating fan 64/67, two groups of low-temperature evaporators 62/65, a low-temperature stage expansion container 37, an exhaust pressure controller 60, an air suction pressure controller 57, 59 and a system pressure controller 56, 58, wherein the output end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 is connected with the input end of a high-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler 35 through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler 35 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 through a pipeline, the cooling tower 3 is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler 35 through pipelines to form a cold water circulation loop, the oil return end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 is connected with the oil return input end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 through a pipeline, the output end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 is connected with the input end of the three-way valve 44 through a pipeline, the input end of the three-way valve 44 is divided into two paths, one path of the input end of the three-way valve 44 is connected with the input end of a low-temperature area in the condensation evaporator 7, the other path of the input end of the three-way valve 44 is connected with the input end of the constant pressure regulating valve 60, the output end of the constant pressure regulating valve 60 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature expansion container 37, the output end of the low-temperature area in the condensation evaporator 7 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 through a pipeline, the output end of the low-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 is connected with the input end of the three-way valve 47 through a pipeline with a liquid path electromagnetic valve 68, the output end of the three-way valve 47 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the input ends of the two groups of the electronic expansion valves 63/66, the output ends of the two groups of the electronic expansion valves 63/66 are connected with the input ends of the two groups of the low-temperature evaporator 62/65, the two groups of low-temperature evaporators 62/65 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a fan 64/67, the output ends of the two groups of low-temperature evaporators 62/65 are commonly connected to the input ends of a high-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 through a three-way pipe 49, the output ends of the high-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 are connected with the return air input ends of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 through pipelines, the output ends of the low-temperature expansion container 37 are connected with the input ends of one air suction low-pressure controller 56 and one air suction low-pressure controller 58 through pipelines, the output ends of the low-pressure controller 56 and one air suction low-pressure controller 58 are connected with the return air input ends of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 through pipelines, the input ends of the low-temperature expansion container 37 are also connected with the output ends of one system high-pressure controller 56 and one system high-pressure controller 58 through pipelines, and the input ends of the high-pressure controllers 56 and 58 are connected with the output ends of the low-temperature screw compressor through pipelines.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the high-temperature unit, the return air input end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 is connected with the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 through a pipeline with a ball valve 14, a balance electromagnetic valve 15 and a liquid viewing mirror 16.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the high-temperature unit, a bypass pipeline with a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 18 and a liquid spraying flow limiting valve 19 is also connected to the return air input end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 between the economizer 6 and the liquid path electromagnetic valve 20.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the high-temperature unit, an oil pressure difference switch 8 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the high-temperature oil separator 2 in a communicating way, a high-pressure gauge 9 and a pressure difference switch 10 are arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the condensation evaporator 7, and a low-pressure gauge 11 is arranged on the pipeline.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the high-temperature unit, a stop valve 13 and a stop valve 12 are correspondingly connected in a pipeline at the input end and the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor, and a stop valve 24 is arranged in a pipeline between the water-cooled condenser 4 and the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the low-temperature unit, a pipeline with a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 46 and a liquid spraying flow limiting valve 45 is led out in a bypass mode between the low-temperature area of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 and the liquid path electromagnetic valve 68 and is communicated to the input end of the three-way valve 50, the other input end of the three-way valve 50 is connected with the output end of the high-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator 34, and the output end of the three-way valve 50 is connected with the air return end of the low-temperature compressor 33.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the low-temperature unit, a return air input end and an output end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 are communicated through a pipeline of a solenoid valve 53, a stop valve 54 and a liquid viewing mirror 55, a pressure difference switch 40, a high-pressure gauge 39 and an oil pressure difference switch 38 are arranged on the pipeline between the low-temperature screw compressor and the water cooling cooler in a communicated manner, and a low-pressure gauge 41 is arranged on the return air input end pipeline of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 in a communicated manner.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: in the low-temperature unit, a stop valve 43 is arranged in a return air input end pipeline of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 in a communicating way, a stop valve 42 is arranged in a pipeline between the low-temperature screw compressor and the water-cooling cooler in a communicating way, a solenoid valve 68 is arranged in a pipeline between the water-cooling cooler and the low-temperature oil separator in a communicating way, and an input end and an output end of a high-temperature area of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 are communicated through a pipeline with a flow limiting valve 45 and a solenoid valve 46.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: the cooling tower 3 is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low temperature area in the water-cooling condenser 4 and the water-cooling condenser 35 through the circulating water pump 29, a gate valve and a filter are installed in a pipeline connected with the input end of the low temperature area in the water-cooling condenser 4 and the water-cooling condenser 35 in a communicated manner, a gate valve and a flow switch are installed in a pipeline connected with the output end of the low temperature area in the water-cooling condenser 4 and the water-cooling condenser 35 in a communicated manner, a gate valve and a filter are installed in a pipeline connected with the input end of the low temperature area in the water-cooling condenser 4 and the water-cooling condenser 35 in a communicated manner, and a gate valve and a flow switch are installed in a pipeline connected with the output end of the low temperature area in the water-cooling condenser in a communicated manner.
The ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration equipment is characterized in that: the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the low-temperature screw compressor 33 are both water source screw compressors, the refrigerant of the high-temperature screw compressor is R404A, and the refrigerant of the low-temperature screw compressor is R23.
The invention adopts Siemens PLC-300 control, siemens touch screen man-machine operation, monitors parameters such as unit temperature, pressure and the like through 485 interface remote communication, starts a high-temperature screw compressor (R404A) firstly when the unit works, starts a low-temperature screw compressor (R23) through a water-cooled condenser in the high-temperature unit when the temperature of a condensing evaporator reaches a certain value (-20 ℃), cools air through two groups of low-temperature evaporators, and reaches a required ultralow temperature set value (-55 ℃)
The high temperature unit and the low temperature unit are subjected to superposition composite refrigeration, the control is controlled by adopting a PLC-300, an ALCO expansion valve driver is used for controlling an electronic expansion valve, the pressure and the temperature of the unit are detected, and the start, stop, unloading and loading of a screw machine, a fan and a water pump are controlled according to low and ultra-low temperature set values.
The invention uses special refrigerant R404A, R and the high temperature machine set adopts the water-cooling condenser 4 to dissipate heat through the cooling tower 3, the high temperature machine set evaporator exchanges heat with the condenser 7 of the low temperature machine set in a cascade way, the high temperature machine set condenses R404A through the water-cooling evaporator 4, and the high temperature machine set evaporates in the evaporator 7 to cool the refrigerant R23 in the condenser 7 of the low temperature machine set, so that the R23 is changed from a gas state to a liquid state when the temperature is minus 20 ℃. Because the low-temperature screw compressor adopts R23 refrigerant, the saturation pressure is higher at normal temperature, in order to ensure that the system pressure is within a safe range, the normal-temperature system pressure is reduced, and the refrigeration effect under the low-temperature working condition is ensured, the low-temperature screw compressor system is additionally provided with an expansion container, and adopts the low-pressure air supplementing and high-pressure air exhausting technology and the constant-pressure technology of the expansion container during low-temperature working so as to ensure that the screw compressor system normally operates under the low-temperature working condition. The high-temperature screw compressor 1 (R404A) works at normal temperature firstly, the water-cooled condenser 4 is cooled by a cooling water tower, the evaporator 7 part of the high-temperature unit cools the cooler part of the low-temperature unit through the overlapped plate-type condensation evaporator 7, when the cooling temperature of the evaporator of the high-temperature unit reaches a certain value (-20 ℃), then the low-temperature screw compressor 33 of the low-temperature unit is started, because R23 is low-temperature refrigerant, the saturation pressure is very high at normal temperature, the low-temperature screw compressor is filled with a certain amount of refrigerant (unsaturated), the system pressure 56 and 56 of the low-temperature unit are controlled within a safe range at normal temperature, when the low-temperature screw compressor 33 of the low-temperature unit is started, the suction pressure is lower than the lower limit value of the temperature saturation pressure range corresponding to R23, the low-pressure control electromagnetic valve 59 of the low-temperature expansion container 37 is opened, R23 refrigerant is injected into the low-pressure end of the compressor, and when the suction pressure reaches the upper limit value of the temperature saturation pressure range corresponding to R23, the electromagnetic valve 59 is closed; when the pressure corresponding to the exhaust temperature is higher than the upper limit value of the safety range of the exhaust pressure corresponding to R23, the high-pressure control electromagnetic valve 60 of the low-temperature-stage expansion container is opened, the system injects the refrigerant into the low-temperature-stage expansion container, and when the pressure corresponding to the exhaust temperature is lower than the lower limit value of the safety range of the pressure corresponding to the exhaust temperature corresponding to R23, the high-pressure control electromagnetic valve 60 is closed. The system pressure value of the low-temperature screw compressor is kept in a safe range at normal temperature, the system can work normally (-55 ℃) at low temperature, the unit control adopts a Siemens PLC-300 controller and a touch screen for control, a Schneider air switch and an alternating current contactor are adopted, an indoor circulating centrifugal fan adopts variable frequency speed regulation, the compressor is 4-level adjustable load, a cooling tower fan dissipates heat, a high-efficiency condensing circulating water pump and high-pressure protection, low-pressure protection and differential pressure protection, overload protection, power protection and various protection of the system are adopted, and the system is provided with 485 interfaces, and can be controlled in a modularized mode and monitored remotely.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides an ultralow temperature working condition environment (-45-55 ℃) which is used for checking the performance of mechanical and electrical products and equipment produced by us, and realizes the place of the ultralow temperature working condition which is difficult to reach by common refrigeration equipment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall construction diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a high temperature assembly of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a cryogenic assembly of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration device comprises a high temperature unit, a low temperature unit and a cooling tower 3, wherein: the high-temperature unit comprises a high-temperature screw compressor 1, a high-temperature oil separator 2, a water-cooled condenser 4, a high-temperature liquid storage tank 5, an economizer 6 and a condensation evaporator 7, wherein the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 is connected with the input end of the high-temperature region in the water-cooled condenser 4 through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature oil separator 2 is connected with the oil return input end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature region in the water-cooled condenser 4 is connected with the input end of the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5 through a pipeline, the cooling tower 3 is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low-temperature region in the water-cooled condenser 4 through a pipeline to form a cold water circulation loop, the output end of the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5 is connected with the input end of the liquid region in the economizer 6 through a pipeline with a filter 22, the output end of the liquid region in the economizer 6 is connected with the input end of the high-temperature region in the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline with a liquid-way electromagnetic valve 20 and an electronic expansion valve 32, a bypass between the filter 22 and the economizer 6 is also connected with the input end of the high-temperature region in the condenser 6 through an enthalpy-phase expansion valve 26 of the high-pressure-rise compressor 1;
The low-temperature unit comprises a low-temperature screw compressor 33, a water-cooling cooler 35, a low-temperature oil separator 36, a low-temperature heat regenerator 34, two groups of low-temperature evaporators 62 and 65 and a low-temperature expansion container 37, wherein the output end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 is connected with the input end of a high-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler 35 through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler 35 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 through a pipeline, the cooling tower 3 is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler 35 through a pipeline to form a cold water circulation loop, the oil return end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 is connected with the oil return input end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 through a pipeline, the output end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature area in the condensation evaporator 7 through a pipeline, the output end of the low-temperature separator 36 is also connected with the input end of the low-temperature expansion container 37 through a bypass pipeline with a constant-pressure regulating valve 60, the output end of the low temperature area in the condensation evaporator 7 is connected with the input end of the low temperature area in the low temperature heat regenerator 34 through a pipeline, the output end of the low temperature area in the low temperature heat regenerator 34 is connected with the input end of the two groups of low temperature evaporators 62 and 65 through a pipeline with a liquid pipeline electromagnetic valve 68 in two paths, the two groups of low temperature evaporators 62 and 65 are respectively and correspondingly provided with a fan 64 and a fan 67, the output ends of the two groups of low temperature evaporators 62 and 65 are connected with the input end of the high temperature area in the low temperature heat regenerator 34 through a pipeline, the output end of the high temperature area in the low temperature heat regenerator 34 is connected with the return air input end of the low temperature screw compressor 33 through a pipeline, the output end of the low temperature expansion container 37 is connected with the input end 59 of one low pressure controller through a pipeline, the output 57 of the low-pressure controller is connected via a line to the return air input of the low-temperature screw compressor 33, the input of the low-temperature expansion vessel 37 is also connected via a line to the output 58 of a high-pressure controller, and the input 56 of the high-pressure controller is connected via a line to the output of the low-temperature screw compressor 33.
In the high-temperature unit, the return air input end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 is connected with the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 through a pipeline with a ball valve 14, a balance electromagnetic valve 15 and a liquid viewing mirror 16.
In the high-temperature unit, a pipeline with a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 19 and a liquid spraying flow limiting valve 18 is also bypassed between the economizer 6 and the liquid path electromagnetic valve and is communicated to the return air input end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1.
In the high-temperature unit, an oil pressure difference switch 8, a high-pressure gauge 9 and a pressure difference switch 10 are arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the high-temperature oil separator 2 in a communicating way, and a low-pressure gauge 11 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the condensation evaporator 7.
In the high-temperature unit, a stop valve 13 and a stop valve 12 are correspondingly connected in the pipeline of the input end and the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1, a stop valve 23 is arranged in the pipeline between the high-temperature oil separator 2 and the water-cooling condenser 4, and a stop valve 24 is arranged in the pipeline between the water-cooling condenser 4 and the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5.
In the low-temperature unit, a pipeline with a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 46 and a liquid spraying flow limiting valve 45 is led out in a bypass mode between the low-temperature area of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 and the liquid path electromagnetic valve 68 and is communicated to the output end of the high-temperature area of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34.
In the low-temperature unit, the return air input end and the output end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 are communicated through a pipeline with a solenoid valve 44, a pressure difference switch 40, a high-pressure gauge 39 and an oil pressure difference switch 38 are arranged on the pipeline between the low-temperature screw compressor 33 and the water-cooling cooler 35, and a low-pressure gauge 41 is arranged on the pipeline of the return air input end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33.
In the low-temperature unit, a stop valve 43 is arranged in a return air input end pipeline of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 in a communicating way, a stop valve 42 is arranged in a pipeline between the low-temperature screw compressor 33 and the water-cooling cooler 35 in a communicating way, a solenoid valve 48 is arranged in a pipeline between the water-cooling cooler 35 and the low-temperature oil separator 36 in a communicating way, a ball valve 53, a solenoid valve 54 and a liquid viewing mirror 55 are arranged in a pipeline between the low-temperature oil separator 36 and the low-temperature screw compressor 33 in a communicating way, and the input end and the output end of a high-temperature area of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 are communicated through a pipeline with a flow limiting valve 45 and a solenoid valve 46.
The cooling tower 3 is connected to the input and output ends of the low temperature region in the water-cooled condenser 4 and the water-cooled cooler 35 through the circulating water pump 29.
The high temperature screw compressor 1 and the low temperature screw compressor 33 are both water source screw compressors, the refrigerant of the high temperature screw compressor 1 is R404A, and the refrigerant of the low temperature screw compressor 33 is R23.
The invention adopts Siemens PLC-300 to form the electric cabinet 61, which is used for receiving the measuring instrument signals in the system and realizing the control of the system.
The specific working process of the invention is as follows:
When the equipment works, firstly, the temperature T1 (-20 ℃) of the condensing evaporator 7 of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 is set according to the requirements of a user, meanwhile, the return air temperature T2 (-55 ℃) of the evaporator 62/65 of the low-temperature unit is set, various protection parameters such as pressure, current, exhaust temperature and the like and the working parameters of the electronic expansion valve are set, the circulating water pump 29 is started after the power is on, the time delay is sequentially 2-3 minutes, the cooling tower 3, the low-temperature evaporation fans 64 and 67, the system main circuit electromagnetic valves 20 and 68 and the high-temperature screw compressor 1 are started in a star-delta manner, the high-temperature unit screw compressor 1 starts to work for refrigeration, and when the temperature of the evaporator is smaller than the set temperature T1, After 3 minutes of delay, the low temperature screw compressor 33 is started in a delta manner, the work load of the low temperature screw compressor 33 is gradually increased from 25% to 100%, when the return air temperature of the low temperature evaporators 62 and 65 is lower than the set temperature T2, the load of the low temperature screw compressor 33 is gradually reduced, 100% -75% -50% is stopped, after 1 minute of delay, the load of the compressor 1 is gradually reduced, 100% -75% -50% is stopped, when the return air temperature of the low temperature evaporators 62 and 65 is higher than the set temperature (T2+ [ delta ] T), and the high temperature screw compressor 1 and the low temperature screw compressor 33 repeat the previous starting process. The indoor and outdoor temperature difference is larger during low-temperature refrigeration, the cold energy loss is larger, and the host machine can only load and unload without stopping. When the system is protected, the system alarms and stops the high-temperature screw compressor 1, the low-temperature screw compressor 33 and the fans 64 and 67 to operate, when the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the low-temperature screw compressor 33 are stopped, in order to reduce the high-low pressure difference, the system balance electromagnetic valves 15 and 54 are conducted, and when the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the low-temperature screw compressor 33 are started, the balance electromagnetic valves 15 and 54 are disconnected; when the condensate temperatures of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 and the water-cooling condenser 4 are too high, the enthalpy-increasing electromagnetic valve 25 is opened, part of condensate is throttled by the enthalpy-increasing expansion valve 26, evaporated in the economizer and returned to the compressor, and the system high-pressure condensate is further cooled; When the exhaust temperature of the system is not less than 105 ℃, the spray electromagnetic valve 19 is opened, and the cooling liquid returns to the low-pressure air return end of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 through the spray flow limiting valve 18, so that the exhaust temperature is reduced; after the low-temperature screw compressor 33 in the low-temperature unit is started, the return air pressure is reduced, and the pressure is increased and controlled within a certain range through the low-pressure controllers 57 and 59 and the low-temperature stage expansion container 37; when the exhaust pressure is too high, the pressure is reduced and controlled within a certain range by the high-pressure controllers 56, 58 and the low-temperature-stage expansion vessel 37; when the press stops running, the system pressure is controlled within a certain safety range through the constant pressure controller 60 and the low-temperature-stage expansion vessel 37; When the exhaust temperature of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 is too high, the liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 46 is opened, and the refrigerant returns to the air return end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 through the flow limiting valve 45, so that the exhaust temperature of the low-temperature screw compressor 33 is reduced. The unit operation is controlled by the electric cabinet 61 through a PLC, an alternating current contactor, a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and if a user needs remote control, 485 communication lines can be used for connecting the unit controller, controlling and modifying the unit operation parameters, and carrying out energy management.
In a normal state, after the unit is electrified, a starting instruction is given through a touch screen on a control box 61, a circulating water pump 29 is started, a cooling tower 3 heat dissipation fan is started, low-temperature evaporator circulating fan motors 64 and 67 are started, a high-temperature screw compressor 1 is started for 2-3 minutes, R404A refrigerant is subjected to oil-gas separation from an exhaust port of the high-temperature screw compressor 1 to an oil separator 2 and returns to a low-pressure oil return port of the high-temperature screw compressor 1, gas is fed to an input port of a stop valve 23 through an exhaust port of the high-temperature oil separator 2, the gas is connected with a refrigerant input port of a water-cooled condenser 4 through an output port of the stop valve 23, a refrigerant output port of the water-cooled condenser 4 is connected with an input port of the stop valve 24, an output port of the stop valve 24 is connected with an input end of a high-temperature liquid storage tank 5, an output end of the high-temperature liquid storage tank 5 is connected with an input end of a filter 22, an output end of the filter 22 is divided into two branches through three-way, the first branch is connected to the input port of the economizer 6, the second branch is connected to the input port of the enthalpy increasing electromagnetic valve 25, the output port of the enthalpy increasing electromagnetic valve 25 is connected to the input port of the enthalpy increasing expansion valve 26, the input port of the enthalpy increasing expansion valve 26 is connected to the input port of the economizer 6, after the refrigerant R404A is evaporated in the economizer 6, the gas passes through the output port of the economizer 6 to the input port of the check valve 21, the output port of the check valve 21 is connected with the air return port of the compressor 1, the liquid phase output port of the economizer 6 is connected with the input port of the tee 27, the first branch is connected with the main electromagnetic valve 20 and the electronic expansion valve 32, the output port of the first branch is connected with the gas phase input port of the condensation evaporator 7, the second branch is connected with the input port of the liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 19, the output port of the liquid spraying electromagnetic valve 19 is connected with the input port of the liquid spraying limiting valve 18, and the low-temperature gas-liquid mixed refrigerant returns to the air return port of the high-temperature screw compressor 1. The refrigerant R404A evaporates in the condensing evaporator 7, the gas is output from the other output end of the condensing evaporator 7 and is input and connected with the stop valve 13, the output of the stop valve 13 is connected with the air return end of the high temperature screw compressor 1, the system is provided with an oil pressure differential controller 8 for preventing the blockage of an oil filter, a differential pressure switch 10 for preventing the high pressure and the low pressure of a press from being too high, a high pressure meter 9 for displaying the high pressure of the system and a low pressure meter 11 for displaying the low pressure of the system.
When the temperature sensor 28 (PT-1000) of the evaporator evaporation part of the condensation evaporator 7 detects that the temperature of the refrigerant R404A is reduced to minus 20 ℃, the low-temperature screw compressor 33 is started, the refrigerant R23 is compressed, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is discharged, the gas reaches the input end of the stop valve 42 through the output end of the gas, the output end of the stop valve 42 is connected with the other input end of the water-cooling cooler 35, the high-temperature gas is cooled in the water-cooling cooler 35 and then is connected with the input end of the electromagnetic valve 48 through the output end, the output end of the electromagnetic valve 48 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature oil separator 36, the output end of the low-temperature oil separator 36 is connected with the input end of the three-way pipe 44, the output end of the three-way pipe 44 is divided into two branches, Branch one: the output end of the three-way pipe 44 is connected with the input end of the constant pressure controller 60, the output end of the constant pressure controller 60 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature-stage expansion container 37, when the pressure P of the low-temperature-stage expansion container 37 is less than or equal to 0.6MPa, the pressure controller 60 is conducted (ON), and when the pressure P is more than or equal to 0.85MPa, the pressure controller 60 is closed (OFF), so that the pressure of the low-temperature-stage expansion container 37 is kept within a certain safety range, and the second branch is: the other output end of the three-way pipe is connected with the input end of the condensing part of the condensing evaporator 7, the refrigerant R23 is output after the condensing part of the condensing evaporator 7 is condensed into liquid state, the output end of the condensing evaporator 7 is connected with one input end of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34, After the liquid refrigerant R23 recovers the heat of the return air temperature by the low-temperature heat regenerator 34, the main circuit of the output end of the liquid phase of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 is connected with the input end of the three-way pipe 47, and the three-way pipe 47 is divided into two branches, namely a branch I: the output end of the three-way pipe 47 is connected with the input end of the electronic expansion valve 63, the output end of the electronic expansion valve 63 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature evaporator 62, the output end of the low-temperature evaporator 62 is connected with the input end of the three-way pipe 49, and a branch II is provided with: the other output end of the three-way pipe 47 is connected with the input end of the electronic expansion valve 66, the output end of the electronic expansion valve 66 is connected with the input end of the low-temperature evaporator 65, the output end of the low-temperature evaporator 65 is connected with the other input end of the three-way pipe 49, The output end of the three-way pipe 49 is connected with the gas phase input end of the low-temperature heat regenerator 34, and the R23 refrigerant low-temperature gas is output after being heated by the low-temperature heat regenerator 34 and is connected with the gas return end of the low-temperature screw compressor 33. When the compressor 33 is in operation, the switch of the electromagnetic valve 59 is turned off, when the switch of the low-pressure controller 57 is turned on, and the pressure P of the low-pressure controller 57 is less than or equal to 0.1MPa, the switch of the electromagnetic valve 59 is turned on, the low-temperature-stage expansion container 37 supplements gas to the low-pressure end of the compressor 33, the suction pressure is improved, the switch of the low-pressure controller 57 with the suction pressure P of more than or equal to 0.15MPa is turned off, and the electromagnetic valve 59 is turned off; when the exhaust pressure P of the compressor 33 is more than or equal to 1.6MPa, the switch of the high-pressure controller 56 is closed, the electromagnetic valve 58 is opened, the low-temperature expansion container 37 is inflated, the exhaust pressure P is less than or equal to 1.2MPa, the switch of the high-pressure controller 56 is opened, and the electromagnetic valve 58 is opened; When the low temperature screw compressor 33 stops operating, the solenoid valve 54 is turned on and the system high and low pressure is rapidly balanced. The cryogenic system is provided with an oil pressure differential switch 38, a differential pressure switch 40 for high and low pressure protection of the system, a high pressure gauge 39, and a low pressure gauge 41.
In general, the invention feeds back the low temperature environment temperature to the controller instantly through the temperature sensor of the low temperature return air of the equipment, compares the low temperature environment temperature with a set value, and gives out signals when the temperature sensed by the temperature sensor is lower than the set value, and the low temperature screw compressor 33 and the high temperature screw compressor 1 stop working; when the low temperature environment temperature is higher than the set value and the temperature difference is higher than the set value, the controller gives a signal to start the low temperature screw compressor 33 and the high temperature screw compressor 1, so that the low temperature environment temperature reaches the set value, and the corresponding compressors are stopped when the system is protected.
The above examples are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention should be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An ultra-low temperature water source overlapping large-scale refrigeration plant which characterized in that: including high temperature unit, low temperature unit, cooling tower, wherein: the high-temperature unit comprises a high-temperature screw compressor, a high-temperature oil separator, a water-cooled condenser, a high-temperature liquid storage tank, an economizer and a condensing evaporator, wherein the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor is connected with the input end of the high-temperature oil separator through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature oil separator is connected with the input end of a high-temperature area in the water-cooled condenser through a pipeline, the oil return end of the high-temperature oil separator is connected with the oil return input end of the high-temperature screw compressor through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature area in the water-cooled condenser is connected with the input end of the high-temperature liquid storage tank through a pipeline, The cooling tower is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of a low temperature area in the water-cooled condenser through pipelines to form a cold water circulation loop, the output end of the high temperature liquid storage tank is connected with the input end of a liquid phase area in the economizer through a pipeline with a filter, the output end of the liquid phase area in the economizer is connected with the input end of a high temperature area in the condensing evaporator through a pipeline with a liquid path electromagnetic valve and an electronic expansion valve, a bypass pipeline with an enthalpy increasing electromagnetic valve and an enthalpy increasing expansion valve is also arranged between the filter and the economizer and is communicated with the input end of a gas phase area in the economizer, the output end of the gas phase area in the economizer is connected with the enthalpy increasing input end of the high temperature screw compressor through a pipeline, The output end of the high temperature area in the condensing evaporator is connected with the return air input end of the high temperature screw compressor through a pipeline; The low-temperature unit comprises a low-temperature screw compressor, a water-cooling cooler, a low-temperature oil separator, a low-temperature condenser, a low-temperature heat regenerator, an evaporating fan, two groups of low-temperature evaporators and low-temperature expansion containers, an exhaust pressure controller, an air suction pressure controller and a system pressure controller, wherein the output end of the low-temperature screw compressor is connected with the input end of a high-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler through a pipeline, the output end of the high-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler is connected with the input end of the low-temperature oil separator through a pipeline, the cooling tower is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low-temperature area in the water-cooling cooler through pipelines to form a cold water circulation loop, the oil return end of the low-temperature oil separator is connected with the oil return input end of the low-temperature screw compressor through a pipeline, the output end of the low-temperature oil separator is connected with the input end of a three-way valve through a pipeline, the input end of the three-way valve is divided into two paths, one path of the input end of the three-way valve is connected with the input end of a low-temperature area in the condensing evaporator, the other path of the input end of the three-way valve is connected with the input end of a constant pressure regulating valve, the output end of the constant pressure regulating valve is connected with the input end of a low-temperature expansion container, the output end of the low-temperature area in the condensing evaporator is connected with the input end of the low-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator through a pipeline, the output end of the low-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator is connected with the input end of the three-way valve through a pipeline with a liquid path electromagnetic valve, the output end of the three-way valve is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the input ends of two groups of electronic expansion valves, The output ends of the two groups of electronic expansion valves are connected with the input ends of the two groups of low-temperature evaporators, the two groups of low-temperature evaporators are respectively and correspondingly provided with a fan, the output ends of the two groups of low-temperature evaporators are connected to the input ends of a high-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator through three-way pipelines, the output ends of the high-temperature area in the low-temperature heat regenerator are connected with the return air input ends of the low-temperature screw compressor through pipelines, the output ends of the low-temperature expansion container are connected with the input ends of an air suction low-pressure controller through pipelines, the output ends of the low-pressure controller are connected with the return air input ends of the low-temperature screw compressor through pipelines, the input ends of the low-temperature expansion container are also connected with the output ends of a system high-pressure controller through pipelines, The input end of the high-pressure controller is connected with the output end of the low-temperature screw compressor through a pipeline;
In the high-temperature unit, the return air input end of the high-temperature screw compressor is connected with the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor through a pipeline with a ball valve, a balance electromagnetic valve and a liquid viewing mirror;
In the high-temperature unit, a bypass pipeline with a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve and a liquid spraying flow limiting valve is also connected to the return air input end of the high-temperature screw compressor between the economizer and the liquid path electromagnetic valve.
2. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: in the high-temperature unit, an oil pressure difference switch, a high-pressure gauge and a pressure difference switch are arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature screw compressor and the high-temperature oil separator in a communicating way, and a low-pressure gauge is arranged on a pipeline between the high-temperature screw compressor and the condensing evaporator.
3. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: in the high-temperature unit, a stop valve and a stop valve are correspondingly connected in a pipeline at the input end and the output end of the high-temperature screw compressor respectively, and the stop valve is arranged in a pipeline between the water-cooling condenser and the high-temperature liquid storage tank in a communicating way.
4. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: in the low-temperature unit, a pipeline with a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve and a liquid spraying flow limiting valve is led out by a bypass between the low-temperature region of the low-temperature heat regenerator and the liquid path electromagnetic valve and is communicated to the input end of the three-way valve, the other input end of the three-way valve is connected with the output end of the high-temperature region in the low-temperature heat regenerator, and the output end of the three-way valve is connected with the air return end of the low-temperature press.
5. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: in the low-temperature unit, a return air input end and an output end of the low-temperature screw compressor are communicated through a pipeline of a solenoid valve, a stop valve and a liquid viewing mirror, a pressure difference switch, a high-pressure gauge and an oil pressure difference switch are arranged on the pipeline between the low-temperature screw compressor and the water cooling cooler in a communicating manner, and a low-pressure gauge is arranged on the pipeline of the return air input end of the low-temperature screw compressor in a communicating manner.
6. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: in the low-temperature unit, a stop valve is arranged in a return air input end pipeline of the low-temperature screw compressor in a communicating way, the stop valve is arranged in a pipeline between the low-temperature screw compressor and the water-cooling cooler in a communicating way, an electromagnetic valve is arranged in a pipeline between the water-cooling cooler and the low-temperature oil separator in a communicating way, and an input end and an output end of a high-temperature area of the low-temperature heat regenerator are communicated through a pipeline with a flow limiting valve and the electromagnetic valve.
7. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the cooling tower is respectively connected with the input end and the output end of the low-temperature area in the water-cooling condenser and the water-cooling cooler through the circulating water pump, and a gate valve and a filter are installed in a pipeline connected with the input end of the low-temperature area in the water-cooling condenser in a communicated manner.
8. The ultra-low temperature water source cascade large-scale refrigeration equipment according to claim 1, wherein: the high-temperature screw compressor and the low-temperature screw compressor are both water source screw compressors, the refrigerant of the high-temperature screw compressor is R404A, and the refrigerant of the low-temperature screw compressor is R23.
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| EP2886976B1 (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2020-10-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Refrigerating device |
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