CN111192698B - Wide viewing angle cooling shock process simulation system under pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for simulating a cooling shock process under pressure with a wide viewing angle, comprising: a depression pool, a bubbler mechanism, a gas supply mechanism, a measurement mechanism, and a control module, wherein: the bubbler mechanism is set in the depression pool and connected with the gas supply The gas supply mechanism is connected with the bubbler mechanism through the suppression pool, the measurement mechanism is connected with the suppression pool and collects pressure signals, sound signals, vibration signals and temperature signals, and the control module is connected with the measurement mechanism and collects the collected high Fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis calculation and analysis of high-frequency pressure signals, sound signals and vibration signals are performed to obtain the law of suppression shock characteristics. The invention measures and analyzes the characteristics of condensation heat transfer and impact load in the process of decompression impact through the measurement and analysis of various sensors, so as to obtain the depressive impact process of the depressive water pool.

Description

Wide viewing angle cooling shock process simulation system under pressure

technical field

The invention relates to a technology in the field of nuclear industry, in particular to a simulation system for cooling shock process under pressure with wide viewing angle.

Background technique

When a pipe rupture accident occurs in a nuclear reactor, it is necessary to reduce the containment pressure to maintain structural integrity. Referring to the design concept of the boiling water reactor suppression pool, the suppression pool design is carried out for the nuclear power plant pressurized water reactor containment vessel and the marine reactor containment vessel. decompression. The high-temperature and high-pressure steam containing non-condensable gas is passed into the depressurized water pool for decompression of the containment. During the decompression process of the containment, the steam-water directly contacts and condenses, which has high heat and mass transfer efficiency. However, the steam-water condensation will produce strong pressure oscillations, which may affect the system wall Shock load and mechanical damage will be generated, which will affect the pressure relief and cooling of the system, and seriously affect the safe operation of the equipment. In addition, severe noise will be generated during the condensation process, which will seriously damage the concealment of the marine nuclear power plant.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention proposes a pressure-bearing and cooling shock process simulation system with a wide viewing angle, which is equipped with a pressure-bearing experimental container, a large and wide-angle viewing window, and an adjustable injection pipeline position. The characteristics of condensation heat transfer and impact load in the process of decompression shock are obtained through analysis, so as to obtain the depressive shock process of the depressive pool.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The invention comprises: a depressing water pool, a bubbler mechanism, a gas supply mechanism, a measuring mechanism and a control module, wherein: the bubbler mechanism is arranged in the depressing water pool and connected with the gas supply mechanism, and the gas supply mechanism communicates with the gas supply mechanism through the depressing water pool The bubbler mechanism is connected, the measuring mechanism is connected with the suppression pool and collects pressure signals, sound signals, vibration signals and temperature signals, and the control module is connected with the measuring mechanism to quickly perform a rapid measurement of the collected high-frequency pressure signals, sound signals and vibration signals. Fourier transform or wavelet analysis, calculation and analysis, to obtain the law of suppression shock characteristics.

The measuring mechanism includes: a camera, a flow meter arranged on the depression pool, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a hydrophone, an acceleration sensor and a strain gauge, wherein: the camera is arranged outside the depression pool and opposite to the observation window .

The gas supply mechanism includes: a steam supply unit and a nitrogen supply unit.

The bubbler mechanism includes: a connected bubbler and several multi-position pipelines, wherein: the multi-position pipeline is arranged on the top of the depression pool and is connected with the steam supply unit and the nitrogen supply unit, and the bubbler is arranged on the depression pool Inside.

The outlet of the steam supply unit is sequentially provided with a steam pipeline mass flow meter, a steam pipeline electric regulating valve and a steam pipeline check valve, wherein: the steam pipeline check valve is connected to the multi-position pipeline and the nitrogen supply unit respectively.

The outlet of the nitrogen supply unit is sequentially provided with a nitrogen pipeline pressure reducing valve, a nitrogen pipeline heater, a nitrogen pipeline mass flow meter, a nitrogen pipeline electric regulating valve and a nitrogen pipeline check valve, wherein: the nitrogen pipeline check valve and the steam pipeline A check valve is connected and commonly connected with the bubbler mechanism.

An observation window for observing the characteristics of the suppression shock condensation behavior is provided on the depression water pool.

The decompression pool is provided with several pipeline holes for connecting with multi-position pipelines.

The control module includes: a pressure information unit, a sound information unit, a vibration information unit, a temperature information unit and an analysis and detection unit, wherein: the pressure information unit is connected to the pressure sensor and receives the pressure information to perform analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and output To the analysis and detection unit, the sound information unit is connected with the hydrophone and performs analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction after receiving the sound information, and outputs it to the analysis and detection unit. The vibration information unit is connected to the acceleration sensor and performs analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction after receiving the acceleration information. Extract and output to the analysis and detection unit, the temperature information unit is connected with the temperature sensor and after receiving the temperature information, perform analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and output to the analysis and detection unit, the analysis and monitoring unit according to the received pressure characteristics, sound characteristics, vibration characteristics and The temperature characteristics are analyzed by fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis, and the law of the suppression shock characteristics is obtained.

The present invention relates to a simulation method based on the above-mentioned process simulation system, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Open the valve of the water replenishment pipeline, inject water into the experimental container, close the valve after the water level reaches the working condition requirements, and stop water injection; start the nitrogen supply unit, close the steam pipeline, and continue to feed nitrogen at a certain temperature to heat the water in the experimental container, so that the water in the container The water temperature meets the requirements of the working conditions, and nitrogen is introduced through the nitrogen pipeline to pressurize, so that the pressure in the container meets the requirements of the working conditions;

Step 2: Generate steam through the steam supply unit, adjust the mass flow rate of steam to meet the requirements of the working conditions; generate nitrogen through the nitrogen supply unit, adjust the mass flow rate and temperature of nitrogen gas to meet the requirements of the working conditions, so as to simulate the non-condensability generated simultaneously with steam in the actual reactor Gas, which is mixed with steam and injected into the experimental vessel;

Step 3: Signals are collected by temperature sensors, pressure sensors, hydrophones, acceleration sensors, cameras, and strain gauges, and the law of suppression shock characteristics is obtained through fast Fourier transform calculations, and the mechanism of the suppression shock process of the suppression pool is discussed , to analyze the impact of the condensation process on the structure, including:

3.1) Convert the electrical signal output by the sensor into various physical quantities required by the acquisition system, such as temperature, pressure, sound pressure, vibration, etc.;

3.2) High-frequency pressure, sound, and vibration acquisition signals, the time-domain characteristics of various signals can be obtained through the acquisition system and control system;

3.3) Obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the signal through the fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis of the time domain characteristics, and obtain the mechanism characteristics and action laws of the suppression shock by analyzing the amplitude and frequency of various physics.

technical effect

The invention solves the gap in the mechanism of the cooling impact process of the existing suppression pool according to the design and safe operation of reactor related equipment.

Compared with the prior art, the test result of the present invention is consistent with the situation of the actual reactor depression pool, and different pressures can be adjusted according to the needs of working conditions to meet different experimental requirements; and the condensation process of the gas can be observed more completely and comprehensively, And it can satisfy the observation of the gas condensation process of the bubbler at different positions, and obtain the steam condensation flow pattern area with the least cooling impact, which provides a reference for the design of the decompression discharge system. The invention can connect the injection pipeline to different injection pipeline holes according to the needs, change the orientation of the bubbler, and study the influence of different gas outlet positions on the structure, so as to provide the follow-up depressive pool for the application of pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants and marine reactors Provide references.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the experimental container of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view of the experimental container of the present invention;

In the figure: steam supply unit 1, steam pipeline mass flow meter 2, steam pipeline electric regulating valve 3, steam pipeline pressure sensor 4, steam pipeline temperature sensor 5, steam pipeline check valve 6, nitrogen supply unit 7, nitrogen pipeline decompression Valve 8, nitrogen pipeline heater 9, nitrogen pipeline mass flowmeter 10, nitrogen pipeline electric control valve 11, nitrogen pipeline pressure sensor 12, nitrogen pipeline temperature sensor 13, nitrogen pipeline check valve 14, injection pipeline mass flowmeter 15, injection Pipeline pressure sensor 16, injection pipeline temperature sensor 17, multi-position pipeline 18, bubbler 19, observation window 20, closed pressure vessel 21, temperature sensor 22, pressure sensor 23, acceleration sensor 24, strain gauge 25, hydrophone 26. Water supply pipeline valve 27, exhaust pipeline valve 28, drainage pipeline valve 29, water supply tank 30, camera 31, steam pipeline 32, nitrogen pipeline 33, injection pipeline 34, exhaust pipeline 35, water supply pipeline 36, drainage pipeline 37, Air supply pipeline 38 , pipeline hole 39 , control module 40 .

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1, it is a kind of simulation system for wide-viewing-angle pressure-bearing cooling shock process involved in this embodiment, including: a depression pool, an injection pipeline 34, an air supply pipeline 38, an exhaust pipeline 35, a water supply pipeline 36 and a drainage Line 37.

The gas supply line 38 includes: a steam line 32 and a nitrogen line 33 for providing nitrogen, wherein: the steam line 32 is sequentially provided with a steam supply unit 1, a steam line mass flow meter 2, a steam line electric regulating valve 3, Steam pipeline pressure sensor 4, steam pipeline temperature sensor 5, steam pipeline check valve 6.

The nitrogen pipeline 33 is sequentially provided with a nitrogen supply unit 7, a nitrogen pipeline pressure reducing valve 8 for adjusting nitrogen pressure, a nitrogen pipeline heater 9 for heating nitrogen, a nitrogen pipeline mass flow meter 10, and a nitrogen pipeline electric regulator Valve 11 , nitrogen pipeline pressure sensor 12 , nitrogen pipeline temperature sensor 13 and nitrogen pipeline check valve 14 .

The injection line 34 is sequentially provided with an injection line mass flow meter 15 , an injection line pressure sensor 16 , an injection line temperature sensor 17 , a multi-position line 18 and a bubbler 19 .

The exhaust pipeline 35 is provided with an exhaust pipeline valve 29; the water supply pipeline 36 is provided with a water supply pipeline valve 28 and a water supply tank 31.

The drain line 37 is provided with a drain line valve 30 .

The steam line check valve 6 is arranged at the end of the steam line 32 to prevent gas from flowing back into the steam line 32 .

The nitrogen pipeline check valve 14 is arranged at the end of the nitrogen pipeline 33 , and is connected with the check valve 6 and the injection pipeline 34 to prevent gas from flowing back into the nitrogen pipeline 33 .

The decompression pool specifically adopts a closed pressure vessel 21, which is 304 stainless steel, with a height of 1500mm, a diameter of 1000mm, a design pressure of 0.3MPa, and a design temperature of 145°C.

The drainage tank 30 and the replenishment pipeline valve 27 are arranged below the closed pressure-bearing container 21. Before the experiment starts, the replenishment pipeline valve 27 is opened to inject water into the experimental vessel. After the water level reaches the working condition requirement, the valve is closed and the water injection is stopped.

The exhaust pipeline valve 28 is arranged above the closed pressure-bearing container 21, and the gas in the closed-ended pressure-bearing container 21 can be discharged by opening the valve after the experiment, and can meet the normal pressure test conditions.

The drainage pipeline 37 is arranged directly below the closed pressure vessel 21 , and the water body in the closed pressure vessel 21 can be discharged by opening the drainage pipeline valve 29 .

The top upper head of the closed pressure vessel 21 is provided with several pipeline holes 39 connected with the multi-position pipeline 18 to change the orientation of the bubbler 19 and adjust the pressure relief position, wherein the multi-position pipelines are respectively located in the container At the center and near the wall of the container, the influence of different gas outlet positions on the structure is studied.

The wall of the closed pressure vessel 21 is provided with a large wide-angle observation window 20, which adopts a circular structure with a diameter of 600mm, and is used to observe the gas condensation flow pattern in the process of decompression shock, so as to obtain the behavior characteristics of decompression shock condensation; Compared with the visualization window of the large wide-angle viewing window 20, the gas condensation process can be observed more completely and comprehensively, and can satisfy the observation of the gas condensation process of the bubbler 19 at different positions.

The closed pressure vessel 21 is provided with a temperature sensor 22, a pressure sensor 23, an acceleration sensor 24, a strain gauge 25, and a hydrophone 26, wherein the temperature sensor 22 is arranged in the closed pressure vessel 21 for measuring the pressure The water temperature changes during the pressure shock process, and the heat transfer characteristics during the pressure suppression shock process are studied; the pressure sensor 23 is arranged on the wall of the closed pressure receiving container 21, and is used to measure the impact of the pressure suppression shock process on the wall of the closed pressure receiving container 21; the acceleration sensor 24 It is installed on the wall of the closed pressure vessel 21 to measure the vibration of the wall of the closed pressure vessel 21 during the process of suppressing the impact, and to study the characteristics of the pressure oscillation during the process of suppressing the impact; the strain gauge 25 is installed on the wall of the closed pressure vessel 21 for measuring The structure of the closed pressure-bearing container 21 is deformed during the depressive shock process, and the impact effect on the structure is studied during the depressive shock process; the hydrophone 26 is arranged inside the closed pressure-bearing container 21, which is used to measure the noise during the depressive shock process, and the research Audio characteristics during a suppressed shock.

The bubbler 19 is specifically a multi-hole bubbler, which is used to reduce vibration and noise during the shock suppression process, and to protect the structure of the equipment.

The closed pressure container 21 is provided with a camera 31 outside, and the camera 31 takes pictures of the depressive shock phenomenon through the observation window 20 to study the condensation behavior characteristics during the depressive shock process.

This embodiment is based on the simulation method of the above-mentioned process simulation system, including the following steps:

Step 1: Open the valve 27 of the water replenishment pipeline, inject water into the closed pressure vessel 21, close the valve after the water level reaches the requirements of the working conditions, and stop the water injection; start the nitrogen supply unit 7, close the steam pipeline 32, and continuously feed nitrogen at a certain temperature to heat the closed bearing Pressurize the water body in the container 21 so that the temperature of the water in the container meets the requirements of the working conditions, and feed nitrogen through the nitrogen pipeline 33 to pressurize the pressure so that the pressure in the container meets the requirements of the working conditions.

Step 2: The steam supply unit 1 generates steam, and adjusts the mass flow rate of the steam through the electric regulating valve 3 of the steam pipeline to meet the requirements of the working conditions; the nitrogen supply unit 7 generates nitrogen, and the nitrogen pressure is reduced through the pressure reducing valve 8 of the nitrogen pipeline to maintain the same level as the steam. level; the nitrogen is heated by the nitrogen pipeline heater 9, and the nitrogen mass flow rate is adjusted by the nitrogen pipeline electric control valve 11; the nitrogen simulates the non-condensable gas produced simultaneously with the steam in the actual reactor, and is injected into the experimental container after being mixed with the steam; through the steam pipeline Mass flowmeter 2, steam pipeline pressure sensor 4 and steam pipeline temperature sensor 5 measure steam mass flow, pressure and temperature respectively; pressure and temperature;

During the process of injecting the steam and nitrogen generated by the steam supply unit 1 and the nitrogen supply unit 7 into the closed pressure container 21 , the multi-position pipeline 18 at different positions can be selected;

Step 3: The signals are collected by the temperature sensor 22, the pressure sensor 23, the hydrophone 26, the acceleration sensor 24, the camera 31 and the strain gauge 25, and the condensation behavior characteristics during the shock suppression process are obtained by fast Fourier transform and other methods, Heat transfer characteristics, pressure oscillation characteristics, structural load characteristics and audio characteristics, discuss the mechanism of the suppression shock process of the suppression pool, and analyze the impact of the condensation process on the structure.

Compared with the existing technology, the improvement of the performance index of this device lies in: 1. It is not only consistent with the situation of the actual reactor suppression pool, but also can adjust different pressures according to the needs of working conditions to meet different experimental requirements; it can also be more complete and comprehensive Observation of the condensation process of the gas, and can meet the observation of the gas condensation process of the bubbler at different positions, and obtain the steam condensation flow pattern area with the smallest cooling impact, which provides a reference for the design of the depressurization discharge system. 2. The injection pipeline can be connected to different injection pipeline holes according to the needs, the position of the bubbler can be changed, and the influence of different gas outlet positions on the structure can be studied. The pressure-bearing pressure vessel of the present invention can adjust its pressure according to needs, and the adjustable pressure range is 0.1MPa-0.3MPa, which makes the greatest contribution to simulating the actual reactor working conditions. The position of the injection pipeline can be adjusted so that the positions of the steam outlets are different. The positions of the outlets are respectively located in the center of the container and near the wall, which makes the greatest contribution to the analysis of the influence of different steam outlet positions on condensation and impact. The wide viewing angle observation window adopts DN600 large observation window, which can observe the comprehensive steam condensation flow pattern, and makes the greatest contribution to the steam condensation flow pattern area with the least cooling impact. The pressure-bearing pressure vessel, the adjustable injection pipeline position and the wide viewing angle observation window make the greatest contribution to the comprehensive analysis of the cooling shock mechanism of the suppressed water pool under various working conditions in the actual reactor.

The above specific implementation can be partially adjusted in different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and purpose of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is subject to the claims and is not limited by the above specific implementation. Each implementation within the scope is bound by the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A wide viewing angle bearing pressure suppression cooling shock process simulation system is characterized in that it comprises: a suppression pool, a bubbler mechanism, a gas supply mechanism, a measuring mechanism and a control module, wherein: the bubbler mechanism is arranged on the suppression The water tank is connected with the gas supply mechanism, the gas supply mechanism is connected with the bubbler mechanism through the depressive water pool, the measuring mechanism is connected with the depressive water pool and collects pressure signals, sound signals, vibration signals and temperature signals, and the control module is connected with the measuring mechanism And perform fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis and calculation analysis on the collected high-frequency pressure signals, sound signals and vibration signals to obtain the law of suppression shock characteristics; The control module includes: a pressure information unit, a sound information unit, a vibration information unit, a temperature information unit and an analysis and detection unit, wherein: the pressure information unit is connected to the pressure sensor and receives the pressure information to perform analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and output To the analysis and detection unit, the sound information unit is connected with the hydrophone and performs analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction after receiving the sound information, and outputs it to the analysis and detection unit. The vibration information unit is connected to the acceleration sensor and performs analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction after receiving the acceleration information. Extract and output to the analysis and detection unit, the temperature information unit is connected with the temperature sensor and after receiving the temperature information, perform analog-to-digital conversion and feature extraction and output to the analysis and detection unit, the analysis and monitoring unit according to the received pressure characteristics, sound characteristics, vibration characteristics and Perform fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis calculation and analysis on temperature characteristics to obtain the law of suppression shock characteristics; The gas supply mechanism includes: a steam supply unit and a nitrogen supply unit; The outlet of the steam supply unit is provided with a steam pipeline mass flow meter, a steam pipeline electric regulating valve and a steam pipeline check valve in sequence, wherein: the steam pipeline check valve is connected to the multi-position pipeline and the nitrogen supply unit respectively; The outlet of the nitrogen supply unit is sequentially provided with a nitrogen pipeline pressure reducing valve, a nitrogen pipeline heater, a nitrogen pipeline mass flow meter, a nitrogen pipeline electric regulating valve and a nitrogen pipeline check valve, wherein: the nitrogen pipeline check valve and the steam pipeline A check valve is connected and commonly connected with the bubbler mechanism. 2. The system for simulating cooling shock process under pressure with wide viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that, said measuring mechanism comprises: a camera, a flow meter arranged on a depressurized pool, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a water The earphone, the acceleration sensor and the strain gauge, wherein: the camera is arranged outside the decompression pool and opposite to the observation window. 3. The system for simulation of cooling impact process under pressure with wide viewing angle according to claim 1, characterized in that, said bubbler mechanism comprises: a connected bubbler and several multi-position pipelines, wherein: multi-position pipelines are set On the top of the depression pool and connected with the steam supply unit and the nitrogen supply unit, the bubbler is arranged in the depression pool. 4. The system for simulating the cooling shock process under pressure with a wide viewing angle according to claim 1, wherein an observation window for observing the condensation behavior characteristics of the suppression shock is provided on the described suppression pool; The pool is provided with several pipeline holes for connecting with multi-position pipelines. 5. A simulation method based on the process simulation system described in any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Open the valve of the water replenishment pipeline, inject water into the experimental container, close the valve after the water level reaches the working condition requirements, and stop water injection; start the nitrogen supply unit, close the steam pipeline, and continue to feed nitrogen to heat the water in the experimental container, so that the water temperature in the container reaches The requirements of the working conditions, and pressurize the nitrogen gas through the nitrogen pipeline, so that the pressure in the container meets the requirements of the working conditions; Step 2: Generate steam through the steam supply unit, adjust the mass flow rate of steam to meet the requirements of the working conditions; generate nitrogen through the nitrogen supply unit, adjust the mass flow rate and temperature of nitrogen gas to meet the requirements of the working conditions, so as to simulate the non-condensability generated simultaneously with steam in the actual reactor Gas, which is mixed with steam and injected into the experimental vessel; Step 3: Signals are collected by temperature sensors, pressure sensors, hydrophones, acceleration sensors, cameras, and strain gauges, and the law of suppression shock characteristics is obtained through fast Fourier transform calculations, and the mechanism of the suppression shock process of the suppression pool is discussed , to analyze the impact of the condensation process on the structure, including: 3.1) Convert the electrical signal output by the sensor into the required temperature, pressure, sound pressure, and vibration through the acquisition system; 3.2) High-frequency pressure, sound, and vibration acquisition signals, the time-domain characteristics of various signals can be obtained through the acquisition system and control system; 3.3) Obtain the frequency domain characteristics of the signal through the fast Fourier transform or wavelet analysis of the time domain characteristics, and obtain the mechanism characteristics and action laws of the suppression shock by analyzing the amplitude and frequency of various physics.

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