CN111204222A - Redundant battery management system, redundant management method and power-on and power-off management method - Google Patents
Redundant battery management system, redundant management method and power-on and power-off management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111204222A CN111204222A CN201811309339.4A CN201811309339A CN111204222A CN 111204222 A CN111204222 A CN 111204222A CN 201811309339 A CN201811309339 A CN 201811309339A CN 111204222 A CN111204222 A CN 111204222A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery management system with a redundancy function, which comprises a battery management system in communication connection with a whole vehicle microcomputer system, wherein the battery management system comprises a redundancy battery management system A and a battery management system B, and a main control module A of the battery management system A and a main control module B of the battery management system B are respectively connected with a battery system submodule through at least one path of CAN bus to form a dual-branch redundancy battery management system. The invention also provides a redundancy management method and a power-on and power-off management method of the battery management system. According to the invention, when one branch circuit battery system or BMS fails and cannot be used, the other branch circuit BMS and the battery system work normally, so that energy is continuously provided for the whole vehicle, and the safety and reliability of the whole vehicle are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicles, and particularly relates to a battery management system with a redundancy function, a redundancy management method and a power-on and power-off management method of the battery management system.
Background
In recent years, the new energy field is developed at a high speed, and the performance of a power battery system is greatly improved. At present, new energy automobiles are developed vigorously, and hybrid locomotives also become a recognized development direction of green and environment-friendly locomotives. Considering the usability of new energy vehicles and hybrid locomotives, when a power battery or a BMS fails and cannot be used, the traffic and personnel safety of roads are seriously affected. Therefore, in order to ensure the safety and reliability of the power battery system, it is necessary to develop a dual-branch redundancy design of the battery management system for the dual-branch battery system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a double-branch redundancy design scheme of a battery management system, which can improve the safety and the reliability of a vehicle.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the redundant battery management system comprises a battery management system in communication connection with a whole vehicle microcomputer system, the battery management system comprises a battery management system A and a battery management system B which are arranged in a redundant manner, the battery management system A and the battery management system B which are arranged in the redundant manner comprise a main control module and a battery system submodule which are arranged in the redundant manner, and the main control module A of the battery management system A is connected with a set of battery system submodules through at least one path of CAN bus; and the main control module B of the battery management system B is connected with another set of battery system sub-modules through at least one path of CAN bus to form a dual-branch redundant battery management system.
And the master control module A and the master control module B are respectively connected with the insulation detector through one CAN bus.
And the main control module A is in communication connection with the main control module B.
A redundancy management method of a battery management system comprises the following steps:
under the condition that a double-branch redundant battery management system A and a battery management system B work normally, a main control module A and a main control module B both carry out information interaction with a finished automobile microcomputer system, and the main control module of one battery management system is used as a main control panel to carry out finished automobile battery management;
the main control module A and the main control module B acquire vital signals of the other side in real time or at regular time, when the main control module of one branch fails, the main control module of the other branch receives the abnormal vital signals of the main control module of the branch, and judges that the main control module of the failed branch does not work normally, and then the main control module of the battery management system of the other branch is used as a main control board to manage the whole vehicle battery.
When the main control module A and the main control module B acquire the vital signals of the other side in real time or at regular time, and after the main control module of one branch fails, the fault processing of the failed branch comprises at least one of the following steps:
(1) performing character or sound-light alarm in a microcomputer system of the whole vehicle;
(2) when power limiting processing is required, the battery management system reduces power output;
(3) and a relay for disconnecting the fault branch from the battery management subsystem.
The power-on and power-off control method of the battery management system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the whole vehicle needs high-voltage electrification:
after the low-voltage power supply is powered on, the dual-branch redundant battery management system carries out self-checking, after the self-checking is finished and no fault exists, the battery management system controls to pull in a main negative contactor connected to the negative electrode of the power battery, when the dual-branch redundant battery management system receives an instruction which is sent by a whole vehicle microcomputer system and allows the main positive contactor to be pulled in, the main positive contactor connected to the positive electrode of the power battery is pulled in, and the high-voltage power supply is finished;
when the whole vehicle needs to be powered off:
(1) after the main loop contactor of the whole vehicle is disconnected, the microcomputer system of the whole vehicle sends a power-off command to the dual-branch redundant battery management system, and the main control module A of the battery management system A and the main control module B of the battery management system B disconnect the main positive contactor and then disconnect the main negative contactor by sending commands;
(2) when one of the battery management systems breaks down, the battery management system firstly sends a request for disconnecting the main positive contactor to the whole vehicle microcomputer system, the main positive contactor can be disconnected after the whole vehicle microcomputer system allows, and if the whole vehicle microcomputer system does not allow or does not respond, the battery management system of the fault branch automatically sends an instruction for disconnecting the main positive contactor at a set time and then disconnects the main negative contactor.
When the main control module of any branch of the dual-branch redundant battery management system has abnormal driving fault and can not normally disconnect the main positive contactor or the main negative contactor, the battery management system of the branch sends a request for manually disconnecting the main negative relay to the whole vehicle microcomputer system, and the whole vehicle microcomputer system displays the request in the instrument so that a driver manually disconnects the high-voltage loop.
When the low-voltage power-down requirement is detected, the whole vehicle microcomputer system judges the system state and whether the low-voltage power-down is allowed or not; and if the low-voltage power-down is allowed, sending a low-voltage power-down request to the dual-branch redundant battery management system, storing the current data by the dual-branch redundant battery management system, and then sending a low-voltage power-down preparation state to the finished automobile microcomputer system for low-voltage power-down.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, when one branch circuit battery system or BMS fails and cannot be used, the other branch circuit BMS and the battery system work normally, so that energy is continuously provided for the whole vehicle, and the safety and reliability of the whole vehicle are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a redundancy system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a high-low voltage power-on flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a high voltage power down flow chart of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a redundant battery management system, which is a dual-branch system as shown in fig. 1, each branch is provided with a battery management system, and when a battery system or a battery management system (i.e., BMS) of one branch fails, the other branch battery system and the BMS can still be used normally.
The battery management system comprises a battery management subsystem for managing a single battery pack and a main control module connected with the battery management subsystem, wherein the battery management subsystems and the main control modules of all the battery packs are connected to form a Battery Management System (BMS).
The battery management system comprises a battery management system A and a battery management system B which are in communication connection with a whole vehicle microcomputer system, wherein the battery management system A and the battery management system B are arranged redundantly, a main control module A of the battery management system A and a main control module B of the battery management system B are respectively connected with battery system submodules arranged redundantly through at least one CAN bus, namely, each battery management system branch arranged redundantly comprises a set of battery system submodule and a main control module, and the two main control modules and the two sets of battery system submodules form double branches to form the battery management system arranged redundantly.
The battery management submodule collects information of each single battery box and uploads the information to the main control module, and the main control module calculates and displays total information of the whole system. The battery management submodule is the prior art and can be called a battery management system slave control or a battery management system daughter board.
The BMS of each branch circuit adopts CAN network communication, because the battery system string number is more and the communication pencil is longer, consequently uses 2 ways of CAN to be used for the communication of principal and subordinate, and every way CAN connects some battery system submodule, and the battery system submodule of whole batteries is connected to two ways of CAN, and uses 1 way of CAN to connect insulating detector, and insulating detector passes to host system with information after total pressure and insulating information's the detection. And the external 1-channel CAN is used for the mutual communication between the main control module A, the main control module B and the whole vehicle microcomputer.
The main control module A and the main control module B are in communication connection and used for acquiring the state of the other side, judging whether the other side works normally or not, and if the other side does not work normally, sending a new switching number to perform redundancy switching through the BMS.
The invention also provides a redundancy management method of the battery management system, which comprises the following steps:
under the condition that the battery management system A and the battery management system B with double branch redundancy normally work, the battery management system A and the battery management system B interact with a whole vehicle microcomputer system to exchange the battery system information, and a main control module of one battery management system is used as a main control panel to manage the whole vehicle battery; for example, the main control module A is set as a main control board and interacts BMS information with the microcomputer, such as the current of the BMS, the current maximum allowable discharging current and the like.
The main control module A and the main control module B judge whether the main control module A and the main control module B work normally or not by comparing the vital signal with the value of the normal vital number and judging whether the vital signal is out of the normal range or not, particularly, the main control module A and the main control module B acquire the vital signal of the other party in real time or at regular time, when the main control module of one branch fails, the main control module of the other branch receives the abnormal life signal of the main control module of the branch and judges that the main control module of the failed branch does not work normally, the main control module of the battery management system of the other branch circuit is used as a main control board to manage the battery of the whole vehicle, the main control module which normally works at the moment is used for interacting the information of the battery system with the whole microcomputer system, and also is used for interacting the information of the battery management system with the whole microcomputer system as the main control module, so that the aim of normally using the battery management system is fulfilled.
When a slave control hardware fault, an internal CAN communication fault or a battery system fault occurs in a certain branch of the BMS, and a certain branch battery system cannot be normally used, the master control module of the branch independently controls the fault processing of the branch BMS, generally adopts processing modes such as alarming, power limiting or relay cutting, if the power limiting processing occurs, the power output of the main system is reduced, and if the relay is cut off to cut off the certain branch, the other branch CAN be normally output and used, so that the purpose of redundancy design is achieved.
Namely, the fault processing of the fault branch comprises at least one of the following steps:
(1) performing character or sound-light alarm in a microcomputer system of the whole vehicle; the system is characterized in that after a finished automobile microcomputer system receives fault information, the fault information is displayed and alarmed in an instrument.
(2) When the BMS judges that power limiting processing is needed after fault diagnosis, the control system reduces power output;
(3) and the relays connected between the fault branches and the battery management subsystem are disconnected, the relays are arranged in the high-voltage box and are driven to be switched on and off by the BMS, and each redundant branch is provided with a corresponding relay which is arranged for ensuring high-voltage safety.
The invention provides a power-on and power-off control method of the battery management system.
When the whole vehicle has a high-low voltage power-on demand, as shown in fig. 2, the high-low voltage power-on flow chart is shown, after low-voltage power supply is powered on, the dual-branch redundant battery management system performs self-checking, after the self-checking is completed and no fault exists, the battery management system controls to pull in a main negative contactor connected to the negative electrode of the power battery, and after the dual-branch redundant battery management system receives an instruction which is sent by a whole vehicle microcomputer system and allows to pull in a main positive contactor, the main positive contactor connected to the positive electrode of the power battery is pulled in, and high-voltage power-on is completed.
When the whole vehicle needs to be powered off:
after the whole vehicle microcomputer system sends a signal to disconnect a main loop contactor, the whole vehicle microcomputer system sends a power-off instruction to the dual-branch redundant battery management system, and a main control module A of the battery management system A and a main control module B of the battery management system B disconnect a main positive contactor and then a main negative contactor by sending instructions;
the main control module A and the main control module B acquire the vital signals of the other side in real time or at regular time, if the main control module of any branch receives the abnormal vital signal of the other main control module, one battery management system breaks down, the battery management system of the fault branch firstly sends a request for disconnecting the main positive contactor to the whole vehicle microcomputer system, the main positive contactor can be disconnected after the permission of the whole vehicle microcomputer system, and if the whole vehicle microcomputer system does not permit or does not respond, the battery management system of the fault branch automatically sends an instruction for disconnecting the main positive contactor at a set time and then disconnects the main negative contactor.
When the main control module of any branch of the dual-branch redundant battery management system has abnormal driving fault and can not normally disconnect the main positive contactor or the main negative contactor, the battery management system of the branch sends a request for manually disconnecting the main negative relay to the whole vehicle microcomputer system, and the whole vehicle microcomputer system displays the request in the instrument so that a driver manually disconnects the high-voltage loop.
When the low-voltage and low-voltage requirements are detected, the whole vehicle microcomputer system judges the state of the system, whether low-voltage and low-voltage are allowed or not is judged by the microcomputer system according to the current condition of the system, whether the current system has the condition of low-voltage power failure or not is mainly judged, and if the current system does the action of storing important parameters, the power failure is not allowed; and if the low-voltage is allowed to be reduced, sending a low-voltage reduction request to the dual-branch redundant battery management system, storing the current data and state records by the dual-branch redundant battery management system, and sending a low-voltage reduction preparation state to the finished automobile microcomputer system for low-voltage reduction after the current data and state records are stored.
Claims (10)
1. Redundant battery management system, its characterized in that: the system comprises a battery management system in communication connection with a whole vehicle microcomputer system, wherein the battery management system comprises a battery management system A and a battery management system B which are arranged in a redundant manner, the battery management system A and the battery management system B which are arranged in the redundant manner comprise a main control module and a battery system submodule which are arranged in the redundant manner, and the main control module A of the battery management system A is connected with a set of battery system submodules through at least one path of CAN bus; and the main control module B of the battery management system B is connected with another set of battery system sub-modules through at least one path of CAN bus to form a dual-branch redundant battery management system.
2. The redundant battery management system according to claim 1, wherein: and the master control module A and the master control module B are respectively connected with the insulation detector through one CAN bus.
3. The redundant battery management system according to claim 1, wherein:
and the main control module A is in communication connection with the main control module B.
4. The redundant battery management system according to claim 1, wherein:
the battery management submodule is the prior art and can be called a battery management system slave control or a battery management system daughter board.
5. The redundant battery management system according to claim 1, wherein:
the main control module A and the main control module B are conventional technologies.
6. A redundancy management method applied to the battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:
under the condition that a double-branch redundant battery management system A and a battery management system B work normally, a main control module A and a main control module B both carry out information interaction with a finished automobile microcomputer system, and the main control module of one battery management system is used as a main control panel to carry out finished automobile battery management;
the main control module A and the main control module B acquire vital signals of the other side in real time or at regular time, when the main control module of one branch fails, the main control module of the other branch receives the abnormal vital signals of the main control module of the branch, and judges that the main control module of the failed branch does not work normally, and then the main control module of the battery management system of the other branch is used as a main control board to manage the whole vehicle battery.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein:
when the main control module A and the main control module B acquire the vital signals of the other side in real time or at regular time, and after the main control module of one branch fails, the fault processing of the failed branch comprises at least one of the following steps:
(1) performing character or sound-light alarm in a microcomputer system of the whole vehicle;
(2) when power limiting processing is required, the battery management system reduces power output;
(3) and a relay for disconnecting the fault branch from the battery management subsystem.
8. A power-on and power-off control method applied to the battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: when the whole vehicle needs high-voltage electrification:
after the low-voltage power supply is powered on, the dual-branch redundant battery management system carries out self-checking, after the self-checking is finished and no fault exists, the battery management system controls to pull in a main negative contactor connected to the negative electrode of the power battery, when the dual-branch redundant battery management system receives an instruction which is sent by a whole vehicle microcomputer system and allows the main positive contactor to be pulled in, the main positive contactor connected to the positive electrode of the power battery is pulled in, and the high-voltage power supply is finished;
when the whole vehicle needs to be powered off:
(1) after the main loop contactor of the whole vehicle is disconnected, the microcomputer system of the whole vehicle sends a power-off command to the dual-branch redundant battery management system, and the main control module A of the battery management system A and the main control module B of the battery management system B disconnect the main positive contactor and then disconnect the main negative contactor by sending commands;
(2) when one of the battery management systems breaks down, the battery management system firstly sends a request for disconnecting the main positive contactor to the whole vehicle microcomputer system, the main positive contactor can be disconnected after the whole vehicle microcomputer system allows, and if the whole vehicle microcomputer system does not allow or does not respond, the battery management system of the fault branch automatically sends an instruction for disconnecting the main positive contactor at a set time and then disconnects the main negative contactor.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein:
when the main control module of any branch of the dual-branch redundant battery management system has abnormal driving fault and can not normally disconnect the main positive contactor or the main negative contactor, the battery management system of the branch sends a request for manually disconnecting the main negative relay to the whole vehicle microcomputer system, and the whole vehicle microcomputer system displays the request in the instrument so that a driver manually disconnects the high-voltage loop.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein:
when the low-voltage power-down requirement is detected, the whole vehicle microcomputer system judges the system state and whether the low-voltage power-down is allowed or not; and if the low-voltage power-down is allowed, sending a low-voltage power-down request to the dual-branch redundant battery management system, storing the current data by the dual-branch redundant battery management system, and then sending a low-voltage power-down preparation state to the finished automobile microcomputer system for low-voltage power-down.
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| CN113859156A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-31 | 中国北方车辆研究所 | Redundant formula intelligent power distribution management system of unmanned vehicles |
| CN114148174A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-08 | 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司 | Battery management module, working method thereof, battery management system and electric vehicle |
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