CN111219286B - A floating water turbine unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating type hydraulic turbine unit, which relates to the technical field of mechanical power.A flange plate of an upper adjusting ball at the upper end of an upper adjusting rod is connected with the upper adjusting rod, a sliding rod groove is arranged at the lower end of the upper adjusting rod, a cross rod at the upper end of a lower adjusting rod is movably arranged in the sliding rod groove up and down, and the lower end of the lower adjusting rod is connected with the sliding groove in a sliding way by a lower adjusting ball; the traction ball is embedded in the flange plate, and the lower end of the traction ball is fixed with a wire outlet pipe. The floating type hydraulic turbine can stably work in seawater, can fully utilize the waves in the seawater to generate electricity, can emit extremely stable current, technically overcomes the defect of a floating type hydraulic turbine unit on the market, greatly improves the technical level, and is particularly suitable for offshore work.

Description

A floating water turbine unit

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical power, in particular to a floating hydraulic turbine unit.

Background technique

Hydroelectric power is the most widely used technology. The construction of the powerhouse of a hydropower station needs to meet certain topographic, geological, hydrological and other conditions, and it is extremely difficult to construct. The water level and water volume requirements are relatively high during the working process. Extensive natural rivers, lakes, artificial canals, and seawater have low or even unexploited water energy utilization. If a floating water turbine unit can be provided, power generation can be generated by using waves in seawater to provide power without the need to build a power plant. The waves in seawater have high utilization value, but the utilization rate is very low. Providing this floating turbine unit can make better use of seawater resources.

At present, there are a variety of floating turbine units, but the existing floating turbine units still have certain difficulties in stable operation in water, cannot make full use of the waves in seawater to generate electricity, and the generated current is also extremely unstable. There are deficiencies.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a reasonably designed floating water turbine unit, which can not only work stably in seawater, but also make full use of waves in seawater to generate electricity, and the generated current is also It is extremely stable, and in terms of technology, it also makes up for the shortcomings of floating turbine units on the market, greatly improving the technical level, especially for offshore work.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: it includes an upper part structure, a middle part structure and a lower part structure; wherein the upper part structure includes an upper adjusting rod, a lower adjusting rod, a flange, a wire outlet pipe, a traction ball, Sliding groove, up-adjusting ball, down-adjusting ball; the upper adjusting rod is connected by the up-adjusting ball-receiving flange on its upper end, the lower end of the upper adjusting rod is provided with a sliding rod groove, and the cross bar at the upper end of the lower adjusting rod is arranged to move up and down on the sliding rod In the groove, the lower end of the lower adjusting rod is slidably connected with the sliding groove by means of the lowering ball; the traction ball is embedded in the flange, and the lower end of the traction ball is fixed with an outlet pipe;

The above-mentioned middle part structure is composed of an external structure and an internal structure; wherein, the external structure includes an upper balancer, a lower balancer, a cover, a cover fixing bolt, an upper balancer connecting rod, a lower balancer connecting rod, a main body cavity and an upper blade; The above internal structure includes upper shaft, lower shaft, upper and lower shaft connecting plates, fixing brackets, turbine, machine base, sealing material fixing bolts, upper bearing, lower bearing, No. 3 sealing material, upper bearing fixing plate, lower bearing fixing plate; several A sliding groove is fixed on the upper surface of the main body cavity. The main body cavity is an open-top structure. The open type is covered with a cover and fixed with cover fixing bolts. After the lower end of the outlet pipe passes through the cover, it is installed in the main body cavity. The upper part of the outer ring wall of the main body cavity is connected with the upper balancer by the upper balancer connecting rod, and the lower balancer is used on the outer ring wall of the main body cavity below the upper balancer. The connecting rod is connected with a lower balancer, and several upper blades are arranged between the upper balancer and the lower balancer; the above-mentioned hydraulic turbine is composed of a stator, a rotor and a stator fixing seat; the stator fixing seat is fixed on the fixing bracket, and the fixing bracket is fixed on the main body Inside the cavity, the stator is fixed in the stator fixing seat, the rotor is movably arranged in the stator, the upper shaft is fixed inside the rotor, the upper bearing is fixed on the upper end of the upper shaft, and the upper bearing is embedded and fixed in the upper bearing fixing plate. The bearing fixing plate is fixed on the upper surface of the machine base, the lower end of the upper shaft is fixed with a lower bearing, the lower bearing is embedded and fixed in the lower bearing fixing plate, the lower bearing fixing plate is fixed in the fixing bracket, and the lower end of the upper shaft uses the upper and lower shaft connection plates The lower shaft is connected; the No. 3 sealing material is fixed on the bottom of the main body cavity by several sealing material fixing bolts;

The above-mentioned lower part of the structure comprises a lower blade, a sealing groove, a hub fixing bolt, a lower shaft and a hub connecting plate, a hub and a lower blade connecting rod; The lower surface of the hub connecting plate is connected with a hub, and the lower outer ring surface of the lower end of the hub is connected with lower blades by a plurality of lower blade connecting rods; the above-mentioned upper shaft and lower shaft are hollow tube structures that pass through up and down, and the upper port of the upper shaft is outlet.

Further, a sealing groove is provided between the upper edge of the hub and the lower port of the main body cavity.

Further, a No. 1 sealing material is provided at the connection between the upper end of the outlet pipe and the traction ball.

Further, the connection between the outlet pipe and the cover is provided with No. 2 sealing material.

Further, the plurality of upper blades are distributed on the outer ring wall of the main body cavity in a twisted space structure.

Further, the upper vane and the lower vane are arranged in the opposite direction of the flow guide.

The working principle of the present invention:

Floating principle: After the hydraulic turbine unit is placed in the water, since the main cavity, upper balancer and lower balancer are designed as cavities, the density of the cavity is less than the density of the water body, and the buoyancy of the hydraulic turbine unit is greater than the gravity, then under the action of buoyancy, the hydraulic turbine will The group automatically floats on the water surface; through the upper balancer, lower balancer on the surface of the main cavity, and the upper blade of the twisted space structure between the upper and lower balancers, as well as the upper adjustment rod, the lower adjustment rod, the sliding rod slot, the sliding slot, the upper adjustment rod The adjustment system of the ball and the lower adjusting ball finally completes the automatic adjustment of the position of the hydraulic turbine unit in the water, so that the buoyancy received by the hydraulic turbine unit is equal to its own gravity, thus floating on the water surface;

Balance principle: When the turbine unit is just placed in the water body, the unit itself will be placed in the water body, and the water body will generate thrust on the unit itself. Since the thrust acts on the centroid, the generated moment; The gravity of the lower structure is greater than the gravity of the upper structure and the gravity of the upper structure inside the main cavity. Under the action of gravity, the unit will generate a rotating torque, which will make the hydraulic turbine rotate clockwise; during the rotation of the hydraulic turbine, the thrust does not act on the centroid point. , and there is a certain angle with the centroid line, a rotational moment will be generated, which will make the turbine rotate clockwise around the centroid point, and finally make the thrust re-act on the centroid point, and the rotational moment will be equal. Under the action of gravity and buoyancy , the turbine unit is vertically balanced in the water body;

Rotation principle: In the superstructure, when the turbine unit is placed in the water body, it will be affected by the water flow. Since the upper and lower balancer structures are both airfoils, when the water flow impacts the upper surfaces of the upper and lower balancers It will generate a great driving force to drive the main body cavity to rotate. When the water flow is higher than the upper surface of the upper balancer, the water will drop rapidly and fall to the upper blade. However, the upper blade is a distorted space structure, which falls from the surface of the upper balancer. The water just falls on the upper blade, which accelerates the relative rotation of the main body cavity; the upper blade is located between the upper balancer and the lower balancer, and the structure is a twisted space structure. Under the thrust of the water flow, it is easier to drive the main body cavity to rotate. ; In the lower structure, the lower blade is a twisted space structure, which is easy to rotate under the action of water flow, which drives the hub and the upper and lower shafts to rotate; the lower blade is installed in the opposite direction, and the water body just falls when it flows out from the upper blade. On the lower blade, it drives the lower blade to rotate, thereby driving the hub, the upper shaft and the lower shaft to rotate; when the water flow is higher than the surface of the lower balancer, the water will fall rapidly, and the falling water flow just falls on the lower blade and is brought to the lower blade for rotation. , so as to drive the hub, the upper shaft and the lower shaft to rotate;

Principle of power generation: When the turbine unit is placed in water, the rotational angular velocity of the upper blade is inconsistent with the rotational angular velocity of the lower blade due to the inconsistency between the velocity of the free surface of the water body and the inner velocity of the water body, and the rotational angular velocity of the upper blade is greater than that of the lower blade. Since the upper blade is fixed on the surface of the main body cavity, and the stator is located on the fixing bracket of the main body cavity, the stator rotates with the main body cavity and the upper blade, but the rotor is located on the shaft system and rotates with the lower blade and the hub. There is a speed difference between the rotor and the rotor, and the magnetic field line is cut to generate current; as the angular velocity of the upper blade increases, the angular velocity of the lower blade becomes smaller and smaller, and the angular velocity of the lower blade decreases within a certain period of time. When it reaches zero and rotates in reverse, the speed difference between the upper blade and the lower blade becomes larger and larger, and the cutting magnetic field line moves faster and faster; when the angular velocity of the upper blade is constant, the reverse rotation angular velocity of the lower blade also reaches a constant. , the speed difference between the upper and lower blades is also constant, and the generated current also reaches a stable state; finally, the generated current is exported through the outlet pipe;

Control principle: Insert the lead wire into the traction ball, put the hydraulic turbine unit into the water flow through the lead wire, and control the position of the hydraulic turbine unit in the water. When the hydraulic turbine unit is not required to work, pull the lead wire hard to destroy the balance of the hydraulic turbine unit in the water, so that the The work of the hydraulic turbine unit is stopped to achieve the purpose of controlling the work of the hydraulic turbine unit.

After the above structure is adopted, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a floating hydraulic turbine unit, which can not only work stably in seawater, but also can fully utilize the waves in seawater to generate electricity, and the generated current is also extremely stable , In terms of technology, it also makes up for the defects of floating turbine units on the market, greatly improving the technical level, especially for offshore work.

Description of drawings:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part A in FIG. 2 .

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the floating principle of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is the balance principle diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the rotation principle diagram of the present invention.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the power generation principle of the present invention.

Description of reference numbers:

Upper adjustment rod 1, lower adjustment rod 2, sliding rod groove 3, flange plate 4, outlet pipe 5, traction ball 6, No. 1 sealing material 7, sliding groove 8, up-adjustment ball 9, down-adjustment ball 10, upper balance 11, lower balancer 12, cover 13, cover fixing bolt 14, No. 2 sealing material 15, upper balancer connecting rod 16, lower balancer connecting rod 17, main body cavity 18, upper blade 19, upper shaft 20, lower Shaft 21, upper and lower shaft connecting plates 22, fixing bracket 23, turbine 24, stator 25, rotor 26, stator fixing seat 27, wire outlet 28, frame 29, sealing material fixing bolt 30, upper bearing 31, lower bearing 32, three No. sealing material 33, upper bearing fixing plate 34, lower bearing fixing plate 35, lower blade 36, sealing groove 37, hub fixing bolt 38, lower shaft and hub connecting plate 39, hub 40, lower blade connecting rod 41.

Detailed ways:

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical solutions: it includes an upper part structure, a middle part structure and a lower part structure; wherein the upper part structure includes an upper adjustment rod 1, a lower adjustment rod 2, a flange plate 4. Outlet pipe 5, traction ball 6, sliding groove 8, up-adjustment ball 9, down-adjustment ball 10; the upper adjustment rod 1 is connected by the upper adjustment ball 9 flange 4 at its upper end, and the lower end of the upper adjustment rod 1 is provided with a Slide bar slot 3, the cross bar at the upper end of the lower adjusting bar 2 is arranged in the slide bar slot 3 movably up and down, and the lower end of the lower adjusting bar 2 is slidably connected with the slide slot 8 by means of the lowering ball 10; the traction ball 6 is embedded in the slide bar slot 3. In the flange 4, the lower end of the traction ball 6 is fixed with the outlet pipe 5, and the connection is provided with a No. 1 sealing material 7;

The above-mentioned middle part structure is composed of an external structure and an internal structure; wherein, the external structure includes an upper balancer 11, a lower balancer 12, a cover 13, a cover fixing bolt 14, an upper balancer connecting rod 16, a lower balancer connecting rod 17, a main body The cavity 18 and the upper blade 19; the above-mentioned internal structure includes the upper shaft 20, the lower shaft 21, the upper and lower shaft connecting plates 22, the fixing bracket 23, the water turbine 24, the machine base 29, the sealing material fixing bolt 30, the upper bearing 31, the lower bearing 32 , No. 3 sealing material 33, upper bearing fixing plate 34, lower bearing fixing plate 35; a number of sliding grooves 8 are fixed on the upper surface of the main body cavity 18, the main body cavity 18 is an open-top structure, and the open-type middle cover is provided with And the cover 13 is fixed by the cover fixing bolts 14. After the lower end of the outlet pipe 5 passes through the cover 13, it is set in the main body cavity 18, and the connection between the outlet pipe 5 and the cover 13 is fixed, and the connection is provided with a No. 2 seal. Material 15; the upper part of the outer ring wall of the main body cavity 18 is connected with the upper balancer 11 by the upper balancer connecting rod 16, and the outer ring wall of the main body cavity 18 below the upper balancer 11 is connected with the lower balancer connecting rod 17 on the outer ring wall There is a lower balancer 12, a plurality of upper blades 19 are arranged between the upper balancer 11 and the lower balancer 12, and the plurality of upper blades 19 are fixed on the outer ring wall of the main body cavity 18 in a twisted space structure; the above-mentioned water turbine 24 It consists of a stator 25, a rotor 26 and a stator fixing seat 27; the stator fixing seat 27 is fixed on the fixing bracket 23, the fixing bracket 23 is fixed inside the main body cavity 18, the stator 25 is fixed in the stator fixing seat 27, and the stator 25 is movable inside A rotor 26 is provided, an upper shaft 20 is fixed inside the rotor 26, an upper bearing 31 is fixed on the upper end of the upper shaft 20, the upper bearing 31 is embedded and fixed in the upper bearing fixing plate 34, and the upper bearing fixing plate 34 is fixed on the machine base 29 The upper surface of the upper shaft 20 is fixed with a lower bearing 32, the lower bearing 32 is embedded and fixed in the lower bearing fixing plate 35, the lower bearing fixing plate 35 is fixed in the fixing bracket 23, and the lower end of the upper shaft 20 uses the upper and lower shaft connection plates 22 is connected with the lower shaft 21; the No. 3 sealing material 33 is fixed on the inner bottom of the main body cavity 18 by several sealing material fixing bolts 30;

The above-mentioned lower part of the structure includes the lower blade 36, the sealing groove 37, the hub fixing bolt 38, the lower shaft and the hub connecting plate 39, the hub 40 and the lower blade connecting rod 41; The hub 40 is connected with the hub connecting plate 39, the lower surface of the lower shaft and the hub connecting plate 39 is connected with a hub 40, a sealing groove 37 is provided between the upper edge of the hub 40 and the lower port of the main body cavity 18, and the outer ring surface of the lower end of the hub 40 is provided The lower vanes 36 are connected by a plurality of lower vane connecting rods 41, and the upper vanes 19 and the lower vanes 36 are arranged in a direction opposite to the direction of flow; The upper port is the outlet port 28.

The working principle of this specific embodiment:

Referring to Figure 4, the principle of floating: after the hydraulic turbine unit is placed in the water, since the main body cavity 18, the upper balancer 11 and the lower balancer 12 are designed as cavities, the cavity density is less than the density of the water body, and the buoyancy of the hydraulic turbine unit is greater than gravity, Under the action of buoyancy, the water turbine unit automatically floats on the water surface; the upper balancer 11, the lower balancer 12 on the surface of the main body cavity 18, the upper blade 19 of the twisted space structure between the upper and lower balancers, etc. Adjustment rod 2, sliding rod groove 3, sliding groove 8, upper adjustment ball (9), lower adjustment ball 10 and other adjustment systems, finally complete the automatic adjustment of the position of the hydraulic turbine in the water, so that F _{float 1} = G1, floating on the water surface superior;

Referring to Figure 5, the principle of balance: when the turbine unit is just placed in the water body, the unit itself will be placed in the water body, and the water body will generate a thrust F ₁ on the unit itself. Since the thrust force F ₁ acts on the centroid, the generated moment M ₁ = 0; because the gravity of the lower part of the main cavity 18 and the gravity of the lower structure are greater than the gravity of the upper part of the main cavity 18 and the gravity of the upper structure, under the action of gravity, the unit will generate a rotational moment _MG , which makes the turbine unit rotate clockwise ; During the rotation of the hydraulic turbine unit, the thrust F ₁ does not act on the centroid point, and there is a certain angle with the centroid line, which will generate a rotational moment M ₁ , which makes the hydraulic turbine unit rotate clockwise around the centroid point, and finally makes The thrust F ₁ acts on the centroid again, the two torques (M ₁ , M ₂ ) generated by the two thrusts received on the opposite surfaces of the hydraulic turbine unit, and the rotational moment M ₁ =M ₂ =0, in Under the action of gravity G2 and F _{float 2} , the turbine unit is vertically balanced in the water body;

Referring to Figure 6, the principle of rotation: in the upper structure, when the hydraulic turbine unit is placed in the water body, it will be affected by the water flow. Since the upper balancer 11 and the lower balancer 12 are both airfoil structures, the water flow impacts the upper balancer 11. When it reaches the upper surface of the lower balancer 12, a great driving force will be generated, which will drive the main body cavity 18 to rotate. When the water flow is higher than the upper surface of the upper balancer 11, the water will drop rapidly and fall to the upper blade 19. However, the upper blade 19 In order to twist the space structure, the water falling from the surface of the upper balancer 11 just falls on the upper blade 19, which accelerates the relative rotation of the main body cavity 18; the upper blade 19 is located between the upper balancer 11 and the lower balancer 12, and the structure is a twisted space In the lower structure, the lower blade 36 is a twisted space structure, which is easy to rotate under the action of the water flow, and drives the hub 40 and the upper shaft 20, The lower shaft 21 rotates; the lower blade 36 is installed in the opposite direction. When the water body flows out from the upper blade 19, it just falls onto the lower blade 36, driving the lower blade 36 to rotate, thereby driving the hub 40, the upper shaft 20, and the lower shaft 21 to rotate When the water flow is higher than the surface of the lower balancer 12, the water body falls rapidly, and the falling water flow just falls on the lower blade 36, and is brought to the lower blade 36 to rotate, thereby driving the hub 40, the upper shaft 20, and the lower shaft 21 to rotate;

Referring to Fig. 7, the principle of power generation: when the hydraulic turbine unit is placed in the water, the rotational angular velocity W1 of the upper blade 19 is inconsistent with the rotational angular velocity W2 of the lower blade 36 due to the inconsistency between the flow velocity of the free surface of the water body and the inner flow velocity of the water body, and W1 is greater than W2, Since the upper blade 19 is fixed on the surface of the main body cavity 18, and the stator 25 is located on the fixing bracket 23 of the main body cavity 18, the stator 25 rotates together with the main body cavity 18 and the upper blade 19, but the rotor 26 is located in the shaft system (the upper shaft 20. On the lower shaft 21), with the lower blade 36 and the hub 40 rotating together, due to the speed difference between the stator 25 and the rotor 26, the magnetic field line movement is performed to generate current; as the angular velocity W1 of the upper blade 19 increases The angular velocity W2 of the lower blade 36 becomes smaller and smaller, and the angular velocity W2 of the lower blade 36 decreases to zero and rotates in the opposite direction within a certain period of time, and the speed difference between the upper blade 19 and the lower blade 36 becomes larger and larger. , the cutting magnetic field line moves faster and faster; when the angular velocity W1 of the upper blade 19 is constant, the reverse rotation angular velocity W2 of the lower blade 36 is also constant, and the speed difference between the upper and lower blades is also constant. Steady state; finally, the generated current is exported through the outlet pipe 5;

Control principle: Insert the lead wire into the traction ball 6, put the hydraulic turbine unit into the water flow through the lead wire, and control the position of the hydraulic turbine unit in the water. When the hydraulic turbine unit is not required to work, pull the lead wire hard to destroy the balance of the hydraulic turbine unit in the water. The work of the hydraulic turbine unit is stopped, and the purpose of controlling the work of the hydraulic turbine unit is achieved.

After adopting the above-mentioned structure, the beneficial effects of this specific embodiment are as follows:

1. Utilize the cavity structure of the main cavity and the balancer to achieve the floating of the turbine unit;

2. Use the upper and lower balancers, the upper blades of the twisted space structure and the upper adjustment system to achieve the balance of the turbine unit;

3. Use the upper and lower blades of several twisted space structures and the upper and lower balancer airfoil design structures, as well as the free flow of the water body, to achieve the rotation of the turbine unit;

4. Using the difference between the free surface of the water body and the flow velocity inside the water body, the difference in the rotational angular velocity of the upper blade and the lower blade will eventually lead to a speed difference between the rotor and the stator movement, and the magnetic field line will be cut to generate current to achieve the purpose of generating electricity for the turbine unit;

5. Utilize the action of the traction ball on the top of the turbine unit, and achieve the purpose of controlling the work of the unit by interspersing the lead wires and artificially controlling it.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a float hydraulic turbine group of formula which characterized in that: it comprises an upper part structure, a middle part structure and a lower part structure; the upper and lower part structure comprises an upper adjusting rod (1), a lower adjusting rod (2), a flange plate (4), a wire outlet pipe (5), a traction ball (6), a sliding groove (8), an upper adjusting ball (9) and a lower adjusting ball (10); the upper adjusting rod (1) is connected with the flange plate (4) through an upper adjusting ball (9) at the upper end of the upper adjusting rod, the lower end of the upper adjusting rod (1) is provided with a sliding rod groove (3), a cross rod at the upper end of the lower adjusting rod (2) is movably arranged in the sliding rod groove (3) up and down, and the lower end of the lower adjusting rod (2) is connected with a sliding groove (8) through a lower adjusting ball (10) in a sliding manner; the traction ball (6) is embedded in the flange plate (4), the lower end of the traction ball (6) is fixed with a wire outlet pipe (5), and a first sealing material (7) is arranged at the joint of the upper end of the wire outlet pipe (5) and the traction ball (6);

the middle part structure consists of an external structure and an internal structure; wherein the outer structure comprises an upper balancer (11), a lower balancer (12), a cover (13), a cover fixing bolt (14), an upper balancer connecting rod (16), a lower balancer connecting rod (17), a body cavity (18), and an upper blade (19); the internal structure comprises an upper shaft (20), a lower shaft (21), an upper and lower shaft connecting disc (22), a fixing support (23), a water turbine (24), a machine base (29), a sealing material fixing bolt (30), an upper bearing (31), a lower bearing (32), a third sealing material (33), an upper bearing fixing disc (34) and a lower bearing fixing disc (35); the plurality of sliding grooves (8) are fixed on the upper surface of the main body cavity (18), the main body cavity (18) is of an upper end opening type structure, a cover (13) is covered and fixed by a cover fixing bolt (14) in the opening type structure, the lower end of the wire outlet pipe (5) penetrates through the cover (13) and then is arranged in the main body cavity (18), and the wire outlet pipe (5) is fixedly connected with the cover (13); a second sealing material (15) is arranged at the joint of the outlet pipe (5) and the cover (13); the upper part of the outer ring wall of the main body cavity (18) is connected with an upper balancer (11) by an upper balancer connecting rod (16), the outer ring wall of the main body cavity (18) below the upper balancer (11) is connected with a lower balancer (12) by a lower balancer connecting rod (17), and a plurality of upper blades (19) are arranged between the upper balancer (11) and the lower balancer (12); the water turbine (24) is composed of a stator (25), a rotor (26) and a stator fixing seat (27); a stator fixing seat (27) is fixed on a fixing support (23), the fixing support (23) is fixed inside a main body cavity (18), a stator (25) is fixed in the stator fixing seat (27), a rotor (26) is movably arranged in the stator (25), an upper shaft (20) is fixed inside the rotor (26), an upper bearing (31) is fixed at the upper end of the upper shaft (20), the upper bearing (31) is embedded and fixed in an upper bearing fixing disk (34), the upper bearing fixing disk (34) is fixed on the upper surface of a machine base (29), a lower bearing (32) is fixed at the lower end of the upper shaft (20), the lower bearing (32) is embedded and fixed in a lower bearing fixing disk (35), the lower bearing fixing disk (35) is fixed in the fixing support (23), and the lower end of the upper shaft (20) is connected with the lower shaft (21) through an upper shaft connecting disk (22); the third sealing material (33) is fixed at the bottom in the main cavity (18) by a plurality of sealing material fixing bolts (30);

the lower part structure comprises a lower blade (36), a sealing groove (37), a hub fixing bolt (38), a lower shaft and hub connecting disc (39), a hub (40) and a lower blade connecting rod (41); the lower end of the lower shaft (21) is connected with a lower shaft and hub connecting disc (39) by a hub fixing bolt (38), the lower surface of the lower shaft and hub connecting disc (39) is connected with a hub (40), and the outer ring surface of the lower end of the hub (40) is connected with lower blades (36) by a plurality of lower blade connecting rods (41); the upper shaft (20) and the lower shaft (21) are hollow tube structures which are vertically communicated, and the upper end opening of the upper shaft (20) is a wire outlet (28).

2. A floating hydraulic turbine assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: a sealing groove (37) is arranged between the upper edge of the hub (40) and the lower port of the main body cavity (18).

3. A floating hydraulic turbine assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: the upper blades (19) are distributed on the outer ring wall of the main body cavity (18) in a twisted space structure.

4. A floating hydraulic turbine assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: the upper blade (19) and the lower blade (36) are arranged in a way that the flow guiding directions are opposite.

5. A floating hydraulic turbine assembly according to claim 1, further comprising: the working principle is as follows:

the floating principle is as follows: after the water turbine set is placed in water, the water turbine set automatically floats on the water surface under the action of buoyancy because the main body cavity (18), the upper balancer (11) and the lower balancer (12) are designed as cavities, the density of the cavities is less than that of a water body, and the buoyancy borne by the water turbine set is greater than that of gravity; the automatic adjustment of the position of the water turbine set in water is finally completed through the action of an upper balancer (11) and a lower balancer (12) on the surface of a main body cavity (18) and an upper blade (19) of a twisted space structure between the upper balancer and the lower balancer as well as an adjusting system of an upper adjusting rod (1), a lower adjusting rod (2), a sliding rod groove (3), a sliding groove (8), an upper adjusting ball (9) and a lower adjusting ball (10), so that the buoyancy force borne by the water turbine set is equal to the gravity of the water turbine set, and the water turbine set floats on the water surface;

the balance principle is as follows: when the hydraulic turbine set is just placed in a water body, the set can be placed in the water body horizontally, the water body can generate thrust to the set, and the generated moment is 0 due to the effect of the thrust on the centroid; because the gravity of the lower part and the gravity of the lower structure in the main body cavity (18) are greater than the gravity of the upper part and the gravity of the upper structure in the main body cavity (18), the unit can generate a rotating moment under the action of the gravity, so that the hydraulic turbine unit rotates clockwise; in the rotation process of the water turbine set, thrust does not act on the centroid point and forms a certain angle with the centroid line, so that a rotation moment is generated, the water turbine set rotates clockwise around the centroid point, finally, the thrust acts on the centroid point again, the rotation moments are equal, and the water turbine set is vertically balanced in a water body under the action of gravity and buoyancy;

the rotation principle is as follows: in the upper structure, when the water turbine set is placed in a water body, the water turbine set is acted by water flow, as the upper balancer (11) and the lower balancer (12) are both in wing shapes, the water flow can generate great driving force when impacting the upper surfaces of the upper balancer (11) and the lower balancer (12) to drive the main body cavity (18) to rotate, when the water flow is higher than the upper surface of the upper balancer (11), the water body can rapidly fall down and fall onto the upper blades (19), however, the upper blades (19) are in twisted space structures, the water falling from the surface of the upper balancer (11) just falls onto the upper blades (19), and the relative rotation of the main body cavity (18) is accelerated; the upper blade (19) is positioned between the upper balancer (11) and the lower balancer (12) and is in a twisted space structure, and the main body cavity (18) is more easily driven to rotate under the thrust action of water flow; in the lower structure, the lower blade (36) is a twisted space structure and is easy to rotate under the action of water flow, so that the hub (40), the upper shaft (20) and the lower shaft (21) are driven to rotate; the lower blades (36) are installed in the opposite direction, when the water body flows out of the upper blades (19), the water body just falls onto the lower blades (36) to drive the lower blades (36) to rotate, so that the hub (40), the upper shaft (20) and the lower shaft (21) are driven to rotate; when the water flow is higher than the surface of the lower balancer (12), the water body can drop rapidly, and the falling water flow just drops on the lower blades (36) and drives the lower blades (36) to rotate, so that the hub (40), the upper shaft (20) and the lower shaft (21) are driven to rotate;

the power generation principle is as follows: when the water turbine set is placed in water, the rotating angular speed of the upper blade (19) is different from the rotating angular speed of the lower blade (36) due to the fact that the flow velocity of the free surface of the water body is different from the flow velocity of the inner portion of the water body, the rotating angular speed of the upper blade (19) is larger than the rotating angular speed of the lower blade (36), the upper blade (19) is fixed on the surface of the main cavity (18), and the stator (25) is located on the fixing support (23) of the main cavity (18), so that the stator (25) rotates along with the main cavity (18) and the upper blade (19), the rotor (26) is located on the shaft system and rotates along with the lower blade (36) and the hub (40), and magnetic induction line cutting movement is conducted due to the fact that the speed difference exists between the stator (25) and the rotor (26), and current is generated; as the angular speed of the upper blade (19) is larger and larger, so that the angular speed of the lower blade (36) is smaller and smaller, the angular speed of the lower blade (36) is reduced to zero and rotates reversely within a certain time, the speed difference between the upper blade (19) and the lower blade (36) is larger and larger, and the cutting magnetic induction line moves faster and faster; when the angular velocity of the upper blade (19) is constant, the reverse rotation angular velocity of the lower blade (36) is also constant, the velocity difference between the upper blade and the lower blade is also constant, and further the generated current is also in a stable state; finally, the generated current is led out through the wire outlet pipe (5);

the control principle is as follows: the lead is inserted into the traction ball (6), the hydraulic turbine set is placed into water flow through the lead, the position of the hydraulic turbine set in water is controlled, when the hydraulic turbine set does not need to work, the lead is pulled forcefully to destroy the balance of the hydraulic turbine set in water, so that the hydraulic turbine set stops working, and the purpose of controlling the hydraulic turbine set to work is achieved.

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