CN111244211A - An airship photovoltaic material device integrated structure and preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an airship photovoltaic material device integrated structure and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of aerospace equipment. An airship photovoltaic material device integrated structure sequentially comprises a skin material, a metal film, a thin-film solar cell and a transparent conductive film from bottom to top. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) laying a first mask M1 on the surface of the skin material; 2) depositing a metal film; 3) removing the first mask M1; 4) laying a second mask plate M2 and a third mask plate M3 on the metal film at the adjacent position after the first mask plate M1 is removed; 5) depositing a thin film solar cell; 6) removing the second mask M2; 7) depositing a transparent conductive film; 8) the third mask M3 is removed. The integrated structure of the airship photovoltaic material device has the material property of the skin and the energy property of the solar cell, and realizes two functions of one structure.

Description

An airship photovoltaic material device integrated structure and preparation method

technical field

The invention relates to an integrated structure of photovoltaic materials and devices for stratospheric airships and a preparation method, and belongs to the field of aerospace equipment.

Background technique

The development and utilization of adjacent space (20-100km in height) have always been paid great attention by the military of various countries. Due to the strong solar radiation and thin air in this space area, conventional aircraft or satellites cannot fly in this space for a long time. Therefore, the research and development of the near space airship has a very important strategic position in the future "near space warfare".

The skin materials and solar cell technology of stratospheric airships are the key technologies affecting the development of stratospheric airships. Judging from the published patents, such as CN102897330A and CN108163180A, the installation of solar cells on the skin material mostly adopts the method of "hanging connection", and the connection between the sub-units of solar cells also adopts external connection, which makes the installation operation more complicated. , and the processing damage and process micro-holes caused by the installation of solar cells on the surface of the skin will also introduce new influencing factors to the skin material and increase the gas permeability of the skin. Although the patent CN107819075A discloses a method for integrating the aerostat capsule material and the solar cell, it does not provide the connection method between the subunits of the solar cell. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the skin material for stratospheric airship and the structure and preparation method of solar cell device.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated structure of an airship photovoltaic material device and a preparation method. The invention integrates the skin material and the solar cell to form an integrated structure, which simplifies the installation process of the solar cell on the airship; the invention changes the connection between the solar cell sub-units from external connection to internal connection, reducing the number of solar cell subunits. The damage to the skin material caused by the connection between the units solves the problems raised in the above background art.

In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The utility model relates to an integrated structure of airship photovoltaic materials and devices, which sequentially includes a skin material, a metal film, a thin-film solar cell, and a transparent conductive film from bottom to top.

The skin material and the thin-film solar cell are an integrated structure;

The connection between the subunits of the thin film solar cell is connected with the transparent conductive film through the metal film.

A method for preparing an integrated structure of an airship photovoltaic material device, comprising the following steps:

1) Lay the first mask M1 on the surface of the skin material;

2) depositing metal thin films;

3) remove the first mask plate M1;

4) Lay the second and third mask plates M2 and M3 on the metal films at adjacent positions after removing the first mask plate M1;

5) Deposition of thin film solar cells;

6) remove the second mask plate M2;

7) depositing a transparent conductive film;

8) Remove the third mask M3.

Further, in the step 1), multiple rows of equidistant mask plates M1 are laid on the surface of the skin material, the distance between the mask plates is the width of the thin-film solar cell subunit, and the length of the mask plate is the thin-film solar cell sub-unit. The length of the battery sub-unit, the mask is rectangular, the thickness is 1mm or thicker, and the width is 3-5mm or narrower, and the length can be set according to actual needs;

Further, in the step 2), on the skin material after laying the first mask plate M1, a metal film, such as a silver film or an aluminum film, is deposited, and the method used is sputtering;

Further, in the step 3), after removing the first mask plate M1, the surface of the skin material removes the placement position of the first mask plate M1, and the remaining positions are plated with a metal film;

Further, in the step 4), the shapes and thicknesses of the second and third masks M2 and M3 are exactly the same as those of the first mask M1, and the placement directions of the second and third masks M2 and M3 are the same as those of M1. The placement direction is parallel, the placement position is on the same side as the original placement position of M1, and the positions of M1, M2 and M3 are directly and equally spaced, with a spacing of 1mm or less;

Further, in the step 5), after the thin film solar cell is deposited, the first mask plate M1 is placed at the original position, and the thin film solar cell is deposited on the mask plates M2 and M3;

Further, in the step 6), after the second mask plate M2 is removed, the original placement position of M2 has only a metal thin film and no thin-film solar cells;

Further, in the step 7), after depositing the transparent conductive film, a transparent conductive film is deposited on the original placement position of M2;

Further, in the step 8), the original placement position of M3 is only the metal film, and the two adjacent sub-battery cells are isolated by the positions of M1 and M3, and are connected in series by the metal film and the transparent conductive film at the position of M2.

Advantages and positive effects of the present invention:

The integrated structure of the airship photovoltaic material device prepared by the invention has both the function of the airship skin material and the power generation function of the solar cell. The use of the present invention has the following advantages: 1) the integrated structure of the airship photovoltaic material device of the present invention has both the material properties of the skin and the energy properties of the solar cell, realizing two functions of one structure; 2) the solar energy in the present invention The battery is directly integrated with the skin material, and no additional installation is required, which prevents damage to the skin material during the installation process of the solar battery; 3) The solar battery sub-unit in the present invention is completed by internal connection, and the connection method is simple and reliable, saving energy Installation cost; 4) The airship photovoltaic material device integrated structure of the present invention solves the problem of thermal coupling between the solar cell and the skin material during the working process.

Description of drawings

Figure 1. Cross-sectional view of the integrated structure of airship photovoltaic materials and devices;

Figure 2. Front view of the mask plate M1 on the surface of the skin material;

Figure 3. Sectional view after the mask M1 is laid on the surface of the skin material;

Figure 4. Sectional view after deposition of metal film;

Figure 5. Sectional view after removing mask M1;

Figure 6. Sectional view after laying masks M2 and M3;

Figure 7. Cross-sectional view after deposition of thin-film solar cells;

Figure 8. Sectional view after removing mask M2;

Figure 9. Cross-sectional view after deposition of a transparent conductive film.

Wherein, 1 is a skin material, 2 is a metal film, 3 is a thin-film solar cell, 4 is a transparent conductive film, and M1, M2, and M3 are the first, second, and third masks.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation method of the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments.

Example 1

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-9 through embodiments.

1. Lay a plurality of rows of first mask plates M1 with the same shape and equal distance on the skin material 1. The width and thickness of the first mask plate M1 are adjustable. In this embodiment, the width is 3 mm and the thickness is 1 mm. The distance between the membrane plates can be determined by the final sub-battery unit, which is 18mm in this embodiment, and the front view and cross-sectional view after laying the mask plate M1 are shown in Figures 2 and 3;

2. A metal film is deposited on the skin material after laying M1, in this embodiment, it is a silver film with a thickness of about 100 nm, and the method used is sputtering, and the cross-sectional view after depositing the metal film is shown in accompanying drawing 4;

3. The first mask plate M1 is then removed, and the cross-sectional view after removing the mask plate is shown in FIG. 5;

4. After removing the first mask plate M1, lay the second and third mask plates M2 and M3 near the original position of the first mask plate M1. The size and shape of M2 and M3 are exactly the same as those of M1, and the laying direction is the same as the original position of M1. The placement position is parallel and on the same side as the original placement position of M1. The distance between the original placement position of M1 and M2, and the distance between M2 and M3 are equal. In this embodiment, it is 1mm. After laying the second and third masks M2 and M3 The figure is shown in accompanying drawing 6;

5. After depositing a thin film solar cell, in the present embodiment, it is a perovskite thin film solar cell, the method used is a vacuum deposition method, and the thickness is about 300nm, and the cross-sectional view after the deposition of the thin film solar cell is shown in accompanying drawing 7;

6. After removing the second mask plate M2, the cross-sectional view after removing the mask plate is shown in FIG. 8;

7. After depositing a transparent conductive film, which is an ITO film in the present embodiment, the thickness is about 100 nm, the method used is sputtering, and the cross-sectional view after the deposition of the transparent conductive film is shown in accompanying drawing 9;

8. After removing the third mask plate M3, an integrated structure of the airship photovoltaic material and device of the perovskite solar cell can be obtained. The cross-sectional view of the mask plate M3 removed is shown in FIG. 1 .

Example 2

According to the preparation method described in Example 1, the silver thin film is changed to an aluminum thin film, and an integrated structure of the airship photovoltaic material device of the perovskite solar cell can also be obtained.

Example 3

According to the preparation method described in Example 1, the preparation method of the perovskite solar cell is changed to inkjet printing, and the integrated structure of the airship photovoltaic material device of the perovskite solar cell can also be obtained.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Several substitutions or modifications made on the premise of not departing from the concept of the present invention, with similar performance or the same use, should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an airship photovoltaic material device integrated structure is characterized in that: The integrated structure of the photovoltaic material device of the airship includes a skin material (1), a metal film (2), a thin film solar cell (3), and a transparent conductive film (4) in sequence from bottom to top; Two or more metal thin films (2) spaced apart from each other are arranged on the upper surface of the skin material (1). Two or more thin-film solar cells (3) sub-cell units spaced apart from each other are arranged on the upper surface of the first spaced area, and the spaced area between adjacent thin-film solar cells (3) is called a second spaced area. Two or more transparent conductive films (4) spaced apart from each other are arranged on the upper surfaces of the battery (3) and the second spaced region, and the spaced region between adjacent transparent conductive films (4) is called the third spaced region; The projections of the first spaced area, the second spaced area, and the third spaced area on the surface of the skin material (1) are arranged at intervals from each other in sequence. 2. The integrated structure of airship photovoltaic material device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thin-film solar cell (3) device takes the skin material (1) as a substrate, and the two are integrated into one body, and has two functions of an airship skin material and an energy device. 3. The integrated structure of airship photovoltaic materials and devices according to claim 1, wherein the sub-cells of the thin-film solar cell (3) are connected in such a way that the current of the sub-cells flows downward after the transparent conductive film (4) is collected. A metal thin film (2) of a sub-battery unit forms a series connection between the sub-battery units to form a thin-film solar cell (3). 4 . The integrated structure of airship photovoltaic materials and devices according to claim 1 , wherein the metal thin films include but are not limited to one or more of silver thin films or aluminum thin films. 5 . 5. The transparent conductive film according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film includes but is not limited to one or more of the transparent conductive films such as FTO, AZO, BZO, ITO, GZO or YZO. 6. The integrated structure of airship photovoltaic materials and devices as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thin film solar cells include but are not limited to perovskite solar cells, organic solar cells, dye-sensitized solar cells, and quantum dot solar cells. One or more than two types of composite batteries. 7. A method for preparing the integrated structure of airship photovoltaic materials and devices according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the preparation of thin-film solar cells on the surface of the skin material comprises the following steps: 1) Lay one or more first masks (M1) spaced apart from each other on the surface of the skin material; 2) depositing metal thin films; 3) Remove the mask (M1); 4) After removing the first mask plate (M1), lay one or more second masks (M2) spaced apart from each other on the metal film adjacent to each first mask plate (M1) and one or more third masks (M3) spaced apart from each other; the first mask (M1), the second mask (M2), and the third mask (M3) are arranged at intervals from each other in turn ; 5) Deposition of thin film solar cells; 6) Remove the second mask (M2); 7) depositing a transparent conductive film; 8) Remove the third mask (M3). 8 . The preparation method according to claim 7 , wherein the preparation of the metal film or the transparent conductive film includes but is not limited to one or more of sputtering, thermal evaporation or other methods. 9 . 9. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the preparation of the thin film solar cell includes but is not limited to one or more of vacuum deposition, solution blade coating, solution spin coating, inkjet printing or other methods .

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