CN111256531B - Gun body structure of supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun - Google Patents
Gun body structure of supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun Download PDFInfo
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- CN111256531B CN111256531B CN202010126450.0A CN202010126450A CN111256531B CN 111256531 B CN111256531 B CN 111256531B CN 202010126450 A CN202010126450 A CN 202010126450A CN 111256531 B CN111256531 B CN 111256531B
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- carbon dioxide
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 186
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
- F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
- F41B11/70—Details not provided for in F41B11/50 or F41B11/60
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
- F41B11/80—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns specially adapted for particular purposes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种超临界二氧化碳气体炮的炮身结构，用于抗震救灾、紧急救援等场合中的抢险救援，由二氧化碳装液组件、加速段组件和炮管组件三部分构成。发热管内镁粉通过电火花引燃后释放大量热量，使装液管内的二氧化碳温度、压力急剧升高，迅速达到超临界状态。当压力超过爆破片的破坏极限，二氧化碳迅速喷射推动弹丸。其中本发明中的加速连接段由加速段和反冲段组成，显著提升了炮弹的出口速度，同时显著减小了炮管长度。本发明具有结构简单，安全可靠，快速填装，便携高效的优点，适用于抢险救援。
The invention provides a cannon body structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon, which is used for emergency rescue in earthquake and disaster relief, emergency rescue and other occasions. The magnesium powder in the heating tube is ignited by an electric spark and releases a lot of heat, which makes the temperature and pressure of the carbon dioxide in the liquid-filled tube rise sharply, and quickly reaches the supercritical state. When the pressure exceeds the rupture limit of the rupture disc, carbon dioxide is rapidly ejected to propel the projectile. Wherein, the acceleration connecting section in the present invention is composed of an acceleration section and a recoil section, which significantly improves the exit speed of the shell and at the same time significantly reduces the length of the gun barrel. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, safety and reliability, quick filling, portability and high efficiency, and is suitable for emergency rescue.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas gun, in particular to a gun body structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun.
Background
In the occasions of earthquake relief, emergency rescue and the like, blasting equipment with long operation distance, high safety and stability and good portability is required. However, the traditional artillery has large destructiveness, high danger and low maneuverability, and is not suitable for emergency rescue. The gas gun is a device which uses aerodynamic principle, uses compressed gas as working medium, instantaneously converts gas pressure energy into air jet kinetic energy by a differential pressure device and a quick exhaust valve capable of realizing automatic control and generates strong impact force, and the gas gun has the capability of launching shots at high speed, and the impact loading of the gas gun can generate impact wave pressure of hundreds of MPa to hundreds of GPa in solid materials. The higher the gas pressure energy is, the higher the acceleration of the instantaneously discharged gas flow is, the higher the air jet power energy is, and the stronger the impact force generated by the gas cannon is. The strong driving force of high-speed airflow discharged instantly by explosion of the gas gun is utilized, and the high-acceleration impact mechanical environment is easy to realize. Due to the characteristics, the gas gun technology is gradually applied to the fields of emergency rescue and relief work, emergency rescue, army daily training and the like. However, the existing gas gun using light gas has high gas danger and high power consumption when compressing gas, and the structural design characteristics of the existing gas gun result in that the existing gas gun has larger recoil, the length of a gun barrel is relatively longer, more ammunition amount is needed, the safety needs to be further improved, the cost is relatively higher, the filling speed is relatively slow, and additional equipment is more, so the existing gas gun is difficult to carry, and the popularization and application of the gas gun are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects and the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gun body structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun, which improves the blasting effect and the safety of a shell, improves the speed of the shell, reduces the recoil, greatly shortens the length of a gun barrel, reduces the amount of ammunition and improves the portability and the economical efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun by improving the accelerating structure of the gas gun.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun comprises a carbon dioxide liquid filling component, an accelerating section component and a gun barrel component which are sequentially arranged and fixedly and hermetically connected, and is characterized in that,
the carbon dioxide liquid filling assembly comprises a liquid container for containing carbon dioxide in a gas-liquid mixed state, a heating tube extending into the container space is arranged at the rear end of the liquid container, and a bursting disc is fixedly arranged in an outlet pipeline at the front end of the liquid container, wherein the heating tube is used for heating the carbon dioxide in the gas-liquid mixed state in the liquid container when being started to form supercritical carbon dioxide gas; the rupture disk has a failure limit, and is damaged by shearing force when the pressure of the carbon dioxide in the liquid container exceeds the failure limit;
-the acceleration section assembly comprises an acceleration section inner ring and an acceleration section outer ring which are coaxially arranged, wherein the rear end of the acceleration section outer ring is coaxially and fixedly connected with the outlet pipeline at the front end of the liquid container in a sealing manner; the inner ring of the acceleration section is fixedly arranged in the middle of the outer ring of the acceleration section, the inner ring of the acceleration section comprises a contraction section and an expansion section which extend along the axis, the length of the expansion section is greater than that of the contraction section, and a transition section between the contraction section and the expansion section forms a throat part; the outer ring of the acceleration section is provided with a backflushing air hole, and the backflushing air hole is positioned at the upstream of the inner ring of the acceleration section in the axis direction;
-said barrel assembly comprising a barrel having a rear end in coaxial fixed sealing engagement with a front end of said acceleration section outer ring, said barrel being adapted to receive and launch projectiles having an outer diameter corresponding to an inner diameter of said barrel.
Preferably, the liquid container is a carbon dioxide liquid charging pipe, a sealing plug is fixedly arranged at the rear end of the carbon dioxide liquid charging pipe, the heating pipe is fixedly arranged on the sealing plug, and the tail end of the heating pipe penetrates through the sealing plug and extends into the carbon dioxide liquid charging pipe; the front end of the carbon dioxide liquid filling pipe is formed into a carbon dioxide outlet pipeline, and the rupture disk is fixedly arranged in the carbon dioxide outlet pipeline. In the present invention, the rupture disk is required to have a high tensile strength and a high elongation rate so as not to be too thick, and the rupture disk is selected to have a thickness of 4mm in this example. When the pressure exceeds the damage limit of the rupture disk, the rupture disk is damaged by shearing force, and carbon dioxide is rapidly sprayed.
Furthermore, the interior of the heating tube is filled with magnesium powder and is connected with an external electric ignition device through an initiation head. Preferably, the filling amount of the magnesium powder is ensured to ensure that the heat released by the magnesium powder enables the carbon dioxide filled in the liquid container in a gas-liquid mixed state to reach a supercritical state after being heated. More preferably, to ensure the heating rate, the filling amount of the magnesium powder should ensure that the heat released by the magnesium powder is 3 times of the required heat value. The filling amount of the magnesium powder is calculated according to the heat value, the heat value required by isentropic expansion is firstly calculated, and the total heat value is set to be 3 times of the required heat value in consideration of the heating rate. The magnesium powder is ignited by electric spark to burn and release a large amount of heat, so that the temperature and the pressure of the carbon dioxide in the liquid filling pipe are increased rapidly to reach a supercritical state.
Further, a carbon dioxide filling device is further arranged on the sealing plug, and the carbon dioxide filling device is used for filling carbon dioxide in a gas-liquid mixed state into the liquid filling container.
Preferably, the rear end of the outer ring of the acceleration section is coaxially, fixedly and hermetically connected with an outlet pipeline at the front end of the liquid container through a first switching section.
Furthermore, the front end and the rear end of the first switching section are both of threaded structures, and a detachable connecting structure between the outer ring of the accelerating section and the outlet pipeline at the rear end of the liquid container is formed through the threaded structures.
Preferably, a plurality of recoil air holes which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer ring of the acceleration section, and the axis of each recoil air hole is arranged at an obtuse angle with the outlet direction of the gas cannon (namely, the axis of each recoil air hole is opposite to the shooting direction of the cannonball). The outer ring of the acceleration section is provided with a recoil air hole, and the purpose is to reduce the recoil force of the gas gun.
Preferably, the length of the expanding section in the accelerating section inner ring is about twice that of the contracting section, and a throat part with a gentle transition is formed between the expanding section and the contracting section. After the acceleration of the acceleration section, the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide reaches a supersonic state.
Preferably, the rear end of the gun barrel is coaxially, fixedly and hermetically connected with the front end of the outer ring of the acceleration section through a second switching section.
Furthermore, the front end and the rear end of the second switching section are both of threaded structures, and the detachable connecting structure between the gun barrel and the outer ring of the acceleration section is formed through the threaded structures. After each blasting task, the shell is loaded by disassembling the second adapter section. Along with the filling and compressibility of the gas, the gas is gradually filled into the gun barrel to push the projectile to move and accelerate to push out to complete the blasting task.
Preferably, the gas cannon further comprises a rear handle disposed at the rear portion thereof, a middle handle disposed at the middle portion thereof, and a front handle disposed at the front portion thereof. The rear handle, the middle handle and the front handle are connected with the supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun through screw structures, so that the rear handle, the middle handle and the front handle are convenient to disassemble and assemble. Embossing is provided on each handle to increase friction.
Preferably, the accelerating section outer ring and the outer wall of the gun barrel are respectively provided with an accelerating section hoop and a gun barrel hoop which are fixedly connected through a fastener, so that the connection tightness of the gas gun and the rigidity of the gun barrel are increased.
According to the gun body structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun, in order to improve the portability of the carbon dioxide air gun, the carbon dioxide liquid filling assembly, the accelerating section assembly and the gun barrel assembly are in threaded sealing connection, so that the rapid assembly and disassembly can be realized; the carbon dioxide filling equipment is arranged to realize the on-site filling of the carbon dioxide, so that the high efficiency of earthquake relief is ensured; the carbon dioxide is ignited by the magnesium powder in the heating tube through electric sparks to release a large amount of heat, so that the carbon dioxide in the liquid containing tube quickly reaches a supercritical state; the pressure at the moment of blasting of the gas gun is controlled by the rupture disk, and the rupture disk not only can control the pressure at the moment of blasting and play a role of a quick valve, but also plays a role of sealing the supercritical carbon dioxide at the filling and heat absorption stages; the acceleration section component is in threaded connection with the connecting section and the acceleration section, so that the flexibility of replacing the acceleration section component can be realized; the accelerating section is provided with a certain number of reverse punching holes in the opposite direction of the shooting of the cannonball so as to reduce the reverse punching force of the supercritical carbon dioxide cannon, the diameter of the reverse punching holes is not too large, and then the optimal solution is sought between the reduction of recoil force of the cannonball and the reduction of pneumatic loss of the cannonball; the acceleration section consists of an inner ring and an outer ring, and the supercritical carbon dioxide gas guns with different acceleration section outlet speeds are obtained by replacing different inner ring structures; the gun barrel assembly consists of an adapter, a shell and a gun barrel, and the accelerating section assembly and the shell assembly are connected through threads, so that the shell can be rapidly loaded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention has simple structure, small volume and convenient processing and carrying;
(2) the disassembly and the assembly are convenient, and the structure replacement of different target cannonball speeds is simple;
(3) the design of the recoil air hole greatly improves the safety of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun;
(4) the structural design of the acceleration section component can greatly improve the initial speed of the shell, enhance the blasting effect, shorten the length of the gun barrel and reduce the explosive amount.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the body structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a carbon dioxide liquid-containing assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an acceleration section assembly;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a barrel assembly;
fig. 5 is an application example diagram of the body structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide cannon of the invention.
Reference numerals: 100-carbon dioxide liquid charging component-, 101-carbon dioxide liquid charging pipe, 102-heating pipe, 103-detonating head, 104-carbon dioxide filling equipment, 105-rupture disk, 200-acceleration section component, 201-acceleration section inner ring, 202-acceleration section outer ring, 203-reverse punching hole, 204-first switching section, 300-gun barrel component, 301-gun barrel, 302-cannonball, 303-second switching section, 400-rear handle, 500-middle handle, 600-front handle, 701-acceleration section clamp, 702-gun barrel clamp and 703-fastening piece.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The following describes an embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings (fig. 1 to 5).
As shown in fig. 1, the body structure of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon of the present invention is composed of three parts, namely, a carbon dioxide liquid filling assembly 100, an acceleration section assembly 200 and a cannon barrel assembly 300, which are sequentially arranged, fixed and hermetically connected.
As shown in fig. 2, the carbon dioxide charging assembly 100 is composed of a carbon dioxide charging tube 101, a heat generating tube 102, a priming head 103, a carbon dioxide filling device 104, and a rupture disk 105. The carbon dioxide liquid-holding tube 101 has a liquid-holding tube volume of 0.0014m3The carbon dioxide filling mass was 0.9kg, and the carbon dioxide in a gas-liquid mixed state was filled on site by the carbon dioxide filling device 104 using a filling machine. The back end of the detonating head 103 is provided with a one-way valve which can be opened and closed by an inner hexagonal wrench. The valve is opened during filling, and the valve can be closed after screwing down after filling. The heating tube 102 is filled with magnesium powder and is connected to an electric ignition device through a detonation head 103. The filling amount of the magnesium powder is calculated according to the calorific value. The required calorific value for isentropic expansion is first calculated, and the total calorific value is set to 3 times the required calorific value in consideration of the heating rate. The electric spark ignites the magnesium powder to burn and release a large amount of heat, so that the temperature and the pressure of the carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide liquid containing pipe 101 are increased rapidly, and the supercritical state is reached rapidly. When the pressure exceeds the rupture limit of the rupture disk 105, the rupture disk is broken by shear force and carbon dioxide is rapidly injected. The rupture disk 105 is required to have a high tensile strength and a high elongation so as not to be too thick, and the rupture disk thickness is selected to be 4mm in this example.
As shown in fig. 3, the acceleration section assembly 200 is composed of an acceleration section inner ring 201, an acceleration section outer ring 202, a recoil hole 203, and a first transition section 204. Under the condition that the length and the inner diameter of the gun barrel are determined, the speed after the rupture disk is reached is 350m/s by coordinating the thickness of the rupture disk and the filling quality of carbon dioxide. The front end and the rear end of the first switching section 204 are both in a threaded structure and are respectively connected with the carbon dioxide liquid filling pipe 101 and the acceleration section outer ring 202 through raw rubber belt sealing. The inner diameter of the acceleration section outer ring 202, i.e., the inlet inner diameter of the acceleration section inner ring 201, is 30mm, the throat inner diameter of the acceleration section inner ring 201 is 16mm, and the outlet inner diameter of the acceleration section outer ring 201 is 32 mm. The inner ring 201 of the acceleration section is positioned in the middle of the inner ring 202 of the acceleration section, the length of the expanding section is about twice that of the contracting section, and the throat part is in gentle transition. After the acceleration of the acceleration section, the speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide reaches 800m/s, and the supercritical carbon dioxide is in a supersonic state. In order to reduce the recoil of the supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon, the recoil air holes 203 are formed in the acceleration section outer ring 202, in the embodiment, two recoil air holes 203 are uniformly arranged on the acceleration section outer ring 202 in the circumferential direction, the diameter of each recoil air hole 203 is 6mm, and the recoil air holes are located in front of the acceleration section inner ring 201 and are distributed at an angle of 150 degrees with the outlet direction of the gas cannon.
As shown in fig. 4, the barrel assembly 300 is composed of a barrel 301, a shell 302 and a second adapter section 303. Considering portability and economic indexes, the length of the gun barrel is selected as short as possible. By optimizing the parameters, the length of the barrel 301 is selected to be 1.5m, and the inner diameter of the barrel is selected to be 35 mm. The front end and the rear end of the second switching section 303 are both in a threaded structure and are respectively connected with the acceleration section outer ring 202 and the gun barrel 301 through raw rubber tape sealing. After each blasting task, the cannonball 302 is loaded by disassembling the second adapter section 303. Along with the filling and compressibility of the gas, the gas is gradually filled into the gun barrel to push the projectile to move and accelerate to push out to complete the blasting task.
As shown in fig. 5, for convenience of operation, a rear handle 400, a middle handle 500 and a front handle 600 are added, and are connected with the supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon through screw structures, so that the cannon is convenient to disassemble and assemble. Embossing is arranged on the handle to increase the friction force. Because the outlet speed of the supercritical carbon dioxide is high and the gun barrel is long, an acceleration section clamp 702 and a gun barrel clamp 702 are added between an acceleration structure and the gun barrel and are connected through a screw 703 to increase the connection tightness of the gas gun and the rigidity of the gun barrel.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (14)
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| CN202010126450.0A CN111256531B (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Gun body structure of supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun |
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| CN202010126450.0A CN111256531B (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Gun body structure of supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113883958B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-03-07 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Supercritical carbon dioxide gas gun device |
| CN113834379B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-03-07 | 中国人民解放军战略支援部队航天工程大学 | Launching method of supercritical carbon dioxide gas cannon |
| CN114777562B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-05-14 | 中北大学 | Device for simulating gun bullet supply by using supercritical carbon dioxide |
| CN115355757A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-18 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Firing mechanism and power injection device |
| CN115962678B (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2025-06-27 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Transcritical process energy high-speed conversion and utilization device |
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