CN111257283B - Refractive index sensing measurement device and method - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 29
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- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/41—Refractivity; Phase-affecting properties, e.g. optical path length
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Abstract
本发明提出了一种折射率传感测量装置及方法，其中，该装置包括：腐蚀布拉格光纤光栅FP干涉仪、匹配布拉格光纤光栅、光放大器、光纤环形器、光纤耦合器、光电探测器和频谱仪，光放大器发送的光信号输入到光纤环形器和匹配布拉格光纤光栅，并通过匹配布拉格光纤光栅对腐蚀布拉格光纤光栅FP干涉仪的窄带透射峰波长进行反射，以将反射的窄带透射峰波长传输至光纤耦合器以形成激光，并通过光纤耦合器将激光输出，光电探测器对激光进行拍频，以产生微波信号频率，并通过频谱仪对微波信号频率进行测量，以便根据微波信号频率和预先绘制的关系曲线获取待测溶液的折射率，由此大大提高了传感的灵敏度和分辨率。
The present invention proposes a refractive index sensing measurement device and method, wherein the device includes: etched fiber Bragg grating FP interferometer, matched fiber Bragg grating, optical amplifier, fiber circulator, fiber coupler, photodetector and spectrum The optical signal sent by the optical amplifier and the optical amplifier is input to the fiber circulator and the matching fiber Bragg grating, and the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the corroded fiber Bragg grating FP interferometer is reflected by the matching fiber Bragg grating, so as to transmit the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength. To the fiber coupler to form the laser, and output the laser through the fiber coupler, the photodetector beats the laser to generate the frequency of the microwave signal, and the frequency of the microwave signal is measured by the spectrometer, so that the frequency of the microwave signal can be measured according to the frequency of the microwave signal and the predetermined frequency. The drawn relation curve obtains the refractive index of the solution to be measured, thereby greatly improving the sensitivity and resolution of the sensing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photoelectron, in particular to a refractive index sensing and measuring device and a refractive index sensing and measuring method.
Background
In the related art, the optical fiber sensor has the characteristics of small volume, light weight, easy realization of remote and distributed measurement, explosion prevention, electric insulation, electromagnetic interference prevention and the like, and is widely applied to the field of remote measurement of parameters such as refractive index, temperature, stress and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the art described above. Therefore, the first objective of the present invention is to provide a refractive index sensing measurement device, which uses the etched bragg fiber grating FP interferometer to measure the refractive index, thereby greatly improving the sensitivity and resolution of sensing.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a measuring method based on refractive index sensing.
In order to achieve the above object, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a refractive index sensing measurement apparatus, which includes an etched bragg fiber grating (FP) interferometer, a matched bragg fiber grating, an optical amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, an optical fiber coupler, a photodetector and a spectrometer, wherein an optical signal sent by the optical amplifier is input to the optical fiber circulator and the matched bragg fiber grating, and is reflected by the matched bragg fiber grating, so as to transmit a narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the etched bragg fiber grating (FP) interferometer to the optical fiber coupler to form laser light, and output the laser light through a first output end of the optical fiber coupler, the photodetector beats the laser light to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measures the microwave signal frequency through the spectrometer, so as to obtain the refractive index of the solution to be measured according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve.
The refractive index sensing and measuring device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an etched Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer, a matched Bragg fiber grating, an optical amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, an optical fiber coupler, a photoelectric detector and a frequency spectrograph, wherein an optical signal sent by the optical amplifier is input into the optical fiber circulator and the matched Bragg fiber grating, and the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is reflected by matching the Bragg fiber grating, transmitting the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to the optical fiber coupler to form laser, outputting the laser through the first output end of the optical fiber coupler, beating the laser by the photoelectric detector, generating microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph so as to obtain the refractive index of the solution to be measured according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve; therefore, the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer has the spectral characteristics of two narrow-band transmission peaks, and is used as a wavelength selection device of a dual-wavelength fiber laser and a refractive index sensing device; when the external refractive index is changed, the optical path difference between two gratings of the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is changed, so that the wavelength interval of a transmission peak is changed, and the wavelength interval of the dual-wavelength fiber laser is changed; and then, a photoelectric detector is adopted to beat frequency of the output laser, and the refractive index of the liquid to be detected can be obtained by measuring the change of the frequency of a microwave signal generated by the beat frequency, so that the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the refractive index sensing and measuring device are not limited by bandwidth, and the sensitivity and the resolution of sensing are greatly improved.
In addition, the refractive index sensing and measuring device provided according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
optionally, the narrowband transmission peak wavelength includes a first narrowband transmission peak wavelength and a second narrowband transmission peak wavelength, and both the first narrowband transmission peak wavelength and the second narrowband transmission peak wavelength are located in a reflection band of the matched bragg fiber grating.
Optionally, the optical amplifier is a semiconductor optical amplifier, an input end of the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected to the second output end of the optical fiber coupler, an output end of the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected to an input end of the optical fiber circulator, a reflection end of the optical fiber circulator is connected to the matched bragg fiber grating, an output end of the optical fiber circulator is connected to one end of the corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer, the other end of the corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is connected to an input end of the optical fiber coupler, a first output end of the optical fiber coupler is optically connected to an input end of the photodetector, and an output end of the photodetector is electrically connected to an input end of the spectrometer.
Optionally, the optical fiber coupler is a 90:10 optical fiber coupler, the first output port of the optical fiber coupler is a 10% output port, and the second output port of the optical fiber coupler is a 90% output port.
In order to achieve the above object, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a refractive index sensing measurement method, including the following steps: placing the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer into a solution to be tested; opening a switch of a semiconductor optical amplifier so that an optical signal sent by the semiconductor optical amplifier is input to an optical fiber circulator and a matched Bragg optical fiber grating, and reflecting a narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of a corrosion Bragg optical fiber grating (FP) interferometer through the matched Bragg optical fiber grating so as to transmit the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to an optical fiber coupler to form laser; beating the laser through a photoelectric detector to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph; and obtaining the refractive index of the solution to be detected according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve.
According to the refractive index sensing measurement method provided by the embodiment of the invention, firstly, a corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is placed in a solution to be measured; then, a switch of the semiconductor optical amplifier is opened so that an optical signal sent by the semiconductor optical amplifier is input to the optical fiber circulator and the matched Bragg optical fiber grating, and the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the corrosion Bragg optical fiber grating FP interferometer is reflected by the matched Bragg optical fiber grating so as to transmit the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to the optical fiber coupler to form laser; then, beating the laser through a photoelectric detector to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph; finally, obtaining the refractive index of the solution to be measured according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve; therefore, the refractive index sensing and measuring device is adopted for refractive index measurement, so that the sensitivity and the resolution of sensing are greatly improved.
In addition, the refractive index sensing measurement method proposed according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
optionally, before placing the corrosion fiber bragg grating FP interferometer into a solution to be measured, the following steps are further included: placing the corroded Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer into a pre-prepared solution with a known refractive index; opening a switch of a semiconductor optical amplifier so that an optical signal sent by the semiconductor optical amplifier is input to an optical fiber circulator and a matched Bragg optical fiber grating, and reflecting a narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of a corrosion Bragg optical fiber grating (FP) interferometer through the matched Bragg optical fiber grating so as to transmit the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to an optical fiber coupler to form laser; beating the laser through a photoelectric detector to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph; and drawing a relation curve according to the microwave signal frequency and the known solution refractive index.
Optionally, the narrowband transmission peak wavelength includes a first narrowband transmission peak wavelength and a second narrowband transmission peak wavelength, and both the first narrowband transmission peak wavelength and the second narrowband transmission peak wavelength are located in a reflection band of the matched bragg fiber grating.
Optionally, the optical fiber coupler is a 90:10 optical fiber coupler, the first output port of the optical fiber coupler is a 10% output port, and the second output port of the optical fiber coupler is a 90% output port.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a refractive index sensing measurement apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a refractive index sensing measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a method for plotting a relationship curve according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In order to better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a refractive index sensing measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the refractive index sensing measuring apparatus including: the device comprises a corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer 5, a matching Bragg fiber grating 4, an optical amplifier 2, a fiber circulator 3, a fiber coupler 1, a photoelectric detector 6 and a spectrometer 7.
The optical signal sent by the optical amplifier 2 is input to the optical fiber circulator 3 and the matched fiber bragg grating 4, the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the etched fiber bragg grating FP interferometer 5 is reflected by the matched fiber bragg grating 4, the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength is transmitted to the optical fiber coupler 1 to form laser, and the laser is output through the first output end of the optical fiber coupler 1.
The corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is composed of two identical high-reflection bragg fiber gratings, and is obtained by performing cladding corrosion on a portion between two bragg fiber gratings of the FP interferometer composed of the bragg fiber grating pairs; the grating interferometer has two narrow-band transmission peaks, and the wavelength of the reflection peak of the matched Bragg fiber grating is aligned with the wavelength of the two narrow-band transmission peaks of the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer.
That is to say, the corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer has two narrow-band transmission peaks, the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength includes a first narrow-band transmission peak wavelength and a second narrow-band transmission peak wavelength, and both the first narrow-band transmission peak wavelength and the second narrow-band transmission peak wavelength are located in the reflection band of the matched bragg fiber grating, so that the corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is used as a wavelength selection device of the dual-wavelength fiber laser and is also used as a refractive index sensing device, when an external refractive index changes, an optical path difference between two gratings of the corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer changes, and further, a wavelength interval of the narrow-band transmission peaks of the bragg fiber grating FP interferometer changes, thereby causing the wavelength interval of the dual-wavelength fiber laser to change.
The photoelectric detector 6 beats the laser to generate a microwave signal frequency, and the microwave signal frequency is measured by the frequency spectrograph 7, so as to obtain the refractive index of the solution to be measured according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve.
Refractive index measurement is performed by the frequency of the microwave signal generated by the beat frequency, and the minute wavelength interval change caused by the refractive index change is converted into the change of the frequency of the microwave signal, so that the performances of sensitivity, resolution and the like of sensing are greatly improved.
That is to say, a sensing head (corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer) of the refractive index sensing and measuring device is placed in the solution to be measured, the frequency of the microwave signal is measured by the spectrometer 7 of the refractive index sensing and measuring device, and the refractive index corresponding to the frequency of the microwave signal is found on the relation curve according to the measured frequency of the microwave signal, and the refractive index is the refractive index of the solution to be measured.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the optical amplifier 2 is a semiconductor optical amplifier, an input end of the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected to the second output end of the optical fiber coupler 1, an output end of the semiconductor optical amplifier is connected to an input end of the optical fiber circulator 3, a reflection end of the optical fiber circulator 3 is connected to the matched bragg optical fiber grating 4, an output end of the optical fiber circulator 3 is connected to one end of the corrosion bragg optical fiber grating FP interferometer 5, another end of the corrosion bragg optical fiber grating FP interferometer 5 is connected to an input end of the optical fiber coupler 1, a first output end of the optical fiber coupler 1 is optically connected to an input end of the photodetector 6, and an output end of the photodetector 6 is electrically connected to an input end of the spectrometer 7.
In summary, the refractive index sensing measurement apparatus provided by the embodiment of the invention includes an etched bragg fiber grating FP interferometer, a matched bragg fiber grating, an optical amplifier, an optical fiber circulator, an optical fiber coupler, a photodetector, and a spectrometer, wherein an optical signal transmitted by the optical amplifier is input to the optical fiber circulator and the matched bragg fiber grating, and the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is reflected by matching the Bragg fiber grating, transmitting the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to the optical fiber coupler to form laser, outputting the laser through the first output end of the optical fiber coupler, beating the laser by the photoelectric detector, generating microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph so as to obtain the refractive index of the solution to be measured according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve; therefore, the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer has the spectral characteristics of two narrow-band transmission peaks, and is used as a wavelength selection device of a dual-wavelength fiber laser and a refractive index sensing device; when the external refractive index is changed, the optical path difference between two gratings of the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is changed, so that the wavelength interval of a transmission peak is changed, and the wavelength interval of the dual-wavelength fiber laser is changed; and then, a photoelectric detector is adopted to beat frequency of the output laser, and the refractive index of the liquid to be detected can be obtained by measuring the change of the frequency of a microwave signal generated by the beat frequency, so that the signal-to-noise ratio and the resolution of the refractive index sensing and measuring device are not limited by bandwidth, and the sensitivity and the resolution of sensing are greatly improved.
In order to implement the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a refractive index sensing measurement method, including the following steps:
and 101, placing the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer into a solution to be detected.
And step 102, opening a switch of the semiconductor optical amplifier so that an optical signal sent by the semiconductor optical amplifier is input to the optical fiber circulator and the matched Bragg fiber grating, and reflecting the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the corrosion Bragg fiber grating FP interferometer through the matched Bragg fiber grating so as to transmit the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to the optical fiber coupler to form laser.
And 103, beating the laser through a photoelectric detector to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph.
And 104, acquiring the refractive index of the solution to be detected according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve.
As an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the relation curve plotting method includes the steps of:
And step 203, beating the laser through a photoelectric detector to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph.
And step 204, drawing a relation curve according to the microwave signal frequency and the known solution refractive index.
It should be noted that, the corresponding relationship between the microwave signal frequency v and the refractive index is measured by the frequency spectrometer 7: and v ═ f (n), and drawing a relation curve.
That is to say, the refractive index sensing and measuring device and the solutions with known refractive indexes which are prepared in advance can obtain the solutions with known refractive indexes which are prepared in advance and the corresponding microwave signal frequencies thereof, so as to obtain a pre-drawn relation curve chart.
For one embodiment, the narrowband transmission peak wavelengths include a first narrowband transmission peak wavelength and a second narrowband transmission peak wavelength, both located in a reflection band of the matched bragg fiber grating.
As an embodiment, the optical fiber coupler is a 90:10 optical fiber coupler, the first output port of the optical fiber coupler is a 10% output port, and the second output port of the optical fiber coupler is a 90% output port.
It should be noted that the device used in the refractive index sensing and measuring method of the present embodiment is the refractive index sensing and measuring device, so the explanation of the embodiment of the refractive index sensing and measuring device is also applicable to the refractive index sensing and measuring method of the present embodiment, and is not repeated here.
In summary, according to the refractive index sensing measurement method of the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the corrosion bragg fiber grating FP interferometer is placed in a solution to be measured; then, a switch of the semiconductor optical amplifier is opened so that an optical signal sent by the semiconductor optical amplifier is input to the optical fiber circulator and the matched Bragg optical fiber grating, and the narrow-band transmission peak wavelength of the corrosion Bragg optical fiber grating FP interferometer is reflected by the matched Bragg optical fiber grating so as to transmit the reflected narrow-band transmission peak wavelength to the optical fiber coupler to form laser; then, beating the laser through a photoelectric detector to generate a microwave signal frequency, and measuring the microwave signal frequency through a frequency spectrograph; finally, obtaining the refractive index of the solution to be measured according to the microwave signal frequency and a pre-drawn relation curve; therefore, the refractive index sensing and measuring device is adopted for refractive index measurement, so that the sensitivity and the resolution of sensing are greatly improved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be noted that in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above should not be understood to necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
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