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CN111331533B - Optical component positioning device and method - Google Patents

Optical component positioning device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111331533B
CN111331533B CN201811555439.5A CN201811555439A CN111331533B CN 111331533 B CN111331533 B CN 111331533B CN 201811555439 A CN201811555439 A CN 201811555439A CN 111331533 B CN111331533 B CN 111331533B
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China
Prior art keywords
optical component
positioning
slide
positioning block
motor
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CN111331533A (en
Inventor
俞红祥
应华
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Beijing Liqian Hengxin Technology Co ltd
Beijing Qianhengde Technology Co ltd
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Beijing Liqian Hengxin Technology Co ltd
Beijing Qianhengde Technology Co ltd
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Publication of CN111331533A publication Critical patent/CN111331533A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B11/00Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the subclass, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Position Or Direction (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种光学组件定位装置及方法,包含电机、定位块、驱动装置、滑台、光学组件、位置测量元件,其中所述电机可分别工作于力矩控制模式或位置控制模式,所述位置控制模式下,电机通过驱动装置和位置测量元件,控制滑台及光学组件进行水平运动,并实现滑台及光学组件的初步定位,所述力矩控制模式下,电机在光学组件完成初步定位后,持续推挤滑台及光学组件紧逼定位块,从而保证光学组件在由定位块设定的精确定位点上保持稳定。本发明公开的装置及方法,即可实现光学组件工作位置的精确切换,也可在光学组件持续工作时,保持光学组件的定位稳定性,提高了光学组件的抗干扰能力。

The present invention discloses an optical component positioning device and method, comprising a motor, a positioning block, a driving device, a slide, an optical component, and a position measuring element, wherein the motor can work in a torque control mode or a position control mode respectively. In the position control mode, the motor controls the slide and the optical component to move horizontally through the driving device and the position measuring element, and realizes the initial positioning of the slide and the optical component. In the torque control mode, after the optical component completes the initial positioning, the motor continuously pushes the slide and the optical component to press against the positioning block, thereby ensuring that the optical component remains stable at the precise positioning point set by the positioning block. The device and method disclosed in the present invention can realize the precise switching of the working position of the optical component, and can also maintain the positioning stability of the optical component when the optical component continues to work, thereby improving the anti-interference ability of the optical component.

Description

Optical component positioning device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to electromechanical devices and methods, and particularly relates to an optical component positioning device and method.
Background
In the fields of optical measurement and optical processing, as the size of a processed part is larger, the area to be processed is also gradually increased, and the original irradiation device for fixing a light source or an optical component cannot meet the requirements of measurement and processing.
In order to expand the effective working range, the optical component is often required to be installed on a movable positioning platform, the optical component is positioned to different working areas by moving the positioning platform for irradiation operation, and then the larger working area is covered by multiple positioning and working.
Similarly, with the continuous expansion of 3D printing technology and its application fields, in processes using laser as a working light source, such as SLM (selective laser melting), SLS (selective laser sintering), LMD (laser fused deposition), and the like, irradiation work of a large area using a movable positioning stage-mounted optical component is also started. Therefore, in the prior art, the movable positioning platform mainly moves based on the linear guide rail and the motor servo driving device, and when the optical component needs to be in a static position and starts to work, the motor realizes static and position locking of the optical component at a certain working point through closed-loop control.
The following problems are that when the technical scheme is used, after the optical component finishes servo positioning, the optical component is easily disturbed by external force, and the problems of change, oscillation, instability and the like occur, so that the working accuracy of the optical component is reduced, and even the optical component cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an optical component positioning device and method, so as to ensure working accuracy and stability when an optical component is in a static state or a working state.
Specifically, an optical component positioning device comprises a motor, at least one positioning block, a driving device, a sliding table, an optical component and a position measuring element, wherein the optical component is mechanically connected with the sliding table, the position measuring element acquires movement data of the sliding table, the motor receives the sliding table movement data fed back by the position measuring element and controls the sliding table to conduct linear movement through the driving device, when the sliding table is positioned at a positioning point adjacent to the positioning block, the motor drives the sliding table and the optical component to tightly press the positioning block, and the sliding table and the optical component achieve position locking under the action of driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block.
Preferably, the driving device is a transmission part, and the transmission part comprises a combination of a screw rod and a nut, a combination of a synchronous belt and a belt wheel, and a combination of a gear and a rack.
Preferably, when the transmission component is a combination of a screw rod and a nut, the screw rod is connected with a motor, the nut is connected with a sliding table, and the motor outputs torque and controls the sliding table to move along the screw rod.
Preferably, the driving device further comprises a guide rail or a sliding rod, and the sliding table is driven by the transmission part to perform linear motion along the guide rail or the sliding rod.
Preferably, the at least one positioning block comprises a first positioning block and a second positioning block, and the sliding table moves between the first positioning block and the second positioning block.
Preferably, the first positioning block and the second positioning block are connected through a lead screw, a guide rail or a slide bar.
The invention also provides an optical component positioning method, which comprises the following steps:
S01, the position measuring element acquires movement data of the sliding table and feeds the data back to the motor in real time;
S02, controlling the sliding table and the optical assembly to perform acceleration, uniform speed or deceleration movement by the motor through the driving device;
s03, when the sliding table is positioned at a positioning point adjacent to at least one positioning block, the motor continuously outputs a driving force towards the adjacent positioning block to the sliding table;
S04, the sliding table and the optical assembly are locked in position under the action of the driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block;
s05, after the optical assembly completes the operation task at the locating point, the motor releases the position locking of the sliding block and the optical assembly.
Preferably, the driving device is a transmission part, and the transmission part comprises a combination of a screw rod and a nut, a combination of a synchronous belt and a belt wheel, and a combination of a gear and a rack.
Preferably, when the transmission component is a combination of a screw rod and a nut, the screw rod is connected with a motor, the nut is connected with a sliding table, and the motor outputs torque and controls the sliding table to move along the screw rod.
Preferably, the driving device further comprises a guide rail or a sliding rod, and the sliding table is driven by the transmission part to perform linear motion along the guide rail or the sliding rod.
Preferably, the at least one positioning block comprises a first positioning block and a second positioning block, and the sliding table moves between the first positioning block and the second positioning block.
Preferably, the first positioning block and the second positioning block are connected through a lead screw, a guide rail or a slide bar.
Compared with the prior art, the optical component positioning device and the optical component positioning method have the beneficial effects that the movement of the optical component and the sliding table can be controlled in real time, the optical component and the sliding table can be accurately and stably stopped on a target positioning point, when the external disturbance force is insufficient to damage the balance between the driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block, the optical component cannot be caused to displace, and the stability of the optical component during operation is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an initial state of a first optical component positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a position locking state of a first optical component positioning apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an optical component positioning apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of an optical component positioning apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of an optical component positioning apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an implementation of a method for positioning an optical component according to the present invention;
reference numerals refer to a motor 1, a positioning block 2, a position measuring element 3, an optical assembly 4, a sliding table 5, a lead screw 6, a base 7, a positioning point 8, pulleys 9 and 9', a synchronous belt 10, a gear 11, a rack 12, a first positioning block 21 and a second positioning block 22.
Detailed Description
The foregoing and other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following, more particular, description of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments described are merely some, but not all, of the embodiments of the invention.
The utility model provides an optical component positioner, contains motor, at least one locating piece, drive arrangement, slip table, optical component, position measurement element, optical component and slip table mechanical connection, the movement data of slip table is obtained to position measurement element, the slip table movement data of position measurement element feedback is received to the motor to carry out rectilinear motion through drive arrangement control slip table, when the slip table is located the setpoint that is adjacent the locating piece, motor drive slip table and optical component tightly force the locating piece, slip table and optical component reach the position locking under the effect of drive force, locating piece reaction force.
In one or more embodiments, the driving device is a transmission component and drives the sliding table to move in a linear transmission mode. The transmission part comprises a combination of a screw rod and a nut, a combination of a synchronous belt and a belt wheel, and a combination of a gear and a rack.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the driving device is a combination of a screw and a nut, that is, the motor is connected with the screw, the sliding table is connected with the screw through the nut, and when the motor outputs torque, the screw plays a role in transmission to drive the nut and the sliding table to axially move along the screw. The direction and the size of the moment can adjust the sliding table to move forwards or backwards and accelerate or move at a uniform speed.
The specific structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 1 and 2, an optical component positioning device comprises a motor 1, at least one positioning block 2, a lead screw 6, a sliding table 5, an optical component 4 and a position measuring element 3, wherein the position of the lead screw 6 adjacent to the positioning block 2 is set as a positioning point 8, the optical component 4 is mechanically connected with the sliding table 5, the position measuring element 3 acquires motion data of the sliding table 5, the motor 1 outputs torque, the sliding table 5 is controlled to form thrust by controlling the lead screw 6, the motor 1 receives the motion data of the sliding table 5 fed back by the position measuring element 3 and controls the sliding table 5 to move along the lead screw 6, after the sliding table 5 moves to one positioning point 8, the motor 1 outputs thrust towards the adjacent positioning block 2 to the sliding table 5, and the sliding table 5 and the optical component 4 achieve position locking under the action of thrust and the reaction force of the positioning block.
In this embodiment, the driving means is a combination of a screw 6 and a nut. The sliding table 5 comprises a nut matched with the screw rod 6, the screw rod 6 is used as a track of the sliding table 5, the screw rod 6 is connected with the motor 1, and the motor 1 outputs torque and is converted into horizontal thrust to the sliding table 5 through the screw rod 6.
The motor 1 may be operated in a position control mode or a torque control mode, respectively. In the position control mode, according to the distance between the sliding table 5 and at least one positioning block 2 and the corresponding positioning point 8, the motor 1 outputs forward or backward torque to form forward or backward thrust for the sliding table 5 so as to control the sliding table 5 to move and ensure that the sliding table 5 moves to the position of the positioning point 8 adjacent to the positioning block 2, namely, the preliminary positioning of the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly 4 is realized.
The motor 1 may be operated in a position control mode or a torque control mode, respectively. In the moment control mode, the motor 1 continuously outputs moment after the sliding table 5 and the optical component 4 finish preliminary positioning, and the moment is converted into horizontal thrust through the screw rod 6 so as to continuously push the sliding table 5 and the optical component 4 to tightly press at least one positioning block 2, and the sliding table 5 and the optical component 4 reach position locking under the action of the thrust of the screw rod and the reaction force of the positioning block.
In this embodiment, when the external disturbing force cannot destroy the balance of the screw thrust and the reaction force of the positioning block, the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly cannot generate displacement, so that the stability and the accuracy of the optical assembly during operation are ensured.
In this embodiment, the position measuring element 3 timely acquires the movement data of the sliding table 5 on the screw rod 6 by means of infrared detection, electric induction and the like, and timely feeds back the movement data of the sliding table 5 to the motor 1 by being electrically connected with the motor 1. Preferably, the movement data of the sliding table comprises speed data, acceleration data and position data of the sliding table.
Example two
The corresponding structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3, and an optical assembly positioning device comprises a motor 1, at least one positioning block 2, a synchronous belt 10, a belt wheel 9', a sliding table 5, an optical assembly 4 and a position measuring element 3, wherein the position adjacent to the positioning block 2 is set to be a positioning point 8, the optical assembly 4 is mechanically connected with the sliding table 5, the sliding table is fixedly connected with one section of the synchronous belt 10, when the belt wheel 9 or/and the belt wheel 9' is/are driven to rotate by the output torque of the motor 1, the synchronous belt 10 rotates around the two belt wheels simultaneously, and the sliding table 5 moves linearly along with the synchronous belt 10. The position measuring element 3 acquires the movement data of the sliding table 5 and feeds back the movement data to the motor 1, and the motor 1 receives the movement data of the sliding table 5 and controls the tension of the synchronous belt 10 on the sliding table 5 and the position of the sliding table 5 through controlling the rotation of the belt pulley 9 or/and the belt pulley 9'. When the sliding table 5 moves to one of the positioning points 8, the motor 1 outputs a pulling force towards the adjacent positioning block 2 to the sliding table 5, and the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly 4 reach position locking under the action of the pulling force and the reaction force of the positioning block.
In this embodiment the drive means is a combination of a timing belt 10 and pulleys 9, 9'. In other embodiments, the sliding table 5 may be further fixed by being connected end to end with the synchronous belt, so as to ensure that when the belt pulley drives the synchronous belt, the synchronous belt can pull the sliding table to perform linear motion.
Preferably, the driving device can further comprise at least one guide rail or slide bar besides the synchronous belt 10 and the belt wheels 9 and 9', and the sliding table can perform linear motion along the at least one guide rail or slide bar under the action of the tension of the synchronous belt, so that the motion precision and stability of the sliding table are improved.
Example III
The corresponding structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 4, and an optical component positioning device comprises a motor 1, at least one positioning block 2, a gear 11, a rack 12, a sliding table 5, an optical component 4 and a position measuring element 3, wherein the position adjacent to the positioning block 2 is set to be a positioning point 8, the optical component 4 is mechanically connected with the sliding table 5, the sliding table 5 is fixedly and physically connected with the gear 11, and the motor 1 drives the sliding table 5 to perform linear motion along the rack 12 by controlling the rotation of the gear 11. The position measuring element 3 acquires the movement data of the sliding table 5 and feeds back the movement data to the motor 1, and the motor 1 receives the movement data of the sliding table 5 and controls the position of the sliding table 5 and the obtained thrust through the rotation of the control gear 11. When the sliding table 5 moves to one of the positioning points 8, the motor 1 outputs thrust to the sliding table 5 towards the adjacent positioning block 2, and the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly 4 reach position locking under the action of thrust and the reaction force of the positioning block.
In this embodiment the drive means is a combination of a gear 11 and a rack 12. In other embodiments, the gear 11 may also be disposed at a motor, the rack 12 is physically connected to the sliding table 5 and is relatively fixed, and the motor 1 may control the movement, position and obtained thrust of the sliding table 5 by controlling the rotation of the gear 11. The sliding table 5 can be matched with the gear and the rack in other modes, so that when the gear rotates, the synchronous belt can push the sliding table to perform linear motion.
Preferably, the driving device may further comprise at least one guide rail or slide bar besides the gear 11 and the rack 12, and the sliding table may further perform linear motion along the at least one guide rail or slide bar under the action of rack thrust, so as to improve the motion precision and stability of the sliding table.
In the above embodiment, when the motor works in the position control mode or the torque control mode respectively, the output torque is different, if the torque output in the torque control mode is too small, the anti-interference performance of the optical component is not good, and if the torque output in the torque control mode is too large, the positioning block may be damaged. Preferably, in the torque control mode, the motor continuously outputs thrust towards the adjacent positioning block to the sliding table, wherein the thrust is 0.5-2 times of the thrust when the sliding table is controlled to move at a uniform speed.
In one or more embodiments, the at least one positioning block includes a first positioning block, a second positioning block, and the slide table moves between the first positioning block and the second positioning block.
Example IV
The corresponding structure schematic diagram is shown in fig. 5, an optical component positioning device comprises a motor 1, a first positioning block 21, a second positioning block 22, a lead screw 6, a sliding table 5, an optical component 4 and a position measuring element 3, wherein the position of the lead screw 6 adjacent to the first positioning block 21 is set to be a first positioning point 81, the position of the lead screw 6 adjacent to the first positioning block 22 is set to be a first positioning point 82, the optical component 4 is mechanically connected with the sliding table 5, the position measuring element 3 acquires motion data of the sliding table 5, the motor 1 outputs torque to form thrust to the sliding table 5 by controlling the lead screw 6, the motor 1 receives the motion data of the sliding table 5 fed back by the position measuring element 3 and controls the sliding table 5 to move towards the first positioning point 81 along the lead screw 6, after the sliding table 5 moves to the first positioning point 81, the motor 1 outputs thrust towards the first positioning block 21 to the sliding table 5, and the sliding table 5 and the optical component 4 reach position locking under the action of thrust and the reaction force of the positioning block.
After the optical assembly 4 completes the task at the first positioning point 81, the sliding table 4 can return to the initial position or move to the second positioning point 82 to continue working. When the motor 1 stops outputting torque, the thrust of the screw rod and the reaction force of the positioning block disappear, and the locking state of the sliding table 5 is released. The motor 1 is switched to a position control mode, and continues to control the slide 5 and the optical assembly 4 to move to the initial position or the second positioning point 82.
In the embodiment, the first positioning block is connected with the second positioning block through a lead screw. Preferably, a guide rail or a slide bar can be additionally arranged between the first positioning block and the second positioning block, and when the sliding table is driven by the screw rod to perform linear motion, the sliding table also performs linear motion along the guide rail or the slide bar, so that the motion stability of the sliding table can be further improved.
In other embodiments, when the transmission is a combination of a synchronous belt and a belt wheel, or a combination of a gear and a rack, the slider may also perform linear motion between the first positioning block and the second positioning block. Preferably, when the driving device of the above embodiment further includes at least one guide rail or slide bar, the first positioning block and the second positioning block may be connected by at least one guide rail or slide bar, and the slide block may perform linear motion between the first positioning block and the second positioning block, so as to improve stability of movement of the sliding table.
In one or more embodiments, the at least one positioning block position may be fixedly connected to the base, or may be fixed to the slide bar or the guide rail by punching, jamming, or the like, that is, only when the motor is in the torque control mode, the positioning block position is not changed.
In one or more embodiments, the position measurement element may obtain the movement data of the sliding table through infrared detection, electric induction, or the like. The relevant components used for the measurement can be arranged on the base, the sliding table, the screw rod, the guide rail or the sliding rod.
The invention also discloses an optical component positioning method, which comprises the following steps:
Comprises the following steps:
S01, the position measuring element acquires movement data of the sliding table and feeds the data back to the motor in real time;
S02, controlling the sliding table and the optical assembly to perform acceleration, uniform speed or deceleration movement by the motor through the driving device;
s03, when the sliding table is positioned at a positioning point adjacent to at least one positioning block, the motor continuously outputs a driving force towards the adjacent positioning block to the sliding table;
S04, the sliding table and the optical assembly are locked in position under the action of the driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block;
s05, after the optical assembly completes the operation task at the locating point, the motor releases the position locking of the sliding block and the optical assembly.
Example five
To describe the above steps, the structure of fig. 1 and 2 will be further described. A specific positioning method of an optical assembly comprises the following steps:
S01, the position measuring element 3 acquires movement data of the sliding table 5 and feeds the data back to the motor 1 in real time;
S02, the motor 1 forms thrust to the sliding table 5 through the lead screw 6 through outputting torque, controls the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly 4 to move along the axial direction of the lead screw 6, and can control the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly 4 to perform acceleration, uniform speed or deceleration;
s03, when the sliding table 5 is positioned at the positioning point 8 adjacent to the positioning block 2, the motor 1 continuously outputs thrust towards the adjacent positioning block 21 to the sliding table 5;
s04, the sliding table 5 and the optical assembly 4 are locked in position under the action of thrust and reaction force of the positioning blocks;
S05, after the optical assembly 4 completes the operation task at the positioning point 2, the motor 1 releases the position locking of the sliding block 5 and the optical assembly 4.
In the step S02 of the above embodiment, the motor 1 may control the sliding table 5 to reach the positioning point 8 and output the continuous thrust toward the positioning block 2 in the step S03, or when the sliding table 5 approaches the positioning point 8, the motor 1 may control the sliding table 5 to slow down to rest and stop on the positioning point 8, and then step S03 is performed.
In one or more embodiments, the driving device is a transmission component, and the transmission component comprises a combination of a screw and a nut, a combination of a synchronous belt and a belt wheel, and a combination of a gear and a rack.
In one or more embodiments, when the transmission component is a combination of a screw and a nut, the screw is connected with a motor, the nut is connected with a sliding table, and the motor outputs torque and controls the sliding table to move along the screw.
In one or more embodiments, the driving device further comprises a guide rail or a sliding rod, and the sliding table is driven by the transmission component to perform linear motion along the guide rail or the sliding rod.
In one or more embodiments, the at least one positioning block includes a first positioning block, a second positioning block, and the slide table moves between the first positioning block and the second positioning block. Taking the structure of fig. 5 as an example, after the optical component 4 completes the operation of the positioning point 81, steps S01 to 05 are repeated, and the sliding table 4 can move to the position of the second positioning point 82 to continue working.
In one or more embodiments, the first positioning block and the second positioning block are connected by a screw, a guide rail or a slide bar.
In one or more embodiments, the movement data of the sliding table 5 includes speed data, acceleration data, and position data of the sliding table.
Compared with the prior art, the optical component positioning device and the optical component positioning method have the beneficial effects that the movement of the optical component and the sliding table can be controlled in real time, the optical component and the sliding table can be accurately and stably stopped on a target positioning point, when the external disturbance force is insufficient to damage the balance between the driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block, the optical component cannot be caused to displace, and the stability of the optical component during operation is ensured.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, form variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1.一种光学组件定位装置,其特征在于,包含电机、至少一个定位块、驱动装置、滑台、光学组件、位置测量元件,所述光学组件与滑台机械连接,所述位置测量元件获取滑台的运动数据,所述电机接收位置测量元件反馈的滑台运动数据,并通过驱动装置控制滑台进行直线运动,当所述滑台位于毗邻定位块的定位点时,所述电机驱动滑台及光学组件紧逼定位块,所述滑台及光学组件在驱动力、定位块反作用力的作用下达到位置锁定。1. An optical component positioning device, characterized in that it comprises a motor, at least one positioning block, a driving device, a slide, an optical component, and a position measuring element, wherein the optical component is mechanically connected to the slide, the position measuring element obtains motion data of the slide, the motor receives the slide motion data fed back by the position measuring element, and controls the slide to perform linear motion through the driving device, when the slide is located at a positioning point adjacent to the positioning block, the motor drives the slide and the optical component to press against the positioning block, and the slide and the optical component are locked in position under the action of the driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block. 2.一种如权利要求1所述的光学组件定位装置,其特征在于,所述驱动装置为传动部件,所述传动部件为丝杠与螺母的组合、同步带与带轮的组合、齿轮与齿条的组合中的任一组合。2. An optical component positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the driving device is a transmission component, and the transmission component is any combination of a combination of a lead screw and a nut, a combination of a synchronous belt and a pulley, and a combination of a gear and a rack. 3.一种如权利要求2所述的光学组件定位装置,其特征在于,所述传动部件为丝杠与螺母的组合时,所述丝杠与电机连接,所述螺母与滑台连接,所述电机输出力矩,并控制滑台沿丝杠进行运动。3. An optical component positioning device as described in claim 2, characterized in that when the transmission component is a combination of a screw and a nut, the screw is connected to the motor, the nut is connected to the slide, the motor outputs torque and controls the slide to move along the screw. 4.一种如权利要求2所述的光学组件定位装置,其特征在于,所述驱动装置还包含导轨或滑杆,滑台在传动部件的驱动下,沿所述导轨或滑杆进行直线运动。4. An optical component positioning device as described in claim 2, characterized in that the driving device also includes a guide rail or a slide rod, and the slide table moves linearly along the guide rail or the slide rod under the drive of the transmission component. 5.一种如权利要求1所述的光学组件定位装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个定位块包含第一定位块、第二定位块,所述滑台在第一定位块与第二定位块之间运动。5. An optical component positioning device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the at least one positioning block comprises a first positioning block and a second positioning block, and the slide moves between the first positioning block and the second positioning block. 6.一种如权利要求5所述的光学组件定位装置,其特征在于,所述第一定位块与第二定位块之间由丝杠、导轨或滑杆连接。6. An optical component positioning device as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that the first positioning block and the second positioning block are connected by a lead screw, a guide rail or a sliding rod. 7.一种光学组件定位方法,其特征在于,包含如下步骤: S01.位置测量元件获取滑台的运动数据,并将数据实时反馈给电机; S02.电机通过驱动装置,控制滑台及光学组件进行加速、匀速或减速运动; S03.当滑台位于毗邻至少一个定位块的定位点时,电机持续向滑台输出朝向毗邻定位块的驱动力; S04.所述滑台及光学组件在驱动力、定位块反作用力的作用下达到位置锁定; S05.当光学组件完成在该定位点的作业任务后,电机解除滑块及光学组件的位置锁定。7. A method for positioning an optical component, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: S01. A position measuring element acquires motion data of a slide and feeds the data back to the motor in real time; S02. The motor controls the slide and the optical component to accelerate, move at a constant speed or decelerate through a driving device; S03. When the slide is located at a positioning point adjacent to at least one positioning block, the motor continuously outputs a driving force to the slide toward the adjacent positioning block; S04. The slide and the optical component are locked in position under the action of the driving force and the reaction force of the positioning block; S05. When the optical component completes its operating task at the positioning point, the motor releases the position lock of the slider and the optical component. 8.一种如权利要求7所述的光学组件定位方法,其特征在于,所述驱动装置为传动部件,所述传动部件为丝杠与螺母的组合、同步带与带轮的组合、齿轮与齿条的组合中的任一组合。8. An optical component positioning method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the driving device is a transmission component, and the transmission component is any combination of a combination of a lead screw and a nut, a combination of a synchronous belt and a pulley, and a combination of a gear and a rack. 9.一种如权利要求8所述的光学组件定位方法,其特征在于,所述传动部件为丝杠与螺母的组合时,所述丝杠与电机连接,所述螺母与滑台连接,所述电机输出力矩,并控制滑台沿丝杠进行运动。9. An optical component positioning method as described in claim 8, characterized in that when the transmission component is a combination of a screw and a nut, the screw is connected to a motor, the nut is connected to a slide, the motor outputs a torque and controls the slide to move along the screw. 10.一种如权利要求8所述的光学组件定位方法,其特征在于,所述驱动装置还包含导轨或滑杆,滑台在传动部件的驱动下,沿所述导轨或滑杆进行直线运动。10. An optical component positioning method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the driving device further comprises a guide rail or a slide bar, and the slide table moves linearly along the guide rail or the slide bar under the drive of the transmission component. 11.一种如权利要求7所述的光学组件定位方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个定位块包含第一定位块、第二定位块,所述滑台在第一定位块与第二定位块之间运动。11. An optical component positioning method as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that the at least one positioning block comprises a first positioning block and a second positioning block, and the slide moves between the first positioning block and the second positioning block. 12.一种如权利要求11所述的光学组件定位方法,其特征在于,所述第一定位块与第二定位块之间由丝杠、导轨或滑杆连接。12. An optical component positioning method as claimed in claim 11, characterized in that the first positioning block and the second positioning block are connected by a lead screw, a guide rail or a sliding rod.
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