CN111515501B - TIG (tungsten inert gas) fuse welding device and method for low-resistivity material - Google Patents

Abstract

A TIG fuse welding device and welding method for low resistivity materials, comprising a first TIG power source, a first TIG welding gun, a second TIG power source, a second TIG welding gun and a hot wire power source, and the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the first TIG power source are respectively It is in electrical communication with the first TIG welding gun and the low-resistivity material base material, the negative and positive electrodes of the second TIG power source are respectively in electrical communication with the second TIG welding gun and the low-resistivity material base material, and the negative and positive electrodes of the hot wire power source are respectively connected with the second TIG welding gun and the low-resistivity material base material. The TIG welding torch and the welding wire are electrically connected, and the end of the welding wire is located between the fuse arc and the second TIG arc, so that the liquid metal formed by the melting of the welding wire by the fuse arc flows into the molten pool. The invention can form three arcs on the interface of the welding base metal, which not only realizes the early preheating of the low-resistivity base metal by using a small arc current, but also improves the absorption rate of the arc energy by the base metal to form the molten pool, welding Stability and welding efficiency.

Description

A kind of TIG fuse welding device and welding method of low resistivity material

technical field

The invention relates to the field of TIG welding, in particular to a TIG fuse welding device and a welding method of low-resistivity materials.

Background technique

Compared with MIG, the welding arc of TIG welding is extremely stable, and there is very little welding spatter during the welding process of TIG welding, so the welding of high quality welds can be achieved. However, the welding speed is low and the welding productivity is not high.

The hot wire TIG welding method is to preheat the welding wire in advance, and then send it into the molten pool of the TIG arc to realize welding. At present, the resistance heating wire method is used in hot wire TIG welding, but this method has the following disadvantages: although the welding wire has been heated to a certain temperature before being fed into the molten pool, it is still solid at this time, and it still needs to rely on the arc to be fed into the molten pool. When the wire feeding speed is increased, the TIG current acting on the molten pool must also increase, which will inevitably increase the heat input to the base metal and affect the base metal. The final welding quality; and the resistance heating wire process is suitable for materials with high resistivity such as carbon steel and stainless steel, but it is difficult to apply to high conductivity materials such as copper and aluminum.

A cold metal transfer welding method and its device published on March 14, 2012. By providing a cold metal transfer welding method and device, the welding wire relies on the auxiliary generated between the TIG welding torches before being fed into the molten pool. The arc is pre-heated. In order to ensure that the welding wire can accurately enter the molten pool after melting, the heating temperature of the welding wire is low, and it is still solid before being sent into the arc area formed by the main arc, so that the welding wire still consumes more energy of the main arc and the molten pool. This method still cannot guarantee the reduction of heat input to the welding base metal in the case of a large welding wire melting rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problems of large heat input to the base metal, large deformation and poor mechanical properties of the welding seam caused by increasing the melting and filling rate of the welding wire in the prior art, the present invention provides a TIG fuse welding device of low resistivity material And the welding method, the device forms three arcs on the welding base metal interface through the cooperation of two TIG power sources, two TIG welding torches and a hot wire power source with the base metal and welding wire, which not only realizes the use of small arc current to low The preheating of the resistivity base metal in advance also improves the absorption rate of the base metal to the arc energy forming the molten pool, improves the welding stability and welding efficiency, and reduces the incidence of weld defects.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a TIG fuse welding device of low resistivity material, comprising a first TIG power source, a first TIG welding gun, a second TIG power source, a second TIG welding gun and a hot wire A power source, wherein the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the first TIG power source are respectively in electrical communication with the first TIG welding torch and the low resistivity material base metal to be welded, thereby forming a preheating low temperature between the first TIG welding torch and the low resistivity material base metal. The first TIG arc in the area to be welded on the resistivity material base metal; the negative and positive electrodes of the second TIG power source are in electrical communication with the second TIG welding torch and the low resistivity material base metal, respectively, so that the second TIG welding torch and the low resistivity material are in electrical communication. A second TIG arc, which acts on the surface of the base metal of the low-resistivity material and forms a molten pool, is formed between the welds on the base metal; the negative and positive electrodes of the hot wire power source are respectively electrically connected to the second TIG welding torch and the welding wire, so that in the first A fuse arc is formed between the two TIG welding torches and the welding wire; the end of the welding wire is between the fuse arc and the second TIG arc, so that the liquid metal formed by the melting of the welding wire flows into the second TIG arc to form in the molten pool.

As an optimized solution of the above-mentioned TIG fuse welding device, the welding wire relies on a wire feeding tube to complete the wire feeding operation.

In the above-mentioned TIG fuse welding device, the low resistivity material refers to a material whose resistivity does not exceed 5.0 × 10 ^-7 Ω·m, such as aluminum and copper.

The using method of the above-mentioned TIG fuse welding device comprises the following steps:

1) Treat the surface of the base metal of the low resistivity material to remove impurities on the surface, and clamp and fix it on the welding fixture;

2) Define along the welding direction, in front of the welding direction, connect the negative and positive electrodes of the first TIG power source to the first TIG welding torch and the base metal of the low-resistivity material to be welded, respectively;

3) At the rear of the welding direction, the negative and positive electrodes of the second TIG power source are electrically connected to the second TIG welding torch and the base metal of the low-resistivity material, respectively;

4) Place the welding wire between the second TIG welding gun and the first TIG welding gun, and make the negative and positive electrodes of the hot wire power source electrically connected to the second TIG welding gun and the welding wire respectively; at this time, the welding wire is in the position of the second TIG welding gun. 0-5mm from the tip of the tungsten needle, 5-15mm behind the tip of the tungsten needle of the first TIG torch;

5) Start the first TIG power source, the second TIG power source and the hot wire power source, and perform welding with conventional TIG welding parameters and methods.

In the use method of the above-mentioned TIG fuse welding device, the TIG welding current of the first TIG welding torch 11 provided by the first TIG power supply 10 is 10-80A, the current of the hot wire power supply 2 is 10-200A, and the current of the second TIG power supply 1 is 10-200A. The welding current is 50-300A, and the welding speed is 5-50cm/min.

In the above-mentioned method of using the TIG fuse welding device, the fixture α between the first TIG welding torch 11 and the low-resistivity material base material 9 is 60°-90°, and the fixture β between the welding wire 5 and the low-resistivity material base material 9 is 20° -70°, the angle r between the second TIG welding torch 3 and the base metal of the low-resistivity material is 80°-90°.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1) Through the cooperation of two TIG power sources, two TIG welding torches and one hot wire power source with the base metal and welding wire, three arcs are formed on the interface of the welding base metal, which not only realizes the use of small arc currents for the low resistivity base metal Preheating in advance (the main purpose of preheating is to improve the weldability of the material, in the process of heating and maintaining a certain temperature, it can reduce the temperature difference in the welding joint area, so that the hardening tendency of the heat affected zone is weakened, and in the welding process It is beneficial to the escape of hydrogen, reducing the hydrogen content in the weld, preventing the occurrence of cold cracks, and improving the plasticity and toughness of the welded joint), and also improves the absorption rate of the arc energy formed by the base metal to the molten pool. Welding stability and welding efficiency, reducing the incidence of weld defects;

2) The present invention uses the negative pole of the hot wire power supply to connect the second TIG welding torch, the positive pole to connect the welding wire, the negative pole of the second TIG power supply that forms the molten pool to connect to the second TIG torch, and the positive pole to connect to the base metal, thereby forming two arcs, which are located in the welding The second TIG arc that forms the molten pool in the rear direction and the fuse arc located in the front of the welding direction, the welding wire is melted by the small arc (that is, the fuse arc) formed by the energy of the hot wire power supply within the arc that melts the base metal to form the molten pool. , the melting of the welding wire has nothing to do with the arc forming the molten pool, which can significantly improve the melting efficiency of the welding wire, which can achieve the welding wire melting rate comparable to MIG welding, and can avoid the welding spatter produced by MIG welding and increase the welding wire melting efficiency. Increasing the MIG current causes the heat input to the welding base metal to be too large, resulting in large deformation of the joint, coarse grains of the welded seam, and poor mechanical properties. The heat input to the welding base metal caused by the melting of the arc of the pool and the energy of the molten pool is too large, which will cause the defects of large deformation of the joint, coarse grains of the weld structure and poor mechanical properties;

3) The equipment used in the method of the present invention is composed of conventional equipment such as two TIG power sources, one hot wire power source, two TIG welding torches, base materials, wire feeding conduits, wire feeding machines, etc. The cost is low and the structure is simple. Easy to assemble.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the working principle diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the dotted line portion in Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of a surfacing weld on the base metal surface of a conventional TIG filler wire;

Fig. 4 is the longitudinal cross-section schematic diagram of the surfacing weld on the surface of the base metal of the weld of the present invention under the same process parameters of Fig. 3;

Reference numerals: 1. Second TIG power supply, 2. Hot wire power supply, 3. Second TIG welding torch, 4. Wire feed tube, 5. Welding wire, 6. Fuse arc, 7, Second TIG arc, 8. Welding Seam, 9. Base metal of low resistivity material, 10, First TIG power source, 11, First TIG welding torch, 12, First TIG arc, 13, Longitudinal surfacing of base metal of conventional TIG wire filler welding Section, 14. The longitudinal section of the surfacing weld on the surface of the base metal of the weld of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with specific embodiments, and the parts that are not specifically described in the following embodiments, such as the specific structures of TIG power sources, hot wire power sources, TIG welding torches, wire feed tubes, etc., and conventional TIG Welding parameters and methods, etc. are all known to those skilled in the art.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, a TIG fuse welding device of low resistivity material includes a first TIG power source 10, a first TIG welding gun 11, a second TIG power source 1, a second TIG welding gun 3 and a hot wire power source 2, wherein , the negative and positive electrodes of the first TIG power source 10 are respectively in electrical communication with the first TIG welding torch 11 and the low-resistivity material base material 9 to be welded, thereby forming a pre-preg The first TIG arc 12 in the area to be welded on the thermal low-resistivity material base metal 9; the negative and positive electrodes of the second TIG power source 1 are electrically connected to the second TIG welding torch 3 and the low-resistivity material base metal 9, respectively, so that the A second TIG arc 7 is formed between the TIG welding torch 3 and the weld 8 on the low-resistivity material base material 9 and acts on the surface of the low-resistivity material base material 9 to form a molten pool; the negative and positive electrodes of the hot wire power source 2 are respectively It is in electrical communication with the second TIG welding gun 3 and the welding wire 5, thereby forming a fuse arc 6 between the second TIG welding gun 3 and the welding wire 5; the end of the welding wire 5 is between the fuse arc 6 and the second TIG arc 7 , so that the liquid metal formed by the melting of the welding wire 5 by the fuse arc 6 flows into the molten pool formed by the second TIG arc 7 .

In this embodiment, the welding wire 5 relies on the wire feeding tube 4 and is supplemented by a conventional wire feeder and other equipment to complete the wire feeding operation, which will not be repeated here.

The using method of the above-mentioned TIG fuse welding device comprises the following steps:

1) Treat the surface of the base metal 9 of the low-resistivity material to remove impurities on its surface, and clamp and fix it on the welding fixture;

2) Define along the welding direction, in front of the welding direction, connect the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the first TIG power source 10 with the first TIG welding torch 11 and the base metal 9 of the low-resistivity material to be welded, respectively;

3) At the rear of the welding direction, the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the second TIG power source 1 are electrically connected to the second TIG welding torch 3 and the low-resistivity material base metal 9 respectively;

4) The welding wire 5 is placed between the second TIG welding gun 3 and the first TIG welding gun 11, and the negative and positive electrodes of the hot wire power source 2 are electrically connected to the second TIG welding gun 3 and the welding wire 5 respectively; at this time, the welding wire 5. At 0-5mm of the tungsten needle tip of the second TIG welding torch 3, and at 5-15 mm behind the tungsten needle tip of the first TIG welding torch 11;

5) Start the first TIG power source 10, the second TIG power source 1 and the hot wire power source 2, and perform welding with conventional TIG welding parameters and methods.

In the present invention, the welding current of the first TIG welding torch 11 provided by the first TIG power source 10 is 10-80A, the current of the hot wire power source 2 is 10-200A, and the welding current of the second TIG power source 1 is 50-300A , the welding speed is 5-50cm/min, the fixture α between the first TIG welding torch 11 and the low-resistivity material base metal 9 is 60°-90°, the welding wire 5 and the low-resistivity material base metal 9 The fixture β is 20°- 70°, the angle r between the second TIG welding torch 3 and the base metal of the low-resistivity material is 80°-90°.

In the present invention, the low-resistivity material refers to a material whose resistivity does not exceed 5.0 × 10 ^-7 Ω.m. With the characteristics of low resistivity and thermal conductivity, conventional resistance heating wires and high-frequency heating wires are difficult to To achieve the effect of preheating and melting, in conventional TIG filler wire welding, the heat input to the base metal caused by increasing the TIG current in order to increase the melting rate of the welding wire will occur, which will cause large joint deformation and weld structure. Defects with coarse grains and poor mechanical properties.

In the present invention, it can be found from the comparison between FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 that the upper and lower surfaces of the conventional TIG filler wire weld have uneven areas with undulations; while the upper and lower surfaces of the weld of the present invention are relatively flat , which also shows that the welding process of this method is relatively stable, and the obtained weld area is much larger than that of conventional TIG filler wire welding.

Claims (6)

1. A TIG fuse welding device of low resistivity material characterized by: the welding device comprises a first TIG power supply (10), a first TIG welding gun (11), a second TIG power supply (1), a second TIG welding gun (3) and a hot wire power supply (2), wherein the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the first TIG power supply (10) are respectively and electrically communicated with the first TIG welding gun (11) and a low-resistivity material parent metal (9) to be welded, so that a first TIG electric arc (12) for preheating a region to be welded on the low-resistivity material parent metal (9) is formed between the first TIG welding gun (11) and the low-resistivity material parent metal (9); a negative electrode and a positive electrode of a second TIG power supply (1) are respectively and electrically communicated with a second TIG welding gun (3) and the low-resistivity material parent metal (9), so that a second TIG electric arc (7) which acts on the surface of the low-resistivity material parent metal (9) to form a molten pool is formed between a welding seam (8) on the second TIG welding gun (3) and the low-resistivity material parent metal (9); the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the hot wire power supply (2) are respectively and electrically communicated with the second TIG welding gun (3) and the welding wire (5), so that a fuse wire arc (6) is formed between the second TIG welding gun (3) and the welding wire (5); the end part of the welding wire (5) is positioned between the fuse arc (6) and the second TIG arc (7), so that the liquid metal formed after the welding wire (5) is melted by the fuse arc (6) flows into a molten pool formed by the second TIG arc (7);

three electric arcs are formed on a welding base metal interface through the matching of two TIG power supplies, two TIG welding guns and a hot wire power supply with a base metal and a welding wire, so that the low-resistivity base metal is preheated in advance by using small electric arc current;

the low-resistivity material refers to a material with the resistivity not more than 5.0 x 10 < -7 > omega.

2. A TIG fuse welding device for low resistivity material according to claim 1, characterized by: and the welding wire (5) finishes wire feeding operation by virtue of the wire feeding pipe (4).

3. A TIG fuse welding device for low resistivity material according to claim 1, characterized by: the low-resistivity material refers to a material with the resistivity not more than 5.0 x 10 < -7 > omega.

4. A method of using a low resistivity material TIG fuse welding device according to claim 1, characterized by the steps of:

1) processing the surface of a low-resistivity material base metal (9), removing impurities on the surface of the base metal, and clamping and fixing the base metal on a welding fixture;

2) defined along the welding direction, and the negative electrode and the positive electrode of a first TIG power supply (10) are respectively and electrically communicated with a first TIG welding gun (11) and a low-resistivity material parent metal (9) to be welded in front of the welding direction;

3) the negative electrode and the positive electrode of a second TIG power supply (1) are respectively and electrically communicated with a second TIG welding gun (3) and a low-resistivity material base metal (9) at the rear part of the welding direction;

4) placing the welding wire (5) at a position between the second TIG welding gun (3) and the first TIG welding gun (11), and enabling the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the hot wire power supply (2) to be respectively and electrically communicated with the second TIG welding gun (3) and the welding wire (5); at the moment, the welding wire (5) is positioned at the position of 0-5mm of the tungsten tip of the second TIG welding gun (3) and at the position of 5-15mm behind the tungsten tip of the first TIG welding gun (11);

5) and starting the first TIG power supply (10), the second TIG power supply (1) and the hot wire power supply (2) to weld according to conventional TIG welding parameters and methods.

5. A method of using a low resistivity material TIG fuse welding apparatus in accordance with claim 4 including the steps of: the TIG welding current of the first TIG welding gun (11) provided by the first TIG power supply (10) is 10-80A, the current of the hot wire power supply (2) is 10-200A, the welding current of the second TIG power supply (1) is 50-300A, and the welding speed is 5-50 cm/min.

6. A method of using a low resistivity material TIG fuse welding apparatus in accordance with claim 4 including the steps of: the alpha of the clamp between the first TIG welding gun (11) and the low-resistivity material base metal (9) is 60-90 degrees, the beta of the clamp between the welding wire (5) and the low-resistivity material base metal (9) is 20-70 degrees, and the included angle r between the second TIG welding gun (3) and the low-resistivity material base metal is 80-90 degrees.

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