CN111622754A - Drilling pile while-drilling stratum parameter measuring sleeve for judging boundary zone of soil-rock stratum - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measuring sleeve for judging the boundary zone of soil-rock stratum, comprising a drill bit sleeved on a drill pipe, a positioning retaining ring, a measuring sleeve body and a soil-boring casing. Arc-shaped bump, the body of the measuring sleeve is equipped with a rectangular sliding frame and a movable block, and the movable block is equipped with a pressure test probe, a temperature test probe, a humidity test probe and a hardness test probe. Each probe is wirelessly transmitted, preamplified, and band-pass filtered. , RC shaping circuit and digital-to-analog conversion, output square wave signal, the output signal of pressure test probe and hardness tester probe is connected to buzzer and signal light through relay. The invention designs a novel measuring sleeve body, which uses the differential speed between it and the drill pipe to intermittently test the recoil pressure, hardness and temperature and humidity of the hole wall, so as to have a basic judgment on the drilling environment parameters; Intermittent signal is used as the excitation switching power supply of the relay, output a certain frequency of sound and light alarm signal, quickly determine the boundary zone of the unearthed rock, and provide guidance and basis for the construction of the upper soil and lower rock formation deep foundation pit engineering enclosure pile construction to determine the formation distribution information.

Description

A bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measuring sleeve for judging soil-rock stratum boundary zone

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bored pile drilling and measurement, in particular to a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measurement sleeve for judging the boundary zone of soil-rock strata.

Background technique

With the rapid development of municipal infrastructure such as subways and rainwater storage tanks in China, more and more deep foundation pit projects with upper soil and lower rock strata have appeared in Qingdao, Dalian, Xiamen and other cities, that is, the soil-rock boundary depth is above the base. Foundation pit works at several meters. The upper soil and lower rock stratum is a complex combination of stratum characteristics composed of the upper Quaternary loose strata or fully weathered rock strata, the lower rock strata and the boundary zone of soil-rock strata. The self-stabilizing ability of the upper soil stratum is poor, and safety risks such as large deformation and collapse are likely to occur during excavation of the foundation pit. Before excavation, strong enclosure measures such as enclosure piles and underground diaphragm walls are generally required to ensure construction safety; the lower part The rock layer has strong self-stabilizing ability, and there is generally no risk of overall collapse or harmful deformation during foundation pit excavation. As long as the geometric instability of local rock blocks is prevented, the safety of the foundation pit construction process can be ensured. The boundary zone of soil-rock strata is often a channel for groundwater enrichment and seepage. Groundwater will cause softening and deterioration of surrounding rock, strength reduction, seepage and under-corrosion, etc. Key areas that require special attention. The scientific determination of the soil-rock boundary zone for the construction of deep foundation pits in the upper soil and lower rock formations is conducive to many advantages such as reducing construction safety risks, improving project quality, and saving construction costs.

Bored piles have many advantages such as high degree of mechanization, strong stratum adaptability, flexible and quick construction, etc., and are currently the most common and effective technical measures used in the enclosure structure of deep foundation pits in upper soil and lower rock strata. Drilling of bored piles is carried out in the upper soil and lower rock formations with significant differences in physical and mechanical characteristics. The drill bit enters the rock formation from the soil layer, and the recoil pressure, hardness and temperature and humidity of the hole wall will show significant mutation characteristics. At present, the drilling-while-drilling test method for bored piles is relatively complex, and the data processing is cumbersome, and there is no special equipment for drilling-while-drilling drilling that is specially designed to determine the boundary depth of the upper soil and lower rock formations. Based on this, the present invention realizes the collection, processing and analysis of the recoil pressure, hardness and temperature and humidity information of the hole wall during the drilling process of the bored pile through the design of a complete set of scientific systems, and then completes the analysis of the upper soil and lower rock formations. Determination of soil-rock boundary zone in deep foundation pit engineering.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art, and propose a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measurement sleeve for judging the boundary zone of soil-rock stratum.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measuring sleeve for judging the boundary zone of soil-rock stratum includes a measuring sleeve body movably sleeved on a drill pipe, and the drill pipe is provided with a drill bit, a positioning retaining ring and a measuring sleeve from bottom to top Cylinder body and borrow casing;

The positioning retaining ring is welded on the outer wall of the drill pipe, the outer diameter of the positioning retaining ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the measuring sleeve body, and the outer diameter of the measuring sleeve body is smaller than the inner diameter of the drill bit;

The soil borrowing casing is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill pipe through a rectangular plate, and the soil borrowing casing, the rectangular plate and the outer wall of the drilling pipe form a fan-shaped soil borrowing cavity;

The measuring sleeve body is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the drill pipe. The top and bottom openings of the measuring sleeve body are lined with damping rubber rings. The outer side wall of the sleeve body is embedded with a rectangular sliding frame. The bottom wall and the top wall of the rectangular sliding frame both have straight sliding grooves. Both ends of the straight sliding grooves are end-sealed. The top and bottom of the slide are respectively provided with sliding columns that are slidingly matched with the straight chute, the side of the sliding column away from the drill rod is fixed on one end wall of the straight chute through a spring, and the side of the movable block close to the drill rod is specifically arc-shaped. The arc surface corresponding to the bump, the side of the movable block away from the drill pipe is provided with a soil unloading groove, and a pressure test probe, a temperature test probe, a humidity test probe and a hardness test probe are fixed in the soil discharge groove, and the pressure test probe, The protruding length of the temperature test probe, humidity test probe and hardness tester probe are all slightly higher than the depth of the unloading groove; so that when the arc-shaped bump hits the movable block, the movable block partially protrudes out of the rectangular sliding frame, so that each The probe conducts preliminary tests on various parameters of the environment in the borehole to further determine whether it is in the rock or in the soil layer;

The outer wall of the measuring sleeve body is also paved with anti-skid bevel teeth for anti-slipping, so that the measuring sleeve body is basically fixed by the extrusion of the hole wall and the debris in the hole. The relative movement between the bump and the measuring sleeve body is so that when the arc bump hits the movable block, the movable block partially protrudes out of the rectangular sliding frame, so that each probe can perform preliminary tests on various parameters of the drilling environment , such as the signal obtained by the pressure sensitivity and hardness tester in the soil is lower, and the signal obtained in the rock is higher, so the obtained signal intensity is inconsistent, so as to preliminarily determine whether it is in the rock or in the soil layer;

The measuring sleeve body of the present invention is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the drill pipe, which results in that when the drill pipe rotates, the measuring sleeve body is subjected to the pressure of the air, moisture, crushed stone and fine soil in the borehole, and the rotational speed is slow. There is a differential speed, which causes the arc bump of the drill pipe to hit the back of the movable block intermittently, causing each probe to impact and test the borehole wall, and the obtained parameters are the borehole environment; The impact method is used to verify the strength of the borehole and further verify the strength of the geology;

In addition, there is a deviation between the position of the sleeve body and the depth of the drill bit, which is a lag in judging whether the drill bit has just passed through the rock-soil boundary zone. The speed difference of the drill pipe in the soil layer and the rock layer is very large. Above 120r/min, but in rock formation the rotational speed often reaches below 30r/min, that is, the relative rotational speed of the arc-shaped bump and the measuring sleeve body is inconsistent in different soil layers, that is, the frequency of the arc-shaped bump hitting the movable block is also inconsistent. , that is, the test of the environment in the borehole by each probe, especially the recoil pressure and hardness value measured by the pressure test probe and the hardness tester, get intermittent sensing signals, and this intermittent signal in the rock and soil layers The frequency of the drill pipe is also different, so that the rotation speed of the drill pipe can be basically determined.

There are also wireless transmitter I and wireless transmitter II above the inner wall of the measuring sleeve body. The wireless transmitter I is connected in parallel with the pressure test probe and the hardness tester probe, and the wireless transmitter II wireless transmitter II temperature test probe and humidity test probe. The probes are connected in parallel;

Based on this, the present invention sets the following signal conversion circuit structure on the ground above the borehole, as follows:

The top of the drill pipe protrudes out of the ground, and the ground is provided with an alarm device casing and a computer. The computer is provided with a wireless receiver I connected with the wireless transmitter I at the same frequency and a wireless receiver II connected with the wireless transmitter II at the same frequency. And the signal frequencies of the wireless receiver I and the wireless receiver II differ by one to two orders of magnitude, so that the two can transmit and receive signals independently;

The wireless receiver I is electrically connected with a preamplifier I, the preamplifier I is electrically connected with a band-pass filter I, the band-pass filter I is electrically connected with an RC shaping circuit I, and the outputs of the RC shaping circuit I are connected in parallel in two groups. Output circuit, one group of output circuits is input into the digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected with a square wave oscilloscope; the other group of output circuits is input into the relay, and the relay is connected with a switch circuit. A 36V DC power supply, a magnetic blade controlled by the coil of the relay to close or disconnect, and a buzzer and signal light in parallel;

The relay is specifically composed of a transistor T1, a resistor R1 connected in series with the transistor T1, a resistor R2 connected in parallel with the transistor T1, a diode D1, and a magnetic coil connected in parallel with the diode D1. The output voltage through both ends is controlled by the transistor T1 and reversed by the diode D1. To freewheeling, make the magnetic coil of the relay have electromagnetic properties in a certain direction, and control the direction so that the magnetic coil is opposite to the magnetic blade. When the magnetic coil is electromagnetic, the magnetic blade can be effectively closed. When the magnetic coil is not electromagnetic The knife and the magnetic coil are automatically ferromagnetically attached, and the magnetic knife is in a disconnected state;

The RC shaping circuit I is specifically an RC series-parallel circuit composed of series resistors and capacitors R3 and C3 and parallel resistors and capacitors R4 and C4. The signal voltage obtained from the band-pass filter I is ±0.5V, and the voltage output to both ends of the relay is The signal is ±6V, which is equivalent to a certain amplification effect, which is used to trigger the magnetism of the relay coil, so as to control the fitting and repulsion of the magnetic knife, thereby causing the wireless receiver I to receive intermittent pressure and hardness as the drill pipe rotates. The signal is converted into a relatively stable intermittent square wave signal through pre-amplification, band-pass filtering, shaping amplification and digital-to-analog conversion, resulting in the intermittent opening of the relay. When the light is on, the integrated alarm frequency of the sound and light of the two can reflect the change of the speed of the drill pipe in time. For example, in the soil layer, the speed of An alarm is issued within a 0.5-second interval. If the rotational speed in the rock formation often reaches below 30r/min, that is, it takes 2 seconds to make a circle, that is, an alarm is issued within a 2-second interval of the sound and light signal. The naked eye and human ear can clearly judge the difference, which is very suitable for the range and change of the soil-rock boundary zone of pile foundation drilling or oil and gas drilling.

The preamplifier I, the band-pass filter I, the RC shaping circuit I, the digital-to-analog converter and the square wave oscilloscope are all arranged in the chassis of the computer and are electrically connected with the control chip of the computer, and the square wave oscilloscope is connected to the display screen of the computer. Electrical connection, output waveform analog signal displayed by square wave;

The wireless receiver II is connected to the preamplifier circuit II, the preamplifier circuit II is electrically connected with the band-pass filter II, the band-pass filter II is electrically connected with the RC shaping circuit II, the RC shaping circuit II and the RC shaping circuit are electrically connected The circuit of I and the input and output voltage signals are exactly the same, the RC shaping circuit II is input into the digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected with a square wave oscilloscope; preamplifier II, band-pass filter II, RC shaping circuit II , digital-to-analog converter and square wave oscilloscope are all installed in the computer case and are electrically connected to the control chip of the computer, and the square wave oscilloscope is electrically connected to the computer display screen to output the waveform analog signal displayed by the square wave.

Preferably, the pressure test probe is connected with a PPM-T330J pressure sensor through a signal line to test the recoil force of the inner wall of the borehole on the pressure test probe. Generally speaking, the recoil force obtained by the harder rock after being impacted by the pressure test probe is greater, Therefore, according to the magnitude of the recoil pressure signal obtained by the pressure sensor, it can be determined whether it is in the rock layer or the soil layer, and the impact resistance performance of the rock can also be verified.

Preferably, the temperature test probe and the humidity test probe are connected with a JWSK-6ACDDF explosion-proof temperature and humidity sensor through a signal line, which is used to measure the temperature and humidity of the current geological layer. Generally speaking, the temperature of the soil layer is low and the humidity is high. As one of the defining parameters of the geotechnical boundary zone;

Preferably, the hardness tester is connected with a JX096084310HBS-3000 digital Brinell hardness tester through a signal line, and the recoil force obtained by the impact hardness tester is obtained. The greater the electrical signal, the greater the hardness. The effect of soil hardness.

Preferably, the pressure sensor and the Brinell hardness tester are electrically connected to the wireless receiver I through signal lines, respectively, and the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected to the wireless receiver II through signal lines. Of course, before the measuring sleeve is drilled with the drill pipe, it is necessary to adjust the arc-shaped bumps, movable blocks, soil unloading grooves, pressure test probes, temperature test probes, humidity test probes, durometer probes and drill bits of appropriate size, and It is necessary to adjust the position of the straight chute and the sliding column so that the probes cannot touch the inner wall of the drilled hole when the arc-shaped bump is not in contact with the movable block. Each environmental parameter is measured, and after the measurement is completed, the probes are kept away from the inner wall of the borehole under the action of spring recovery, forming an intermittent test method, and the intermittent blank time of each environmental parameter also reflects the current drill pipe to a certain extent. The rotational speed can be used to compare the rotational speed difference between the soil layer and the rock layer, so as to quickly judge the basic environmental parameters in the borehole.

Preferably, the square wave output voltage signal U/V of the pressure test probe, the temperature test probe, the humidity test probe and the hardness tester probe is on the display screen of the same square wave oscilloscope, and the abscissas of the four groups of signals are time t/ s, the ordinates of the four sets of signals are distributed from top to bottom, so that the four sets of signals are displayed in the same ordinate system, so as to completely describe the graph of the recoil pressure, hardness, temperature and humidity with time, and the recoil pressure, hardness The frequency of the intermittent signal also characterizes the current speed change of the drill pipe;

The four groups of signal outputs of the square wave oscilloscope are used to observe, record and store the four groups of drilling parameter signals, which is conducive to comparative observation; the present invention adopts the pressure test probe, temperature test probe, humidity test probe and hardness tester probe on the movable block , test the recoil pressure, hardness and temperature and humidity of each probe to the hole wall while drilling, and judge the speed of the drill pipe according to the intermittent signals of the recoil pressure and hardness, and judge the drill bit according to the changes of these parameters. It passes through the soil layer, rock layer and its boundary zone, which provides a convenient and quick way to characterize the drilling environment, and has very important significance and reference value for on-site investigation.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention is respectively tested by the pressure test probe, temperature test probe, humidity test probe and hardness tester probe on the movable block, and the recoil pressure, hardness and temperature and humidity test of each probe to the hole wall are tested while drilling, With a basic judgment on the drilling environment parameters, it can not only be used for the drilling process of pile foundations, but also can be used for geological detection of complex foundations, tunnels and various underwater foundations, and has a wide range of applications.

2. In the present invention, a movable sleeve is set at a position near the top of the drill bit, and the pressure of the drilled hole on the measurement sleeve is used, and the rotational speed of the drill pipe and the measurement sleeve has a differential speed, thereby causing the arc-shaped bump of the drill pipe to intermittently impact the active block, prompting the probes on the active block to make a basic judgment on the recoil pressure, temperature, humidity and hardness of the inner wall of the borehole, which is used to hysterically determine whether the drill bit has passed through the boundary zone of different geological layers, and also provides drilling The function of hole site environmental parameters can further determine the quality of the geological layer.

3. Different from the various measuring while drilling devices in the prior art, the present invention is specifically aimed at the determination of the soil-rock boundary zone, and proposes a fast and simple measurement method, which can measure various rocks and soils in a geological layer of a certain depth. The boundary point between the layers can be obtained to obtain the most basic engineering rock mass quality evaluation.

4. In the present invention, the intermittent signals of the pressure test probe and the hardness tester probe are used as the excitation switching power supply of the relay, and are converted into relatively stable intermittent square wave signals through pre-amplification, band-pass filtering, shaping amplification and digital-to-analog conversion. This leads to the intermittent opening of the relay, which will cause the intermittent sound of the buzzer and the intermittent lighting of the signal light. The intermittent output of the alarm signals of the buzzer and the signal lamp has a rhythmic and real-time intuitive monitoring function; and the difference between the alarm signals can be clearly judged by the naked eye and the human ear, which is very suitable for pile foundation drilling or oil and gas drilling. The range and changes of the soil-rock boundary zone are highly intuitive and can be used for the whole process monitoring and nighttime alarm of the drilling process.

Description of drawings

1 is an internal structure diagram of a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measurement sleeve for judging the soil-rock stratum boundary zone proposed by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the appearance diagram of a kind of bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measuring sleeve for judging the soil-rock stratum boundary zone proposed by the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the movable block in a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measurement sleeve for judging the soil-rock stratum boundary zone proposed by the present invention.

4 is a block diagram of a signal transmission circuit for measuring the pressure and hardness in the casing while drilling formation parameters of bored piles for judging the boundary zone of soil-rock formation proposed by the present invention;

5 is a schematic diagram of the internal circuit connection of the alarm device housing of a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measurement sleeve for judging the soil-rock stratum boundary zone proposed by the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a signal transmission circuit for measuring the temperature and humidity in the casing while drilling the stratum parameters of the bored pile for judging the boundary zone of the soil-rock stratum proposed by the present invention.

In the figure: drill pipe 1, drill bit 2, positioning stop ring 3, measuring sleeve body 4, damping rubber ring 401, arc-shaped bump 402, rectangular sliding frame 403, straight sliding groove 404, movable block 405, sliding column 406, Spring 407, Unloading groove 408, Pressure test probe 409, Temperature test probe 410, Humidity test probe 411, Durometer probe 412, Wireless transmitter I 413, Wireless transmitter II 414, Anti-skid bevel teeth 415, Borrowing sleeve 5. Rectangular plate 6, alarm device casing 7.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

1-6, a bored pile-while-drilling stratum parameter measurement sleeve for determining the boundary zone of soil-rock strata includes a measuring sleeve body 4 that is movably sleeved on the drill pipe 1, and the drill pipe 1 is arranged from bottom to top There are drill bit 2, positioning retaining ring 3, measuring sleeve body 4 and soil borrowing casing 5; positioning retaining ring 3 is welded on the outer wall of drill pipe 1, the outer diameter of positioning retaining ring 3 is smaller than the outer diameter of measuring sleeve body 4, and the measuring sleeve The outer diameter of the barrel body 4 is smaller than the inner size of the drill hole of the drill bit 2; the soil borrowing casing 5 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill pipe 1 through the rectangular plate 6, and the soil borrowing casing 5, the rectangular plate 6 and the outer wall of the drilling pipe 1 form a fan-shaped Boring cavity; the measuring sleeve body 4 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the drill pipe 1 , the top opening and the bottom opening of the measuring sleeve body 4 are lined with damping rubber rings 401 , and the drill pipe 1 extends into the measuring sleeve body 4 The inner part is provided with arc-shaped bumps 402, and the outer side wall of the measuring sleeve body 4 is embedded with a rectangular sliding frame 403. The bottom wall and the top wall of the rectangular sliding frame 403 have straight sliding grooves 404, and both ends of the straight sliding groove 404 For the end-capping treatment, two sets of straight chutes 404 are clamped with movable blocks 405. The top and bottom of the movable blocks 405 are respectively provided with sliding columns 406 that are slidingly matched with the straight sliding grooves 404. 407 is fixed on one end wall of the straight chute 404, one side of the movable block 405 close to the drill pipe 1 is specifically an arc surface corresponding to the arc-shaped bump 402, and one side of the movable block 405 away from the drill pipe 1 is provided with a soil discharger. The tank 408, the soil unloading tank 408 is fixed with a pressure test probe 409, a temperature test probe 410, a humidity test probe 411 and a hardness tester probe 412, and the pressure test probe 409, the temperature test probe 410, the humidity test probe 411 and the hardness tester The protruding length of the probe 412 is slightly higher than the depth of the unloading groove 408; so that when the arc-shaped bump 402 hits the movable block 405, the movable block 405 partially protrudes out of the rectangular sliding frame 403, so that each probe can drill holes. Various parameters of the internal environment are initially tested to further determine whether it is in the rock or in the soil layer;

The testing principle of the present invention is: the outer wall of the measuring sleeve body 4 is also paved with anti-slip bevel teeth 415 for anti-slipping, so that the measuring sleeve body 4 is basically fixed by the extrusion of the hole wall and the debris in the hole, and the drill pipe 1 Drive the arc-shaped bump 402 to still rotate, causing the relative movement between the arc-shaped bump 402 and the measuring sleeve body 4, so that when the arc-shaped bump hits the movable block, the movable block partially protrudes out of the rectangular sliding frame, so that the Each probe conducts preliminary tests on various parameters of the borehole environment. For example, the signal obtained by pressure sensitivity in soil and hardness tester is low, and the signal obtained in rock is high, so the obtained signal intensity is inconsistent, so as to preliminarily determine whether it is in the rock or in the rock. In the soil layer; the measuring sleeve body 4 of the present invention is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the drill pipe 1, which causes that when the drill pipe 1 rotates, the measuring sleeve body 4 is affected by the air, moisture, gravel in the borehole The pressure and rotation speed of the fine soil is slow, and the two have a differential speed, which causes the arc-shaped bump 402 of the drill pipe 1 to intermittently hit the back of the movable block 405, causing each probe to impact and test the borehole wall, and the obtained parameters It is the drilling environment; at the same time, the strength of the drilling hole is verified by impacting the inner wall of the drilling hole, which further verifies the strength of the geology; in addition, there is a deviation between the position of the sleeve body 4 and the depth of the drill bit 2, which is a lag to judge whether the drill bit 2 has just been After passing through the rock-soil boundary zone, the rotational speed of drill pipe 1 in the soil layer and the rock layer is very different. That is, the relative rotational speed of the arc-shaped bump 402 and the measuring sleeve body 4 are inconsistent in different soil layers, that is, the frequency of the arc-shaped bump 402 hitting the movable block 405 is also inconsistent. It is the recoil pressure and hardness values measured by the pressure test probe 409 and the hardness tester probe 412 that obtain intermittent sensing signals, and the frequency of the intermittent signals in the rock and soil layers is also different, so that the drilling can be basically determined. The rotational speed of the rod 1 is slower in the fast rock layer in the soil layer, so it can be used to determine the positional relationship and range of the soil layer and the rock layer; the upper part of the inner wall of the measuring sleeve body 4 is also provided with a wireless transmitter I413 and a wireless transmitter. The transmitter II414, the wireless transmitter I413 are connected in parallel with the pressure test probe 409 and the hardness tester probe 412, and the wireless transmitter II414 and the wireless transmitter II414 are connected in parallel with the temperature test probe 410 and the humidity test probe 411.

Based on this, the present invention sets the following signal conversion circuit structure on the ground above the borehole, as follows:

The top of the drill pipe 1 protrudes out of the ground, and the ground is provided with an alarm device housing 7 and a computer. The computer is provided with a wireless receiver I connected with the wireless transmitter I413 at the same frequency and a wireless receiver connected with the wireless transmitter II414 at the same frequency. II, and the signal frequencies of the wireless receiver I and the wireless receiver II differ by one to two orders of magnitude, so that the two can transmit and receive signals independently;

The wireless receiver I is electrically connected with a preamplifier I, the preamplifier I is electrically connected with a band-pass filter I, the band-pass filter I is electrically connected with an RC shaping circuit I, and the outputs of the RC shaping circuit I are connected in parallel in two groups. an output circuit, wherein a group of output circuits is input into a digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected with a square wave oscilloscope;

Another group of output circuits is input to the relay, and the relay is connected with a switch circuit. The switch circuit is specifically composed of a 36V DC power supply, a magnetic switch that is controlled by the coil of the relay to close or disconnect, and a parallel buzzer and signal light. ; The relay is specifically composed of a transistor T1, a resistor R1 connected in series with the transistor T1, a resistor R2 connected in parallel with the transistor T1, a diode D1 and a magnetic coil connected in parallel with the diode D1. The output voltage through both ends, through the control of the transistor T1 and the output of the diode D1. Reverse freewheeling makes the magnetic coil of the relay have electromagnetic properties in a certain direction, and the control direction makes the magnetic coil opposite to the magnetic knife. When the magnetic coil is electromagnetic, the magnetic knife can be effectively closed. When the magnetic coil does not have electromagnetic The magnetic blade is automatically ferromagnetically attached to the magnetic coil, and the magnetic blade is in a disconnected state;

The RC shaping circuit I is specifically an RC series-parallel circuit composed of series resistors and capacitors R3 and C3 and parallel resistors and capacitors R4 and C4. The signal voltage obtained from the band-pass filter I is ±0.5V, and the voltage output to both ends of the relay is The signal is ±6V, which is equivalent to a certain amplification effect, which is used to trigger the magnetism of the relay coil, so as to control the fitting and repulsion of the magnetic knife, thereby causing the wireless receiver I to receive intermittent pressure and hardness as the drill pipe rotates. The signal is converted into a relatively stable intermittent square wave signal through pre-amplification, band-pass filtering, shaping amplification and digital-to-analog conversion, resulting in the intermittent opening of the relay. When the light is on, the integrated alarm frequency of the sound and light of the two can reflect the change of the speed of the drill pipe in time. For example, in the soil layer, the speed of An alarm is issued within a 0.5-second interval. If the rotational speed in the rock formation often reaches below 30r/min, that is, it takes 2 seconds to make a circle, that is, an alarm is issued within a 2-second interval of the sound and light signal. The naked eye and human ear can clearly judge the difference, which is very suitable for the range and change of the soil-rock boundary zone of pile foundation drilling or oil and gas drilling.

The preamplifier I, the band-pass filter I, the RC shaping circuit I, the digital-to-analog converter and the square wave oscilloscope are all arranged in the chassis of the computer and are electrically connected with the control chip of the computer, and the square wave oscilloscope is connected to the display screen of the computer. Electrical connection, output waveform analog signal displayed by square wave;

The wireless receiver II is connected to the preamplifier circuit II, the preamplifier circuit II is electrically connected with the band-pass filter II, the band-pass filter II is electrically connected with the RC shaping circuit II, the RC shaping circuit II and the RC shaping circuit are electrically connected The circuit of I and the input and output voltage signals are exactly the same, the RC shaping circuit II is input into the digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected with a square wave oscilloscope; preamplifier II, band-pass filter II, RC shaping circuit II , digital-to-analog converter and square wave oscilloscope are all installed in the computer case and are electrically connected to the control chip of the computer, and the square wave oscilloscope is electrically connected to the computer display screen to output the waveform analog signal displayed by the square wave.

Referring to Figure 1-3, the pressure test probe 409 is connected with a PPM-T330J pressure sensor through a signal line to test the recoil force of the inner wall of the borehole against the pressure test probe. The impulse force is larger, so it can be determined whether it is in the rock layer or the soil layer according to the magnitude of the recoil pressure signal obtained by the pressure sensor, and the impact resistance performance of the rock can also be verified.

1-3, the temperature test probe 410 and the humidity test probe 411 are connected with a JWSK-6ACDDF explosion-proof temperature and humidity sensor through a signal line to measure the temperature and humidity of the current geological layer. Generally speaking, the temperature of the soil layer is low and the humidity It can also be used as one of the defining parameters of the geotechnical boundary zone;

Referring to Figure 1-3, the hardness tester probe 412 is connected to a JX096084310HBS-3000 digital Brinell hardness tester through a signal line. The recoil force obtained by the impact hardness tester probe, the greater the electrical signal, the greater the hardness. , and also has the function of measuring the hardness of rock and soil.

1-3, the pressure sensor and the Brinell hardness tester are electrically connected to the wireless receiver I through signal lines, respectively, and the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected to the wireless receiver II through signal lines. Of course, before the measuring sleeve is drilled with the drill pipe, it is necessary to adjust the arc-shaped bumps, movable blocks, soil unloading grooves, pressure test probes, temperature test probes, humidity test probes, durometer probes and drill bits of appropriate size, and It is necessary to adjust the position of the straight chute and the sliding column so that the probes cannot touch the inner wall of the drilled hole when the arc-shaped bump is not in contact with the movable block. Each environmental parameter is measured, and after the measurement is completed, the probes are kept away from the inner wall of the borehole under the action of spring recovery, forming an intermittent test method, and the intermittent blank time of each environmental parameter also reflects the current drill pipe to a certain extent. The rotational speed can be used to compare the rotational speed difference between the soil layer and the rock layer, so as to quickly judge the basic environmental parameters in the borehole.

1-6, the square wave output voltage signal U/V of the pressure test probe 409, the temperature test probe 410, the humidity test probe 411 and the hardness tester probe 412 is on the display screen of the same square wave oscilloscope. The abscissas are all time t/s, and the ordinates of the four groups of signals are distributed from top to bottom, so that the four groups of signals are displayed in the same ordinate system, thus completely describing the recoil pressure, hardness, temperature and humidity with time. , and the frequency of intermittent signals of recoil pressure and hardness also characterizes the change of the current rotational speed of the drill pipe;

The four groups of signal outputs of the square wave oscilloscope are used to observe, record and store the four groups of drilling parameter signals, which is conducive to comparative observation; the present invention uses the pressure test probe 409, temperature test probe 410, humidity test probe 411 and The hardness tester probe 412 tests the recoil pressure, hardness and temperature and humidity of each probe to the hole wall while drilling, and determines the speed of the drill pipe 1 according to the intermittent signals of the recoil pressure and hardness. Based on the changes, it can be determined that the drill bit 2 passes through soil layers, rock layers and their boundary zones, so as to provide a convenient and quick way to characterize the drilling environment, which has very important on-site survey significance and reference value.

It also needs to be further explained that the measuring sleeve body 4 is the main body of the structure of the present invention, which is used to test the formation parameters in the hole wall closest to the drill bit 2, and can be applied to the test of the formation parameters in the hole wall of different depths in the whole process to achieve real-time. The whole process of monitoring. The present invention belongs to an independent component of the whole borehole monitoring system, and the depth of the specific formation also needs to cooperate with other testing instruments arranged above the drill pipe 1, such as rotational speed, torque, depth, hydraulic strength and force analysis of components, etc. . Compared with the above-ground equipment, the advantage of the present invention is that the stratum information closest to the drill bit 2 is tested, the reference value is greater, and the real-time performance is stronger, which is conducive to judging the running state of the drill bit 2, so as to provide information for the entire monitoring system and the entire drill bit. The drilling process provides the most accurate formation information and guarantees the safety assessment of drilling work and subsequent maintenance.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A drilling pile while-drilling stratum parameter measuring sleeve for judging an earth-rock stratum boundary zone comprises a measuring sleeve body (4) movably sleeved on a drill rod (1), and is characterized in that the drill rod (1) is provided with a drill bit (2), a positioning baffle ring (3), a measuring sleeve body (4) and an earth taking sleeve (5) from bottom to top;

the positioning baffle ring (3) is welded on the outer wall of the drill rod (1), the outer diameter of the positioning baffle ring (3) is smaller than the outer diameter of the measuring sleeve body (4), and the outer diameter of the measuring sleeve body (4) is smaller than the inner size of a drill hole of the drill bit (2);

the soil sampling sleeve (5) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the drill rod (1) through a rectangular plate (6), and the soil sampling sleeve (5), the rectangular plate (6) and the outer wall of the drill rod (1) form a fan-shaped soil sampling cavity;

the measuring sleeve is characterized in that the measuring sleeve body (4) is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the drill rod (1), damping rubber rings (401) are lined at the top end opening and the bottom end opening of the measuring sleeve body (4), arc-shaped convex blocks (402) are arranged at the part, extending into the measuring sleeve body (4), of the drill rod (1), a rectangular sliding frame (403) is embedded into the outer side wall of the measuring sleeve body (4), straight sliding grooves (404) are formed in the bottom wall and the top wall of the rectangular sliding frame (403), end sealing treatment is carried out at the two ends of each straight sliding groove (404), movable blocks (405) are clamped in the two groups of straight sliding grooves (404), sliding columns (406) in sliding fit with the straight sliding grooves (404) are respectively arranged at the top and the bottom of each movable block (405), one side face, far away from the drill rod (1), of each sliding column (406) is fixedly connected to one end wall of each straight sliding groove (404) through a spring (407), one side face, close to the drill rod (1), of each, a soil unloading groove (408) is formed in one side face, away from the drill rod (1), of the movable block (405), a pressure testing probe (409), a temperature testing probe (410), a humidity testing probe (411) and a hardness meter measuring head (412) are fixedly arranged in the soil unloading groove (408), and the extending lengths of the pressure testing probe (409), the temperature testing probe (410), the humidity testing probe (411) and the hardness meter measuring head (412) are all slightly larger than the depth of the soil unloading groove (408); so that when the arc-shaped lug (402) impacts the movable block (405), the movable block (405) partially extends out of the rectangular sliding frame (403);

the outer wall of the measuring sleeve body (4) is further paved with anti-skid bevel teeth (415);

a wireless transmitter I (413) and a wireless transmitter II (414) are further arranged above the inner wall of the measuring sleeve body (4), the wireless transmitter I (413) is connected with the pressure testing probe (409) and the hardness tester measuring head (412) in parallel, and the wireless transmitter II (414) is connected with the wireless transmitter II (414) and the temperature testing probe (410) and the humidity testing probe (411) in parallel;

the top end of the drill rod (1) extends out of the ground, the ground is provided with an alarm device shell (7) and a computer, a wireless receiver I which is connected with a wireless transmitter I (413) in a same-frequency mode and a wireless receiver II which is connected with a wireless transmitter II (414) in a same-frequency mode are arranged in the computer, and the difference between the signal frequency of the wireless receiver I and the signal frequency of the wireless receiver II is one to two orders of magnitude, so that the wireless receiver I and the wireless receiver II can independently transmit and receive signals;

the wireless receiver I is electrically connected with a preamplifier I, the preamplifier I is electrically connected with a band-pass filter I, the band-pass filter I is electrically connected with an RC shaping circuit I, the output of the RC shaping circuit I is respectively connected with two groups of parallel output circuits, one group of output circuits are input into a digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected with a square wave oscilloscope; the other group of output circuits are input into a relay, the relay is connected with a switch circuit, and the switch circuit is specifically composed of a 36V direct-current power supply, a magnetic knife switch which is controlled by a coil of the relay to be tightly attached or disconnected, and a buzzer and a signal lamp which are connected in parallel;

the relay is characterized by comprising a triode T1, a resistor R1 connected with a triode T1 in series, a resistor R2 connected with the triode T1 in parallel, a diode D1 and a magnetic coil connected with a diode D1 in parallel, wherein voltages are output from two ends of the magnetic coil, the magnetic coil of the relay is enabled to have certain direction electromagnetism through the control of the triode T1 and the reverse follow current of the diode D1, the control direction enables the magnetic coil to be opposite to the magnetic knife switch, the magnetic knife switch can be effectively enabled to be in a closed state when the magnetic coil is electrified and magnetized, and when the magnetic coil is not electrified and magnetized, the magnetic knife switch is automatically and ferromagnetically attached to the magnetic coil, and then the magnetic knife switch is in an open state;

the RC shaping circuit I is an RC series-parallel circuit which is composed of series resistor capacitors R3 and C3 and parallel resistor capacitors R4 and C4, the signal voltage obtained from the band-pass filter I is +/-0.5V, and the voltage signal output to the two ends of the relay is +/-6V;

the preamplifier I, the band-pass filter I, RC shaping circuit I, the digital-to-analog converter and the square wave oscilloscope are all arranged in the case of the computer and are electrically connected with a control chip of the computer, and the square wave oscilloscope is electrically connected with a display screen of the computer and outputs a waveform analog signal displayed by square waves;

the wireless receiver II is connected to the preamplifier circuit II, the preamplifier circuit II is electrically connected with the band-pass filter II, the band-pass filter II is electrically connected with the RC shaping circuit II, the RC shaping circuit II and a circuit of the RC shaping circuit I and input and output voltage signals are completely the same, the RC shaping circuit II is input into the digital-to-analog converter, and the digital-to-analog converter is electrically connected with a square wave oscilloscope; the preamplifier II, the band-pass filter II, the RC shaping circuit II, the digital-to-analog converter and the square wave oscilloscope are all arranged in a case of the computer and are electrically connected with a control chip of the computer, and the square wave oscilloscope is electrically connected with a display screen of the computer and outputs a waveform analog signal displayed by square waves.

2. The casing for measuring the formation parameters while drilling of the drilling pile for judging the boundary zone of the earth-rock formation is characterized in that the pressure test probe (409) is connected with a PPM-T330J pressure sensor through a signal line.

3. The sleeve for measuring the formation parameters while drilling of the bored pile for judging the boundary zone of the earth-rock formation is characterized in that a JWSK-6 ACDF explosion-proof temperature and humidity sensor is connected to the temperature test probe (410) and the humidity test probe (411) through signal lines.

4. The sleeve for measuring the formation parameters while drilling of the bored pile for judging the boundary zone of the earth-rock formation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hardness tester probe (412) is connected with a digital display Brinell hardness tester model JX096084310HBS-3000 through a signal line.

5. The sleeve for measuring formation parameters while drilling of the drilling pile for determining the boundary zone of the earth-rock formation as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the pressure sensor and the Brinell hardness tester are electrically connected with the wireless receiver I through signal lines respectively, and the temperature and humidity sensor is electrically connected with the wireless receiver II through signal lines.

6. The sleeve for measuring the formation parameters while drilling of the bored pile for judging the earth-rock formation boundary zone according to claim 1, wherein square wave output voltage signals U/V of the pressure test probe (409), the temperature test probe (410), the humidity test probe (411) and the hardness tester probe (412) are on a display screen of the same square wave oscilloscope, the abscissa of each of the four groups of signals is time t/s, and the ordinate of each of the four groups of signals is distributed from top to bottom.

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