CN111717068B - Charging circuit and method and vehicle - Google Patents
Charging circuit and method and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN111717068B CN111717068B CN201910217508.XA CN201910217508A CN111717068B CN 111717068 B CN111717068 B CN 111717068B CN 201910217508 A CN201910217508 A CN 201910217508A CN 111717068 B CN111717068 B CN 111717068B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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Abstract
本发明实施例涉及电路技术领域，公开了一种充电电路及方法、车辆。充电电路包括第一继电器、第二继电器、预检回路以及控制器，控制器在充电端口连接到外部电源时，控制闭合充电端口中的第二继电器，导通并联于充电端口中的第一继电器的任一预检回路，采集充电端口中的第一继电器的第二端与电池组的第二端之间的电压，记作第一电压；控制器根据第一电压与电池组的电压，确定是否存在充电故障；控制器在确定不存在充电故障时，控制充电端口中的第一继电器闭合，并关断处于导通状态的预检回路。本发明中，可以有效消除充电端口中的第一继电器在闭合时的冲击电流，减少了第一继电器粘连、充电端口带电和电池组过充等安全事故的发生。
Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of circuits, and disclose a charging circuit and method, and a vehicle. The charging circuit includes a first relay, a second relay, a pre-check loop and a controller. When the charging port is connected to an external power source, the controller controls to close the second relay in the charging port and turn on the first relay in parallel with the charging port. The voltage between the second terminal of the first relay in the charging port and the second terminal of the battery pack is collected, and recorded as the first voltage; the controller determines the voltage between the first voltage and the battery pack according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack Whether there is a charging fault; when the controller determines that there is no charging fault, the controller controls the first relay in the charging port to close, and turns off the pre-check loop in the conducting state. In the present invention, the inrush current when the first relay in the charging port is closed can be effectively eliminated, and the occurrence of safety accidents such as the adhesion of the first relay, the charging of the charging port and the overcharging of the battery pack can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of circuits, in particular to a charging circuit and method and a vehicle.
Background
With the development of battery technology, the electric automobile replacing fuel automobile has become the development trend of automobile industry. In an electric vehicle, high-power switching devices, such as a first relay, a contactor, and loads, are used, which are important for safe operation of the entire vehicle. At present, a charging pile manufacturer sets a charging pile in a community and a preset place, and when an electric automobile is connected to a charging gun of the charging pile, the battery of the electric automobile is charged.
The inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: when charging electric automobile's battery, electric automobile's first relay closure can produce great impulse current in the twinkling of an eye, causes electric automobile's first relay adhesion, leads to electric automobile's battery overcharge or electric automobile charging port electrified, has the potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a charging circuit, a charging method and a vehicle, which can judge whether a charging fault exists in advance, effectively eliminate impulse current of a first relay in a charging port when the first relay is closed, and reduce safety accidents such as adhesion of the first relay, charging of the charging port, overcharge of a battery pack and the like.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a charging circuit, including at least one first relay, at least one second relay, at least one pre-detection loop, and a controller respectively connected to a control terminal of the first relay, a control terminal of the second relay, and each pre-detection loop; the pre-detection loop corresponds to any one first relay, the pre-detection loop is connected with the corresponding first relay in parallel, the first end of each first relay is connected to the first end of the battery pack, the first end of each second relay is connected to the second end of the battery pack, the first relay corresponds to any one second relay, and the second end of the first relay and the second end of the corresponding second relay form a charging port; the controller is used for controlling to close a second relay in the charging port when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, conducting any pre-detection loop of a first relay connected in parallel in the charging port, collecting voltage between a second end of the first relay in the charging port and a second end of the battery pack, and recording the voltage as first voltage; the controller is also used for determining whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack; the controller is also used for controlling a first relay in the charging port to be closed and switching off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state when the charging fault does not exist.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a charging method, which is applied to a controller of a charging circuit, wherein the charging circuit further comprises at least one first relay, at least one second relay and at least one pre-detection loop, and the controller is respectively connected to the control end of the first relay, the control end of the second relay and each pre-detection loop; the pre-detection circuit corresponds to any one first relay, the pre-detection circuit is connected with the corresponding first relay in parallel, the first end of each first relay is connected to the first end of the battery pack, the first end of each second relay is connected to the second end of the battery pack, the first relay corresponds to any one second relay, and the first relay and the corresponding second relay form a charging port; the method comprises the following steps: when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, controlling to close a second relay in the charging port, conducting any pre-detection loop of a first relay connected in parallel in the charging port, collecting voltage between a second end of the first relay in the charging port and a second end of the battery pack, and recording the voltage as first voltage; determining whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack; and when the charging fault does not exist, controlling a first relay in the charging port to be closed, and turning off the pre-detection loop in the conducting state.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle comprising the charging circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention controls to close the second relay in the charging port when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, switches on any pre-detection loop of the first relay connected in parallel in the charging port, collects the voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack, records the voltage as the first voltage, determines whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack, controls the first relay in the charging port to be closed when the charging fault does not exist, and switches off the pre-detection loop in the conducting state to charge the battery pack; therefore, whether a charging fault exists or not can be judged in advance before the battery pack is charged, when the charging fault does not exist, the first relay in the charging port is closed, the impact current of the first relay in the charging port when the first relay is closed can be effectively eliminated, and the occurrence of safety accidents such as adhesion of the first relay, charging port electrification and battery pack overcharge is reduced.
In addition, the controller is used for judging whether the first voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold value, determining that a charging fault exists when the first voltage is judged to be less than or equal to the first voltage threshold value, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state; the controller is used for judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold value or not when judging that the first voltage is larger than the preset first voltage threshold value, and determining that no charging fault exists when judging that the absolute value of the difference value is smaller than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold value; and when the absolute value of the difference is judged to be larger than the preset second voltage threshold, determining that a charging fault exists, and turning off the pre-detection loop in the conducting state. The embodiment provides a specific implementation manner for determining whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack.
In addition, the controller is configured to determine whether an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold after a preset time period elapses when it is determined that the first voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, and determine that there is no charging fault when it is determined that the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold; and when the absolute value of the difference is judged to be larger than the preset second voltage threshold, determining that a charging fault exists, and turning off the pre-detection loop in the conducting state. In this embodiment, the preset duration is set to determine whether the absolute value of the difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold when the first voltage is stable, so as to ensure the accuracy of the determination result.
In addition, the pre-detection loop comprises a pre-detection relay and a resistance network which are connected in series, and the controller is connected to the control end of the pre-detection relay; the controller is used for controlling the closing of a pre-detection relay in any pre-detection loop of the first relay connected in parallel in the charging port to conduct the pre-detection loop; the controller is used for switching off the on-state pre-detection loop by controlling the on-state pre-detection relay in the on-state pre-detection loop to be switched off. The embodiment provides a specific implementation mode of the pre-detection loop.
In addition, the number of the pre-detection loops is multiple, and the multiple pre-detection loops share one resistor network.
In addition, the charging circuit further includes: the device comprises a first voltage sampling module and a second voltage sampling module; the number of the first voltage sampling modules is multiple; the first relays correspond to the first voltage sampling modules one to one; the first voltage sampling module is connected between the second end of the corresponding first relay and the second end of the battery pack; the second voltage sampling module is connected between two ends of the battery pack; the controller is used for acquiring the voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack through the first voltage sampling module corresponding to the first relay in the charging port; the controller is used for collecting the voltage of the battery pack through the second voltage sampling module. This embodiment provides a specific embodiment of collecting a voltage between the second end of the first relay and the second end of the battery pack in the charging port and a voltage of the battery pack.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram of a charging circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block schematic diagram of a charging circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit configuration diagram of a charging circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which a plurality of first relays correspond to one second relay;
fig. 4 is a circuit configuration diagram of a charging circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit configuration diagram of a charging circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention; wherein a plurality of pre-detection loops share a resistor network;
fig. 6 is a detailed flowchart of a charging method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a detailed flowchart of a charging method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a detailed flowchart of a charging method according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous technical details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application in various embodiments of the present invention. However, the technical solution claimed in the present application can be implemented without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments.
A first embodiment of the invention relates to a charging circuit applied to an electric vehicle for charging a battery pack of the electric vehicle; referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the charging circuit includes: at least one first relay 1, at least one second relay 2, at least one pre-check loop 3 and a controller 4. The controller 4 may be a battery management system of an electric vehicle.
The controller 4 is respectively connected to the control end of each first relay 1, the control end of each second relay 2 and each pre-detection loop 3, the pre-detection loop 3 corresponds to any one first relay 1, and the pre-detection loop 3 is connected in parallel to the corresponding first relay 1, that is, each first relay 1 can be connected in parallel to one or more pre-detection loops 3.
The first end of each first relay 1 is connected in the first end of group battery 5, the first end of each second relay 2 is connected in the second end of group battery 5, first relay 1 corresponds to arbitrary second relay 2, first relay 1 forms the charging port with corresponding second relay 2, an electric vehicle can include one or more charging port, first relay 1 and second relay 2 can be respectively for positive relay and the negative relay in the charging circuit, the relay of connecting in the anodal relay of group battery 5 is positive relay, the relay of connecting in the negative pole of group battery 5 is negative relay, two kinds of condition are included promptly: firstly, the first relay 1 is a positive relay, and the second relay 2 is a negative relay; second, the first relay 1 is a negative relay, and the second relay 2 is a positive relay. In this embodiment and the following embodiments, the first relay 1 is taken as a positive relay, and the second relay 2 is taken as a negative relay.
As shown in fig. 1, the electric vehicle includes two charging ports, K11, K21 are first relays 1, K12, K22 are second relays 2, the first relays 1K11 correspond to the second relays K12, and the first relays 1K21 correspond to the second relays K22. In the present embodiment and the following embodiments, the electric vehicle is described as including two charging ports. In addition, a plurality of first relays 1 may correspond to the same second relay 2, and as shown in fig. 3, two first relays 1K11, K21 correspond to one second relay 2K 12.
When electric vehicle's the port that charges is connected to external power source, for electric vehicle's group battery charges, external power source can be for filling electric pile, it can fill electric pile for single rifle to fill electric pile, the electric pile is filled to the double gun, the electric pile etc. is filled to the multi-gun, every rifle that charges includes positive relay and negative relay, the positive relay and the negative relay of each rifle that charges are connected with the electric capacity, as shown in fig. 1, K31, K41 are positive relay, K12, K22 is negative relay, electric capacity C1, C2 are the electric capacity that each rifle that charges corresponds. After the charging gun is inserted into the charging port of the electric vehicle, the positive relay and the negative relay of the charging gun are respectively connected to the positive relay and the negative relay of the charging port. The battery management system of the electric vehicle and the charging pile carry out charging parameter configuration, and after the charging parameter configuration is completed, the battery management system of the electric vehicle judges whether a positive relay and a negative relay of a charging port of the electric vehicle need to be closed or not according to a timing message, a charging capacity message and a self state sent by the charging pile. It should be noted that, in this embodiment and the following embodiments, the charging pile is taken as a dual-gun charging pile as an example for description; in addition, still include components and parts such as diode and electrolytic capacitor in filling electric pile, no longer give unnecessary details here.
When the charging gun is inserted into the charging port of the electric vehicle, that is, the first relay 1 is connected to the positive relays of the charging gun, that is, the positive relays K11, K21 are connected to the positive relays K31, K41 of the charging gun, respectively, and at this time, the negative relays K12, K22 are connected to the negative relays K32, K42 of the charging gun, respectively.
When the charging port is connected to an external power supply, namely a charging gun is inserted into the charging port, the first relay 1 is connected to a positive relay of the charging gun, and the second relay 2 is connected to a negative relay of the charging gun; that is, the first relays 1K11, K21 are connected to the positive relays K31, K41 of the charging gun, respectively, and the second relays 2K12, K22 are connected to the negative relays K32, K42 of the charging gun, respectively; taking the charging port including K11 and K12 as an example, the controller 4 controls to close the second relay 2K12 in the charging port, to turn on any one of the pre-detection circuits 3 connected in parallel to the first relay 1 in the charging port, and to collect the voltage between the second terminal of the first relay 1K11 in the charging port and the second terminal of the battery pack 5, which is referred to as a first voltage. Specifically, the controller 4 first controls the second relay 2K12 to close, and turns on the pre-detection circuit 3 connected in parallel to the first relay 1K11, so as to charge the capacitor C1 corresponding to the charging gun, and after the capacitor C1 is charged, the voltage between the second end of the first relay 1K11 and the second end of the battery pack 5 is collected and recorded as the first voltage. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment and the following embodiments, the first relay 1 is connected in parallel to one pre-detection loop 3 as an example, and when the first relay 1 is connected in parallel to a plurality of pre-detection loops 3, the pre-detection loop 3 can be selected to be closed according to the situation.
The controller 4 is further configured to determine whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack 5, that is, determine whether a charging gun connected to the charging port has a fault, and when it is determined that the charging gun has no charging fault, control the first relay 1K11 in the charging port to close and turn off the pre-detection loop 3 in a conducting state, so that the battery pack 5 can be charged by the charging gun; after the first relay 1K11 in the charging port is controlled to be closed, since the first relay 1K11 is usually a mechanical switch, a delay time, for example, 100ms, is set, and the pre-detection loop 3 in the on state is turned off.
It should be noted that, if the electric vehicle includes a plurality of charging ports, when the plurality of charging ports are connected to the charging guns, it is sequentially determined whether a charging fault exists in the plurality of charging guns, and when any charging gun has a fault, it is determined that the charging pile has a fault, and the charging pile cannot be used for charging the battery pack; if the battery pack of the electric vehicle is charged by a single gun, the charging gun connected with the electric vehicle is guaranteed to be free of fault, and the charging pile can be used for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle.
Compared with the prior art, when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, the embodiment controls to close the second relay in the charging port, switches on any pre-detection loop of the first relay connected in parallel in the charging port, acquires the voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack, records the voltage as a first voltage, determines whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack, and controls to close the first relay in the charging port and switches off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state to charge the battery pack when the charging fault does not exist; therefore, whether a charging fault exists or not can be judged in advance before the battery pack is charged, when the charging fault does not exist, the first relay in the charging port is closed, the impact current of the first relay in the charging port when the first relay is closed can be effectively eliminated, and the occurrence of safety accidents such as adhesion of the first relay, charging port electrification and battery pack overcharge is reduced.
A second embodiment of the present invention relates to a charging circuit, and is substantially the same as the first embodiment, and is mainly different from the first embodiment in that: referring to fig. 1 to 3, specific ways of determining whether there is a charging failure according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack are provided.
The controller 4 is configured to determine whether the first voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold, determine that a charging fault exists when it is determined that the first voltage is less than or equal to the first voltage threshold, and turn off the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state. Specifically, the controller 4 determines whether a short-circuit fault exists on the charging pile side by determining whether the first voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold, and if the first voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, it indicates that the short-circuit fault does not exist on the charging pile side; otherwise, it indicates that there is a short-circuit fault on the charging pile side, i.e. there is a charging fault, and turns off the pre-detection loop 3 in the on state.
The controller 4 is used for judging whether the charging pile is matched with the electric vehicle or not by judging whether the absolute value of the difference value of the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold or not when the first voltage is judged to be larger than the preset first voltage threshold; if the absolute value of the difference value between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold, it is indicated that an overlarge impact current cannot be generated when the first relay 1 is closed, the charging pile is matched with the electric vehicle, then the first relay 1 in the charging port is controlled to be closed, the pre-detection loop 3 in a conducting state is turned off, and therefore the battery pack 5 can be charged through the charging gun; if the absolute value of the difference of the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is greater than the preset second voltage threshold, it is described that an excessive impact current is generated when the first relay 1 is closed, the problem of adhesion of the first relay 1 can be caused, the charging pile is not matched with the electric vehicle, namely, a charging fault exists, and the pre-detection loop 3 in a conducting state is turned off.
In one example, when determining that the first voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, after a preset time period, the controller 4 determines whether an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold, where the preset time period is, for example, 1S; and the preset time is set so as to judge whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold value when the first voltage is stable, so that the accuracy of the judgment result is ensured.
The present embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of determining whether there is a charging failure based on the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack, as compared to the first embodiment.
A third embodiment of the present invention relates to a charging circuit, and is a refinement of the first embodiment, and is mainly characterized in that: referring to fig. 4, the pre-test circuit 3 includes a pre-test relay K1 and a resistor network 6; the resistor network 6 can be composed of a plurality of resistors connected in series, parallel or series-parallel.
The controller 4 is connected to the control end of the pre-test relay K1, and in fig. 4, an example will be described in which one end of the resistor network 6 is connected to the first end of the first relay 1 corresponding to the pre-test circuit 3, the other end of the resistor network 6 is connected to one end of the pre-test relay K1, and the other end of the pre-test relay K1 is connected to the second end of the first relay 1 corresponding to the pre-test circuit 3.
Taking the charging port including K11 and K12 as an example, when the charging port is connected to an external power source, that is, when a charging gun is inserted into the charging port, the controller 4 controls the second relay 2K12 in the charging port to be closed, controls the pre-test relay K1 in the pre-test circuit 3 connected in parallel to K11 to be closed, so as to conduct the pre-test circuit 3, and collects the voltage between the second end of the first relay 1K11 in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack 5, and records the voltage as a first voltage.
The controller 4 is further configured to determine whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack 5, that is, determine whether a charging gun connected to the charging port has a fault, and when it is determined that the charging gun has no charging fault, the controller 4 controls the first relay 1K11 in the charging port to be closed and turns off the pre-detection loop 3 in the on state by controlling the pre-detection relay K1 in the pre-detection loop 3 in the on state to be opened, so as to charge the battery pack 5; after the first relay 1K11 in the charging port is controlled to be closed, since the first relay 1K11 is generally a mechanical switch, a delay time, for example, 100ms, is set, and the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state is turned off by controlling the pre-detection relay K1 in the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state to be turned off.
In one example, when the number of the pre-detection loops 3 is multiple, the multiple pre-detection loops 3 are configured to share one resistor network 6, and referring to fig. 5, two pre-detection loops 3 share one resistor network 6.
In this embodiment, the charging circuit further includes: a plurality of first voltage sampling modules 7 and second voltage sampling modules 8; the first voltage sampling modules 7 correspond to the first relays 1 one by one, and the first voltage sampling modules 7 are connected between the second ends of the corresponding first relays 1 and the second end of the battery pack 5; the second voltage sampling module 8 is connected between two ends of the battery pack 5; the controller 4 is used for acquiring the voltage between the second end of the first relay 1 in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack 5 through the first voltage sampling module 7 corresponding to the first relay 1 in the charging port; the controller is used for acquiring the voltage of the battery pack 5 through the second voltage sampling module 8. The first voltage sampling module 7 and the second voltage sampling module 8 may be composed of a sampling resistor network and a switch circuit.
This embodiment provides a specific structure of the preliminary test circuit, compared to the first embodiment. In addition, the present embodiment can be further refined as compared with the second embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
A fourth embodiment of the present invention relates to a charging method applied to the controller 4 of the charging circuit of any one of the first to third embodiments, the controller 4 may be a battery management system of an electric vehicle; the following takes the charging circuit in the first embodiment as an example, please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2.
Fig. 5 shows a specific flow of the method for detecting a load state according to the present embodiment.
Specifically, taking the example where the charging port includes K11 and K12, the controller 4 controls to close the second relay 2K12 in the charging port, to turn on any one of the pre-detection circuits 3 connected in parallel to the first relay 1 in the charging port, and to collect the voltage between the second terminal of the first relay 1K11 in the charging port and the second terminal of the battery pack 5, which is referred to as a first voltage. Specifically, the controller 4 first controls the second relay 2K12 to close, and turns on the pre-detection circuit 3 connected in parallel to the first relay 1K11, so as to charge the capacitor C1 corresponding to the charging gun, and after the capacitor C1 is charged, the voltage between the second end of the first relay 1K11 and the second end of the battery pack 5 is collected and recorded as the first voltage.
And step 102, determining whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack. If yes, directly ending; if not, go to step 103.
And 103, controlling a first relay in the charging port to be closed, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state.
Specifically, the controller 4 determines whether there is a charging failure, that is, determines whether there is a failure of the charging gun connected to the charging port, based on the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack 5, and controls the first relay 1K11 in the charging port to close and turn off the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state when it is determined that there is no charging failure of the charging gun, so that the battery pack 5 can be charged by the charging gun; after the first relay 1K11 in the charging port is controlled to be closed, since the first relay 1K11 is usually a mechanical switch, a delay time, for example, 100ms, is set, and the pre-detection loop 3 in the on state is turned off.
It should be noted that, if the electric vehicle includes a plurality of charging ports, when the plurality of charging ports are connected to the charging guns, it is sequentially determined whether a charging fault exists in the plurality of charging guns, and when any charging gun has a fault, it is determined that the charging pile has a fault, and the charging pile cannot be used for charging the battery pack; if the battery pack of the electric vehicle is charged by a single gun, the charging gun connected with the electric vehicle is guaranteed to be free of fault, and the charging pile can be used for charging the battery pack of the electric vehicle.
Since the first embodiment corresponds to the present embodiment, the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the first embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the first embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and the technical effects that can be achieved in the first embodiment can also be achieved in this embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the first embodiment.
Compared with the prior art, when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, the embodiment controls to close the second relay in the charging port, switches on any pre-detection loop of the first relay connected in parallel in the charging port, acquires the voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack, records the voltage as a first voltage, determines whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack, and controls to close the first relay in the charging port and switches off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state to charge the battery pack when the charging fault does not exist; therefore, whether a charging fault exists or not can be judged in advance before the battery pack is charged, when the charging fault does not exist, the first relay in the charging port is closed, the impact current of the first relay in the charging port when the first relay is closed can be effectively eliminated, and the occurrence of safety accidents such as adhesion of the first relay, charging port electrification and battery pack overcharge is reduced.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention relates to a charging method, and is a refinement of the fourth embodiment, and is mainly characterized in that: specific ways of determining whether there is a charging failure based on the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack are provided. In this embodiment, a charging circuit in a first embodiment is taken as an example for description, please refer to fig. 1 to 3.
Fig. 7 shows a specific flow of the method for detecting a load state according to the present embodiment.
Specifically, the method is substantially the same as step 101 in the fourth embodiment, and is not repeated here.
in sub-step 2021, it is determined whether the first voltage is greater than a predetermined first voltage threshold. If yes, go to substep 2022; if not, go to substep 2023.
Specifically, the controller 4 determines whether the short-circuit fault exists on the charging pile side by determining whether the first voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold, and if the first voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, it indicates that the short-circuit fault does not exist on the charging pile side, and the substep 2022 is performed; otherwise, it indicates that there is a short-circuit fault on the charging pile side, i.e., there is a charging fault, and the process goes to substep 2023.
In the sub-step 2022, it is determined whether the absolute value of the difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold. If yes, go to step 203; if not, go to substep 2023.
Specifically, the controller 4 determines whether the charging pile is matched with the electric vehicle by determining whether the absolute value of the difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold, if the absolute value of the difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold, it indicates that an excessive impact current cannot be generated when the first relay 1 is closed, the charging pile is matched with the electric vehicle, and the step 203 is entered to turn off a pre-detection loop corresponding to the first relay and control the first relay connected to the charging gun to be closed; if the absolute value of the difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is greater than the preset second voltage threshold, it is indicated that an excessive impact current is generated when the first relay 1 is closed, which may cause the adhesion of the first relay 1, and the charging pile is not matched with the electric vehicle, i.e., there is a charging fault, and the substep 2023 is performed.
In one example, when determining that the first voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, after a preset time period, the controller 4 determines whether an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold, where the preset time period is, for example, 1S; and the preset time is set so as to judge whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold value when the first voltage is stable, so that the accuracy of the judgment result is ensured.
And step 203, controlling a first relay in the charging port to be closed, and turning off the pre-detection loop in the conducting state.
Specifically, the controller 4 controls the first relay 1K11 in the charging port to close and turns off the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state, so that the battery pack 5 can be charged by the charging gun.
Since the second embodiment corresponds to the present embodiment, the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the second embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the second embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and the technical effects that can be achieved in the second embodiment can also be achieved in this embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the second embodiment.
The present embodiment provides a specific implementation manner of determining whether there is a charging failure based on the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack, as compared with the fourth embodiment.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention relates to a charging method, and is a refinement of the fourth embodiment, and is mainly characterized in that: specific ways of turning off and on the pre-detection loop are provided. In the present embodiment, taking the charging circuit in the third embodiment as an example for explanation, please refer to fig. 3, the pre-detection circuit 3 includes a pre-detection relay K1 and a resistor network 6; the resistor network 6 can be composed of a plurality of resistors connected in series, parallel or series-parallel.
Fig. 8 shows a specific flow of the method for detecting a load state according to the present embodiment.
Specifically, taking the example where the charging port includes K11 and K12, when the charging port is connected to an external power source, that is, when a charging gun is inserted into the charging port, the controller 4 controls to close the second relay 2K12 in the charging port, controls to close the pre-test relay K1 in the pre-test circuit 3 connected in parallel to K11, so as to turn on the pre-test circuit 3, and collects the voltage between the second terminal of the first relay 1K11 in the charging port and the second terminal of the battery pack 5, and records the voltage as the first voltage.
Specifically, the controller 4 determines whether there is a charging failure, that is, determines whether there is a failure of the charging gun connected to the charging port, based on the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack 5; when it is determined that there is a charging failure, the battery pack 5 cannot be charged using the charging gun; otherwise, it indicates that there is no charging fault, and step 303 is entered.
And 303, controlling a first relay in the charging port to be closed, and switching off the on-state pre-detection loop by controlling a pre-detection relay in the on-state pre-detection loop to be switched off.
Specifically, the controller 4 controls the first relay 1K11 in the charging port to be closed, and turns off the on-state pre-detection circuit 3 by controlling the on-state pre-detection relay K1 in the on-state pre-detection circuit 3 to be opened, so as to charge the battery pack 5; after the first relay 1K11 in the charging port is controlled to be closed, since the first relay 1K11 is generally a mechanical switch, a delay time, for example, 100ms, is set, and the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state is turned off by controlling the pre-detection relay K1 in the pre-detection circuit 3 in the on state to be turned off.
Since the third embodiment corresponds to the present embodiment, the present embodiment can be implemented in cooperation with the third embodiment. The related technical details mentioned in the third embodiment are still valid in this embodiment, and the technical effects that can be achieved in the third embodiment can also be achieved in this embodiment, and are not described herein again in order to reduce repetition. Accordingly, the related-art details mentioned in the present embodiment can also be applied to the third embodiment.
The present embodiment provides a specific way of turning off and turning on the pre-detection circuit, compared to the fourth embodiment. In addition, the present embodiment can be further refined as the fifth embodiment, and the same technical effects can be achieved.
A seventh embodiment of the invention relates to a vehicle that includes the charging circuit of any one of the first to third embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the vehicle further includes a battery pack and the like, which will not be described in detail herein.
It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the foregoing embodiments are specific examples for carrying out the invention, and that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention in practice.
Claims (11)
1. A charging circuit, comprising: the system comprises at least one first relay, at least one second relay, at least one pre-detection loop, and controllers which are respectively connected to the control end of the first relay, the control end of the second relay and each pre-detection loop;
the pre-detection loop corresponds to any one of the first relays, the pre-detection loop is connected with the corresponding first relay in parallel, the first end of each first relay is connected to the first end of the battery pack, the first end of each second relay is connected to the second end of the battery pack, the first relay corresponds to any one of the second relays, and the second end of each first relay and the second end of the corresponding second relay form a charging port;
the controller is used for controlling to close the second relay in the charging port when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, conducting any one of the pre-detection loops of the first relay connected in parallel in the charging port, collecting voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack, and recording the voltage as first voltage;
the controller is further configured to determine whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and a voltage of the battery pack, and specifically, determine whether a fault exists in the external power supply connected to the charging port;
the controller is further configured to control the first relay in the charging port to close and turn off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state when it is determined that there is no charging fault.
2. The charging circuit of claim 1, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether the first voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold, and determine that a charging fault exists and turn off the pre-detection loop in the on state when the first voltage is determined to be less than or equal to the first voltage threshold;
the controller is used for judging whether the absolute value of the difference value between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold value or not when judging that the first voltage is larger than the preset first voltage threshold value, and determining that no charging fault exists when judging that the absolute value of the difference value is smaller than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold value; and when the absolute value of the difference is judged to be larger than a preset second voltage threshold, determining that a charging fault exists, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state.
3. The charging circuit according to claim 2, wherein the controller is configured to determine whether an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold after a preset time period elapses while determining that the first voltage is greater than the preset first voltage threshold, and determine that there is no charging failure while determining that the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to the preset second voltage threshold; and when the absolute value of the difference is judged to be larger than a preset second voltage threshold, determining that a charging fault exists, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state.
4. The charging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pre-detection loop comprises a pre-detection relay and a resistor network connected in series, and the controller is connected to a control terminal of the pre-detection relay;
the controller is used for controlling the closing of the pre-detection relay in any one pre-detection loop of the first relays connected in parallel in the charging port to conduct the pre-detection loop;
the controller is used for switching off the pre-detection loop in the conducting state by controlling the pre-detection relay in the pre-detection loop in the conducting state to be switched off.
5. The charging circuit of claim 4, wherein the number of the pre-detection loops is plural, and the plural pre-detection loops share one of the resistor networks.
6. The charging circuit of claim 1, further comprising: the device comprises a first voltage sampling module and a second voltage sampling module; the number of the first voltage sampling modules is multiple; the first relays correspond to the first voltage sampling modules one to one; the first voltage sampling module is connected between the second end of the corresponding first relay and the second end of the battery pack; the second voltage sampling module is connected between two ends of the battery pack;
the controller is used for acquiring the voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack through the first voltage sampling module corresponding to the first relay in the charging port;
the controller is used for collecting the voltage of the battery pack through the second voltage sampling module.
7. A charging method is characterized in that the charging method is applied to a controller of a charging circuit, the charging circuit further comprises at least one first relay, at least one second relay and at least one pre-detection loop, and the controller is respectively connected to a control end of the first relay, a control end of the second relay and each pre-detection loop; the pre-detection loop corresponds to any one of the first relays, the pre-detection loop is connected with the corresponding first relay in parallel, the first end of each first relay is connected to the first end of the battery pack, the first end of each second relay is connected to the second end of the battery pack, the first relay corresponds to any one of the second relays, and the first relay and the corresponding second relay form a charging port; the method comprises the following steps:
when the charging port is connected to an external power supply, controlling to close the second relay in the charging port, conducting any one of the pre-detection loops connected in parallel with the first relay in the charging port, collecting the voltage between the second end of the first relay in the charging port and the second end of the battery pack, and recording the voltage as a first voltage;
determining whether a charging fault exists according to the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack, specifically, determining whether a fault exists in the external power supply connected to the charging port;
and when the charging fault does not exist, controlling the first relay in the charging port to be closed, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state.
8. The charging method of claim 7, wherein the determining whether a charging fault exists based on the first voltage and a voltage of the battery pack comprises:
judging whether the first voltage is greater than a preset first voltage threshold value or not; if the first voltage is smaller than or equal to a first voltage threshold, determining that a charging fault exists, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state;
if the first voltage is larger than a preset first voltage threshold, judging whether the absolute value of the difference value of the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold;
if the absolute value of the difference is smaller than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold, determining that no charging fault exists;
and if the absolute value of the difference is larger than a preset second voltage threshold, determining that a charging fault exists, and turning off the pre-detection loop in a conducting state.
9. The charging method according to claim 8, wherein the determining whether an absolute value of a difference between the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold specifically includes: and after a preset time length, judging whether the absolute value of the difference value of the first voltage and the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to a preset second voltage threshold value.
10. The charging method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the pre-detection loop comprises a pre-detection relay and a resistor network, and the controller is connected to a control terminal of the pre-detection relay;
the switching on any one of the pre-detection loops connected in parallel to the first relay in the charging port specifically includes:
switching on the pre-detection loop by controlling the closing of the pre-detection relay in any one pre-detection loop of the first relays connected in parallel in the charging port;
the turning off of the pre-detection loop in the conducting state specifically includes:
and switching off the on-state pre-detection loop by controlling the on-state pre-detection relay in the on-state pre-detection loop to be switched off.
11. A vehicle characterized by comprising the charging circuit of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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