CN111773181A - 一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒及其应用 - Google Patents
一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米及其应用。以无定型碳酸钙纳米粒为核心,表面依次包被辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂复合物、单硬脂酸甘油酯、四环素硬脂酸嫁接物。采用胃肠道相对比较稳定的单硬脂酸甘油酯进行包被、四环素硬脂酸嫁接物进行骨靶向修饰,同时携带大豆磷脂/辛伐他汀复合物,可实现钙补充剂和辛伐他汀协同治疗效果。此纳米粒可用于口服,提高病人顺应性。骨靶向作用可以将更多地钙补充剂和辛伐他汀运输到骨组织部位,实现其协同治疗骨质疏松症效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于制药领域,涉及一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,及其在制备骨质疏松症治疗药物中的应用。
背景技术
骨质疏松症是一种以骨组织微结构退变、骨脆性增加、骨量降低以及继发性骨折危险增加为主要特征的骨骼系统疾病。骨质疏松症最严重症状为骨折,与普通骨折不同,骨质疏松性骨折是一种低能量的脆性骨折,粉碎性骨折几率大大增加的同时短期的治疗难以起效,严重影响着患者的生活质量。老年人群和绝经后妇女是骨质疏松症的高发人群,随着人口老龄化不断增加,骨质疏松症的发病率已经越来越高,我国在骨质疏松症的防治工作上的形势非常严峻。
目前用于骨质疏松症治疗的药物除了常用的钙补充剂如钙片,多是一些骨吸收抑制剂,如雌激素、降钙素、二膦酸盐等,只能适当减缓骨质疏松症的症状,但无法逆转骨量,修复已经遭到破坏的骨组织。促进骨形成的药物无疑成为目前研究的热点。辛伐他汀是高血脂类疾病的临床首选药物。Mundy等人在对大鼠进行了一系列体内实验后,发现辛伐他汀可以增加大鼠体内成骨细胞的骨形成蛋白表达,有强大的诱导成骨细胞分化能力。这为骨质疏松症的治疗提供了一个全新的方向。然而传统的给药方式,会因为骨组织渗透性差而很难高效率的到达骨组织发挥作用。高剂量给药势必会增加全身的毒副作用。靶向修饰的药物传递系统(DDS)可以通过增加药物溶解度,提高疏水性化合物的输送效率;通过持续释放药物延长生物学半衰期短的药物的功效;并通过减少巨噬细胞的吞噬作用,限制非特异性细胞对药物的吸收;可将药物浓集于病杜部位实现靶向治疗。
碳酸钙,一种天然无毒的生物材料,由于其生物相容性好、成本低和化学成分简单等优势使其在生物医学领域得到了广泛的应用。通过两相渗透法、反相微乳法、化学沉淀法和气体扩散法等方法,可以得到超微(50nm以下)到数微米不同粒径大小的碳酸钙粒子,以适应不同的给药需求。如今,碳酸钙已经被成功地用做药物、基因以及蛋白质的递送载体。无定形碳酸钙作为碳酸钙家族中特殊的一员,同样具备以上优点,但其水稳定性比较低。复合碳酸钙纳米粒由于结合了有机-无机材料的优势,可以对纳米粒的尺寸和性能进一步优化,可以大大提高基于碳酸钙的药物递送系统的治疗潜力。实验室前期研究发现,无定型碳酸钙纳米粒表面可进行适当的脂质修饰,从而实现其在水环境中的稳定性,可以作为一种具备钙补充剂作用的载体。因此,本发明接下来以辛伐他汀为模型药物,以脂质修饰的无定型碳酸钙纳米粒为载体和钙补充剂,骨靶向基团四环素进行表面修饰,制备得到骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,实现钙和SIM的联合治疗骨质疏松症。最后,从疾病治疗需求角度考虑,为了提高病人顺应性,本发明在前期联合治疗的基础上,继续探索可供口服的脂质纳米载体。由于单硬脂酸甘油酯在胃肠道相对比较稳定,所以本发明将脂质修饰的无定型碳酸钙纳米粒装入单硬脂酸甘油酯中,骨靶向基团四环素进行修饰得到口服骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,其对骨质疏松症具有很好的治疗效果。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,该纳米粒以无定型碳酸钙纳米粒为核心,表面依次包被辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂复合物、单硬脂酸甘油酯、四环素硬脂酸嫁接物。
本发明的第二个目的是提供载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒的制备方法:
1.大豆卵磷脂的乙醇溶液和辛伐他汀的乙醇溶液按照辛伐他汀:大豆卵磷脂重量比为1:2~1:4进行混合,旋转蒸发仪挥干乙醇,得辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂的复合物。其中辛伐他汀:大豆卵磷脂重量比1:3时最优。
2.辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂复合物乙醇分散后,按照无定型碳酸钙:大豆卵磷脂重量比为1:1的比例加入到无定型碳酸钙的乙醇溶液中,搅拌复合,离心除去大颗粒,即得载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒乙醇溶液。
3.将载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒的乙醇溶液和单硬脂酸甘油酯的乙醇溶液按照单硬脂酸甘油酯:载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒重量比为0.5:1~2:1进行混合,加入四环素硬脂酸嫁接物的乙醇溶液(四环素硬脂酸嫁接物:单硬脂酸甘油酯=0.2:1,w/w),搅拌后注入大于9倍体积的水中,继续搅拌5min,即得载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒混悬液。其中单硬脂酸甘油酯:载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒重量比为1:1时最优。
本发明的第三个目的是提供载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒在制备骨质疏松症治疗药物中的应用。所述药物的给药途径为口服给药。
本发明的有益之处是:该载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,采用胃肠道相对比较稳定的单硬脂酸甘油酯进行包被,四环素硬脂酸嫁接物进行骨靶向修饰,同时携带大豆磷脂/辛伐他汀复合物,可实现钙补充剂和辛伐他汀协同治疗效果。辛伐他汀经脂质材料包被后,具有较强的跨细胞膜和十二指肠的转运能力。辛伐他汀和钙补充剂在提高骨量方面联合治疗效果均大于单一疗法。该载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒恢复骨量可以达到和健康大鼠相同水平,其胃肠道转运量最多,速度最快,此纳米粒可用于口服,提高病人顺应性,骨靶向作用可以将更多地钙补充剂和辛伐他汀运输到骨组织部位,实现其协同治疗骨质疏松症效果。
附图说明
图1是载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒跨MDCK细胞单层膜转运量。
图2是载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒跨十二指肠转运量。
图3是载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒(E)和正常组(A)、去势组(B)、辛伐他汀组(C)、钙剂补充组(D)的骨密度定量分析。
图4载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒(E)和正常组(A)、去势组(B)、辛伐他汀组(C)、钙剂补充组(D)的骨断层扫描图像。
具体实施方式
本发明通过实施例和附图作进一步的说明。
实施例一
(1)载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒的制备
取200mg CaCl2,精密称定,溶解于300μL超纯水中,将溶液滴加到100mL的无水乙醇中,置于圆底烧瓶内,用封口膜将圆底烧瓶封口。在封口膜上预留少许气孔后,将圆底烧瓶和盛有3g的(NH4)2CO3的玻璃瓶共同置于干燥器内,于30℃恒温恒湿箱中进行气体扩散反应。反应2-3天后,将圆底烧瓶中的无水乙醇进行离心(15000rpm离心10min)得到白色沉淀的无定型碳酸钙纳米粒。所得无定型碳酸钙纳米粒用适量无水乙醇分散后使用探头超声仪(400W,工作2s,停3s,超声20次)分散后备用。先将大豆卵磷脂的乙醇溶液和辛伐他汀的乙醇溶液按照一定比例置于圆底烧瓶中,将圆底烧瓶置于减压旋转蒸发仪上,待乙醇挥发完全,即得辛伐他汀与大豆卵磷脂的复合物。将复合物用乙醇重分散后加入到无定型碳酸钙的乙醇溶液中(无定型碳酸钙:大豆卵磷脂=1:1,w/w),37℃下搅拌过夜复合,3000rpm离心除去大颗粒,即得载辛伐他汀的复合脂质纳米粒。将载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒的乙醇溶液和单硬脂酸甘油酯的乙醇溶液按照一定比例混合后,加入四环素硬脂酸嫁接物的乙醇溶液(四环素硬脂酸嫁接物:单硬脂酸甘油酯=0.2:1,w/w),60℃下搅拌5min后注入9倍体积的水中,继续搅拌5min。将新制备好的乳状液放至室温即得可供口服载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒。
(2)载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒的理化性质
依法制备得到浓度约为1mg/mL的口服载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,去离子水稀释至100μg/mL,Zetasizer 3000HS微粒粒度与表面电位分析仪测定其粒径及电位。
采用高效液相色谱法测定载药复合脂质纳米粒中辛伐他汀的含量。将可供口服的载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒的的分散液用提取液(0.6M HCl:乙醇=1:1,v/v)破坏后20000rpm离心15分钟,高效液相色谱法测定上清液中辛伐他汀的浓度。根据下列公式计算辛伐他汀的载药量(DL%)。
DL%=Wa/(W0+W)×100%
W0:投药量,Wa:离心后上清液中游离药物的含量,W:载药复合脂质纳米粒的质量。
不同比例的辛伐他汀(SIM)、大豆磷脂(PL)、单硬脂酸甘油酯(GMS)制备的载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒的理化性质见表1、表2和表3。
表1不同比例的辛伐他汀(SIM)、大豆磷脂(PL)、单硬脂酸甘油酯(GMS)
制备的载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒(SIM/PL/ACC)的粒径
表2不同比例的辛伐他汀、大豆磷脂、单硬脂酸甘油酯制备的载辛伐他汀
复合脂质纳米粒的电位
表3不同比例的辛伐他汀、大豆磷脂、单硬脂酸甘油酯制备的载辛伐他汀
复合脂质纳米粒的药物载药量
实施例二 骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒(TC/GMS/ACC)跨MDCK细胞单层膜转运量
取辛伐他汀与大豆磷脂1:3,单硬脂酸甘油酯与骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒0.5:1~2:1的比例进行单层膜转运试验。将MDCK细胞接种于Transwell的聚酯膜上,培养7天形成细胞单层。HBSS洗涤细胞单层三次后在Transwell上室中加入0.5mL 1mg/mL荧光标记的口服复合脂质纳米粒进行跨膜转运4h,然后将下室的液体全部取出,用荧光分光光度计测定下室中口服复合脂质纳米粒的转运量。结果见图1,单硬脂酸甘油酯(GMS)和复合脂质纳米粒(PL/ACC)的质量比为1:1时,有138.68μg的纳米粒转运至Transwell基底侧(投入的纳米粒总量为500μg),转运量最多。
实施例三 可供口服的骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒(TC/GMS/ACC)跨十二指肠转运量
取辛伐他汀与大豆磷脂1:3,单硬脂酸甘油酯与骨靶向复合脂质纳米0.5:1~2:1的比例进行十二指肠转运量研究。将雌性SD大鼠(180-200g)随机分成3组,毎组3只,实验前禁食12h(不禁水)。将大鼠用乙醚麻醉,脱颈处死,打开腹腔,迅速取下长约10cm的十二指肠,立即放入4℃的Krebs-Ringer(K-R)肠营养液中,简单冲洗后将小肠翻转。用手术线将外翻后的各肠段结扎成长约10cm的小囊(一端扎紧,另一端固定于塑料细管上便于取样和补加新鲜肠营养液)。每个小囊加入约2mL的K-R肠营养液,然后放入37℃的水浴摇床中平衡10min后将外翻肠囊分别放入盛有荧光标记的口服复合脂质纳米粒的K-R肠营养液的释放管中,在37℃、75rpm、持续通入氧气的条件下(保持离体小肠的活性),进行离体小肠转运吸收实验。分别在预设时间点15、30、45、60、80、100、120min从塑料管中取样0.5mL,同时补加等体积新鲜的K-R肠营养液,最后样品用荧光分光光度计测定荧光值,从而计算口服复合脂质纳米粒在各个时间点的单位肠面积累积转运量。以转运时间为横坐标,单位肠面积的累积转运量为纵坐标,对口服复合脂质纳米粒在十二指肠离体小肠的转运情况作图。结果见图2,不同比例GMS修饰的骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒均随着时间的增加,通过肠道粘膜转运量增加,且当GMS:PL/ACC=1:1时,吸收转运量最多,达到7.45μg/cm2。除此之外,当GMS:PL/ACC=1:1时,通过肠道粘膜的转运速度最大,达到0.06μg/cm2/min,分别是是GMS:PL/ACC=0.5:1(0.0457μg/cm2/min)和GMS:PL/ACC=2:1(0.0445μg/cm2/min)的1.31倍和1.35倍。
实施例四 可供口服的载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒抗骨质疏松症疗效
以去势的雌性SD大鼠为骨质疏松症模型。去势手术后4周开始给药,药物全部以口服灌胃方式给药,给药8周后,将所有的SD大鼠脱颈处死,取股骨全长,剔除软组织,4%的多聚甲醛固定24h后,进行微型计算机断层扫描,对骨密度进行分析并使用CT Vox和dataviewer重建三维立体(3D)和二维平面(2D)图像。结果参见图3和图4,无论是骨密度的定量分析,还是2D和3D的定性观察,可以看出无论是辛伐他汀组还是钙剂补充组对骨量的恢复均有不同程度的提高。其中辛伐他汀和钙补充剂联合治疗组在骨量恢复方面具有协同作用,基本达到和正常组相同水平。
Claims (6)
1.一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒,其特征在于,该纳米粒以无定型碳酸钙纳米粒为核心,表面依次包被辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂复合物、单硬脂酸甘油酯、四环素硬脂酸嫁接物。
2.权利要求1所述的一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒的制备方法,其特征在于,通过以下步骤实现:
(1)大豆卵磷脂的乙醇溶液和辛伐他汀的乙醇溶液按照辛伐他汀:大豆卵磷脂重量比为1:2~1:4进行混合,旋转蒸发仪挥干乙醇,得辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂的复合物;
(2)辛伐他汀/大豆卵磷脂复合物乙醇分散后,按照无定型碳酸钙:大豆卵磷脂重量比为1:1的比例加入到无定型碳酸钙的乙醇溶液中,搅拌复合,离心除去大颗粒,即得载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒乙醇溶液;
(3)将载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒的乙醇溶液和单硬脂酸甘油酯的乙醇溶液按照单硬脂酸甘油酯:载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒重量比为0.5:1~2:1进行混合,加入四环素硬脂酸嫁接物的乙醇溶液,四环素硬脂酸嫁接物:单硬脂酸甘油酯=0.2:1,w/w,搅拌后注入大于9倍体积的水中,继续搅拌5min,即得载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒混悬液。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中辛伐他汀:大豆卵磷脂重量比为1:3。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中单硬脂酸甘油酯:载辛伐他汀复合脂质纳米粒重量比为1:1。
5.权利要求1所述的一种载辛伐他汀骨靶向复合脂质纳米粒在制备骨质疏松症治疗药物中的应用。
6.根据权利要求3所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物的给药途径为口服给药。
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| CN115887464A (zh) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-04-04 | 湖北工业大学 | 枸橼酸托法替尼碳酸钙脂质纳米喷雾剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN116211827A (zh) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-06 | 浙江大学 | 一种特立帕肽固体脂质纳米粒及其制备方法和应用 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115887464A (zh) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-04-04 | 湖北工业大学 | 枸橼酸托法替尼碳酸钙脂质纳米喷雾剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN115887464B (zh) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-02-02 | 湖北工业大学 | 枸橼酸托法替尼碳酸钙脂质纳米喷雾剂及其制备方法与应用 |
| CN116211827A (zh) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-06 | 浙江大学 | 一种特立帕肽固体脂质纳米粒及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN116211827B (zh) * | 2023-03-17 | 2024-04-05 | 浙江大学 | 一种特立帕肽固体脂质纳米粒及其制备方法和应用 |
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| CN111773181B (zh) | 2022-03-22 |
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