CN111888443A - 一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：人参0.2～5份，北虫草1～10份，山奈1～15份，草果1～15份，金银花1～20份，余甘子1～15份，艾草1～20份，丁香0.5～3份，肉桂1～10份，甘草1～10份，松花粉1～10份，红茶1～20份，壳寡糖0.5～5份。以及，提供该扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法。所述抗毒防感避疫中药保健组合物的配方成分‑靶点‑药理作用机制网络研究结果与主治病症衔接一致，符合现代精准医学原则。同时本品成本低，符合产业化生产需要。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于保健品技术领域，具体涉及一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
中医药被认为对新冠肺炎疗效明确，除了临床方剂外，中成药也被推荐用于新冠肺炎的防治，如藿香正气水、连花清瘟胶囊、金花清感颗粒、玉屏风散、双黄连、麻杏石甘汤、银翘散、葛根芩连微丸等，但是这些都属于药物类产品，目前没有针对新冠病毒肺炎预防的药食同源类产品。此外，由于新冠病毒肺炎起病急，为突发公共卫生事件，特别缺少针对本身有糖尿病、呼吸系统慢性疾病的老人及患者使用的预防类抗新冠肺炎病毒产品。医食同源同源类产品在新冠肺炎的早期预防、中期治疗、后期康复各方面都具有广阔的应用前景，市场急需相关产品。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术之缺陷，提供一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物及其制备方法。
本发明提供一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
人参0.2～5份，
北虫草1～10份，
山奈1～15份，
草果1～15份，
金银花1～20份，
余甘子1～15份，
艾草1～20份，
丁香0.5～3份，
肉桂1～10份，
甘草1～10份，
松花粉1～10份，
红茶1～20份，
壳寡糖0.5～5份。
以及，一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
按照上述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的重量份称取原料，将山奈、草果、金银花、余甘子、艾草、丁香、肉桂、甘草和红茶等混合，加5～20倍质量份的水浸泡15～60分钟，加热回流提取0.5～2小时，80～200目过滤，得第一提取液；
向药渣中加5～20倍质量份的水回流提取0.5～2小时，80～200目过滤，得第二提取液；
将第一提取液和第二提取液混合浓缩，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉和壳寡糖，获得所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物。
本发明的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，针对老人或者患有糖尿病、呼吸系统等慢性疾病的人，期体质常虚的特点，立足大数据挖掘与网络药理学研究成果，经过发明人根据临床实践和临床需要组成的有效方剂，也是基于临床数据总结和挖掘，通过生物医药大数据网络药理学分析，有效成分明确、作用靶点网络清晰、参与作用的生理/病理过程明确其成分-靶点-药效分子网络与作用机制清晰。同时利用加热回流提取法，较大程度地提取药材中的有效成分。且无明显不良作用，使用方便，可以根据病情发展调整用药方式和方案，促进患者的机能及时康复。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的中药原料 -活性成分-作用靶点关联网络图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例提供一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
人参0.2～5份，
北虫草1～10份，
山奈1～15份，
草果1～15份，
金银花1～20份，
余甘子1～15份，
艾草1～20份，
丁香0.5～3份，
肉桂1～10份，
甘草1～10份，
松花粉1～10份，
红茶1～20份，
壳寡糖0.5～5份。
其中，人参总皂苷，北虫草七个菌株的菌丝体醇提物，山奈中的山奈酚，金银花中的绿原酸和槲皮素对COVID-19、流感病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒等各种病毒均具有一定的抑制作用。人参皂苷Rb2和人参皂苷Re与SARS CoV-2 3CL 水解酶结合力较强，涉及到IL-6、TNF、MAPK等多个靶点，参与调节免疫及抗病毒功效。槲皮素对LPS刺激的小胶质细胞炎症因子有一定的下调作用，其抗炎机制可能与下调NO、TNF-α以及IL-1β的产生有关，还能够阻断中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒3CLpro蛋白酶活性。同时，人参中的人参二醇皂苷、人参皂苷Ra1、人参皂苷Rh1和山奈酚，北虫草乙酸乙酯和水提取部位和虫草素，余甘子提取物能，艾叶挥发油，丁香提取物，甘草中的甘草多糖，松花粉以及红茶中的红茶多酚能够显著增强脾淋巴细胞的增殖能力和NK细胞的杀伤活性，并显著提高腹腔巨噬细胞的吞噬能力，从而提高机体抗感染作用，促进机体免疫保护功能。此外，虫草多糖、丁香苷、肉桂精油、肉桂水提物、甘草多糖或能够抑制PD-L1/PD-1轴将TAMs极化为M1表型，改善肿瘤微环境，或提高 CD4+、CD8+细胞数，使CD4+/CD8+细胞比值上升，或降低角叉菜胶诱导的小鼠足趾皮肤组织中的TNF-a和IL-1β，NO、PCE2水平以及COX-2和iNOS水平，发挥抗炎作用，或活化T细胞IFN-r的表达而不改变IL-2产生，并抑制p38、 JNK、ERK1/2、STAT4的表达，或增加IL-2的分泌，IL-2是CD4+T淋巴细胞分泌的重要免疫因子，广泛参与抗病毒感染和机体免疫应答，从而发挥调节机体免疫力的功效。而松花粉可以增加衰老小鼠血清中SOD、CAT、GSH-Per活性，调节免疫功能的作用。红茶多酚可显著提高外周血T淋巴细胞的比例以及血清中IL-2、IFN-γ、TNF-α的水平，同时红茶多酚可使小鼠肝脏组织中的SOD、 GSH-Px活力升高，MDA含量降低。同时，网络药理学研究(图1)结果显示所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物能多成分、多靶点、多角度发挥抗病毒、增强免疫以及改善糖脂作用，协同拮抗和预防新冠病毒、流感病毒等病毒性病原微生物侵袭和感染。
更优选地，所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：人参2～4份，北虫草1～3份，山奈4～6份，草果4～6份，金银花8～12 份，余甘子5～7份，艾草4～6份，丁香1～2份，肉桂2～4份，甘草2～4份，松花粉2～4份，红茶4～6份，壳寡糖0.5～0.6份。更具体地，所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：人参3份，北虫草2份，山奈5份，草果5份，金银花10份，余甘子6份，艾草5份，丁香1.5份，肉桂3份，甘草3份，松花粉3份、红茶5份、壳寡糖0.5份。
各组分具体作用如表1所示：
表1
由于中药的各原料之间存在相生、相须、相畏或者相杀等多种相互作用的关系，因此根据上述各成分的功效以及特点，限定其组成，使所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物具有疗效明确、使用方便、作用靶点和药理效应清晰、原料来源广、成本低、制备方法简单、患者依从性高等特点。该扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物可增强抗病毒免疫力、预防和治疗体虚人群的病毒性感冒，适宜老人、糖尿病、呼吸系统慢性疾病等体虚易感人群。
我国在这次疫情防控中总结了很好的经验，中医药为疫情防控和保障人们生命健康做出了巨大贡献；根据《新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)》的指导，接触确诊患者的人员需要隔离，医学观察期间(隔离期间)如果有胃肠道反映可以选用藿香正气水类产品；如果有轻微发热，可以选用金花清感颗粒、连花清瘟胶囊等中成药。将抗病毒的关口前移，充分发挥传统中医药的防治优势，开发系列早期预防、中期治疗、后期康复的安全有效的、质量可靠、有效成分清晰、作用靶点清楚的精准药膳，特别针对本身有糖尿病、呼吸系统慢性疾病的老人及患者，开发预防抗新冠肺炎病毒产品，具有非常重要的意义和较大市场需求。本发明提供的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物可增强抗病毒免疫力、预防和治疗体虚人群的病毒性感冒，适宜老人、糖尿病、呼吸系统慢性疾病等体虚易感人群。解决目前无相关预防类产品的现状，开发出主要药效成分明确-作用靶点相对清楚的精准药食同源类产品，满足防控病毒疫情关口前移的临床需求和人们需要。
本发明实施例还提供上述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法，其包括如下步骤：
按照上述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的重量份称取原料，将山奈、草果、金银花、余甘子、艾草、丁香、肉桂、甘草和红茶混合，加5～20倍质量份的水浸泡15～60分钟，加热回流提取0.5～2小时，80～200目过滤，得第一提取液；
向药渣中加5～20倍质量份的水回流提取0.5～2小时，80～200目过滤，得第二提取液；
将第一提取液和第二提取液混合浓缩，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉和壳寡糖，获得所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物。
优选地，所述人参、北虫草和松花粉在浸泡前先进行超微粉碎。
优选地，将山奈、草果、金银花、余甘子、艾草、丁香、肉桂、甘草和红茶混合，加8～15倍质量份的水浸泡20～40分钟，加热回流提取0.5～2小时，100 目过滤，得第一提取液；
向药渣中加8～15倍质量份的水，加热回流提取0.5～2小时，100目过滤，得第二提取液。
具体地，所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物可以制成固体饮料，具体为将第一滤液和第二滤液减压浓缩至密度约为1.08，得浓缩液备用；将浓缩液加入麦芽糊精，搅拌均匀，喷雾干燥(喷嘴进风温度设为150度，出风口温度 80℃)，即得提取物粉末。将所述提取物粉末，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉的超微粉和壳寡糖，混合均匀；分装，10g/袋，即得固体饮料。
还可以将上述提取物粉末，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉的超微粉，以及适宜的食品原料和壳寡糖等，进行制粒，干燥，分装、10g/袋，制备成颗粒剂。
以及，将上述提取物粉末，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉的超微粉，和适宜的食品原料、壳寡糖等，进行制粒，干燥，压片；或者采用适宜的辅料麦芽糊精、玉米淀粉、小麦粉、蛋白粉等，进行干法制粒或者粉末直接压片，做成适宜的片剂形式即可。
也可以将第一提取液和第二提取液混合浓缩，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉的超微粉，再加入壳寡糖、甜菊糖苷等调味剂，制成适宜的液体饮料、口服液等，分装即可。
产品的最终形式可以是多种，包括粉剂、颗粒、片剂、蜜丸、膏滋、口服液、糖浆剂等。制备工艺中，干燥方式可以是喷雾干燥、真空干燥、冷冻干燥等；制粒方法可以是干法制粒、湿法制粒、一步制粒等。优选地，所述浓缩液选用减压干燥，喷雾干燥法，快速干燥粉末，减少对各类成分的破坏，为产品的有效性提供支持。
采用药学、食品、保健品等相关法规可以接受的方法，均可以对扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物提取、浓缩、干燥或粉碎，进一步加工为产品，保留复方的有效成分，制成适宜的给药形式(包括颗粒剂、粉剂、口服液、片剂等剂型)或者食品形式如压片糖果、餐粉、固体饮料等形式，满足市场对相关产品的需求，均属于本发明保护的范围。
以下通过具体配方和制备工艺的实施例来说明上述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物及其制备方法。
实施例1：
按照扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的重量份称取原料，将山奈5kg，草果5kg，金银花10kg，余甘子6kg，艾草5kg，丁香1.5kg，肉桂3kg，甘草3kg，红茶5kg加435L水浸泡30分钟，加热回流提取1小时，100目过滤，得第一提取液，再将药渣加435L水回流提取1小时，100目过滤，得第二提取液。将第一提取液和第二提取液混合，减压浓缩至密度约为1.08，得浓缩液备用；将浓缩液加入麦芽糊精3.5kg，搅拌均匀，喷雾干燥(喷嘴进风温度设为150度，出风口温度80度)，即得提取物粉末。将人参3kg、北虫草2kg、松花粉3kg与提取物粉末混合，再加入壳寡糖0.5kg，混合均匀；分装，10g/ 袋，即得固体饮料。
实施例2：
选择20位患有糖尿病的60岁以上老人作为保健品每日服用上述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物制备的固体饮料，连服两周，未有任何不良反应，也未患任何病毒性感冒疾病。
实施例3：
选择20位患有慢性肺病(老年慢性支气管炎并肺气肿)的60岁以上老人作为保健品每日服用上述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的固体饮料，连服两周，未有任何不良反应，也未患任何病毒性感冒疾病。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
人参0.2～5份，
北虫草1～10份，
山奈1～15份，
草果1～15份，
金银花1～20份，
余甘子1～15份，
艾草1～20份，
丁香0.5～3份，
肉桂1～10份，
甘草1～10份，
松花粉1～10份，
红茶1～20份，
壳寡糖0.5～5份。
2.如权利要求1所述的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
人参2～4份，
北虫草1～3份，
山奈4～6份，
草果4～6份，
金银花8～12份，
余甘子5～7份，
艾草4～6份，
丁香1～2份，
肉桂2～4份，
甘草2～4份，
松花粉2～4份，
红茶4～6份，
壳寡糖0.5～0.6份。
3.如权利要求2所述的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物，其特征在于，所述中药组合物由以下重量份的原料制备而成：
人参3份，
北虫草2份，
山奈5份，
草果5份，
金银花10份，
余甘子6份，
艾草5份，
丁香1.5份，
肉桂3份，
甘草3份，
松花粉3份，
红茶5份，
壳寡糖0.5份。
4.一种扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
按照权利要求1～3任一所述的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的重量份称取原料，将山奈、草果、金银花、余甘子、艾草、丁香、肉桂、甘草和红茶混合，加5～20倍质量份的水浸泡15～60分钟，加热回流提取0.5～2小时，80～200目过滤，得第一提取液；
向药渣中加5～20倍质量份的水回流提取0.5～2小时，80～200目过滤，得第二提取液；
将第一提取液和第二提取液混合浓缩，加入人参、北虫草、松花粉和壳寡糖，获得所述扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物。
5.如权利要求4所述的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，将山奈、草果、金银花、余甘子、艾草、丁香、肉桂、甘草和红茶混合，加8～15倍质量份的水浸泡20～40分钟。
6.如权利要求4所述的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，向药渣中加8～15倍质量份的水。
7.如权利要求4所述的扶正抗毒防疫药食同源中药组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述人参、北虫草和松花粉预先进行破碎。
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