CN112003121B - Ultra-stable microwave generation device based on dual-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency stabilized laser - Google Patents
Ultra-stable microwave generation device based on dual-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency stabilized laser Download PDFInfo
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- CN112003121B CN112003121B CN202010858166.2A CN202010858166A CN112003121B CN 112003121 B CN112003121 B CN 112003121B CN 202010858166 A CN202010858166 A CN 202010858166A CN 112003121 B CN112003121 B CN 112003121B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1123—Q-switching
- H01S3/115—Q-switching using intracavity electro-optic devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/10053—Phase control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1307—Stabilisation of the phase
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of microwaves, and discloses an ultrastable microwave generating device based on double-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency stabilized lasers, namely two ultrastable lasers obtain ultrastable microwave signals through beat frequency, an optical comb is not needed to be used as a frequency transmission medium, and the ultrastable microwave generating device has the advantages of low cost, small system volume, simple link, high signal stability and the like. The frequency stabilization is carried out on the two lasers by using a Fabry-Perot cavity or frequency discrimination devices such as an atomic spectral line and an optical fiber ring interferometer, and the system link is further simplified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwaves, in particular to an ultrastable microwave generating device based on double-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency stabilized laser.
Technical Field
Ultrastable microwave frequency sources are also indispensable in many fields, such as high-precision radar, deep space exploration, high-precision comparison, communication, navigation, gravitational wave measurement, relativity verification and the like.
The most stable ultra-stable microwave frequency source system at present is a photo-generated microwave technology, and generally comprises an ultra-stable laser source and a frequency synthesis part taking a femtosecond optical frequency comb as a main body. And an ultrastable laser source is used as the reference frequency of the photo-generated microwave, and the stability of the laser frequency is transmitted to a radio frequency band through a femtosecond optical frequency comb to obtain a low-noise ultrastable microwave signal. The invention adopts two ultrastable lasers to beat frequency to generate an ultrastable microwave signal, does not need to use an optical comb as a frequency transmission medium, not only greatly reduces the system cost, reduces the system volume and simplifies the system link, but also has higher frequency stability because the stability of outputting the ultrastable microwave only depends on the ultrastable lasers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of complex optical structure, large volume and high cost in the current photo-generated ultrastable microwave scheme, the invention provides an ultrastable microwave generation method based on double-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency-stabilized laser, and two ultrastable lasers are used for beat frequency to obtain an ultrastable microwave signal.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a super-stable microwave generating device based on dual-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency stabilized laser is characterized by comprising a first laser, a second laser, a first servo feedback circuit, a second servo feedback circuit, a first beam splitter, a second beam splitter, a first phase modulator, a second phase modulator, a first beam combiner, a second beam combiner, a third photoelectric detector, a Fabry-Perot cavity, a third beam splitter, a first photoelectric detector, a first frequency mixer, a first phase shifter, a first radio frequency source, a second photoelectric detector, a second frequency mixer, a second phase shifter and a second radio frequency source;
the emergent laser of the first laser passes through the first beam splitter, the output light is split into two beams, the first beam enters the first phase modulator, and the second beam enters the input end of the second beam combiner; the emergent laser of the second laser passes through the second beam splitter, the output light is split into two beams, the first beam enters the second phase modulator, and the second beam enters the input end of the second beam combiner; the wavelengths of the first laser and the second laser respectively correspond to different resonance peaks of the Fabry-Perot cavity. After the two lasers with different wavelengths entering the second beam combiner are subjected to beat frequency, detecting the two lasers by the third photoelectric detector to obtain ultra-stable microwaves;
laser output by the first phase modulator and the second phase modulator enters the fabry-perot cavity after being combined by the first beam combiner, the laser reflected by the fabry-perot cavity passes through the third beam splitter to obtain two beams of light, the first beam of light is detected by the first photoelectric detector to obtain a first beat frequency signal and enters an RF end of the first frequency mixer, the first radio frequency source outputs two paths of radio frequency signals, the first path of radio frequency signals enters the first phase modulator for phase modulation of the laser output by the first laser, the second path of laser frequency signals passes through the first phase shifter and then enters an LO end of the first frequency mixer for demodulation of the first beat frequency signal, and a frequency discrimination signal of the first laser is obtained; a second path of light emitted by the third beam splitter is detected by the second photodetector to obtain a second beat signal, the second beat signal enters an RF end of the second frequency mixer, the second radio frequency source outputs two paths of radio frequency signals with different frequencies from the first radio frequency source, the first path of light enters the second phase modulator for phase modulation of the laser output by the second laser, and the second path of light enters an LO end of the second frequency mixer after passing through the second phase shifter to demodulate the second beat signal to obtain a frequency discrimination signal of the second laser;
the frequency discrimination signal of the first laser enters the first servo feedback circuit to form a feedback loop for laser frequency stabilization; and the frequency discrimination signal of the second laser enters the second servo feedback circuit to form a feedback loop for laser frequency stabilization.
Further, the ultrastable microwave signal is generated by the beat frequency of the laser output by the first laser and the second laser after frequency stabilization;
furthermore, the Fabry-Perot cavity is used for frequency stabilization of the two lasers;
furthermore, the laser frequency is modulated by the radio frequency source through the phase modulator, the fabry-perot cavity has a plurality of optical resonance peaks, when the frequency is locked, the two laser sources are locked on different resonance peaks, and the detection mode of the frequency error signal is heterodyne detection;
furthermore, the Fabry-Perot cavity frequency discrimination mode is a resonant frequency discrimination mode, and can be replaced by an atomic spectral line, an optical fiber ring interferometer and the like;
frequency f of the first radio frequency signal1Frequency f of the second RF signal2Frequency f of said third radio frequency signal3And the frequency f of the fourth radio frequency signal4Satisfies the following conditions: f. of1＝f2,f3＝f4And f is1≠f3.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the femtosecond optical frequency comb is not needed to be used as a transmission medium from optical frequency to microwave frequency, so that the system cost and complexity are greatly reduced, the realization difficulty is reduced, and extra noise generated by the optical comb is not introduced; one frequency discrimination device is adopted to stabilize the frequency of the two lasers at the same time, so that the complexity of the system is further reduced, and the volume of the system is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultra-stable microwave generating device based on dual-frequency Fabry-Perot cavity frequency stabilized laser according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples, which are provided to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope thereof, will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely illustrative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of example embodiments of the present invention.
Example one
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrastable microwave generating device based on dual-frequency fabry-perot cavity frequency stabilized laser according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the ultra-stable microwave generating device based on dual-frequency external modulation frequency-locked laser includes: a first laser 1, a second laser 2, a first servo feedback circuit 3, a second servo feedback circuit 4, a first beam splitter 5, a second beam splitter 6, a first electro-optical modulator 7, a second electro-optical modulator 8, a second beam combiner 9, a first beam combiner 10, a third photo-detector 11, a first photo-detector 14, a second photo-detector 18, a first mixer 15, a second mixer 19, a first phase shifter 16, a second phase shifter 20, a first radio frequency source 17, a second radio frequency source 21, a Fabry-Perot cavity 22, a BS (note: beam splitter) 23, a PBS (note: polarization beam splitter prism) 24, and a reflector 25;
the output wavelength of the first laser is 1550.12nm, the laser is divided into two beams after passing through the first beam splitter, the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner, and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner; the output wavelength of the second laser is 1550.34nm, the laser is divided into two beams after passing through the second beam splitter, the first beam of light enters the first beam combiner, and the second beam of light enters the second beam combiner. And after beating the two beams of laser entering the second beam combiner, detecting the two beams of laser by the third photoelectric detector to obtain the ultrastable microwave of about 27 GHz.
The length of the Fabry-Perot cavity resonator is about 10 cm, the cavity is placed in a vacuum environment, and the fineness F is more than or equal to 2 multiplied by 105The range Delta lambda of the free spectral path is 1.5GHz, and the microwave signal output is 27GHz, which is an integral multiple of the free spectral path.
And the feedback laser is reflected into the Fabry-Perot cavity through the BS after being combined by the first beam combiner, and the signal has two sidebands modulated by the electro-optic modulator. When the frequency of the carrier signal is close to the resonant frequency of the cavity, the carrier signal of the laser enters the resonant cavity, and the sideband signal cannot enter the resonant cavity; the carrier signal is out of phase with the sideband signal and the phase difference is related to the frequency of the laser such that the noise of the laser is translated into phase noise between the intracavity stored optical signal and the sideband signal for leakage. The carrier signals of the two lasers are locked on different resonance peaks of the FP cavity. The phase noise signal is emitted into the PBS through the BS and divided into two paths, the two paths of signals are respectively detected by two photoelectric detectors, and the two paths of signals are demodulated at different frequencies to obtain Fabry-Perot cavity frequency discrimination signals of the first laser and the second laser. Providing f using radio frequency synthesisEOMDrives an electro-optic modulator to perform optical modulation. The first photodetector obtains a signal having a frequency of
Into said first mixer, with f generated by the radiation sourceEOM1The beat frequency of the signal is obtained as an error signal I, the error signal I enters a first servo feedback circuit to form a feedback branch circuit for stabilizing the frequency, and the signal generated by the radio frequency source passes through a first shiftThe phase device ensures that the phase is orthogonal to the modulation signal; the second photodetector receives a signal having a frequency of
Into said second mixer, with f generated by the sourceEOM2And the beat frequency of the signal is obtained to obtain an error signal II, the error signal II enters a second servo feedback circuit to form a feedback branch circuit for stabilizing the frequency, and the signal generated by the radio frequency source is ensured to be orthogonal to the phase of the modulation signal through a second phase shifter.
In a specific application, for example, the fabry-perot cavity frequency discrimination mode is a resonant frequency discrimination mode, and an atomic spectral line, a fiber ring interferometer and the like can be replaced.
In a specific application, for example, the laser frequency is modulated by the rf source through the phase modulator, the fabry-perot cavity has a plurality of optical resonance peaks, when the frequency is locked, the two laser sources are locked on different resonance peaks, and the detection mode of the frequency error signal is heterodyne detection.
In summary, the ultrastable microwave generating device based on the dual-frequency fabry-perot cavity frequency stabilized laser provided by the embodiment has the following technical effects:
(1) the embodiment provides a photo-generated microwave system without a femtosecond optical frequency comb, namely, two ultrastable lasers are used for beating to obtain an ultrastable microwave signal, so that the stability of the microwave signal is ensured, the cost is greatly reduced, the system volume is reduced, the realization difficulty is reduced, and extra noise generated by the optical comb is not introduced;
(2) one frequency discrimination device is adopted to stabilize the frequency of the two lasers at the same time, so that the complexity of the system is further reduced, and the volume of the system is reduced.
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| WO2009013294A1 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-01-29 | Thales | Fibre dual-frequency laser with wave mixing in amplification optical fibres |
| CN103151696A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Method and device for stabilizing laser frequency and power |
| CN204719233U (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-10-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of target detection unit based on double-frequency laser |
| CN106159667A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-23 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of laser frequency stabilizing system of dual interferometer |
| CN109270825A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-25 | 北京大学 | A kind of dual wavelength quality chamber active light clock and its implementation method based on secondary lock chamber technology |
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Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009013294A1 (en) * | 2007-07-24 | 2009-01-29 | Thales | Fibre dual-frequency laser with wave mixing in amplification optical fibres |
| CN103151696A (en) * | 2013-02-20 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Method and device for stabilizing laser frequency and power |
| CN204719233U (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2015-10-21 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of target detection unit based on double-frequency laser |
| CN106159667A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2016-11-23 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of laser frequency stabilizing system of dual interferometer |
| CN109270825A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-25 | 北京大学 | A kind of dual wavelength quality chamber active light clock and its implementation method based on secondary lock chamber technology |
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