CN112078195A - Elastic anti-filter geotextile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an elastic anti-filtering geotextile and a preparation method thereof. The elastic anti-filtering geotextile is formed by successively stacking three layers of an upper elastic fiber composite geotextile, an elastic non-woven fabric and a lower elastic fiber composite geotextile. The elastic fiber composite geotextile is composed of warp yarns, weft yarns and elastic fibers by overlapping and interweaving each other to form a well-shaped structure, and elastic fibers are woven between adjacent warp yarns and adjacent weft yarns. and elastic fibers leave pores between each other. The invention adopts scientific composition structure and weaving process, so that the anti-filter geotextile has elasticity, so that it has a certain self-adaptive ability, and ensures that the pores will not be too large during elastic deformation, and solves the problem of the inelasticity of the anti-filter geotextile. capacity and easy to aging, cracking and other problems.

Description

Elastic anti-filter geotextile and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to an anti-filtering geotextile, in particular to an elastic anti-filtering geotextile and a preparation method thereof, which can be used for self-adaptive deformation while preventing and controlling seepage damage of the project in the process of engineering construction.

Background technique

With the continuous construction of my country's national infrastructure, there is a new type of material that is used in engineering after wood, steel, and concrete - geotextiles. Among them, anti-filter geotextiles are widely used in foundation pit engineering, road subgrade and edge. Slope engineering, sewage treatment, landfill and other projects, and played a vital role in preventing and controlling the seepage and damage of its engineering. The engineering function of the reverse filter geotextile is to allow the liquid (such as groundwater) to pass through, while keeping the soil particles affected by the osmotic pressure from losing, especially in hydraulic engineering, it can effectively prevent the phenomenon of "piping" and "sudden surge" .

In fact, with the continuous development of construction projects, foundation pit projects, road subgrade and side slope projects, landfill slopes and other projects require elastic anti-filter geotextiles with longer life and adaptive deformation to adapt to the engineering process. small deformation. However, the existing anti-filter geotextiles cannot meet the above requirements, and have the following shortcomings: 1. The mechanical strength is poor, especially the tensile strength and deformation ability are poor, and it is prone to aging, cracking and other undesirable phenomena in a variety of use environments; 2. The weaving process is single, the structure is simple, and there is no elasticity and adaptive deformation ability.

Therefore, in order to meet the existing construction requirements and lower maintenance costs in the later period, in view of the problems of inelasticity, aging and cracking of anti-filter geotextiles, an elastic anti-filter with scientific structural composition and certain adaptive deformation ability is urgently needed. Geotextile.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an elastic anti-filter geotextile and a preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

One aspect of the present invention provides an elastic anti-filtering geotextile, the elastic anti-filtering geotextile is formed by stacking three layers of an upper elastic fiber composite geotextile, an elastic non-woven fabric, and a lower elastic fiber composite geotextile in sequence; The fiber composite geotextile is composed of warp yarns, weft yarns and elastic fibers; the warp yarns and weft yarns are intertwined to form a well-shaped structure by overlapping up and down, and elastic fibers are woven between adjacent warp yarns and adjacent weft yarns ; The warp, weft and elastic fibers leave voids between each other.

Further, the horizontal weft yarns and elastic fibers are evenly arranged, and the longitudinal warp yarns and elastic fibers are evenly arranged to ensure that all pores of the elastic anti-filter geotextile are of the same size.

Further, the warp, weft and elastic fibers of the elastic fiber composite geotextile are woven together by a warp knitting machine.

Further, the three yarns of warp, weft and elastic fiber in the elastic fiber composite geotextile are not only intertwined with each other in the plane, but also intertwined in the thickness direction, thereby forming a non-layered overall structure.

Further, the elastic non-woven fabric uses chemical fibers as raw materials and adds elastic masterbatches, which are chemically or hot-melted to make it not only have the functions of water permeability and sand filtering of the non-woven fabric, but also have elasticity, and have stable chemical properties, which can adapt to Wide range of applications in different environments.

Further, the pore size of the elastic anti-filter geotextile is sufficient to prevent most of the mud and sand in its application environment from passing through.

Further, the elasticity of the elastic fiber composite geotextile is smaller than that of the elastic non-woven fabric, and the three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile is sewn together by the needle punching method or the stitching method, so that the elastic anti-filtering geotextile is both elastic and non-woven. Due to the excessive elasticity, the pores will become larger, allowing the mud and sand to pass through the elastic anti-filtering geotextile.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a preparation method of elastic anti-filter geotextile, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of elastic fiber composite geotextile: using polymer (such as rubber) as raw material, the polymer is drawn into the form of yarn by raising the temperature to make warp and weft; then warp knitting machine is used to combine warp and weft together Elastic fibers are woven together to make elastic fiber composite geotextiles;

(2) Preparation of elastic non-woven fabrics: chemical fibers are used as raw materials, and elastic masterbatches are added to them, which are chemically or hot-melt bonded to make them not only have the functions of water permeability and sand filtering of non-woven fabrics, but also have elasticity;

(3) The three layers of the upper elastic fiber composite geotextile, the elastic non-woven fabric, and the lower elastic fiber composite geotextile are sewn together by needle punching or stitching to form an elastic anti-filtering geotextile.

Further, the three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile is sewn by using a needle punching machine, and one or two times of acupuncture composite is adopted in the sewing process to ensure the tightness and composite fastness of the three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile. .

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The structural composition and weaving process of the present invention are scientific, which can improve the mechanical strength of the elastic anti-filter geotextile, that is, enhance the tensile strength, prolong the service life and adapt to different environments, and have broad engineering application scenarios.

2. In the weaving process of the present invention, elastic fibers are woven to make it elastic, but due to the constraints of warp and weft yarns, its elasticity has a certain limit, and two layers of elastic fiber composite geotextile are sandwiched with a layer of elastic non-woven fabric. The scientific structure of the cloth can limit the pore size of the elastic anti-filtering geotextile to prevent the pore size from becoming larger due to elastic deformation, so that the sand can filter through the elastic anti-filtering geotextile.

3. The present invention can self-adaptively deform. In the case of small deformation in the project, the elastic anti-filter geotextile can adapt to the small deformation in various engineering constructions, so as to prevent the anti-filter geotextile from being damaged after the small deformation occurs in the project during use. The cloth is cracked and does not fit the rock and soil layer.

4. The present invention adopts common acupuncture technology to sew, which is easy to realize the mass production of elastic anti-filter geotextile, reduces production cost and improves production efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of elastic anti-filter geotextile;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of weaving mode of elastic fiber composite geotextile;

Among them: elastic fiber composite geotextile 1, warp yarn 1-1, weft yarn 1-2, elastic fiber 1-3, elastic non-woven fabric 2.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, an elastic anti-filter geotextile provided in this embodiment is formed by stacking three layers of an upper elastic fiber composite geotextile 1, an elastic non-woven fabric 2, and a lower elastic fiber composite geotextile 1 in sequence; The elasticity of the elastic fiber composite geotextile 1 is less than that of the elastic non-woven fabric 2. The three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile is sewn together by acupuncture or stitching, and two layers of elastic fiber composite geotextile are sandwiched between one layer. The scientific structure of the elastic non-woven fabric can limit the pore size of the elastic anti-filtering geotextile, so as to prevent the elastic geotextile from becoming larger due to elastic deformation, so that the mud and sand can pass through the elastic anti-filtering geotextile.

As shown in Figure 2, the elastic fiber composite geotextile 1 is composed of warp yarns 1-1, weft yarns 1-2 and elastic fibers 1-3, which are woven together by a warp knitting machine; the warp yarns 1-1 and weft yarns 1-2 pass through The way of overlapping up and down, interweaving to form a well-shaped structure, elastic fibers 1-3 are woven between adjacent warp yarns 1-1 and adjacent weft yarns 1-2; the warp yarns 1-1 and weft yarns 1 -2 and elastic fibers 1-3 leave voids between each other, and the horizontal weft yarns 1-2 and elastic fibers 1-3 are evenly arranged, and the longitudinal warp yarns 1-1 and elastic fibers 1-3 are evenly arranged to ensure elastic anti-filtering All the pores of the geotextile are of the same size, so that when filtering mud and sand, the mud and sand will not pass through the elastic geotextile due to different pore sizes. The mechanical strength, that is, the enhanced tensile strength, can prolong the service life and adapt to different environments.

Specifically, in the elastic fiber composite geotextile 1, the three yarns of warp yarn 1-1, weft yarn 1-2 and elastic fiber 1-3 are not only intertwined with each other in the plane, but also intertwined in the thickness direction, Thus forming a non-layered overall structure.

Specifically, the elastic non-woven fabric 2 uses chemical fiber as a raw material and adds elastic masterbatch, which is chemically or hot-melt bonded to make it not only have the functions of water permeability and sand filtering of the non-woven fabric, but also have elasticity and stable chemical properties. , can adapt to different environments and have a wide range of applications.

The preparation method of a kind of elastic anti-filter geotextile provided by this embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:

(1) Preparation of elastic fiber composite geotextile 1: Using polymer (such as rubber) as raw material, the polymer is drawn into the form of yarn by raising the temperature to make warp 1-1 and weft 1-2; The knitting machine knits the warp 1-1 and the weft 1-2 together with the elastic fiber 1-3 to make the elastic fiber composite geotextile 1;

(2) Preparation of elastic non-woven fabric 2: chemical fibers are used as raw materials, and elastic masterbatch is added to it, and it has both the water-permeable and sand-filtering functions of non-woven fabrics and elasticity through chemical or hot-melt bonding;

(3) The three layers of upper elastic fiber composite geotextile 1, elastic non-woven fabric 2, and lower elastic fiber composite geotextile 1 are sewn together by needle punching or stitching to form an elastic anti-filtering geotextile.

Specifically, a needling machine is used to sew the three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile, and during the sewing process, one or two times of acupuncture are used to ensure the tightness and composite fastness of the three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile. .

A specific application scenario of the elastic anti-filtering geotextile of this embodiment is given below, but it is not limited to this: the elastic anti-filtering geotextile is transported from the factory to the road subgrade construction site, after the area to be laid is leveled, the elastic anti-filtering geotextile is When the filter geotextile is laid in this area, during the construction process, a lap of about 10cm is generally required between each two elastic anti-filter geotextiles. After the laying is completed, continue to construct the road subgrade; When the roadbed is slightly deformed, the elastic anti-filtering geotextile laid adaptively deforms to adapt to the small deformation in the project, ensuring that the elastic anti-filtering geotextile always fits the road subgrade rock and soil layer, so that the anti-filtering effect is not affected.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above, or modify them into equivalents of equivalent changes. Example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An elastic anti-filtering geotextile is characterized in that, it is formed by stacking these three layers of upper elastic fiber composite geotextile (1), elastic non-woven fabric (2), lower elastic fiber composite geotextile (1) successively; The elastic fiber composite geotextile (1) is composed of warp yarns (1-1), weft yarns (1-2) and elastic fibers (1-3); the warp yarns (1-1) and weft yarns (1-2) pass through The way of overlapping up and down and interweaving constitutes a well-shaped structure, and elastic fibers (1-3) are woven between adjacent warp yarns (1-1) and adjacent weft yarns (1-2); the warp yarns (1-1), the weft yarns (1-2) and the elastic fibers (1-3) leave voids among each other. 2. An elastic anti-filter geotextile according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse weft yarns (1-2) and elastic fibers (1-3) are evenly arranged, and the longitudinal warp yarns (1-1) and elastic fibers (1-3) are arranged uniformly. Fibers (1-3) are evenly arranged to ensure that all pores of the elastic anti-filter geotextile are of the same size. 3. An elastic anti-filter geotextile according to claim 1, characterized in that the warp (1-1), weft (1-2) and elastic fibers (1) of the elastic fiber composite geotextile (1) -3) Weave together by warp knitting machine. 4. An elastic anti-filter geotextile according to claim 1, characterized in that, in the elastic fiber composite geotextile (1), the warp yarn (1-1), the weft yarn (1-2) and the elastic fiber (1) -3) The three yarns are not only intertwined with each other in the plane, but also intertwined in the thickness direction, thus forming a non-layered overall structure. 5. A kind of elastic anti-filter geotextile according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described elastic non-woven fabric (2) takes chemical fiber as raw material and adds elastic master batch into it, makes it through chemical or hot melt bonding It not only has the functions of water permeability and sand filtering of non-woven fabrics, but also has elasticity. 6 . The elastic anti-filtering geotextile according to claim 1 , wherein the pore size of the elastic anti-filtering geotextile is sufficient to prevent most of the mud and sand in its application environment from passing through. 7 . 7. An elastic anti-filtering geotextile according to claim 1, characterized in that the elasticity of the elastic fiber composite geotextile (1) is less than that of the elastic non-woven fabric (2), and the three-layer elastic anti-filtering geotextile The structure is sewn together by needle punching or stitching, so that the elastic anti-filtering geotextile is elastic, and the pores will not become larger due to excessive elasticity, so that mud and sand can pass through the elastic anti-filtering geotextile. 8. a preparation method of the described elastic anti-filter geotextile of claim 1, is characterized in that, this method comprises the following steps: (1) Preparation of elastic fiber composite geotextile (1): using polymer as raw material, the polymer is drawn into the form of yarn by raising the temperature to make warp yarn (1-1) and weft yarn (1-2); The warp yarn (1-1) and the weft yarn (1-2) are knitted together with the elastic fiber (1-3) by using the warp knitting machine to make the elastic fiber composite geotextile (1); (2) Preparation of elastic non-woven fabric (2): chemical fiber is used as raw material, and elastic masterbatch is added to it, and it has both the water-permeable and sand-filtering functions of non-woven fabric and elasticity through chemical or hot-melt bonding; (3) The three layers of the upper elastic fiber composite geotextile (1), elastic non-woven fabric (2), and lower elastic fiber composite geotextile (1) are sewn together by acupuncture or stitching to form an elastic Filter geotextile. 9 . The preparation method according to claim 8 , wherein the three-layer structure of the elastic anti-filter geotextile is sewn by using a needle punching machine, and one or two times of acupuncture composite is adopted in the sewing process to ensure the elastic anti-filter. 10 . Three-layer structure tightness and compound fastness of filter geotextile.

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