CN112113692B - Long-term stress monitoring system and method based on perforated underground continuous wall - Google Patents

Abstract

The long-term stress monitoring system based on the perforated diaphragm wall comprises monitoring equipment for monitoring diaphragm wall strain data, a data acquisition device for acquiring the strain data, a data processing system for performing stress analysis and an alarm module for alarming when the monitored diaphragm wall stress value reaches an early warning value, wherein the top surface of the diaphragm wall is provided with a plurality of holes extending along the vertical direction, the positions of the holes avoid diaphragm wall reinforcement cages, and the holes are uniformly distributed at equal intervals along the length of the diaphragm wall; the size of the hole is matched with the size of the monitoring equipment, and the hole penetrates through the bottom surface of the ground connecting wall; the monitoring equipment is arranged in the hole, and the monitoring equipment is a hollow inclusion stress meter. The invention also provides a monitoring method of the long-term stress monitoring system based on the perforated underground continuous wall. The invention can utilize the underground diaphragm wall structure to the maximum extent, and efficiently, practically and reliably monitor the stress of the underground diaphragm wall.

Description

A long-term stress monitoring system and monitoring method based on perforated ground-connected wall

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of stress monitoring, and in particular to a long-term stress monitoring system and a monitoring method based on a perforated ground-connected wall.

Background technique

In many large-scale projects, the construction method of using ground-connected walls as supporting structures is becoming increasingly popular. During the construction phase, ground-connected walls can withstand great soil pressure and have strong anti-seepage performance. After the construction is completed, they can also become a permanent barrier for the foundation or part of the underground structure. During the excavation process, the stress in the ground-connected wall may continue to increase due to the continuous increase in excavation depth. When it reaches a certain level, the wall may crack, and in severe cases, the internal structure of the wall may be damaged. Not only during the construction phase, but also after the construction is completed, if there are new engineering projects in the surrounding environment, it will have a great impact on the existing ground-connected walls. Therefore, long-term monitoring of the stress of the ground-connected wall is very necessary.

However, there are currently almost no long-term stress monitoring methods for ground-connected walls. Existing monitoring methods are mainly traditional methods, such as drilling and core extraction and acoustic wave projection. Subsequent monitoring after construction is troublesome and may cause a certain degree of damage to the wall. Many people also choose to embed sensors to monitor the internal stress of ground-connected walls, but in this way, the monitoring equipment is easily damaged during construction, it is inconvenient to repair, and the measurement is inaccurate. The current ground-connected wall structure is not suitable for stress monitoring, and the existing stress monitoring solutions are not designed in combination with the ground-connected wall's own structure. In fact, the ground-connected wall is very large, and if the internal space of the ground-connected wall is not effectively utilized, it will cause a waste of resources.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention provides a long-term stress monitoring system and monitoring method based on a perforated ground-connected wall.

The first aspect of the present invention provides a long-term stress monitoring system based on a perforated ground-connected wall, a long-term stress monitoring system based on a perforated ground-connected wall, comprising a monitoring device for monitoring strain data of the ground-connected wall, a data acquisition device for acquiring strain data, a data processing system for performing stress analysis, and an alarm module for alarming when the monitored stress value of the ground-connected wall reaches a warning value, characterized in that: a plurality of holes extending in a vertical direction are opened on the top surface of the ground-connected wall, and the positions of the holes are made to avoid the steel cage of the ground-connected wall, and the plurality of holes are evenly spaced along the length of the ground-connected wall; the size of the holes is adapted to the size of the monitoring device, and the holes penetrate the bottom surface of the ground-connected wall;

The monitoring device is arranged in the hole, and the monitoring device is a hollow inclusion stress gauge. A plurality of hollow inclusion stress gauges are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hole, and a strain rosette for measuring stress is provided on the hollow inclusion stress gauge; the hollow inclusion stress gauge is electrically connected to the data acquisition device through a transmission cable, and the strain data is transmitted to the data acquisition device; the data acquisition device is wirelessly connected to the data processing system, and the data acquisition device stores the strain data and transmits the strain data to the data processing system; the data processing system is wirelessly connected to the PC;

The data processing system includes a data receiving and storage module, a stress analysis module, a reliability analysis module and a data transmission module; the data receiving and storage module receives and stores strain data transmitted by a data acquisition device; the stress analysis module includes a stress calculation submodule, a quality control submodule and a stress accuracy assessment submodule, the stress calculation submodule is used to calculate the stress analysis value, the quality control submodule is used to remove abnormal values, and the stress accuracy assessment submodule assesses the stress analysis value; the stress analysis module retrieves the strain data in the data receiving and storage module, calculates and assesses the strain data, and obtains the stress analysis result; the reliability analysis module performs reliability analysis on the stress analysis result to obtain the reliability analysis result; the data transmission module sends the stress analysis result and the reliability analysis result to the PC end, and sends an alarm message to the PC end when the monitored stress exceeds the warning value;

The PC terminal is electrically connected to the alarm device, the PC terminal displays the analysis result, and transmits the received alarm signal to the alarm device; the alarm device includes an LED indicator light and an alarm for issuing an alarm notification to the monitoring personnel.

Furthermore, the four strain gauges are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction of the hollow inclusion stress gauge, wherein the strain gauge located in the first position is inclined to the lower right, the strain gauge located in the second position is arranged in the horizontal direction, the strain gauge located in the third position is inclined to the upper right, and the strain gauge located in the last position is arranged in the vertical direction; the angle between the strain gauge located in the first position and the strain gauge located in the second position is 45 degrees, and the angle between the strain gauge located in the second position and the strain gauge located in the third position is 45 degrees.

Furthermore, the data acquisition device includes a storage module and a wireless signal transmitting device, the storage module is used to store the strain data transmitted by the monitoring equipment, and the wireless signal transmitting device is used to transmit the strain data to the data processing system.

Furthermore, the hole is located at the center of the ground-connected wall in the thickness direction.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a monitoring method for a long-term stress monitoring system based on a perforated ground-connected wall, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Select the required measurement area and determine the location of the reserved holes of the ground connection wall;

Step 2, reserve holes in the ground-connected wall;

Step 3, a hollow inclusion strain gauge is placed in the hole at a certain interval, and the hollow inclusion strain gauge is bonded to the inner wall of the hole, the hollow inclusion strain gauge collects strain data, and transmits the strain data to the data acquisition device;

Step 4, the data acquisition device sends the strain data to the data processing system via wireless communication;

Step 5: The data processing system performs stress analysis and reliability analysis based on the strain data, sends the stress analysis results and reliability analysis results to the PC, and sends an alarm message to the PC when the monitored stress exceeds the warning value;

Step 6: The PC displays the analysis results and transmits the received alarm information to the alarm device;

Step 7: The alarm device sends an alarm notification to the monitoring personnel according to the alarm signal.

Furthermore, the measurement area in step 1 is selected based on the following three points:

(1.1) The stress state of the ground-anchored wall section in the measurement area should be able to reflect the situation of the section, and the selected measurement area should be representative;

(1.2) The complex strata around the ground-connected wall section in the measurement area will affect the ground-connected wall stress;

(1.3) Other construction projects are ongoing around the ground-anchored wall section in the survey area.

Furthermore, the construction method of the reserved holes in step 2 comprises the following steps:

(2.1) Before pouring concrete into the ground-anchored wall, insert several rigid pipes and seal the lower ends of the rigid pipes before insertion;

(2.2) Check whether the rigid pipe is perpendicular to the ground-connected wall groove, and seal the upper end of the rigid pipe if it meets the requirements;

(2.3) After pouring concrete, use a pipe pulling machine to gradually pull out the embedded rigid pipes.

Further, the stress analysis in step 5 includes the following steps:

(5.1.1) Perform preliminary stress calculation on the received stress data using a stress calculation program to obtain preliminary stress data;

(5.1.2) Considering creep factors, the preliminary stress data is processed to obtain stress record values;

(5.1.3) The stress components are obtained by using the least square method for the stress records;

(5.1.4) Calculate the residual of stress record value;

(5.1.5) Apply the studentization procedure to the residuals of stress record values to calculate the studentized residuals, and use the absolute value method of the studentized residuals to eliminate abnormal record values;

(5.1.6) Re-apply the least square method to the stress data excluding the abnormal points, and then cyclically apply the studentized residual absolute value method to eliminate the abnormal record values to obtain the optimal stress analysis result;

(5.1.7) Perform stress accuracy assessment on the stress analysis results. The stress accuracy assessment includes the accuracy assessment of the principal stress values and the accuracy assessment of the principal stress directions, and obtain the assessment results.

Further, the reliability analysis in step 5 includes the following steps:

(5.2.1) Perform relative error analysis on stress data in a single hole;

(5.2.2) Evaluate the standard deviation of stress data in porous holes;

(5.2.3) Evaluate the data based on geological and depth conditions, strength criteria, statistical laws, and known stress databases;

(5.2.4) Combined with groundwater and temperature factors, a comprehensive assessment is conducted to obtain reliability analysis results.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: maximum utilization of the ground-connected wall structure and permanent, efficient, practical and reliable ground-connected wall stress monitoring.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a front view of the ground-connected wall hole structure and the placement of the monitoring equipment.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the ground-connected wall hole structure and the placement of the monitoring equipment.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the ground-connected wall hole structure and the placement of the monitoring equipment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring device.

FIG. 5 is a top view of the monitoring device.

FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a strain gauge rosette.

FIG. 7 is a system structure diagram of the present invention.

FIG8 is a flow chart of reliability analysis in a data processing system.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of removing outliers in a data processing system.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of stress accuracy assessment in a data processing system.

Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-hole; 2-monitoring equipment, 3-transmission cable; 4-strain gauge; 5-strain rosette.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, a long-term stress monitoring system based on a perforated ground-connected wall includes a monitoring device for monitoring strain data of the ground-connected wall, a data acquisition device for acquiring strain data, a data processing system for performing stress analysis, and an alarm module for alarming when the monitored stress value of the ground-connected wall reaches a warning value.

In this embodiment, the ground-connected wall is 20m deep, 60cm thick, and each section is 6m long; the top surface of the ground-connected wall is provided with two holes with a diameter of 36mm extending in the vertical direction, and the holes are positioned away from the ground-connected wall steel cage, the centers of the two holes are 30cm away from the inner and outer walls, and 1.5m away from the connecting side of the wall. The center distance between the two holes 1 is 3m; the size of the hole is adapted to the size of the monitoring equipment, and the hole runs through the bottom surface of the ground-connected wall; sufficient distance is reserved between the connection between the hole and the ground-connected wall and between the inner and outer walls of the ground-connected wall, and sufficient distance is also reserved between the holes;

The monitoring device is set in the hole. The monitoring device can be placed at a certain depth in the hole to obtain strain data for a long time for analyzing the change of stress over time. If the monitoring device is damaged, the old device can be taken out of the hole and a new device can be put in. The monitoring device is a hollow inclusion stress gauge. A hollow inclusion strain gauge is set every two meters in the hole, and there are 10 strain gauges in each hole; the hollow inclusion stress gauge includes an epoxy resin cylinder, and the outer wall of the epoxy resin cylinder is pasted with three groups of strain flowers for measuring stress at 120 degrees in the circumferential direction. Each group of strain flowers consists of 4 strain gauges in different directions; the 4 strain gauges are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction of the hollow inclusion stress gauge, wherein the strain gauge at the first position is tilted to the lower right, the strain gauge at the second position is arranged in the horizontal direction, the strain gauge at the third position is tilted to the upper right, and the strain gauge at the last position is arranged in the vertical direction; the angle between the strain gauge at the first position and the strain gauge at the second position is 45 degrees, and the angle between the strain gauge at the second position and the strain gauge at the third position is 45 degrees. The outside of the strain gauge is coated with an epoxy resin layer, so that the strain gauge is embedded in the outer wall of the epoxy resin tube; the inner cavity of the epoxy resin tube is provided with an epoxy resin adhesive for bonding with the inner wall of the hole. The outer diameter of the strain gauge is 35.5mm, the working length is 150mm, and it can be installed in a hole with a diameter of 36 to 38mm.

The hollow inclusion stress gauge is electrically connected to the data acquisition device through a transmission cable to transmit the strain data to the data acquisition device; in this embodiment, the data acquisition device adopts an intelligent hollow inclusion stress gauge data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition device is connected to the monitoring device 2 with an RS-232 interface and a transmission cable 3. Each data acquisition instrument can receive data from 5 hollow inclusion stress gauges at the same time. The storage module of the data acquisition instrument is 32GB, which is used to store the strain data transmitted by the monitoring equipment. This data acquisition instrument is equipped with a wireless signal transmitting device for transmitting the strain data to the data processing system;

In this embodiment, the data processing system adopts a cloud computing service system, including a data receiving and storage module, a stress analysis module, a reliability analysis module and a data transmission module; the data receiving and storage module receives and stores the strain data transmitted by the data acquisition device; the stress analysis module includes a stress calculation submodule, a quality control submodule and a stress accuracy assessment submodule; the stress calculation program includes a preliminary calculation and a secondary calculation after considering creep, temperature and other factors, and the stress calculation program is used to calculate the stress data; the quality control program is used to remove outliers, and the method for removing outliers is: using the least squares method to obtain the residual of the stress component and the stress record value; applying the studentization program to the ordinary residual can obtain the studentized residual. A stress record value, if its studentized residual is much larger than the studentized residual of other values, we call it an outlier, which will have a greater impact on the estimation result. Therefore, it is necessary to eliminate outliers. After eliminating the outliers, the least squares method is re-solved for the stress component. From the error theory, the root mean square error of the stress component can be known, and the corresponding coordinate transformation can further obtain the direction of the principal stress value and its error. Then the studentized residual absolute value method is cyclically applied to eliminate outliers to obtain the optimal stress analysis value. The stress accuracy assessment program assesses the stress analysis value after removing the abnormal value to determine whether the obtained stress data meets the relevant specifications. The reliability analysis module performs reliability analysis on the stress analysis results to obtain reliability analysis results; the data transmission module sends the stress analysis results and reliability analysis results to the PC end, and sends an alarm message to the PC end when the monitored stress exceeds the warning value;

The data processing system is connected to the PC via wireless communication. The data processing system performs stress analysis based on the strain data and sends the analysis results to the PC. When the monitored stress exceeds the warning value, an alarm message is sent to the PC. On-site monitoring personnel use the PC to access the cloud computing service system in real time to observe the stress change trend of the ground-connected wall. When the alarm program in the cloud computing service system receives information that the actual stress value is greater than the pre-determined alarm value, the system will send an alarm message to the PC. The alarm devices connected to the PC on site, including the LED indicator and the alarm, will react. The LED indicator will flash and the alarm will sound. The early warning system can give real-time alarms for abnormal situations that occur during the ground-connected wall stress monitoring process, effectively reducing safety hazards.

A monitoring method of a long-term stress monitoring system based on a perforated ground-connected wall comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Select the required measurement area and determine the location of the reserved holes of the ground connection wall; the measurement area is selected based on the following three points:

1.1) The stress state of the ground-anchored wall section in the measurement area should be able to reflect the situation of the section, and the selected measurement area should be representative;

1.2) The strata around the ground-connected wall section in the measurement area are complex and will affect the stress of the ground-connected wall;

1.3) There are other construction projects underway around the ground-anchored wall section in the measurement area.

Step 2, reserving holes in the ground-connected wall; the construction method of reserving holes includes the following steps:

2.1) Before pouring concrete into the ground-connected wall, insert several rigid pipes and seal the lower ends of the rigid pipes before insertion;

2.2) Check whether the rigid pipe is perpendicular to the ground-connected wall trench, and seal the upper end of the rigid pipe if it meets the requirements;

2.3) After pouring concrete, use a pipe pulling machine to gradually pull out the embedded rigid pipes.

Step 3, a hollow inclusion strain gauge is placed in the hole at a certain interval, and the hollow inclusion strain gauge is bonded to the inner wall of the hole, the hollow inclusion strain gauge collects strain data, and transmits the strain data to the data acquisition device;

Step 4, the data acquisition device sends the strain data to the data processing system via wireless communication;

Step 5: The data processing system performs stress analysis and reliability analysis based on the strain data, sends the stress analysis results and reliability analysis results to the PC, and sends an alarm message to the PC when the monitored stress exceeds the warning value;

The stress analysis comprises the following steps:

(5.1.1) Perform preliminary stress calculation on the received stress data using a stress calculation program to obtain preliminary stress data;

(5.1.2) Considering creep factors, the preliminary stress data is processed to obtain stress record values;

(5.1.3) The stress components are obtained by using the least square method for the stress records;

(5.1.4) Calculate the residual of stress record value;

(5.1.5) Apply the studentization procedure to the residuals of stress record values to calculate the studentized residuals, and use the absolute value method of the studentized residuals to eliminate abnormal record values;

(5.1.6) Re-apply the least square method to the stress data excluding the abnormal points, and then cyclically apply the studentized residual absolute value method to eliminate the abnormal record values to obtain the optimal stress analysis result;

(5.1.7) Perform stress accuracy assessment on the stress analysis results. The stress accuracy assessment includes the accuracy assessment of the principal stress values and the accuracy assessment of the principal stress directions, and obtain the assessment results.

The reliability analysis includes the following steps:

(5.2.1) Perform relative error analysis on stress data in a single hole;

(5.2.2) Evaluate the standard deviation of stress data in porous holes;

(5.2.3) Evaluate the data based on geological and depth conditions, strength criteria, statistical laws, and known stress databases;

(5.2.4) Combined with other criteria, such as groundwater and temperature factors, a comprehensive assessment is conducted to obtain reliability analysis results.

Specifically, the relative error is used to judge the data of a single borehole. After it meets the standard specifications, it is judged by the existing basic database, and then further checked by various criteria in the stress state. The data of multiple boreholes in the measurement area are sorted and fitted, and the stress state of this area is obtained. At the same time, the reliability is evaluated using the standard deviation and the residual of the fitting. The final result can be further compared with the basic database, and can be evaluated according to the data quality standard and entered into the basic data. While the analysis program evaluates the calculation results according to the basic database, it will also give the results of other evaluation criteria for monitoring personnel to study. Generally speaking, the stress value must meet the strength criterion. If an extremely high stress-intensity ratio occurs, it should be regarded as an abnormal value. Geological and depth conditions and statistical laws are also relatively important judgment bases that need to be evaluated and analyzed in combination with actual conditions. The above criteria do not fully consider the impact of factors surrounding the actual measurement location on stress measurement. Therefore, the analysis program will evaluate the impact of surrounding factors, such as surrounding buildings, groundwater, etc., on the results. In addition, factors such as temperature may also affect the results. If necessary, a temperature influence module can be added to the analysis program.

Step 6: The PC displays the analysis results and transmits the received alarm information to the alarm device;

Step 7: The alarm device sends an alarm notification to the monitoring personnel according to the alarm signal.

The contents described in the embodiments of this specification are merely an enumeration of the implementation forms of the inventive concept. The protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms described in the embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention also extends to equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.

Claims (8)

1. A monitoring method for a long-term stress monitoring system based on a perforated ground-connected wall, wherein the long-term stress monitoring system comprises a monitoring device for monitoring strain data of the ground-connected wall, a data acquisition device for acquiring strain data, a data processing system for performing stress analysis, and an alarm module for alarming when the monitored stress value of the ground-connected wall reaches a warning value, characterized in that: a plurality of holes extending in a vertical direction are opened on the top surface of the ground-connected wall, and the positions of the holes are made to avoid the steel cage of the ground-connected wall, and the plurality of holes are evenly spaced along the length of the ground-connected wall; the size of the holes is adapted to the size of the monitoring device, and the holes penetrate the bottom surface of the ground-connected wall; The monitoring device is arranged in the hole, and the monitoring device is a hollow inclusion stress gauge. A plurality of hollow inclusion stress gauges are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the hole, and a strain rosette for measuring stress is provided on the hollow inclusion stress gauge; the hollow inclusion stress gauge is electrically connected to the data acquisition device through a transmission cable, and the strain data is transmitted to the data acquisition device; the data acquisition device is wirelessly connected to the data processing system, and the data acquisition device stores the strain data and transmits the strain data to the data processing system; the data processing system is wirelessly connected to the PC; The data processing system includes a data receiving and storage module, a stress analysis module, a reliability analysis module and a data transmission module; the data receiving and storage module receives and stores strain data transmitted by a data acquisition device; the stress analysis module includes a stress calculation submodule, a quality control submodule and a stress accuracy assessment submodule, the stress calculation submodule is used to calculate the stress analysis value, the quality control submodule is used to remove abnormal values, and the stress accuracy assessment submodule assesses the stress analysis value; the stress analysis module retrieves the strain data in the data receiving and storage module, calculates and assesses the strain data, and obtains the stress analysis result; the reliability analysis module performs reliability analysis on the stress analysis result to obtain the reliability analysis result; the data transmission module sends the stress analysis result and the reliability analysis result to the PC end, and sends an alarm message to the PC end when the monitored stress exceeds the warning value; The PC terminal is electrically connected to the alarm device, the PC terminal displays the analysis results, and transmits the received alarm signal to the alarm device; the alarm device includes an LED indicator light and an alarm for issuing an alarm notification to the monitoring personnel; The monitoring method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Select the required measurement area and determine the location of the reserved holes of the ground connection wall; Step 2, reserve holes in the ground-connected wall; Step 3, a hollow inclusion strain gauge is placed in the hole at a certain interval, and the hollow inclusion strain gauge is bonded to the inner wall of the hole, the hollow inclusion strain gauge collects strain data, and transmits the strain data to the data acquisition device; Step 4, the data acquisition device sends the strain data to the data processing system via wireless communication; Step 5: The data processing system performs stress analysis and reliability analysis based on the strain data, sends the stress analysis results and reliability analysis results to the PC, and sends an alarm message to the PC when the monitored stress exceeds the warning value; the stress analysis specifically includes the following steps: (5.1.1) Perform preliminary stress calculation on the received stress data using a stress calculation program to obtain preliminary stress data; (5.1.2) Considering creep factors, the preliminary stress data is processed to obtain stress record values; (5.1.3) The stress components are obtained by using the least square method for the stress records; (5.1.4) Calculate the residual of stress record value; (5.1.5) Apply the studentization procedure to the residuals of stress record values to calculate the studentized residuals, and use the absolute value method of the studentized residuals to eliminate abnormal record values; (5.1.6) Re-apply the least square method to the stress data excluding the abnormal points, and then cyclically apply the studentized residual absolute value method to eliminate the abnormal record values to obtain the optimal stress analysis result; (5.1.7) Conduct stress accuracy assessment on the stress analysis results. The stress accuracy assessment includes the accuracy assessment of the principal stress values and the accuracy assessment of the principal stress directions, and obtain the assessment results; Step 6: The PC displays the analysis results and transmits the received alarm information to the alarm device; Step 7: The alarm device sends an alarm notification to the monitoring personnel according to the alarm signal. 2. The monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the hollow inclusion stress gauge comprises an epoxy resin tube, and three groups of strain gauges for measuring stress are pasted on the outer wall of the epoxy resin tube at intervals of 120 degrees along the circumferential direction, and each group of strain gauges consists of 4 strain gauges in different directions; the outer side of the strain gauge is coated with an epoxy resin layer, so that the strain gauge is embedded in the outer wall of the epoxy resin tube; the inner cavity of the epoxy resin tube is provided with an epoxy resin adhesive for bonding to the inner wall of the hole. 3. The monitoring method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the four strain gauges are arranged in sequence from top to bottom along the axial direction of the hollow inclusion stress gauge, wherein the strain gauge located in the first position is inclined to the lower right, the strain gauge located in the second position is arranged in the horizontal direction, the strain gauge located in the third position is inclined to the upper right, and the strain gauge located in the last position is arranged in the vertical direction; the angle between the strain gauge located in the first position and the strain gauge located in the second position is 45 degrees, and the angle between the strain gauge located in the second position and the strain gauge located in the third position is 45 degrees. 4. The monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the data acquisition device includes a storage module and a wireless signal transmitting device, the storage module is used to store the strain data transmitted by the monitoring equipment, and the wireless signal transmitting device is used to transmit the strain data to the data processing system. 5. The monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the hole is located at the center of the ground-connected wall in the thickness direction. 6. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that the measurement area in step 1 is selected according to the following three points: (1.1) The stress state of the ground-anchored wall section in the measurement area should be able to reflect the situation of the section, and the selected measurement area should be representative; (1.2) The complex strata around the ground-connected wall section in the measurement area will affect the ground-connected wall stress; (1.3) Other construction projects are ongoing around the ground-anchored wall section in the survey area. 7. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that the construction method of the reserved holes in step 2 comprises the following steps: (2.1) Before pouring concrete into the ground-anchored wall, insert several rigid pipes and seal the lower ends of the rigid pipes before insertion; (2.2) Check whether the rigid pipe is perpendicular to the ground-connected wall trench. If the requirements are met, seal the upper end of the rigid pipe; (2.3) After pouring concrete, use a pipe pulling machine to gradually pull out the embedded rigid pipes. 8. The monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reliability analysis in step 5 comprises the following steps: (5.2.1) Perform relative error analysis on stress data in a single hole; (5.2.2) Evaluate the standard deviation of stress data in porous holes; (5.2.3) Evaluate the data based on geological and depth conditions, strength criteria, statistical laws, and known stress databases; (5.2.4) Combined with groundwater and temperature factors, a comprehensive assessment is conducted to obtain reliability analysis results.