CN112134381B - Built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor for axial flux permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Abstract

An axial flux permanent magnet motor with a built-in magnetic steel compound pole rotor, the rotor includes a rotor disc, a composite ferromagnetic pole, a pole frame, a composite permanent magnet, an outer pressure ring and an inner pressure ring; 1) the built-in magnet of the present invention is used The motor with steel composite pole rotor improves the performance and reliability of the motor. 2) Compared with the traditional surface-mounted axial flux motor rotor, the composite pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention saves 10% to 20% of the permanent magnet consumption. 3) The compound pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention uses multiple standard rectangular permanent magnets to simulate the fan-shaped permanent magnets of traditional axial flux motors, reducing the cost of permanent magnets. 4) The ferromagnetic poles of the present invention can be wound by punching rectangular slots from silicon steel sheets, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and man-hours of the fan-shaped slot rotor, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the motor. 5) The components of the composite pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention have no abnormal shape, less processing amount, simple assembly, low manufacturing cost, and the cost is close to that of the surface-mounted rotor (for axial flux motor) structure, or even lower.

Description

A compound pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel for axial flux permanent magnet motor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of axial flux permanent magnet motors, and in particular relates to a rotor structure and a fixing method of an axial flux permanent magnet motor with built-in magnetic steel.

Background technique

In the axial flux permanent magnet motor, the permanent magnet surface-mounted rotor structure is the most common, and the structure is relatively easy to realize, but there are some problems: 1) Special-shaped permanent magnets (sector-shaped and with assembly spigots, such as the patent [Application No. CN 201920168805.5] and patent [application number CN 201822097957.9], etc.) are expensive; 2) special-shaped rotor core or rotor bracket (such as patent [application number CN 201822097957.9 and patent [application number CN 201710985414.8]], etc.) processing Difficulty; 3) A larger electromagnetic air gap reduces the AC and D-axis inductance of the motor and increases the leakage inductance of the motor, resulting in low magnetic field utilization and poor ability to suppress harmonic currents. The built-in magnetic steel axial flux motor rotor can greatly reduce the electromagnetic air gap of the motor, improve the AC and direct axis inductance of the motor and the ability to suppress current harmonics. However, in axial flux permanent magnet motors, it is difficult to process slots with built-in magnetic poles inside the wound rotor core, let alone fan-shaped slots, so there are few axial flux motors that use built-in magnets Rotor structure.

Cha Xin obtained a patent for an axial flux motor rotor with two embedded magnetic poles. For example, the patent (application number CN201611161975.8) proposed an axial flux motor rotor with embedded magnetic poles. Most of them are electromagnetic structures, but they are not mentioned. Mechanical structure and installation method. The patent (application number CN201810319634.1) mentions the electromagnetic mechanism of a magnet-concentrating axial flux motor rotor, mainly expounding the electromagnetic structure of the rotor. The outer layer of the rotor is made of tangentially magnetized magnet steel. There is an iron core, but there is no mention of engineering facilities.

Therefore, designing a rotor for an axial flux motor with built-in magnetic steel, which is easy to implement in engineering and has a low cost, so as to improve the inductance and field weakening capability of the axial flux permanent magnet motor is an urgent problem for those skilled in the art. The problem.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: The present invention provides a structure with a built-in magnetic steel axial flux motor rotor, which aims to solve the existing problems in the past, which can reduce the cost of axial flux permanent magnet motors and increase the The inductance of the motor, improving the field weakening ability of the motor and improving the running performance of the motor.

Technical solution: the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A compound pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel for an axial flux permanent magnet motor, characterized in that: the rotor includes a rotor disc (1), a composite ferromagnetic pole (2), a magnetic pole frame (3), a composite permanent magnet (4), Outer pressure ring (5) and inner pressure ring (6);

The composite ferromagnetic pole (2) is spliced by a variety of ferromagnetic pole sub-units, the magnetic pole frame (3) penetrates into the "T" slot (204) of the composite ferromagnetic pole (2), and the composite permanent magnet (4) It is also composed of multiple subunits, and the number of subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) and the composite permanent magnet (4) is the same; the composite permanent magnet (4) is built into the permanent magnet between adjacent composite ferromagnetic poles (2). In the magnet slot (8), the permanent magnet slot (8) is a stepped slot composed of multiple rectangular slots with different widths but equal heights; the composite permanent magnet (4) is adapted to the shape of the permanent magnet slot (8). Structure.

The magnetic pole frame (3) includes a frame body (301) and frame claws (302). The frame claws (302) are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the annular frame body (301), and the length direction of the frame claws (302) is aligned with the ring frame body (301) have the same radial direction, and the number of frame claws (302) is consistent with the number of poles of the designed motor, and is also the same as the number of composite ferromagnetic poles (2) and composite permanent magnets (4); the pole frame (3 ) is punched from two pieces of non-magnetic stainless steel plates into a magnetic pole upper frame (304) and a magnetic pole lower frame (305), and then connected as a whole; the magnetic pole upper frame (304) is arranged on the magnetic pole lower frame (305) to form a "T" shape The groove (204) is adapted to the "T" shape structure.

The thickness of the magnetic pole frame (3) is less than or equal to 5mm, the sum of the thicknesses of the magnetic pole upper frame (304) and the magnetic pole lower frame (305) is less than or equal to 5mm, and their respective thicknesses are selected according to design requirements.

The composite ferromagnetic pole (2) is composed of ferromagnetic pole A (201), ferromagnetic pole B (202) and ferromagnetic pole C (203) subunits. The inner and outer diameters of the three types of subunits are different. There is a "T" slot (204), the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) has a pole shoulder (205) extending to the permanent magnet slot (8) on the top of the axial side, and the "T" slot (204) is used to accommodate the pole frame ( 3) The frame claw (302) structure, the pole shoulder (205) is a structure that contains the composite permanent magnet (4) in the permanent magnet slot (8) in the upper axial direction;

The side walls of ferromagnetic pole A (201), ferromagnetic pole B (202) and ferromagnetic pole C (203) form a stepped structure adapted to the side wall of the composite permanent magnet (4), and ferromagnetic pole A (201), ferromagnetic pole B ( 202 ) and the top of ferromagnetic pole C ( 203 ) are spliced together to form a fan-shaped structure.

The composite permanent magnet (4) is composed of rectangular permanent magnet A (401), rectangular permanent magnet B (402) and rectangular permanent magnet C (403) subunits, the height of the permanent magnet subunits is the same, and the permanent magnet subunits The width decreases successively from outside to inside, so that permanent magnet A (401), permanent magnet B (402) and permanent magnet C (403) are combined to form a stepped quasi-sector composite permanent magnet.

The outer pressure ring (5) is provided with a claw groove (501). The claw groove (501) is a structure that can just accommodate and press the end of the frame claw (302). The outer pressure ring (5) is a non-conductive Magnetic lightweight material.

Ferromagnetic pole A (201), ferromagnetic pole B (202) and ferromagnetic pole C (203) are all wound cores (2010) formed by punching and winding non-oriented silicon steel sheets and prepared by the following method: roll There are closed slots (20101) and "T" slots (204) on the winding core (2010), and the closed slots (20101) have pole gluten (20102) and pole bottom ribs (20103) near the upper and lower bottom surfaces; the winding core ( 2010) Silicon steel sheets are coated with adhesive; after removing part of the pole gluten (20102) and all pole bottom ribs (20103) from winding iron cores (2010) with different diameters, ferromagnetic pole A (201) and ferromagnetic pole B are obtained respectively (202) and ferromagnetic pole C (203).

The magnetic force lines (F) emitted through the adjacent composite permanent magnets (4) penetrate into the composite ferromagnetic poles (2), and finally the magnetic force lines pass out along the surface of the adjacent composite ferromagnetic poles (2), forming alternately distributed N and S poles.

The rotor disc (1), the pole frame (3), the outer pressure ring (5) and the inner pressure ring (6) are all made of non-magnetic plates.

Advantages and effects:

Concrete advantage of the present invention is as follows:

1) Using the motor with a built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor of the present invention, compared with the traditional surface-mounted magnetic steel axial flux motor, the AC and direct axis inductance is increased by about 1.5 times, and part of the high-order current output by the converter is absorbed Harmonics, improve motor performance and reliability.

2) Compared with the traditional surface-mounted axial flux motor rotor, the composite pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention saves 10% to 20% of the permanent magnet consumption.

3) The compound pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention uses multiple standard rectangular permanent magnets to simulate the fan-shaped permanent magnets of traditional axial flux motors, reducing the cost of permanent magnets.

4) The ferromagnetic poles of the present invention can be wound by punching rectangular slots from silicon steel sheets, which greatly reduces the processing difficulty and man-hours of the fan-shaped slot rotor, and reduces the manufacturing cost of the motor.

5) The components of the composite pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention have no abnormal shape, less processing amount, simple assembly, low manufacturing cost, and the cost is close to that of the surface-mounted rotor (for axial flux motor) structure, or even lower.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the composite pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention;

Figure 2 is an exploded view of the composite pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a turntable figure of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is composite ferromagnetic pole figure of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a magnetic pole frame diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is composite permanent magnet figure of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the external pressure ring figure of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a winding core diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the ferromagnetic pole diagram after removing part of the pole gluten and all pole bottom ribs of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is an assembly drawing of the magnetic pole frame, the composite ferromagnetic pole and the composite permanent magnet of the present invention;

Explanation of reference signs:

1. Rotor disc; 2. Composite ferromagnetic pole; 3. Magnetic pole frame; 4. Composite permanent magnet; 5. Outer pressure ring; 6. Inner pressure ring; 7. Fixing nail; 8. Permanent magnet slot; ; 201. Ferromagnetic pole A; 202. Ferromagnetic pole B; 203. Ferromagnetic pole C; 204. "T" groove; 205. Pole shoulder; 301. Frame body; 302. Frame claw; 303. Frame fixing hole; 304. Magnetic pole on shelf; 305. Magnetic pole off shelf; 401. Permanent magnet A; 402. Permanent magnet B; 403. Permanent magnet C; Groove; 20102. Extreme gluten; 20103. Extreme bottom gluten.

Arrow A in the figure indicates the direction of magnetization; arrow B indicates the axial direction; arrow C indicates the radial direction; E indicates the side of the rectangular slot; F indicates the lines of magnetic force.

The specific embodiment: the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

A compound pole rotor with built-in magnetic steel for an axial flux permanent magnet motor, the rotor includes a rotor disc 1, a compound ferromagnetic pole 2, a pole frame 3, a compound permanent magnet 4, an outer pressure ring 5 and an inner pressure ring 6;

The composite ferromagnetic pole 2 is spliced by a variety of ferromagnetic pole subunits, the magnetic pole frame 3 penetrates into the "T" slot 204 of the composite ferromagnetic pole 2, and the composite permanent magnet 4 is also spliced by multiple subunits. The number of subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 and the composite permanent magnet 4 is the same; the composite permanent magnet 4 is built into the permanent magnet slot 8 between the adjacent composite ferromagnetic poles 2, and the permanent magnet slot 8 is composed of a plurality of different widths but high Equal rectangular slots form stepped slots; the composite permanent magnet 4 is a structure adapted to the shape of the permanent magnet slot 8 .

The magnetic pole frame 3 includes a frame body 301 and a frame claw 302, and the frame claw 302 is evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the annular frame body 301, and the length direction of the frame claw 302 is consistent with the radial direction of the annular frame body 30), and the frame claw 302 The number is consistent with the number of poles of the designed motor, and is also the same as the number of composite ferromagnetic poles 2 and composite permanent magnets 4; the magnetic pole frame 3 is punched out by two non-magnetic stainless steel plates into a magnetic pole upper frame 304 and a magnetic pole lower frame 305, Then connect as a whole; the magnetic pole upper frame 304 is arranged on the magnetic pole lower frame 305 to form a "T"-shaped structure compatible with the "T"-shaped groove 204.

The thickness of the magnetic pole frame 3 is less than or equal to 5mm, and the sum of the thicknesses of the magnetic pole upper frame 304 and the magnetic pole lower frame 305 is less than or equal to 5mm, and their respective thicknesses are selected according to design requirements.

Composite ferromagnetic pole 2 is composed of ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 subunits. The inner and outer diameters of the three types of subunits are different. The top of the axial side of the ferromagnetic pole 2 has a pole shoulder 205 extending toward the permanent magnet slot 8, the "T" slot 204 is a structure for accommodating the frame claw 302 of the magnetic pole frame 3, and the pole shoulder 205 is for containing the permanent magnet slot in the axial upper limit The structure of the composite permanent magnet 4 in 8;

The side walls of ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 form a stepped structure adapted to the side walls of the composite permanent magnet 4, between the tops of ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 After splicing together, they form a fan-shaped structure.

Composite permanent magnet 4 is composed of rectangular permanent magnet A 401 , rectangular permanent magnet B 402 and rectangular permanent magnet C403 subunits. Magnet A 401 , permanent magnet B 402 and permanent magnet C 403 are combined to form a stepped quasi-sector composite permanent magnet.

The outer pressure ring 5 is provided with a pressure claw groove 501, and the pressure claw groove 501 is a structure that can just accommodate and press the end of the frame claw 302, and the outer pressure ring 5 is made of non-magnetic light-weight material.

Ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 are all wound cores 2010 made of non-oriented silicon steel sheet punched and wound by the following method: wound core 2010 has a closed slot 20101 and "T"-shaped slot 204, closed slot 20101 has pole gluten 20102 and pole bottom rib 20103 near the upper and lower bottom surfaces; coiled iron core 2010 is coated with adhesive between silicon steel sheets; coiled iron core 2010 with different diameters removes part of pole Gluten 20102 , after removing all the bottom gluten 20103 , obtain ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 .

The magnetic field lines (F) emitted through the adjacent composite permanent magnet 4 penetrate into the composite ferromagnetic pole 2, and finally the magnetic field lines pass out along the surface of the adjacent composite ferromagnetic pole 2, forming alternately distributed N and S poles.

The rotor disc 1 , the pole frame 3 , the outer pressure ring 5 and the inner pressure ring 6 are all made of non-magnetic plates.

Below, the present invention is described in further detail in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, an axial flux permanent magnet motor with a built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor includes a rotor disc 1, a composite ferromagnetic pole 2, a pole frame 3, a composite permanent magnet 4, and an outer pressure ring 5. The internal pressure ring 6 and the fixing nail 7 are composed;

As shown in Figure 4, the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 is spliced by a variety of ferromagnetic pole subunits (there are three kinds in the embodiment of this application), and the magnetic pole frame 3 penetrates into the "T" groove of the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) 204; as shown in Figure 6, the composite permanent magnet 4 is also spliced by a combination of multiple subunits, and the number of subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 and the composite permanent magnet 4 is the same; the composite permanent magnet 4 is built into the adjacent composite iron Among the permanent magnet slots 8 between the magnetic poles 2, the permanent magnet slots 8 have a plurality of widths (the width is the distance in the magnetization direction of the composite permanent magnet 4 as shown in Figure 6, that is, the distance in the A direction) and the height (the height is the distance in the direction A shown in Figure 6). Composite permanent magnet 4 shown in 6 (the axial direction (that is, the distance in B direction)) equal rectangular slots (the number of rectangular slots is the same as the number of subunits of composite permanent magnet 4, the side of the rectangular slot is as shown in Figure 4 The direction indicated by the arrow E) forms a stepped sector-like slot; the composite permanent magnet 4 is a structure adapted to the shape of the permanent magnet slot 8; the number of subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 and the composite permanent magnet 4 is not limited to three , can be all natural numbers;

The fixing nail 7 fastens the rotor disk 1, the magnetic pole frame 3, the outer pressure ring 5 and the inner pressure ring 6 into one;

Each type of ferromagnetic pole in composite ferromagnetic pole 2 in Fig. 4 is formed by punching and coiling silicon steel sheet and strip by the iron core automatic punching and rolling equipment. After the same kind of ferromagnetic pole is evenly distributed along the circumference, the groove for holding the permanent magnet is formed as follows: The rectangular shape avoids the drawbacks of using sector-shaped permanent magnet slots 8 and sector-shaped permanent magnets, simplifies the manufacturing process of ferromagnetic poles, and reduces the cost of permanent magnets and ferromagnetic poles.

The magnetic pole frame 3 includes a frame body 301 and a frame claw 302, and the frame claw 302 is evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the annular frame body 301, and the length direction of the frame claw 302 is consistent with the radial direction of the annular frame body 301 (that is, as shown in Figure 5 As shown, the frame body 301 and frame claws 302 are in the radial shape of a wheel hub), the number of frame claws 302 is consistent with the number of poles of the designed motor, and is also the same as the number of composite ferromagnetic poles 2 and composite permanent magnets 4; the pole frame 3. Punch out two pieces of non-magnetic stainless steel plates into magnetic pole upper frame 304 and magnetic pole lower frame 305, and then connect them (welded by multi-point welding machine) into one, which reduces the manufacturing cost of magnetic pole frame 3; magnetic pole upper frame 304 is set on the magnetic pole lower frame 305 to form a "T"-shaped structure compatible with the "T"-shaped groove 204 (that is to say, the upper magnetic pole frame 304 is wider than the magnetic pole lower frame 305 (in the radial direction), and the "T"-shaped structure can just extend into the "T" The structure in the groove 204 is shown in Figure 5).

The thickness (axial direction) of the magnetic pole frame 3 is less than or equal to 5mm, and the upper magnetic pole frame 304 and the lower magnetic pole frame 305 are connected (by multi-point welding) into one body. Multi-spot welding requires that the welded thickness cannot be greater than 5mm; secondly, the thickness of 5mm basically meets the strength requirements; the thickness ratio of the upper magnetic pole frame 304 and the magnetic pole lower frame 305 is determined according to the design requirements; the rotor disk 1 is a ring body, and the inner, middle, and There is a disk fixing hole 101 at the outer diameter, and the material is light non-magnetic metal.

Composite ferromagnetic pole 2 is composed of ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 subunits. The inner and outer diameters of the three types of subunits are different, and the bottom of the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) has a "T" groove 204 , the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 has a pole shoulder 205 extending toward the permanent magnet slot 8 on the top of the axial side. The structure of the composite permanent magnet 4 in the magnet slot 8;

The side walls of ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 (the position pointed by arrow E in Fig. 4 ) form a ladder-like structure adapted to the side wall of the composite permanent magnet 4, and ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole The tops of B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C203 are spliced together to form a fan-shaped structure (that is, the pole shoulders 205 of ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C203 are on the same oblique line, unlike the side walls that form a stepped structure) .

Composite permanent magnet 4 consists of rectangular (also called quadrangular prism or cuboid) permanent magnet A 401 , rectangular permanent magnet B402 and rectangular permanent magnet C 403 subunits, and the heights of the permanent magnet subunits (along the axial direction B) are the same , is equal to the axial height of the permanent magnet slot 8, and the width of the permanent magnet subunit (along the magnetization direction A) decreases successively from the outside to the inside (that is, as shown in Figure 6, the width of the permanent magnet A 401 is greater than the width of the permanent magnet B 402 , the width of permanent magnet B 402 is greater than that of permanent magnet C 403 ), so that permanent magnet A 401 , permanent magnet B 402 and permanent magnet C 403 are combined to form a stepped quasi-sector composite permanent magnet (that is, just accommodated in The structure of the permanent magnet slot 8, as shown in Figure 6), reduces the cost of the permanent magnet.

The outer pressure ring 5 is provided with a pressure claw groove 501 and an outer ring locking hole 502. The pressure claw groove 501 is a structure that can just accommodate and press the end of the frame claw 302 (the outer pressure ring 5 when assembled together) The round surface is flush with the outer end surface of the frame claw 302, which means that the frame claw 302 will not protrude from the outer pressure ring 5), and the outer pressure ring 5 is a non-magnetic light-weight material.

Ferromagnetic pole A 201 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 are all wound cores 2010 made of non-oriented silicon steel sheet punched and wound by the following method: wound core 2010 has a closed slot 20101 and "T"-shaped slot 204, closed slot 20101 has pole gluten 20102 and pole bottom rib 20103 near the upper and lower bottom surfaces; coiled iron core 2010 is coated with adhesive between silicon steel sheets; coiled iron core 2010 with different diameters removes part of pole Gluten 20102 (the remaining pole gluten 20102 constitutes the pole shoulder 205), after removing all the pole bottom ribs 20103, respectively obtain ferromagnetic pole A 201, ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 (that is to say, ferromagnetic pole A 201, ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole C 203 are both made by the above method, and then combined into the state shown in Figure 4).

The assembly process is as follows: firstly put on the ferromagnetic pole C 203 , ferromagnetic pole B 202 and ferromagnetic pole A 201 on each frame claw 302 in sequence; then, put the non-"T" groove side surface on the precision platform and flatten it ;Secondly, three rectangular permanent magnets C 403 , permanent magnets B 402 and permanent magnets A 401 are installed in the permanent magnet slot 8 from the inner diameter to the radial direction, and the magnetization direction is forward (or reverse) to the ferromagnetic pole. side wall; then, fasten the rotor disk 1, turn over the assembled rotor (the rotor disk is on the bottom); finally, press the outer pressure ring 5 and the inner pressure ring 6, and fix it with the fixing nail 7.

The number of subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 and the composite permanent magnet 4 is not limited to three, and can be all natural numbers, and the number of subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 and the composite permanent magnet 4 is the same.

The magnetic flux (F) emitted by the adjacent composite permanent magnet 4 penetrates (or passes through) the side wall of the composite ferromagnetic pole 2 along the magnetization direction (A), and finally the magnetic flux (F) passes along the axial surface of the adjacent composite ferromagnetic pole 2 Passing out (or penetrating) to form alternately distributed N and S poles. Compared with the traditional disc motors of the same type, the AC and D axis inductances of the single stator and double rotor disc motors composed of this rotor are lower than those of AC and DC. The shaft inductance value is increased by about 1.3~1.8 times (both values are increased).

The disk motor with this rotor structure saves 10% to 20% of the permanent magnet consumption compared with the traditional surface-mounted rotor structure disk motor; the rotor disk 1, the pole frame 3, the outer pressure ring 5 and the inner pressure ring 6 Made of magnetically conductive plates, each part has a simple shape, less processing, simple assembly, and low manufacturing cost.

Claims (7)

1. A built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor for an axial flux permanent magnet motor is characterized by comprising a rotor disc (1), a composite ferromagnetic pole (2), a magnetic pole frame (3), a composite permanent magnet (4), an outer pressure ring (5) and an inner pressure ring (6);

the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) is formed by splicing a plurality of ferromagnetic pole subunits, the magnetic pole frame (3) penetrates into a T-shaped groove (204) of the composite ferromagnetic pole (2), the composite permanent magnet (4) is formed by splicing a plurality of subunits in a combined manner, the widths of the subunits of the composite permanent magnet (4) are sequentially decreased from outside to inside, and the subunits forming the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) and the composite permanent magnet (4) are the same in number; the composite permanent magnet (4) is arranged in a permanent magnet groove (8) between adjacent composite ferromagnetic poles (2), and the permanent magnet groove (8) is a stepped groove formed by a plurality of rectangular grooves with different widths and equal heights; the composite permanent magnet (4) is of a structure which is adaptive to the shape of the permanent magnet groove (8);

the composite permanent magnet (4) consists of sub-units of a permanent magnet A (401), a permanent magnet B (402) and a permanent magnet C (403), and the height of the sub-units of the permanent magnets is the same, so that the permanent magnet A (401), the permanent magnet B (402) and the permanent magnet C (403) are combined together to form a stepped quasi-fan-shaped composite permanent magnet;

magnetic force lines (F) emitted by passing through the adjacent composite permanent magnets (4) penetrate into the composite ferromagnetic poles (2), and finally penetrate out along the surfaces of the adjacent composite ferromagnetic poles (2) to form N poles and S poles which are alternately distributed.

2. The built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor for the axial flux permanent magnet motor is characterized in that a magnetic pole frame (3) comprises a frame body (301) and frame claws (302), the frame claws (302) are uniformly arranged along the outer circumference of the annular frame body (301), the length direction of the frame claws (302) is consistent with the radial direction of the annular frame body (301), the number of the frame claws (302) is consistent with the number of poles of the designed motor and is also consistent with the number of composite ferromagnetic poles (2) and composite permanent magnets (4); the magnetic pole frame (3) is formed by punching two pieces of non-magnetic stainless steel plates into a magnetic pole upper frame (304) and a magnetic pole lower frame (305) which are connected into a whole; the upper magnetic pole frame (304) is arranged on the lower magnetic pole frame (305) to form a T-shaped structure matched with the T-shaped groove (204).

3. The inner magnetic steel composite pole rotor for the axial flux permanent magnet motor is characterized in that the thickness of the magnetic pole frame (3) is less than or equal to 5mm, and the sum of the thicknesses of the magnetic pole upper frame (304) and the magnetic pole lower frame (305) is less than or equal to 5mm.

4. The rotor with the built-in magnetic steel composite poles for the axial flux permanent magnet motor is characterized in that the composite ferromagnetic pole (2) consists of subunits of a ferromagnetic pole A (201), a ferromagnetic pole B (202) and a ferromagnetic pole C (203), the inner diameters and the outer diameters of the subunits are different, a T-shaped groove (204) is formed in the bottom of the axial side of the composite ferromagnetic pole (2), a pole shoulder (205) extending towards a permanent magnet groove (8) is formed in the top of the axial side of the composite ferromagnetic pole (2), the T-shaped groove (204) is of a structure for accommodating a frame claw (302) of a magnetic pole frame (3), and the pole shoulder (205) is of a structure for accommodating the composite permanent magnet (4) in the permanent magnet groove (8) in the axial direction;

the side walls of the ferromagnetic pole A (201), the ferromagnetic pole B (202) and the ferromagnetic pole C (203) form a stepped structure which is matched with the side wall of the composite permanent magnet (4), and the tops of the ferromagnetic pole A (201), the ferromagnetic pole B (202) and the ferromagnetic pole C (203) are spliced together to form a fan-shaped structure.

5. The built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor for the axial flux permanent magnet motor is characterized in that a claw pressing groove (501) is formed in the outer ring (5), the claw pressing groove (501) is of a structure capable of just accommodating and pressing the end portion of the frame claw (302), and the outer ring (5) is made of a non-magnetic-conductive light material.

6. The interior magnetic steel composite pole rotor for the axial flux permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, wherein the ferromagnetic pole A (201), the ferromagnetic pole B (202) and the ferromagnetic pole C (203) are all structures which are wound iron cores (2010) formed by winding non-oriented silicon steel sheet slots and are prepared by the following method: a closing groove (20101) and a T-shaped groove (204) are formed in the wound iron core (2010), and a polar surface rib (20102) and a polar bottom rib (20103) are arranged on the closing groove (20101) close to the upper bottom surface and the lower bottom surface; adhesive is coated between silicon steel sheets of the wound iron core (2010); removing partial pole gluten (20102) from wound cores (2010) with different diameters, and removing all pole bottom gluten (20103) to obtain a ferromagnetic pole A (201), a ferromagnetic pole B (202) and a ferromagnetic pole C (203).

7. The built-in magnetic steel composite pole rotor for the axial flux permanent magnet motor is characterized in that the rotor disc (1), the magnetic pole frame (3), the outer pressure ring (5) and the inner pressure ring (6) are all made of non-magnetic conductive plates.

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