CN112151920A - A solid-state lithium-air battery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a solid-state lithium-air battery, comprising a lithium negative electrode, an electrolyte, an air positive electrode and an encapsulation shell with an opening and closing function. The accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrolyte, the air positive electrode is connected with the diaphragm, the diaphragm is a porous membrane, the electrolyte at least includes a polymerized monomer and a lithium salt, and the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.2-7mol/L; In situ curing can form a polymer or protective layer on the surface of the lithium negative electrode. This protective layer can not only inhibit lithium dendrites, realize the uniform deposition of lithium ions on the negative electrode, but also play the role of a gas protective layer to isolate oxygen, water, carbon dioxide and other gases Direct reaction with the lithium negative electrode; in addition, after the electrolyte is polymerized in situ to form a polymer, it can solve the problem of electrolyte volatilization in the liquid system of traditional lithium-air batteries, thereby prolonging the service life of lithium-air batteries and making the use of lithium-air batteries safer. promote.

Description

A solid-state lithium-air battery

【Technical field】

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-air secondary batteries, and in particular relates to a solid-state lithium-air battery.

【Background technique】

Lithium-air battery has a theoretical energy density 10 times higher than that of traditional lithium-ion battery, which is the ultimate goal of lithium battery development. Lithium-air batteries usually use metal lithium or lithium-containing materials as the negative electrode, oxygen or air as the positive electrode, and non-aqueous organic electrolytes, aqueous electrolytes, polymer electrolytes and solid electrolytes as the working electrolyte. The electrolyte and positive and negative electrodes can also be mobile phases. The most widely studied is the non-aqueous organic electrolyte lithium-air battery, its theoretical energy density can reach 3500Wh/kg, much higher than any existing lithium-ion battery system, even if only 1/4 of its theoretical energy density is used, it is quite impressive. The lithium-air battery uses oxygen or air as the working gas, which is environmentally friendly and has extremely high research value.

However, most of the rechargeable secondary lithium-air batteries have only been researched on button batteries in the laboratory so far, and the research and development and preparation of soft packs to Ah level are less. This is because although the lithium-air battery looks very ideal in theory, there are many problems. For example, the lithium-air battery uses metal lithium as the negative electrode, and the dendrite problem and volume expansion of the traditional metal lithium negative electrode are the same in the lithium-air battery. In addition, as an open/semi-open system, the lithium-air battery also needs to solve the stability of metal lithium under the working gas; for the open window on the positive side, the electrolyte will gradually volatilize and dissipate with the cycle, and the battery gradually In addition, the performance of lithium-air batteries needs to be improved in many aspects such as cycle life, power density, and energy efficiency.

The solid electrolyte has high ionic conductivity at room temperature, does not have the problem of volatilization of the electrolyte, and has high mechanical strength, which can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites, which is a better solution to the practical application of lithium-air batteries. Methods. However, the lithium-air battery cathode is a three-phase interface composed of gas channels, lithium ion channels and electronic channels. The design of the cathode of the lithium-air battery system with inorganic ceramics as the electrolyte is too complicated, and it is difficult to construct a three-phase interface; The use will greatly reduce the energy density of lithium-air batteries, and the advantages of lithium-air cannot be exerted.

[Content of the invention]

In view of the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts an electrolyte that can be polymerized in-situ to polymerize on the surface of the lithium negative electrode to form a solid/semi-solid polymer electrolyte, which can inhibit the growth of lithium dendrites in the negative electrode, and solve the problem of easy electrolyte solution. The problem of volatilization improves the safety and cycle life of the lithium-air battery, in order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A solid-state lithium-air battery, comprising a lithium negative electrode, an electrolyte, an air positive electrode and an encapsulation shell with an opening and closing function, the electrolyte includes a separator and an electrolyte with a curing function, and the lithium anode, the separator, the air electrode and the encapsulation shell are composed of an accommodating chamber for accommodating the electrolyte, the air positive electrode is connected to the diaphragm and is arranged on the side of the diaphragm away from the lithium negative electrode, the diaphragm is a porous membrane, and the electrolyte at least includes a polymer monomer and lithium Salt, the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.2-7 mol/L.

Further, the polymerized monomer is an olefin containing at least one oxygen atom or a cyclic olefin containing at least one oxygen atom.

Further, the electrolyte further includes an organic solvent, and the volume of the organic solvent accounts for 10-90% of the total volume of the electrolyte; the volume of the polymerized monomer accounts for 10-90% of the total volume of the electrolyte .

Further, the diaphragm is polyethylene film, polypropylene film, polyvinyl chloride film, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene film, polyimide film, polycarbonate film, polyethylene terephthalate A film, polybutylene terephthalate film, polyether acetone film, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide film, and cellulose film are laminated and combined.

Further, the lithium salt is lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate)imide, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, lithium bisoxalate borate, lithium difluorooxalate borate, Any one or a mixture of two or more of lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium bromide, lithium iodide, lithium difluorophosphate, and lithium nitrate.

Further, the organic solvent includes ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, ethylene carbonate, carbonic acid Any one or a mixture of two or more of dimethyl ester, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and ionic liquid.

Further, the lithium negative electrode is metal lithium, lithium alloy or a composite containing metal lithium.

Further, the air cathode includes a porous conductive material, a catalyst, a binder and a conductive current collector that allows gas to pass through.

Further, the working gas of the solid-state lithium-air battery includes one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, or a mixed gas containing oxygen or a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide or a mixed gas containing sulfur dioxide.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

In the present invention, through the in-situ polymerization of the electrolyte, on the one hand, a polymer or gel protective layer can be formed on the surface of the lithium negative electrode. The protective layer can not only inhibit lithium dendrites, realize the uniform deposition of lithium ions on the negative electrode, but also play The role of the gas protective layer is to isolate the direct reaction of oxygen, water, carbon dioxide and other gases with the metal lithium negative electrode; on the other hand, after the electrolyte is in-situ polymerized to form a polymer, it can solve the problem of electrolyte volatilization in the liquid system of traditional lithium-air batteries, thereby The service life of the lithium-air battery is prolonged, thereby improving the safety of the lithium-air battery and improving the cycle life of the lithium-air battery.

【Description of drawings】

Figure 1 shows the charge-discharge curves in the 1st week and the 31st week when the lithium-air battery with the electrolyte of the control group is limited to 1000mAh/g;

Fig. 2 is the charge-discharge curve of the first week and the 100th week of using the electrolyte lithium-air battery of Example 1 under the state of limited capacity of 1000mAh/g;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium-air battery prepared in Example 1. FIG.

【Detailed ways】

The present invention aims to provide a solid-state lithium-air battery, comprising a lithium negative electrode, an electrolyte, an air positive electrode and an encapsulation shell with an opening and closing function, the electrolyte includes a separator and an electrolyte with a curing function, the lithium negative electrode, the separator, the air The positive electrode and the packaging shell form a first accommodating cavity for accommodating the electrolyte, the air positive electrode is connected to the diaphragm and is arranged on the side of the diaphragm away from the lithium negative electrode, the diaphragm is a porous membrane, and the electrolyte At least include a polymerized monomer and a lithium salt, and the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.2-7mol/L; more preferably, the concentration of the lithium salt in the electrolyte is 0.8-6.0mol/L; further, the The polymerized monomer is an olefin containing at least one oxygen atom or a cyclic olefin containing at least one oxygen atom, including but not limited to 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, trioxymethylene, oxygen One or more of tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran or 1,3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene oxide, oxetane and tetrahydrofuran substituted by groups A mixture of ; wherein, the group is selected from one of alkyl, cycloalkyl, carboxyl, hydroxyl, aryl, amino, halogen, acyl, aldehyde, alkoxy, and ester groups.

In addition to the polymerized monomer and the lithium salt, the electrolyte may also include an organic solvent, and the organic solvent is preferably selected from ethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DME), triethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G3), tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether Ether (G4), Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO), Dimethyl Formamide (DMF), Acetonitrile (ACN), Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC), Diethyl Carbonate (DEC) , one of ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), propylene carbonate (PC), vinylene carbonate (VC), ethylene ethylene carbonate (VEC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), ionic liquid or A mixture of two or more kinds; in the electrolyte containing organic solvent, the volume of the polymerized monomer accounts for 10-90% of the total volume of the electrolyte, preferably 30-80%; the volume of the organic solvent accounts for 10-90% of the total volume of the electrolyte %, preferably 20-70%.

In the above technical scheme, the diaphragm is a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene film, a polyimide film, a polycarbonate film, and a polyethylene terephthalate film. Film, polybutylene terephthalate film, polyether acetone film, polymetaphenylene isophthalamide film, cellulose film, one or two or more laminated combinations; preferably, the thickness of the diaphragm 0.1-50μm.

In the above technical solution, the lithium salt is lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF ₃ SO ₃ ), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate)imide (LiTFSI), lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) , Lithium Bisoxalate Borate (LiBOB), Lithium Difluorooxalate Borate (LiDFOB), Lithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ), Lithium Tetrafluoroborate (LiBF ₄ ), Lithium Perchlorate (LiClO ₄ ), Lithium Bromide (LiBr), Lithium Iodide One or a mixture of two or more of (LiI), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO ₂ F ₂ ), and lithium nitrate (LiNO ₃ ); preferably, the lithium salt is selected from lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF ₆ ), bis( Lithium fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), lithium difluorooxalate borate (LiDFOB), any one or a mixture of two or more; wherein, LiCF ₃ SO ₃ and LiDFOB mixture, LiTFSI and LiDFOB mixture, LiTFSI and LiFSI mixture One of LiTFSI and LiBF ₄ mixture, LiTFSI and LiPF ₆ mixture, LiCF ₃ SO ₃ and LiFSI mixture is a more preferred lithium salt, wherein the molar concentration of LiCF ₃ SO ₃ and LiTFSI is 0.5-3.0mol/L , the molar concentration of LiDFOB and LiFSI is 0.5-6mol/L.

In the above technical solution, the lithium negative electrode is metal lithium, lithium alloy or a composite containing metal lithium; wherein, the lithium content in the lithium alloy is not less than 30%, and the lithium alloy also includes aluminum, magnesium, boron, silicon, tin, calcium. , any one or two or more of gallium and germanium; the metal lithium-containing composite includes the physical mixture formed by metal lithium and carbon, silicon, aluminum, copper, and tin, as well as copper nitride, lithium copper nitrogen, lithium iron nitrogen, A complex formed by lithium manganese nitrogen, lithium cobalt nitrogen, and Li ₇ MP ₃ (M=Ti, V, Mn), wherein the content of metal lithium is not less than 30%.

The air cathode is used to adsorb the working gas and provide electron transport, and it includes a porous conductive material, a catalyst, a binder and a conductive current collector that allows the gas to pass through. Preferably, the porous conductive material includes carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, porous carbon, Any one or a mixture of two or more of acetylene black, graphite, graphene, graphene oxide, and nitrogen-doped carbon; catalysts include transition metal oxides, transition metal nitrides, ruthenium (Ru), platinum (Pt), Any one or a mixture of two or more of palladium (Pd) and gold (Au), wherein the transition metal oxide is preferably manganese oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide, nickel oxide, cobalt oxide, ruthenium oxide, iridium oxide , molybdenum oxide and cerium oxide; the transition metal nitrides are preferably manganese nitride, iron nitride, nickel nitride, titanium nitride and cobalt nitride, in addition, the catalyst can also be Li _x M _a O _z , wherein M is Ti, Cu, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Ag, Zr, Nb, Mo or W, x=0～4, a=0.5～3, z=0.5～5; the binder includes polytetrafluoroethylene One or more mixtures of vinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamideimide, polyimide, sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose; the conductive current collector includes porous aluminum foil, aluminum One or a mixture of two or more of net, stainless steel net, nickel foam, carbon paper, and carbon cloth.

In the above technical solution, the encapsulation shell with the opening and closing function is a two-layer or multi-layer structure, wherein the inner layer is a single-layer air-permeable layer, and the material of the air-permeable layer includes but is not limited to polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride ( PVDF), polyaniline (PAN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene-coated glass fiber (TCFC) or its derivatives, the thickness of the breathable layer is preferably 10- 400 μm; the outer layer is a peelable sealing layer, including one or more of aluminum plastic film, polypropylene film (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. layered structure.

In the above technical scheme, the working gas of the solid-state lithium-air battery is one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, or an oxygen-containing mixed gas (such as air or other oxygen-containing mixed gas) or a carbon dioxide-containing mixed gas or Mixed gas containing sulfur dioxide.

The present invention also provides a method for preparing a solid-state lithium-air battery, comprising the following steps: in an inert atmosphere or a dry atmosphere, arranging a lithium negative electrode, a separator, and an air positive electrode in the inner layer of an encapsulation shell to assemble the battery, wherein the lithium negative electrode, the separator , The air positive electrode and the packaging shell form an accommodation cavity that can accommodate the electrolyte; the air positive electrode is connected to the diaphragm and is located on the side of the diaphragm away from the lithium negative electrode, and the electrolyte is injected into the accommodation cavity to encapsulate the battery, and the battery does not touch the air after packaging; After a period of time, after the electrolyte is polymerized, a solid-state lithium-air battery can be obtained; then open the sealing window or air port on the positive side of the air, connect the working air, and the solid-state lithium-air battery can be charged and discharged in an open environment.

Further, the time required for the polymerization of the electrolyte solution is 1-100h, preferably 3-24h; the reaction temperature during the polymerization is 10-50°C, preferably 15-35°C.

The working temperature of the solid-state lithium-air battery provided by the present invention is 0-150°C, preferably 20-90°C.

It should be noted that the assembly and structure of the lithium-air battery belong to the prior art and will not be described in detail here.

The solid-state lithium-air battery provided by the present invention is based on the in-situ polymerization of the electrolyte, and can form a polymer or gel protective layer on the surface of the lithium negative electrode. The protective layer can suppress lithium dendrites and realize uniform deposition of lithium ions on the negative electrode. It can also play the role of a gas protective layer to isolate the direct reaction of oxygen, water, carbon dioxide and other gases with the metal lithium negative electrode; in addition, after the electrolyte is in-situ polymerized to form a polymer, it can solve the problem of electrolyte volatilization in the liquid system of traditional lithium-air batteries , thereby prolonging the service life of the lithium-air battery, thereby improving the safety of the lithium-air battery, and improving the cycle life of the lithium-air battery.

The preparation process of the solid-state lithium-air battery provided by the invention is simple, and the industrial production is easy.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Example 1

A solid-state lithium-air battery, comprising an air positive electrode, an electrolyte, a lithium negative electrode and an encapsulation shell with an opening and closing function, the preparation method of which is as follows:

S1: Preparation of air cathode: Weigh carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binders at a mass percentage of 95:5, use deionized water as a dispersant, and stir them evenly; The slurry is uniformly sprayed onto the current collector aluminum mesh, and then dried in a 55°C oven; then transferred to a 110°C vacuum oven for 12 hours to completely volatilize the dispersant;

S2: Preparation of electrolyte: the polymerized monomer is 1,3-dioxolane (DOL), which accounts for 50% of the total volume of the electrolyte, and the organic solvent is tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (G4), which accounts for 50% of the total volume of the solution. 50% of the volume, the lithium salts are 1mol/L lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonic acid)imide (LiTFSI) and 3mol/L lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI);

S3: Assembly of the lithium-air battery: the negative electrode 1, the electrolyte 2 (including the separator and the electrolyte), the air positive electrode 3, the package shell (including the gas permeable layer 4 and the peelable package layer 5 and the battery shell 6) are placed in a dry atmosphere or The argon-filled glove box is assembled into a battery, and the battery structure is shown in Figure 3;

S4: inject the electrolyte prepared in S2, wait for the completion of the polymerization, connect the working gas 7, and use oxygen as the working gas to conduct a discharge and charge test on the battery.

(2) Electrochemical performance test of in-situ polymerized rechargeable and dischargeable solid-state lithium-air batteries

The constant-current charge-discharge mode test was carried out using a charge-discharge meter of model CT2001A purchased from Wuhan Landian Electronics Co., Ltd., and the test temperature was 25°C. The test results are shown in Table 1.

Voltage-limiting discharge test: The charge and discharge test is carried out with a current of 100mA/g. The battery is discharged first, and the charge and discharge voltage range is 2.0 to 4.5V, and then the process is repeated.

Capacity-limiting cycle test: first, discharge at a current of 200mA/g for 5 hours, and then charge at a current of 200mA/g for 5 hours (limited capacity is 1000mAh/g), and then repeat these two processes in turn. The voltage curve is shown in Figure 2. It can be seen that the battery provided by this embodiment has two obvious plateaus during the discharge and charging process, the midpoint of the discharge plateau is at 2.7V, the midpoint of the charging plateau is at 4.0V, and the difference between the charge and discharge plateaus is about 1.3V. In the first five weeks of cycling, the voltage difference did not change significantly, and the specific capacity did not decrease significantly, indicating that the battery could work and have excellent cycling performance.

Cycle times = cycle times when discharge termination potential > 2.0V

Comparative ratio

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, the difference is that S2) uses a common electrolyte that cannot be polymerized in situ, and the specific formula is to dissolve LiTFSI with a concentration of 1 mol/L in G4 solvent, and after it is completely dissolved, it can be injected.

The electrochemical performance test of the lithium-air battery prepared in this comparative example is carried out. The test content and method are the same as those in Example 1.

Example 2

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, the difference is that S1) the preparation of the air cathode, the preparation method of Example 2 is: the Ketjen carbon black (KB) and the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) binder are mixed with a mass percentage of 92%. : 8 take by weighing, take N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) as dispersant, stir it evenly to make slurry; then spray the slurry evenly to the current collector carbon paper by spraying, put it in a 55 ℃ oven for drying Dry; then transfer to a 110°C vacuum oven for 12 hours to completely volatilize the dispersant.

Example 3

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the system fraction occupied by the polymerizable monomer in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte is 40%, and the volume fraction occupied by the solvent is 60%.

Example 4

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the polymerizable monomer in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte is 1,4-dioxane.

Example 5

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the polymerizable monomer in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte is tetrahydrofuran.

Example 6

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the polymerizable monomer in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte is trioxymethylene.

Example 7

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the polymerizable monomer in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte is propylene oxide.

Example 8

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the lithium salts in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte are 1 mol/L LiCF3SO3 and 2 mol/L LiFSI.

Example 9

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the lithium salts in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte are 1 mol/L LiCF3SO3 and 3 mol/L LiDFOB.

Example 10

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the lithium salts in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte are 1 mol/L LiTFSI and 3 mol/L LiDFOB.

Example 11

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the lithium salts in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte are 1 mol/L LiTFSI and 1 mol/L LiPF6.

Example 12

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the lithium salts in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte are 1 mol/L LiTFSI and 1 mol/L LiBF4.

Example 13

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S2) the lithium salts in the in-situ polymerizable electrolyte are 1 mol/L LiTFSI, 0.05 mol/L LiI and 2 mol/L LiFSI.

Example 14

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S4) the working gas is air.

Example 15

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S4) the working gas is a mixed gas of oxygen and carbon dioxide, and its volume ratio is 1:2.

Example 16

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, except that S4) the working gas is carbon dioxide.

Example 17

Other conditions are the same as in Example 1, the difference is that S2) the polymerizable electrolyte only contains lithium salt and polymerizable monomer, and does not contain other solvents, and the lithium salt used is 3 mol/L LiFSI.

The electrochemical performance test of Example 2-17 was carried out, and the test content and method were the same as those of Example 1; wherein, the test temperature of the lithium-air battery prepared in Example 2-16 was the same as that of Example 1; Air cells were tested at 60°C.

Table 1 Test results of the electrochemical performance of the lithium-air batteries prepared in the control group and Examples 1-17

From the test results in Table 1, it can be seen that when the control electrolyte is used, the lithium-air battery can only cycle for 30 weeks, and the discharge capacity and charge capacity in the first week are both low, and the metal lithium negative electrode also has dendrite formation. The in-situ polymerizable solid-state lithium-air battery designed in the present invention exhibits very high cycle life and charge-discharge capacity, and no lithium dendrites are formed in the negative electrode. Comparing the charge-discharge curves of the control group in Figure 1 and Example 1 in Figure 2, it can be seen that the cyclic discharge voltage of the control group rapidly decayed to below 2.0V in the 31st week, while the battery of Example 1 was cycled to the 300th week, and the discharge platform remained at 2.5 V. Above V, the entire charge-discharge polarization is about 1.5V, which is roughly the same as the polarization in the first week of the control group; Examples 14 to 16 show that the lithium-air batteries provided by the present invention also have better performance under different working gases and temperatures. performance.

The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred technical solutions, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, some simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a solid-state lithium-air battery, includes lithium negative pole, electrolyte, air positive pole and has the encapsulation shell of switching function, its characterized in that, the electrolyte includes diaphragm and the electrolyte that has the solidification function, lithium negative pole, diaphragm, air positive pole and encapsulation shell constitute and hold the chamber that holds of electrolyte, air positive pole with the diaphragm is connected and is located the diaphragm is kept away from the one side of lithium negative pole, the diaphragm is the porous membrane, electrolyte includes polymerization monomer and lithium salt at least, in the electrolyte the concentration of lithium salt is 0.2-7 mol/L.

2. The solid-state lithium-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the polymerized monomer is an olefin containing at least one oxygen atom or a cyclic olefin containing at least one oxygen atom.

3. The solid-state lithium-air battery according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further comprises an organic solvent, the volume of the organic solvent accounts for 10-90% of the total volume of the electrolyte; the volume of the polymerized monomer accounts for 10-90% of the total volume of the electrolyte.

4. The solid-state lithium air battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the separator is one or a stacked combination of two or more of a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a polyvinyl chloride film, a polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene film, a polyimide film, a polycarbonate film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, a polybutylene terephthalate film, a polyether acetone film, a polymetaphenylene isophthalamide film, and a cellulose film.

5. The solid-state lithium air battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the lithium salt is lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonate) imide, lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide, lithium bis (oxalato) borate, lithium difluorooxalato borate, lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF)₆) Any one or a mixture of more than two of lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium bromide, lithium iodide, lithium difluorophosphate and lithium nitrate.

6. The solid-state lithium air battery according to claim 3, wherein the organic solvent includes one or a mixture of two or more of ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, and an ionic liquid.

7. The solid-state lithium air battery according to claim 1, wherein the lithium negative electrode is metallic lithium, a lithium alloy, or a composite containing metallic lithium.

8. The solid state lithium air battery of claim 1, wherein the air positive electrode comprises a porous conductive material, a catalyst, a binder, and a conductive current collector that allows gas to pass through.

9. The solid-state lithium air battery according to claim 8, wherein the working gas of the solid-state lithium air battery comprises one of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and sulfur dioxide, or a mixed gas containing oxygen, or a mixed gas containing carbon dioxide, or a mixed gas containing sulfur dioxide.

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