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CN112198597A - Optical fiber coupling adjusting method - Google Patents

Optical fiber coupling adjusting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112198597A
CN112198597A CN202011062350.2A CN202011062350A CN112198597A CN 112198597 A CN112198597 A CN 112198597A CN 202011062350 A CN202011062350 A CN 202011062350A CN 112198597 A CN112198597 A CN 112198597A
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China
Prior art keywords
optical fiber
light
coupling
laser
adjusting
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CN202011062350.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112198597B (en
Inventor
陆建东
张航
朱勇刚
卢进松
葛燕妮
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Zhejiang Guangta Safety Technology Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Guangta Safety Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN112198597A publication Critical patent/CN112198597A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4219Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
    • G02B6/422Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements
    • G02B6/4221Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements involving a visual detection of the position of the elements, e.g. by using a microscope or a camera
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4219Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
    • G02B6/422Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements
    • G02B6/4225Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements by a direct measurement of the degree of coupling, e.g. the amount of light power coupled to the fibre or the opto-electronic element
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4296Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

An optical fiber coupling adjusting method belongs to the technical field of optical fiber coupling. The method is applied to an optical fiber coupling device comprising a laser light source, a lens module and an optical fiber, and comprises the following steps: step S01, turning on a laser light source, primarily adjusting the position of the optical fiber, detecting the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber, and determining that the current coupling position is the approximate coupling position when the light becomes bright and dark again from none; step S02, fine-tuning the position of the optical fiber, detecting the change of light and shade of the light spot at the tail end of the optical fiber, and determining the current coupling adjustment direction as the accurate coupling adjustment direction when the light spot changes from dark to light; step S03, adjusting the position of the optical fiber in the accurate coupling adjustment direction; and measuring the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at different optical fiber positions by using a power meter, wherein when the light-emitting power reaches the maximum value, the current coupling position is the optimal coupling position. The invention can quickly and effectively irradiate the laser beam on the end face of the optical fiber at an ideal angle to achieve higher coupling efficiency.

Description

Optical fiber coupling adjusting method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light source coupling, in particular to an optical fiber coupling adjusting method.
Background
High-power fiber coupling technology generally uses a multi-light source array and a spatial beam combining technology to couple multiple light sources into the same optical fiber. Different from a high-power coupling system, the light guide illumination adopts a one-to-one coupling mode (the multimode optical fiber cannot bear too high power due to the diameter of a fiber core), but the light source collimated by the lens has the following problems: 1. the light-emitting area in the slow axis direction is uncertain, the divergence angle is large, and the effect of an extended light source is strong and difficult to couple; 2. due to the packaging error of the collimating lens in the fast axis direction, the divergence angle difference between different light sources is large; 3. the laser has high power, and the shape of a light spot coupled on the end face of the optical fiber seriously influences the service life of the optical fiber. In view of the above, it is highly desirable to design a scheme that can shape and converge light emitted from a light source and project the light onto a light-entering end surface of an optical fiber, so that the light enters the optical fiber at a certain angle.
In the process step of projecting the light of the laser light source to the light inlet end face of the optical fiber, an active optical fiber alignment mode is adopted at present, a power meter is connected to the light outlet end of the optical fiber for monitoring, and the laser light source and the optical fiber are coupled by manually adjusting a six-dimensional optical adjusting table. Because the position of the convergent light spot is not fixed, the end face of the optical fiber only has an effective receiving area with the diameter of 62.5 microns and a numerical aperture of 0.22, and great difficulty exists in finding a coupling point in the process of coupling the laser beam into the optical fiber. At present, no effective tool in the market can directly observe the position of the convergent point so as to adjust the optical fiber for coupling.
The invention patent CN201811476516.8 discloses a coupling device and method for a phase-controlled optical waveguide chip and an input optical fiber, and specifically discloses that the phase-controlled optical waveguide chip has a monitoring waveguide structure, the bottom end face of the monitoring waveguide structure is flush with the transmission optical path input by the input optical fiber to the phase-controlled optical waveguide chip, and the coupling method includes the following steps: sequentially coupling a light source, an input optical fiber, a phase-controlled optical waveguide chip, a vertical coupling optical fiber and an optical power meter, wherein one end of the vertical coupling optical fiber is coupled with one end of a monitoring waveguide structure in the phase-controlled optical waveguide chip, the other end of the vertical coupling optical fiber is coupled with the optical power meter, and the optical power meter is used for monitoring an optical power loss value of transmission optical path loss light input into the vertical coupling optical fiber; and turning on a light source, and adjusting the coupling position between the input optical fiber and the phase control optical waveguide chip according to the reading of the optical power meter until the reading value of the optical power meter is smaller than a preset value. The invention is based on a phased optical waveguide chip with a monitoring waveguide structure and uses optical power meter readings to determine the coupling location between a single mode fiber and the phased optical waveguide chip.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an optical fiber coupling adjusting method, which can quickly and effectively irradiate laser beams on the end face of an optical fiber at an ideal angle to achieve higher coupling efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an optical fiber coupling adjusting method is applied to an optical fiber coupling device comprising a laser light source, a lens module and an optical fiber, and comprises the following steps:
step S01, turning on a laser light source, primarily adjusting the position of the optical fiber, detecting the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber, and determining that the current coupling position is the approximate coupling position when the light becomes bright and dark again from none;
step S02, fine-tuning the position of the optical fiber, detecting the change of light and shade of the light spot at the tail end of the optical fiber, and determining the current coupling adjustment direction as the accurate coupling adjustment direction when the light spot changes from dark to light;
step S03, adjusting the position of the optical fiber in the accurate coupling adjustment direction; and measuring the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at different optical fiber positions by using a power meter, wherein when the light-emitting power reaches the maximum value, the current coupling position is the optimal coupling position.
The invention can determine the accurate coupling adjustment direction at the approximate coupling position by detecting the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber and the light and shade change of the light-emitting facula at the tail end of the optical fiber; and then calculating the light output power of a plurality of optical fiber positions through a power meter, and quickly screwing out the optimal coupling position with high coupling efficiency.
Preferably, in step S01, the change in brightness of the light beam at the distal end of the optical fiber is detected within 150mm from the distal end surface of the optical fiber.
Preferably, step S01 specifically includes: turning on a laser light source, and initially adjusting the position of the optical fiber so that a light path coupled into the optical fiber is coaxial with a laser optical axis; in the process of adjusting the position of the optical fiber, the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber is detected, and when the light changes from no light to bright and then becomes dark, the current coupling position is determined to be the approximate coupling position.
Preferably, the adjustment of the position of the optical fiber in the steps S01, S02, and S03 is performed by a six-dimensional adjusting jig.
Preferably, the optical fiber is a bare fiber having a fiber cladding and a fiber core.
Preferably, the optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber.
Preferably, the lens module includes a diffusion cylindrical lens, a converging cylindrical lens and an aspheric lens which are sequentially disposed between the laser light source and the optical fiber.
Preferably, the diffusion cylindrical lens, the convergence cylindrical lens and the aspheric lens are arranged at the front end of the optical fiber through a lens bracket; the axis of the lens support is parallel to the optical axis direction of the laser.
Preferably, the laser light source is one of a solid laser, a gas laser, a semiconductor laser, and a fiber laser.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
an optical fiber coupling adjusting method comprises the following steps:
1. the problem that the position of a convergent point can be directly observed to adjust the optical fiber for coupling without an effective tool in the prior art is solved;
2. the laser transmitted by using the optical fiber cladding can cause a large amount of leakage, and meanwhile, the laser can be transmitted in a short distance, so that whether the optical fiber is close to a coupling target point or not can be quickly determined;
3. the front 150mm of the initial section of the fiber laser transmission is total reflection transmission, the leaked laser is more, and the fiber laser can be directly observed by naked eyes or detected by a visual instrument, so that whether the approximate position is found or not can be conveniently and rapidly confirmed, and the possibility of rapidly determining the fiber coupling position is provided;
4. in the coupling process, according to the phenomenon of non-luminescence, bright light and dark at the front end of the optical fiber, a judgment basis can be provided for judging whether the optical fiber coupling adjustment is in place or not, and a judgment basis can also be provided for mechanical adjustment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for adjusting optical fiber coupling according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber coupling device.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The invention discloses an optical fiber coupling adjusting method which is applied to an optical fiber coupling device comprising a laser light source, a lens module and an optical fiber. The lens module is arranged between the laser light source and the optical fiber. As shown in fig. 1, the method of the present invention comprises:
step S01, turning on a laser light source, primarily adjusting the position of the optical fiber, detecting the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber, and determining that the current coupling position is the approximate coupling position when the light becomes bright and dark again from none;
step S02, fine-tuning the position of the optical fiber, detecting the change of light and shade of the light spot at the tail end of the optical fiber, and determining the current coupling adjustment direction as the accurate coupling adjustment direction when the light spot changes from dark to light;
step S03, adjusting the position of the optical fiber in the accurate coupling adjustment direction; and measuring the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at different optical fiber positions by using a power meter, wherein when the light-emitting power reaches the maximum value, the current coupling position is the optimal coupling position.
The step S01 specifically includes: turning on a laser light source, and initially adjusting the position of the optical fiber so that a light path coupled into the optical fiber is coaxial with a laser optical axis; in the process of adjusting the position of the optical fiber, the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber is detected, and when the light changes from no light to bright and then becomes dark, the current coupling position is determined to be the approximate coupling position. The initial adjustment of the position of the optical fiber is realized through a six-dimensional adjusting frame, and the adjustment is carried out in the left-right direction of an X axis, the front-back direction of a Y axis and the up-down direction of a Z axis. The process is mainly realized by three-axis adjustment to ensure that the optical path coupled into the optical fiber is coaxial with the laser optical axis.
In the coupling adjustment process, laser can couple earlier and get into the fiber cladding, the bright dark change that can be observed by the naked eye can be seen to the coupling end 150mm within this moment, and after laser coupling advances the fiber core, its transmission mode can change along with the increase of distance, it reveals to have more laser in the nearer 150mm apart from the coupling fiber end face, but it reveals when not having laser coupling far away to advance in the fiber cladding many, consequently in the adjustment process of laser beam coupling into the fiber core, have in the fiber front end 150mm and can not give out light to the process of becoming dark to lighter, utilize this phenomenon, can judge, whether the coupling position is close. Therefore, it is preferable to detect the change in brightness of the light at the fiber tip in step S01 within 150mm from the end face of the fiber tip. The change in light and shade can be detected by the naked eye or by machine vision instruments.
The process of fine-tuning the position of the optical fiber in step S02 is implemented by a six-dimensional adjusting bracket, and fine-tuning is performed in the left-right direction of the X axis, the front-back direction of the Y axis, and the up-down direction of the Z axis. When the end of the fiber has a sharp circular light spot, the adjustment direction from insignificant to significant change (i.e., the light spot changes from dark to light) can be determined as the accurate coupling adjustment direction. This process can be adjusted in a variety of ways, either uniaxial or biaxial or triaxial, to achieve a significantly varying spot.
The process of adjusting the position of the optical fiber in step S03 is implemented by a six-dimensional adjusting bracket, and the adjustment is performed in the left-right direction of the X axis, the front-back direction of the Y axis, and the up-down direction of the Z axis. When the direction of adjustment is coupled exactly, the adjustment can be carried out in the direction of adjustment: if the adjusting direction is adjusted from the lower direction of the Z axis to the accurate coupling adjusting direction, only adjusting in the upper direction of the Z axis, detecting the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at a plurality of positions adjusted in the Z axis direction by the power meter, and selecting the maximum value from the light-emitting powers, determining the coupling adjusting position at the maximum light-emitting power as the optimal coupling position; if the adjusting direction is adjusted from the left to the right of the X axis and from the rear to the front of the Y axis to be an accurate coupling adjusting direction, adjusting in the right direction of the X axis and the front direction of the Y axis, detecting the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at a plurality of positions adjusted in the two directions by a power meter, selecting the maximum value from the light-emitting powers, and determining the coupling adjusting position of the maximum light-emitting power as the optimal coupling position; if the adjusting direction is the accurate coupling adjusting direction from the left to the right of the X axis, from the rear to the front of the Y axis and from the lower direction of the Z axis, the adjusting direction is adjusted from the right direction of the X axis, the front direction of the Y axis and the upper direction of the Z axis, the power meter detects the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at a plurality of positions adjusted in the three directions, the maximum value is selected from the light-emitting powers, and then the coupling adjusting position with the maximum light-emitting power is determined to be the optimal coupling position. The present invention is not limited to the above-described exemplary adjustment, and various adjustments of a single axis or two axes or three axes may be made depending on the actual situation.
The laser light source is one of a solid laser, a gas laser, a semiconductor laser and a fiber laser.
The lens module comprises a single lens or a plurality of lenses and is mainly used for reducing the numerical aperture of a light beam emitted by the laser light source so as to increase the laser light entering the end face of the optical fiber and improve the coupling efficiency. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of a lens module, which includes a diffusion cylindrical lens 1, a converging cylindrical lens 2, and an aspheric lens 5 sequentially disposed between a laser light source 3 and an optical fiber 9. The diffusion cylindrical lens 1, the converging cylindrical lens 2 and the aspheric lens 5 are arranged at the front end 6 of the optical fiber through a lens support 4. The axis of the lens support is parallel to the optical axis direction of the laser.
The optical fiber is a bare optical fiber with an optical fiber cladding and an optical fiber core. The optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber.
Taking fig. 2 as an example, the fiber coupling adjustment is performed, and after the optimal coupling position is obtained, the coupling device is packaged. First, the coupling device is arranged as illustrated in fig. 2. Then, the laser light source LD is turned on to ensure that the laser optical axis direction is parallel to the lens holder axis. And the optical fiber end face coupling position is adjusted in the coupling process. In the coupling adjustment process, laser can couple earlier and get into the fiber cladding, the bright dark change can be observed to the naked eye that coupling end has obvious within 150mm this moment, and behind laser coupling entering fiber core, its transmission mode can change along with the increase of distance, it reveals to have more laser in the nearer 100mm apart from coupling fiber end face distance, it is many that nevertheless not reveal when laser coupling advances in the fiber cladding far away, consequently in the adjustment process of laser beam coupling entering fiber core, have in the fiber front end 100mm and can not give out light to the process of becoming dark to lighter, utilize this phenomenon, can judge, whether the coupling position is close. The optimal position is determined, after the approximate position is found through the method, observation of light-emitting spots at the tail end of the optical fiber is changed, after part of laser is coupled into the optical fiber, the tail end of the optical fiber has obvious round spots, the correctness of the direction adjustment can be determined through the light and shade of the spots, and finally, the optimal position of optical fiber coupling can be found through the light-emitting power at the tail end of the optical fiber measured by the power meter.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.

Claims (9)

1. An optical fiber coupling adjusting method is applied to an optical fiber coupling device comprising a laser light source, a lens module and an optical fiber, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step S01, turning on a laser light source, primarily adjusting the position of the optical fiber, detecting the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber, and determining that the current coupling position is the approximate coupling position when the light becomes bright and dark again from none;
step S02, fine-tuning the position of the optical fiber, detecting the change of light and shade of the light spot at the tail end of the optical fiber, and determining the current coupling adjustment direction as the accurate coupling adjustment direction when the light spot changes from dark to light;
step S03, adjusting the position of the optical fiber in the accurate coupling adjustment direction; and measuring the light-emitting power of the tail ends of the optical fibers at different optical fiber positions by using a power meter, wherein when the light-emitting power reaches the maximum value, the current coupling position is the optimal coupling position.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S01 of detecting the brightness change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber is detecting the brightness change of the light within 150mm from the front end face of the optical fiber.
3. The optical fiber coupling adjustment method according to claim 1, wherein the step S01 specifically includes: turning on a laser light source, and initially adjusting the position of the optical fiber so that a light path coupled into the optical fiber is coaxial with a laser optical axis; in the process of adjusting the position of the optical fiber, the light and shade change of the light at the front end of the optical fiber is detected, and when the light changes from no light to bright and then becomes dark, the current coupling position is determined to be the approximate coupling position.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the adjusting of the position of the optical fiber in steps S01, S02 and S03 is performed by a six-dimensional adjusting frame.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is a bare fiber having a fiber cladding and a fiber core.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is a multimode optical fiber.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the lens module comprises a diffusion cylindrical lens, a convergence cylindrical lens and an aspheric lens sequentially disposed between the laser light source and the optical fiber.
8. The optical fiber coupling adjusting method according to claim 7, wherein the diffusing cylindrical lens, the converging cylindrical lens and the aspheric lens are disposed at the front end of the optical fiber through a lens holder; the axis of the lens support is parallel to the optical axis direction of the laser.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the laser source is one of a solid laser, a gas laser, a semiconductor laser, and a fiber laser.
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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115236801A (en) * 2022-09-08 2022-10-25 成都光创联科技有限公司 Optical device coupling control method
CN115267982A (en) * 2022-07-21 2022-11-01 桂林电子科技大学 Adaptive Adjustment Method for Fiber Coupling Alignment Based on Flexible EAP Electrodes
CN115542474A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-30 飞秒激光研究中心(广州)有限公司 Laser coupling system and control method, optical fiber fixing device and laser system

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115267982A (en) * 2022-07-21 2022-11-01 桂林电子科技大学 Adaptive Adjustment Method for Fiber Coupling Alignment Based on Flexible EAP Electrodes
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CN115542474A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-30 飞秒激光研究中心(广州)有限公司 Laser coupling system and control method, optical fiber fixing device and laser system

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