CN112253069B - External optical fiber system of horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
External optical fiber system of horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112253069B CN112253069B CN202011052640.9A CN202011052640A CN112253069B CN 112253069 B CN112253069 B CN 112253069B CN 202011052640 A CN202011052640 A CN 202011052640A CN 112253069 B CN112253069 B CN 112253069B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000246 remedial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001141 Ductile iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an external optical fiber system of a well cementation sliding sleeve pressure dividing pipe of a horizontal well and a monitoring method thereof, wherein the external optical fiber system of the well cementation sliding sleeve pressure dividing pipe of the horizontal well comprises a sleeve, a fracturing sliding sleeve and a monitoring optical cable, the sleeve is connected with the fracturing sliding sleeve, a plurality of sleeves are connected with a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves end to form a fracturing string, the fracturing sliding sleeve is provided with a sand blasting opening, and the sand blasting opening is opened to enable fracturing fluid in the fracturing string to be sprayed out from the sand blasting opening and carry out fracturing operation on a target reservoir of the horizontal well after well cementation operation; the monitoring optical cable is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string so as to enter the well horizontal well along with the fracturing string and monitor flow information at the sand blasting opening position of each fracturing sliding sleeve in real time. The method solves the problems that in the prior art, in the process of carrying out subdivision cutting and volume fracturing operation on the horizontal well, flow information at the sand blasting opening position of the fracturing sliding sleeve cannot be obtained, and the fracturing effect cannot be evaluated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground fracturing pipe columns and testing in oil and gas field development, in particular to an external optical fiber system of a horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe and a monitoring method thereof.
Background
In the prior art, in the process of carrying out subdivision cutting and volume fracturing operation on a horizontal well, flow information at the sand blasting opening position of a fracturing sliding sleeve of each section of each cluster of a staged fracturing device cannot be obtained, so that operators cannot accurately obtain opening information of the sand blasting opening, and even the yield information of the sand blasting opening cannot be obtained in the subsequent production stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a monitoring method for an external optical fiber system of a well cementation sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of a horizontal well and a monitoring method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, in the process of carrying out subdivision cutting and volume fracturing operation on the horizontal well, flow information at the sand blasting port position of a fracturing sliding sleeve cannot be obtained, and the fracturing effect cannot be evaluated.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an external optical fiber system of a well cementing sliding sleeve, the external optical fiber system of the well cementing sliding sleeve comprises a casing, a fracturing sliding sleeve and a monitoring optical cable, wherein the casing is connected with the fracturing sliding sleeve so that the fracturing sliding sleeve enters the well along with the casing, the casing is multiple, the fracturing sliding sleeve is multiple, the multiple casings are connected with the multiple fracturing sliding sleeves end to form a fracturing string, the fracturing sliding sleeve is provided with a sand blasting opening, the sand blasting opening is opened so that fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is ejected from the sand blasting opening and fracturing operation is performed on a target reservoir of the well after the well cementing operation so as to form a seepage channel of a hydrocarbon reservoir; the monitoring optical cable is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string and extends along the length direction of the fracturing string so as to enter the horizontal well of the well along with the fracturing string, is used for monitoring flow information at the sand blasting opening position of each fracturing sliding sleeve in real time and sending out optical fiber signals matched with the flow information.
Further, the fracturing sliding sleeve comprises a sliding sleeve body, a groove structure is formed on the circumferential outer surface of the sliding sleeve body, the groove structure extends along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve body, and the groove structure is used for accommodating the monitoring optical cable.
Further, the groove structure comprises an accommodating groove and a limiting groove which are communicated from inside to outside in the radial direction of the sliding sleeve body, the accommodating groove is used for accommodating the monitoring optical cable, a stop step is formed at the communicating position of the accommodating groove and the limiting groove, and the optical fiber system outside the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe further comprises a limiting plate which is covered on the stop step so as to limit the monitoring optical cable in the accommodating groove.
Further, the surface of the limiting plate, which is far away from one side of the monitoring optical cable, is flush with the plane where the notch of the limiting groove is located.
Further, a first assembly hole is formed in the stop step, a second assembly hole is formed in the position, opposite to the first assembly hole, of the limiting plate, and the optical fiber system outside the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve pressure dividing pipe further comprises a fastener which penetrates through the second assembly hole and stretches into the first assembly hole to connect the limiting plate and the sliding sleeve body.
Further, the sliding sleeve body is provided with a through hole structure, the through hole structure extends along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve body, a sand blasting opening is formed in the hole wall surface of the through hole structure, and the sand blasting opening and the groove structure are arranged at intervals.
Further, divide into first sliding sleeve body and second sliding sleeve body that are connected with the sliding sleeve body along the radial of sliding sleeve body, groove structure is located first sliding sleeve body, and the sand blasting mouth is a plurality of, and a plurality of sand blasting mouths set up around the circumference looks interval of second sliding sleeve body.
Further, the fracturing sliding sleeve further comprises an assembly component, the assembly component is connected with the axial end portion of the sliding sleeve body, the assembly component is provided with an internal thread structure, and the sleeve is provided with an external thread structure matched with the internal thread structure.
Further, the optical fiber system outside the pressure dividing pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well further comprises a ground optical fiber monitoring system, wherein the ground optical fiber monitoring system comprises a signal acquisition element and a data processing element, the signal acquisition element is connected with a monitoring optical cable, and the signal acquisition element is used for acquiring optical fiber signals sent by the monitoring optical cable; the data processing element is electrically connected with the signal acquisition element and is used for explaining the optical fiber signals acquired by the signal acquisition element.
Further, the fracturing string is provided with a flow-through cavity, one end of the fracturing string, which is far away from the wellhead of the horizontal well, is provided with a floating shoe, and the floating shoe is provided with a through hole structure for connecting the flow-through cavity and the horizontal well, so that cement slurry injected into the flow-through cavity flows into the horizontal well through the through hole structure to perform well cementation operation.
Further, the optical fiber system outside the well cementation sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of the horizontal well comprises a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeve groups, one fracturing sliding sleeve group comprises a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves, and the number of the fracturing sliding sleeves in each fracturing sliding sleeve group is different.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for monitoring an external optical fiber system of a well cementing sliding sleeve of a horizontal well, the monitoring method being used for the external optical fiber system of the well cementing sliding sleeve of the horizontal well, the monitoring method comprising the steps of S1, connecting a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves with a plurality of sleeves end to form a fracturing string, the fracturing sliding sleeve entering the horizontal well along with the sleeves, and a monitoring optical cable located on an external surface of the fracturing string entering the horizontal well along with the fracturing string; and S2, starting the sand blasting port so that fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is sprayed out from the sand blasting port and fracturing operation is carried out on a target reservoir of the horizontal well after well cementation operation, monitoring flow information at the sand blasting port of each fracturing sliding sleeve by the monitoring optical cable in real time, and sending out optical fiber signals matched with the flow information.
Further, after step S1 and before step S2, the monitoring method further includes step S10, injecting cement slurry into the flow-through cavity of the fracturing string, so that the cement slurry flows into the horizontal well through the via hole structure on the floating shoe to perform cementing operation; step S11, pumping a well cementation rubber plug into an overflow cavity of the fracturing string to drive cement paste in the overflow cavity to completely enter a horizontal well from a via hole structure, and performing bump pressing on the well cementation rubber plug at a bump-pressing nipple position in the fracturing string; step S12, after cement paste in the horizontal well is completely solidified to complete well cementation operation, performing pressure holding at the wellhead position of the horizontal well to open a toe end valve on a fracturing string, and fracturing at the position of a target reservoir of the horizontal well opposite to the toe end valve; and S13, putting a fracturing ball into the fracturing string to open sand blasting openings of all fracturing sliding sleeves in a group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups close to the toe end valve, wherein the fracturing ball is positioned at the fracturing sliding sleeve position on one side close to the toe end valve in the group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups.
Further, after step S2, the monitoring method further includes step S3, the data processing element interprets the optical fiber signal sent by the monitoring optical cable, and determines flow information at the position of the sand blasting opening of each fracturing sliding sleeve in the group of fracturing sliding sleeves, where the flow information is the ratio of the liquid inlet amount, if the ratio of the liquid inlet amount between the fracturing sliding sleeves is unbalanced, the sand blasting opening of the fracturing sliding sleeve with the larger liquid inlet amount is temporarily blocked, so as to repeatedly fracture the sand blasting opening of the fracturing sliding sleeve with the smaller liquid inlet amount; and S4, repeating the step S13, the step S2 and the step S3 to finish the fracturing opening operation of other fracturing sliding sleeve groups.
By adopting the technical scheme, the monitoring optical cable is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string and extends along the length direction of the fracturing string, so that the monitoring optical cable can enter the horizontal well along with the fracturing string, the monitoring optical cable entering the horizontal well can monitor the flow information of the sand blasting opening of the fracturing sliding sleeve in real time, operators can timely acquire the fracturing effect of the sand blasting opening of each fracturing sliding sleeve, determine the position of the sand blasting opening with poor fracturing effect and timely take remedial measures, the sand blasting opening of each fracturing sliding sleeve can be fully fractured, the fracturing reliability of the optical fiber system outside the well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of the horizontal well is ensured, and the fracturing effect of the optical fiber system outside the well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of the horizontal well is improved.
In addition, because the monitoring optical cable is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string, the fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is prevented from corroding the monitoring optical cable, the safety of the monitoring optical cable is ensured, and the monitoring reliability of the monitoring optical cable is ensured.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of a method of monitoring a horizontal well cementing sleeve partial pressure on-line optical fiber system, showing a method of monitoring the sand blast opening of each fracturing sleeve in a group of fracturing sleeves proximate a toe valve, in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a portion of a horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure outside pipe fiber system within a horizontal well in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a cementing operation of the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure outside pipe fiber system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the toe end valve of the horizontal well cementing sleeve partial pressure tube external optical fiber system of FIG. 3 in an open position;
FIG. 5 is a partial schematic view of the horizontal well cementing sleeve of FIG. 4 with the sand blast ports of each fracturing sleeve in the first group of fracturing sleeves of the partial pressure tube external optical fiber system in an open state;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a part of a first group of fracturing sliding sleeves of the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve, in which a sand blast port of one fracturing sliding sleeve is not opened, and temporary plugging agent is injected to hold pressure so as to open the sand blast port in an unopened state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of the fracturing sleeve of the other fracturing sleeve set of the horizontal well cementing sleeve partial pressure tube external optical fiber system of FIG. 6 after temporary plugging with a sand blast;
FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the fracturing sleeve of the horizontal well cementing sleeve partial pressure outside the tubular optical fiber system of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the fracturing sleeve of FIG. 8;
fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fracturing sleeve and the monitoring cable in fig. 8 in an assembled state.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
1. a horizontal well; 2. a flow-through cavity; 3. fracturing the sliding sleeve group; 4. cementing rubber plug; 5. pressing the short joint; 6. a toe end valve; 7. a frac ball; 8. temporary plugging agent; 9. a float collar; 10. a sleeve; 20. fracturing the sliding sleeve; 21. a sand blasting port; 22. a sliding sleeve body; 221. a groove structure; 2211. a receiving groove; 2212. a limit groove; 222. a via structure; 223. the first sliding sleeve body; 224. the second sliding sleeve body; 30. monitoring an optical cable; 40. a limiting plate; 50. a fastener; 60. assembling the assembly; 61. an internal thread structure; 70. a ground optical fiber monitoring system; 80. a float shoe; 81. a via structure; 100. a first fitting hole.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a monitoring method for an optical fiber system outside a well cementation sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of a horizontal well and a monitoring method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, in the process of carrying out staged fracturing operation on the horizontal well, flow information at the sand blasting port position of a fracturing sliding sleeve cannot be obtained and the fracturing effect cannot be evaluated.
As shown in fig. 1, the monitoring method of the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well is used for the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well, and the monitoring method comprises the following steps: step S1, connecting a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves 20 with a plurality of sleeves 10 end to form fracturing strings, wherein the fracturing sliding sleeves 20 enter the horizontal well 1 along with the sleeves 10, and monitoring optical cables 30 positioned on the outer surfaces of the fracturing strings enter the horizontal well 1 along with the fracturing strings; and S2, opening the sand blasting openings 21 so that fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is sprayed out from the sand blasting openings 21 and fracturing operation is carried out on a target reservoir of the horizontal well 1 after well cementation operation, monitoring flow information at the sand blasting openings 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 by the monitoring optical cable 30 in real time, and sending out optical fiber signals matched with the flow information.
It should be noted that, after step S1 and before step S2, the monitoring method further includes:
step S10, cement slurry is injected into the overflow cavity 2 of the fracturing string, so that the cement slurry flows into the horizontal well 1 through the through hole structure 81 on the floating shoe 80 to perform well cementation operation;
step S11, pumping a well cementation rubber plug 4 into the overflow cavity 2 of the fracturing string to drive cement paste in the overflow cavity 2 to completely enter the horizontal well 1 from the via hole structure 81, and performing bump pressing on the well cementation rubber plug 4 at a bump pressing nipple 5 position in the fracturing string;
step S12, after the cement paste in the horizontal well 1 is completely solidified to complete the well cementation operation, performing pressure holding at the wellhead position of the horizontal well 1 to open a toe end valve 6 positioned on a fracturing string, and fracturing at the position of a target reservoir of the horizontal well 1 opposite to the toe end valve 6;
and S13, putting a fracturing ball 7 into the fracturing string to open a sand blasting port 21 of each fracturing slide sleeve 20 in the group of fracturing slide sleeve groups 3 close to the toe valve 6, wherein the fracturing ball 7 is positioned at the fracturing slide sleeve 20 position on one side close to the toe valve 6 in the group of fracturing slide sleeve groups 3.
It should be noted that, after step S2, the monitoring method further includes: step S3, the data processing element interprets the optical fiber signal sent by the monitoring optical cable 30, judges the flow information at the position of the sand blasting opening 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 in the group 3 of fracturing sliding sleeves, wherein the flow information is the ratio of the liquid inlet amount, and if the ratio of the liquid inlet amount between the fracturing sliding sleeves 20 is unbalanced, temporarily plugs the sand blasting opening 21 of the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 with larger liquid inlet amount so as to repeatedly fracture the sand blasting opening 21 of the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 with smaller liquid inlet amount; and S4, repeating the step S13, the step S2 and the step S3 to finish the fracturing opening operation of the other fracturing sliding sleeve groups 3.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the cementing plug 4 is a special flexible plug, which ensures the trafficability of the cementing plug at the inner ball seat of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 and the scraping performance of the cementing slurry in the fracturing string, and the impact nipple 5 is required to be matched with the special flexible plug.
In this application, the ball seat of each fracturing slide sleeve 20 is made of ductile cast iron, the surface layer is specially hardened, erosion resistant and drillable, and the full diameter of the tubular column can be recovered after drilling.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementing sliding sleeve of the horizontal well comprises a sleeve 10, a fracturing sliding sleeve 20 and a monitoring optical cable 30, wherein the sleeve 10 is connected with the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 so that the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 enters the horizontal well 1 along with the sleeve 10, the sleeve 10 is multiple, the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 is multiple, the sleeves 10 are connected with the fracturing sliding sleeves 20 end to form a fracturing string, the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 is provided with a sand blasting opening 21, the sand blasting opening 21 is opened so that fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is ejected from the sand blasting opening 21 and fracturing operation is carried out on a target reservoir of the horizontal well 1 after the well cementing operation so as to form a seepage channel of a hydrocarbon reservoir; the monitoring optical cable 30 is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string and extends along the length direction of the fracturing string so as to enter the well horizontal well 1 along with the fracturing string, and the monitoring optical cable 30 is used for monitoring flow information at the position of the sand blasting opening 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 in real time and sending out optical fiber signals matched with the flow information.
Through setting up monitoring optical cable 30 on the surface of fracturing string to make monitoring optical cable 30 extend along the length direction of fracturing string and set up, in order to ensure that monitoring optical cable 30 can get into horizontal well 1 simultaneously along with fracturing string, like this, ensure that the monitoring optical cable 30 that gets into in the horizontal well 1 can carry out real-time supervision to the flow information of the sand blast mouth 21 position department of fracturing sliding sleeve 20, ensure that operating personnel can in time acquire the fracturing effect of the sand blast mouth 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20, and confirm the position of the relatively poor sand blast mouth 21 of fracturing effect, and in time take remedial action, thereby ensure that the sand blast mouth 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 all can obtain abundant fracturing, ensure the fracturing reliability of the outer optical fiber system of horizontal well cementation sliding sleeve bleeder pipe, be favorable to promoting the fracturing effect of the outer optical fiber system of horizontal well cementation sliding sleeve bleeder pipe.
In addition, because the monitoring optical cable 30 is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string, the fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is prevented from corroding the monitoring optical cable 30, and the safety of the monitoring optical cable 30 is ensured, so that the monitoring reliability of the monitoring optical cable 30 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 includes a sliding sleeve body 22, a groove structure 221 is formed on a circumferential outer surface of the sliding sleeve body 22, the groove structure 221 is disposed along an axial extension of the sliding sleeve body 22, and the groove structure 221 is used for accommodating the monitoring optical cable 30. In this way, the groove structure 221 plays a role in protecting the monitoring optical cable 30, and prevents the monitoring optical cable 30 from contacting the target reservoir of the horizontal well 1, thereby ensuring the safety of the monitoring optical cable 30 in the process of entering the horizontal well 1 along with the fracturing string.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the groove structure 221 includes, from inside to outside in the radial direction of the sliding sleeve body 22, a receiving groove 2211 and a limiting groove 2212, where the receiving groove 2211 is used for receiving the monitoring optical cable 30, a stop step is formed at the connection position of the receiving groove 2211 and the limiting groove 2212, the optical fiber system outside the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe further includes a limiting plate 40, and the limiting plate 40 is covered on the stop step to limit the monitoring optical cable 30 in the receiving groove 2211. Thus, the limiting plate 40 plays a role in limiting the monitoring optical cable 30 in the accommodating groove 2211, and prevents the monitoring optical cable 30 from falling out of the accommodating groove 2211.
It should be noted that, in the present application, in the process that the optical fiber system outside the pressure dividing tube of the well cementing sliding sleeve of the horizontal well enters the horizontal well 1, in order to avoid the interference between the limiting plate 40 and the target reservoir of the horizontal well 1, optionally, the surface of the side of the limiting plate 40, which is far away from the monitoring optical cable 30, is flush with the plane where the notch of the limiting groove 2212 is located. Thus, the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well can be ensured to smoothly enter the horizontal well 1.
As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the stop step is formed with a first assembly hole 100, a second assembly hole is formed at a position of the limiting plate 40 opposite to the first assembly hole 100, the optical fiber system outside the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe further comprises a fastener 50, and the fastener 50 passes through the second assembly hole and extends into the first assembly hole 100 to connect the limiting plate 40 and the sliding sleeve body 22. In this way, the connection reliability of the limiting plate 40 and the sliding sleeve body 22 is ensured, so that the limiting plate 40 is ensured to reliably limit the monitoring optical cable 30.
As shown in fig. 9, the sliding sleeve body 22 has a through hole structure 222, the through hole structure 222 extends along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve body 22, the hole wall surface of the through hole structure 222 is provided with a sand blast hole 21, and the sand blast hole 21 is spaced from the groove structure 221. In this way, it is ensured that the blast opening 21 and the groove structure 221 do not interfere with each other.
As shown in fig. 9, the sliding sleeve body 22 is divided into a first sliding sleeve body 223 and a second sliding sleeve body 224 which are connected along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve body 22, the groove structure 221 is located on the first sliding sleeve body 223, the number of sand blasting openings 21 is plural, and the plurality of sand blasting openings 21 are arranged at intervals around the circumferential direction of the second sliding sleeve body 224. Thus, when the optical fiber system outside the pressure dividing pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well carries out fracturing operation, the fracturing fluid and sand carrying fluid sprayed out from the sand blasting port 21 are prevented from polluting the monitoring optical cable 30 positioned in the groove structure 221, the service life of the monitoring optical cable 30 is guaranteed, and accordingly the operation reliability of the monitoring optical cable 30 is guaranteed.
As shown in fig. 10, the fracturing sleeve 20 further includes a fitting assembly 60, the fitting assembly 60 being connected to an axial end of the sleeve body 22, the fitting assembly 60 having an internal thread formation 61, the casing 10 having an external thread formation for mating with the internal thread formation 61. In this way, the connection reliability of the fracturing sleeve 20 and the casing 10 is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4 to 7, the optical fiber system outside the pressure dividing pipe of the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve further comprises a ground optical fiber monitoring system 70, wherein the ground optical fiber monitoring system 70 comprises a signal acquisition element and a data processing element, the signal acquisition element is connected with the monitoring optical cable 30, and the signal acquisition element is used for acquiring an optical fiber signal sent by the monitoring optical cable 30; the data processing element is electrically connected with the signal acquisition element and is used for explaining the optical fiber signals acquired by the signal acquisition element. In this way, it is ensured that an operator located on the ground can timely acquire flow information in the horizontal well 1.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the fracturing string has a flow-through cavity 2, one end of the fracturing string far away from the wellhead of the horizontal well 1 is provided with a floating shoe 80, and the floating shoe 80 is provided with a through hole structure 81 for connecting the flow-through cavity 2 and the horizontal well 1, so that cement slurry injected into the flow-through cavity 2 flows into the horizontal well 1 through the through hole structure 81 for cementing operation. Thus, the cement paste in the overflow cavity 2 of the fracturing string can smoothly enter the horizontal well 1 through the through hole structure 81 on the floating shoe 80, so that the cement paste is filled between the outer surface of the fracturing string and the target reservoir surface of the horizontal well 1, and after the cement paste is solidified, the well cementation operation is completed.
As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well comprises a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeve groups 3, wherein one fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 comprises a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves 20, and the number of the fracturing sliding sleeves 20 in each fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 is different.
It should be noted that, in this application, as shown in fig. 2 to 7, in the direction from right to left of the horizontal well 1, the number of fracturing sliding sleeves 20 in each fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 gradually increases, of course, only part of the fracturing sliding sleeve groups 3 are shown in fig. 2, and the ball seats inside the fracturing sliding sleeves 20 in each fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 are the same in size, and in addition, the ball seat of the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 near the left end in one fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 adopts an unchangeable diameter design, and the ball seats of the rest fracturing sliding sleeves 20 in the group adopt a changeable diameter design.
In this application, during the fracturing operation of the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementing sliding sleeve, the ratio of the liquid inlet amount or the fracturing effect of the sand blasting opening 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 in each group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups 3 is judged by combining the interpretation result of the ground optical fiber monitoring system 70 and the fracturing construction curve, and for the sand blasting opening 21 of the target fracturing sliding sleeve 20 with the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 in an unopened state (the liquid inlet amount is relatively small) or the fracturing effect is not ideal, the temporary plugging agent 8 is adopted to temporarily plug the sand blasting opening 21 of the opened fracturing sliding sleeve 20 (the liquid inlet amount is relatively high), so as to repeatedly perform the fracturing operation on the fracturing sliding sleeve 20 (the liquid inlet amount is relatively small) which is not opened for the sand blasting opening 21, and ensure that the sand blasting openings 21 of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 in each group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups 3 can be in an opened state, thereby ensuring the uniform liquid inlet amount, and ensuring the reliability of the optical fiber system outside the well cementing sliding sleeve, and ensuring that the optical fiber system outside the well cementing sliding sleeve can uniformly and fully fracture the sand blasting sliding sleeve 21.
It should be noted that, in the present application, the temporary plugging agent 8 and the fracturing ball 7 are both soluble materials, the temporary plugging agent 8 is generally used for temporarily plugging the sand blasting port 21 of the opened fracturing sliding sleeve 20, and the temporary plugging agent 8 is automatically degraded after fracturing, so as to ensure the smoothness of the fracturing string; as shown in fig. 2 to 7, a first fracturing ball 7 is thrown into the first right-most fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 of the horizontal well 1 from the wellhead of the horizontal well 1 (the wellhead position of the left-end vertical well), and then a second fracturing ball 7 is thrown into the second fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 of the horizontal well 1 from the wellhead of the horizontal well 1 (the wellhead position of the left-end vertical well), and other fracturing balls 7 are sequentially thrown until at least one fracturing ball 7 in each fracturing sliding sleeve group 3.
In this application, the optical fiber monitoring may also obtain the output profile of each fracturing sliding sleeve 20 in each fracturing sliding sleeve group 3 in the production stage, and provide basic data for dynamic analysis, formulation of yield-increasing measures, and the like.
In this application, four internal fiber cores of the monitoring optical cable 30 are used, one group of two fiber cores is used for downhole temperature monitoring (DTS) of the horizontal well 1, the other group of fiber cores is used for downhole acoustic monitoring (DAS) of the horizontal well 1, wherein the fiber cores used for downhole temperature monitoring (DTS) are multimode optical fibers, the fiber cores used for downhole acoustic monitoring (DAS) are single mode optical fibers, the sensitivity of the fiber cores used for downhole temperature monitoring (DTS) is ±1 ℃, the sensitivity range of the fiber cores used for downhole acoustic monitoring (DAS) is-50 dB to-80 dB, and the spatial resolution is less than or equal to 1m.
In this application, the monitoring optical cable 30 adopts an armored special structural design, and has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, and the like.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that embodiments of the present application described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The utility model provides a horizontal well cementation sliding sleeve partial pressure outside of tubes optical fiber system which characterized in that, horizontal well cementation sliding sleeve partial pressure outside of tubes optical fiber system includes:
the fracturing device comprises a casing (10) and a fracturing sliding sleeve (20), wherein the casing (10) is connected with the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) so that the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) enters a horizontal well (1) along with the casing (10), the number of the casing (10) is multiple, the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) is multiple, the casing (10) is connected with the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) end to form a fracturing string, the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) is provided with a sand blasting opening (21), the sand blasting opening (21) is opened, so that fracturing fluid in the fracturing string is sprayed out from the sand blasting opening (21) and carries out fracturing operation on a target reservoir of the horizontal well (1) after well cementation operation so as to form a seepage channel of a hydrocarbon reservoir;
the monitoring optical cable (30) is arranged on the outer surface of the fracturing string and extends along the length direction of the fracturing string so as to enter the horizontal well (1) of the well along with the fracturing string, and the monitoring optical cable (30) is used for monitoring flow information at the position of a sand blasting port (21) of each fracturing sliding sleeve (20) in real time and sending out optical fiber signals matched with the flow information;
the horizontal well cementation sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe outer optical fiber system further comprises a ground optical fiber monitoring system (70), and the ground optical fiber monitoring system (70) comprises:
the signal acquisition element is connected with the monitoring optical cable (30) and is used for acquiring optical fiber signals sent by the monitoring optical cable (30);
the data processing element is electrically connected with the signal acquisition element and is used for interpreting the optical fiber signals acquired by the signal acquisition element;
the temporary plugging agent (8), wherein the temporary plugging agent (8) is a soluble material, the temporary plugging agent (8) is used for temporarily plugging the opened sand blasting port (21) with high liquid inlet volume ratio, and the temporary plugging agent (8) can be automatically degraded after the fracturing operation is completed;
the fracturing string is provided with an overflow cavity (2), one end of the fracturing string, which is far away from a wellhead of the horizontal well (1), is provided with a floating shoe (80), the floating shoe (80) is provided with a through hole structure (81) used for communicating the overflow cavity (2) with the horizontal well (1), so that cement slurry injected into the overflow cavity (2) flows into the horizontal well (1) through the through hole structure (81) to perform well cementation operation;
the optical fiber system outside the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe further comprises a cementing rubber plug (4), the cementing rubber plug (4) is used for pumping into the overflow cavity (2) of the fracturing pipe column so as to drive cement slurry in the overflow cavity (2) to completely enter the horizontal well (1) from the via hole structure (81) through the cementing rubber plug (4), and the cementing rubber plug (4) is in collision pressure at the position of a collision pressure nipple (5) in the fracturing pipe column;
the fracturing string is also provided with a toe end valve (6), after cement paste in the horizontal well (1) is completely solidified to complete well cementation operation, the well mouth position of the horizontal well (1) is pressurized so as to open the toe end valve (6), and fracturing operation is performed at the position of a target reservoir of the horizontal well (1) opposite to the toe end valve (6);
the optical fiber system outside the partial pressure pipe of the well cementation sliding sleeve of the horizontal well comprises a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3), wherein one group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3) comprises a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves (20), and the number of the fracturing sliding sleeves (20) in each group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3) is different;
the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe outer optical fiber system further comprises a fracturing ball (7), the fracturing ball (7) is thrown into the fracturing pipe column to be pressed, a group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3) close to the toe end valve (6) are opened, sand blasting openings (21) of the fracturing sliding sleeves (20) are formed in the fracturing sliding sleeve groups, and the fracturing ball (7) is located at the position of the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) on one side, close to the toe end valve (6), of the fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3).
2. The horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system according to claim 1, wherein the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) comprises:
the optical cable monitoring device comprises a sliding sleeve body (22), wherein a groove structure (221) is formed on the circumferential outer surface of the sliding sleeve body (22), the groove structure (221) extends along the axial direction of the sliding sleeve body (22), and the groove structure (221) is used for accommodating the optical cable monitoring device (30).
3. The horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system according to claim 2, wherein the groove structure (221) comprises a containing groove (2211) and a limiting groove (2212) which are communicated from inside to outside in the radial direction of the sliding sleeve body (22), the containing groove (2211) is used for containing the monitoring optical cable (30), a stop step is formed at the communicating position of the containing groove (2211) and the limiting groove (2212), the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system further comprises a limiting plate (40), and the limiting plate (40) is covered on the stop step so as to limit the monitoring optical cable (30) in the containing groove (2211).
4. The system of claim 3, wherein the surface of the limiting plate (40) on the side far away from the monitoring cable (30) is flush with the plane of the notch of the limiting groove (2212).
5. The horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system according to claim 4, wherein a first assembly hole (100) is formed on the stop step, a second assembly hole is formed at a position, opposite to the first assembly hole (100), of the limiting plate (40), the horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system further comprises a fastener (50), and the fastener (50) penetrates through the second assembly hole and stretches into the first assembly hole (100) to connect the limiting plate (40) and the sliding sleeve body (22).
6. The horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system according to claim 5, wherein the sliding sleeve body (22) is provided with a through hole structure (222), the through hole structure (222) is arranged along the axial extension of the sliding sleeve body (22), the sand blasting opening (21) is formed in the hole wall surface of the through hole structure (222), and the sand blasting opening (21) is arranged at intervals with the groove structure (221).
7. The horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system according to claim 6, wherein the sliding sleeve body (22) is divided into a first sliding sleeve body (223) and a second sliding sleeve body (224) which are connected along the radial direction of the sliding sleeve body (22), the groove structure (221) is positioned on the first sliding sleeve body (223), the sand blasting openings (21) are a plurality of, and the sand blasting openings (21) are arranged around the circumference of the second sliding sleeve body (224) at intervals.
8. The horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe external optical fiber system according to claim 7, wherein the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) further comprises:
-a fitting assembly (60), the fitting assembly (60) being connected to an axial end of the sliding sleeve body (22), the fitting assembly (60) having an internal thread formation (61), the sleeve (10) having an external thread formation for cooperation with the internal thread formation (61).
9. A method for monitoring an external optical fiber system of a well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of a horizontal well, wherein the monitoring method is used for the external optical fiber system of the well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe of the horizontal well according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the monitoring method comprises:
step S1, connecting a plurality of fracturing sliding sleeves (20) with a plurality of sleeves (10) end to form a fracturing string, wherein the fracturing sliding sleeves (20) enter a horizontal well (1) along with the sleeves (10), and monitoring optical cables (30) positioned on the outer surface of the fracturing string enter the horizontal well (1) along with the fracturing string;
and S2, starting a sand blasting port (21) so that fracturing fluid in a fracturing string is sprayed out from the sand blasting port (21) and fracturing operation is carried out on a target reservoir of the horizontal well (1) after well cementation operation, and monitoring flow information at the position of the sand blasting port (21) of each fracturing sliding sleeve (20) by a monitoring optical cable (30) in real time and sending out an optical fiber signal matched with the flow information.
10. The method of monitoring an external optical fiber system of a horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe according to claim 9, wherein after step S1 and before step S2, the method of monitoring further comprises:
s10, injecting cement paste into the overflow cavity (2) of the fracturing string so that the cement paste flows into the horizontal well (1) through the via hole structure (81) on the floating shoe (80) to perform well cementation operation;
step S11, pumping a well cementation rubber plug (4) into an overflow cavity (2) of the fracturing string to drive cement paste in the overflow cavity (2) to completely enter the horizontal well (1) from the via structure (81), wherein the well cementation rubber plug (4) is bumped and pressed at a bump-press nipple (5) position in the fracturing string;
step S12, after cement paste in the horizontal well (1) is completely solidified to complete well cementation operation, performing pressure holding at a wellhead position of the horizontal well (1) so as to open a toe end valve (6) on the fracturing string, and fracturing at a position, opposite to the toe end valve (6), of a target reservoir of the horizontal well (1);
and S13, putting a fracturing ball (7) into the fracturing string to hold pressure so as to open a sand blasting port (21) of each fracturing sliding sleeve (20) in a group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3) close to the toe end valve (6), wherein the fracturing ball (7) is positioned at the position of the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) on one side, close to the toe end valve (6), in the group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3).
11. The method for monitoring an external optical fiber system of a horizontal well cementing sliding sleeve partial pressure pipe according to claim 10, wherein after the step S2, the method for monitoring further comprises:
step S3, the data processing element interprets the optical fiber signals sent by the monitoring optical cable (30) and judges the flow information at the position of the sand blasting opening (21) of each fracturing sliding sleeve (20) in a group of fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3), wherein the flow information is the ratio of the liquid inlet amount, if the ratio of the liquid inlet amount between the fracturing sliding sleeves (20) is unbalanced, the sand blasting opening (21) of the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) with larger liquid inlet amount is temporarily blocked, so that repeated fracturing is carried out on the sand blasting opening (21) of the fracturing sliding sleeve (20) with smaller liquid inlet amount;
and S4, repeating the step S13, the step S2 and the step S3 to finish the fracturing opening operation of other fracturing sliding sleeve groups (3).
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| CN113738332A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2021-12-03 | 李启国 | Horizontal well fracturing device and fracturing method |
| CN116411908A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-07-11 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Horizontal well fracturing cluster flow adjustment method |
| CN118049200B (en) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-09-17 | 宁波华奥智能装备有限公司 | Horizontal well multistage fracturing and optical fiber monitoring system based on intelligent fracturing sliding sleeve |
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