CN112324397A - Sea natural gas hydrate self-entry type solid fluidization exploitation system and exploitation method - Google Patents
Sea natural gas hydrate self-entry type solid fluidization exploitation system and exploitation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112324397A CN112324397A CN202011506316.XA CN202011506316A CN112324397A CN 112324397 A CN112324397 A CN 112324397A CN 202011506316 A CN202011506316 A CN 202011506316A CN 112324397 A CN112324397 A CN 112324397A
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- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 Natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/1208—Packers; Plugs characterised by the construction of the sealing or packing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/38—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well in the well
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种海域天然气水合物自入式固态流化开采系统及开采方法，包括自入式结构体，自入式结构体内部设置有空腔、射流管道、输送管道，空腔周侧经颗粒入口连通外界，输送管道下端连通空腔，自入式结构体周侧开设有若干射流出口，射流管道下端连通射流出口，自入式结构体上部设置有连通射流管道的射流入口、连通输送管道的输送出口，射流入口经管路连接高压水泵、输送出口连接抽泵，开采时不需要钻井，利用自入式结构体的管壁代替井壁，利用高压水冲击进入储层，解决了传统开采方法中钻井成本高昂的问题，并保证了采集的高效进行，在不改变天然气水合物储层温度和压力的前提下收集固体颗粒水合物，避开水合物分解可能引发的地质灾害。
The invention relates to a natural gas hydrate self-entry solid fluidization mining system and a mining method in sea areas, comprising a self-entry structure body, and a cavity, a jet pipeline and a conveying pipeline are arranged inside the self-entry structure body, and the peripheral side of the cavity passes through The particle inlet is connected to the outside world, the lower end of the conveying pipe is connected to the cavity, the peripheral side of the self-entry structure is provided with several jet outlets, the lower end of the jet pipe is connected to the jet outlet, and the upper part of the self-entry structure is provided with a jet inlet that communicates with the jet pipe and communicates with the conveying pipe The jet inlet is connected to the high-pressure water pump through the pipeline, and the delivery outlet is connected to the pump. No drilling is required during mining. The pipe wall of the self-entry structure is used instead of the well wall, and the high-pressure water is used to impinge into the reservoir, which solves the traditional mining method. The high cost of drilling in the middle of the gas hydrate ensures the high efficiency of the collection, and collects solid particle hydrate without changing the temperature and pressure of the natural gas hydrate reservoir, avoiding geological disasters that may be caused by hydrate decomposition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a sea area natural gas hydrate self-entry type solid fluidization exploitation system and an exploitation method.
Background
Natural gas hydrates have a composition similar to natural gas, but are purer, 1m under standard conditions3The natural gas hydrate can be decomposed to generate 164-180 m3The energy density of the burnt natural gas is 2-5 times of that of the conventional natural gas and 10 times of that of coking coal, the natural gas is convenient to use, high in combustion value and huge in energy, basically has no pollutant residue after being burnt, and is a recognized clean and efficient energy source in the world. The formation of natural gas hydrate must satisfy 3 basic conditions of low temperature, high pressure and gas source, so the current common exploitation methods include: high temperature heat shock method, depressurization method, displacement method.
Based on the characteristics of shallow burying depth, no compact cover layer, no diagenesis, weak cementation, easy fragmentation and the like of natural gas hydrate in the sea area of China, a solid-state fluidization method is proposed by scholars. The hydrate ore body is developed in a solid state by adopting mining equipment, the deposit containing the hydrate is crushed into fine particles, then the fine particles are mixed with seawater, the mixture is conveyed to an offshore platform by adopting a closed pipeline, and then the mixture is subjected to post-treatment and processing on the offshore platform. The existing solid-state fluidized mining method needs to adopt a high-pressure seawater jet flow or a drill bit drilling mode to form a drilling well and then lay a riser, and the high drilling cost is a main limiting factor for limiting the development of the drilling well.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a sea natural gas hydrate self-entry type solid fluidization exploitation system and an exploitation method thereof.
The invention adopts the scheme that the sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type solid fluidization exploitation system comprises a self-entering type structure body, wherein a cavity, a jet flow pipeline and a conveying pipeline are arranged in the self-entering type structure body, a plurality of particle inlets penetrating through the peripheral side wall of the self-entering type structure body are formed in the peripheral side of the cavity, the lower end of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the cavity, a plurality of jet flow outlets are formed in the peripheral side of the self-entering type structure body, the lower end of the jet flow pipeline is communicated with the jet flow outlets, a jet flow inlet communicated with the jet flow pipeline and a conveying outlet communicated with the conveying pipeline are formed in the upper part of the self-entering type structure body.
Furthermore, the self-entering structure body is in a cylindrical shuttle shape with the upper end and the lower end being small and the middle being large, the lower end of the self-entering structure body is provided with a sharp head part, and the periphery of the upper end of the self-entering structure body is evenly provided with a plurality of side wing plates.
Furthermore, a centrifugal separator is arranged in the cavity, the pump is an electric pump arranged in the cavity, the input end of the electric pump is connected with the discharge end of the centrifugal separator through a pipeline, the output end of the electric pump is connected with a conveying pipeline through a pipeline, a plurality of silt channels communicated with the outer surface of the tip part are arranged in the tip part, and the waste output end of the centrifugal separator is connected with the silt channels through a pipeline.
Further, the cavity is arranged at the lower part of the self-entering structure, and the jet flow outlet is positioned above the cavity.
Further, the hydraulic jet system is a high-pressure water pump.
Furthermore, the high-pressure water pump is arranged on a ship or an offshore platform, the ship or the offshore platform is provided with a storage tank and a power supply system, the output end of the pumping pump is connected with the storage tank, and the electric pump and the centrifugal separator are both connected with the power supply system through cables.
Further, be provided with inflation bag closed system on the income formula structure, inflation bag closed system is including filling water inflation utricule and setting up the water injection pipeline that has the solenoid valve in the cavity, and it is the ring form to fill water inflation utricule, and fixed mounting is on going into structure periphery upper portion certainly, and the charge pump is connected to water injection pipeline one end, and the water inflation utricule is connected to the other end, fills water inflation utricule and closely laminates with the natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum after the water injection, and the water injection pipeline utilizes the charge pump as water injection power, with partial formation fluid injection water inflation utricule.
A mining method of an offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry type solid fluidized mining system comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting a mining area, releasing a self-entering structure at a certain distance above the seabed, and impacting the lower end of the self-entering structure to enter a natural gas hydrate reservoir;
step S2: providing high-pressure water to the self-entering structure through a high-pressure water pump, and ejecting the high-pressure water through a jet outlet to break a surrounding natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum to form solid particles, wherein the solid particles comprise natural gas hydrate particles and silt and are mixed with water;
step S3: under the action of a pump, after the natural gas hydrate particles and the silt enter the cavity along with water from the particle inlet, the natural gas hydrate particles and the silt enter a centrifugal separation device, the centrifugal separation device backfills the separated silt into a reservoir layer through a silt channel, and the separated natural gas hydrate particles are lifted and output for further treatment and storage;
step S4: and (3) when the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is finished or the gas production efficiency is reduced to a certain value within a certain range, pulling out the self-entering structural body in the stratum, transferring the self-entering structural body to a new exploitation area, and continuing the exploitation in the step 1-3.
Further, in step 3, in the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrate, the self-entering structure is gradually lifted, so that the natural gas hydrate reservoir is gradually exploited from bottom to top.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method has the advantages that drilling is not needed in mining, the wall of the well is replaced by the wall of the self-entering structural body, and high-pressure water is used for impacting and entering the reservoir, so that the problem of high drilling cost in the traditional mining method is solved, the efficient collection is ensured, the solid particle hydrate is collected on the premise of not changing the temperature and the pressure of the reservoir of the natural gas hydrate, and geological disasters possibly caused by hydrate decomposition are avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures.
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an autonomous solid-state fluidized mining device for sea natural gas hydrates according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic external view of a preferred embodiment of the self-entering structural body according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the balloon closure system.
In the figure: a-a natural gas hydrate overburden; b-a natural gas hydrate reservoir; 1-a self-entering structure; 11-a tip portion; 12-side wing plate; 13-a jet conduit; 14-a delivery conduit; 15-jet outlet; 16-a silt channel; 17-a cavity; 18-a particle inlet; 2-a cable; 3-a centrifugal separator; 4-pumping; 5-water-filled expansion of the balloon.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type solid fluidization exploitation system comprises a self-entering type structure body 1, a cavity 17, a jet pipeline 13 and a conveying pipeline 14 are arranged inside the self-entering type structure body, a plurality of particle inlets 18 penetrating through the peripheral side wall of the self-entering type structure body are formed in the periphery of the cavity, the lower end of the conveying pipeline is communicated with the cavity, a plurality of jet outlets 15 are formed in the periphery of the self-entering type structure body, the lower end of the jet pipeline is communicated with the jet outlets, a jet inlet communicated with the jet pipeline and a conveying outlet communicated with the conveying pipeline are formed in the upper portion of the self-entering type structure body, and the jet.
In this embodiment, the self-entering structure is in the form of a cylindrical shuttle with small upper and lower ends and large middle, the streamline shape can obtain a high speed in the descending process in seawater, the lower end of the shuttle is provided with a pointed part 11, the circumference of the upper end is evenly provided with a plurality of side wing plates 12, and the side wing plates are used for adjusting the falling posture of the self-entering structure in water and reducing deflection.
In this embodiment, be provided with centrifugal separator 3 in the cavity, the pump is the charge pump that sets up in the cavity, and the charge pump adopts electric submersible pump or slush pump, and charge pump input end connects the centrifugal separator discharge end through the pipeline, and charge pump output end connects the pipeline through the pipeline, is equipped with a plurality of silt passageways 16 of intercommunication its surface in the prong, and centrifugal separator waste material output end connects the silt passageway through the pipeline.
In this embodiment, the cavity is disposed at a lower portion of the self-entering structure, and the jet outlet is located above the cavity.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic fluid system is a high pressure water pump.
In this embodiment, be provided with inflation bag closed system on the income formula structure, inflation bag closed system is including filling water inflation utricule and setting up the water injection pipeline that has the solenoid valve in the cavity, it is the ring form to fill water inflation utricule, fixed mounting is on the peripheral upper portion of income structure certainly, water injection pipeline one end is connected the charge pump, the other end is connected and is filled water inflation utricule, it closely laminates with the natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum after filling water inflation utricule water injection, the water injection pipeline utilizes the charge pump as water injection power, with partial formation fluid injection water inflation utricule, under some geological conditions, it has water channel to go into between structure outer lane and the surrounding formation certainly, its aqueous vapor flows and can influence the interior decompression exploitation effect of cavity, inflation bag closed system can alleviate above.
In this embodiment, the high pressure water pump is disposed on a ship or an offshore platform, the ship or the offshore platform is provided with a sea surface processing system, an anchor cable device, a cable and a power supply system, an output end of the pump is connected to the sea surface processing system, the surface processing system is used for collecting, processing and storing natural gas hydrate particles, if the sea surface processing system is a storage tank, the cable of the anchor cable device is connected to the upper end of the self-entering structural body, the anchor cable device is used for releasing the self-entering structural body to fall to the natural gas hydrate storage layer and pulling out the self-entering structural body after mining is completed, and the power supply system supplies power to the electric pump and the centrifugal separator through.
A mining method of an offshore natural gas hydrate self-entry type solid fluidized mining system comprises the following steps:
step S1: selecting a mining area, releasing a self-entering structure at a certain distance above the seabed, and impacting the lower end of the self-entering structure to enter a natural gas hydrate reservoir B;
step S2: providing high-pressure water to the self-entering structure through a high-pressure water pump, and ejecting the high-pressure water through a jet outlet to break a surrounding natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum to form solid particles, wherein the solid particles comprise natural gas hydrate particles and silt and are mixed with water;
step S3: under the action of a pump, after the natural gas hydrate particles and the silt enter the cavity along with water from the particle inlet, the natural gas hydrate particles and the silt enter a centrifugal separation device, the centrifugal separation device backfills the separated silt into a reservoir layer through a silt channel, and the separated natural gas hydrate particles are lifted and output for further treatment and storage;
step S4: and (3) when the exploitation of the natural gas hydrate is finished or the gas production efficiency is reduced to a certain value within a certain range, pulling out the self-entering structural body in the stratum, transferring the self-entering structural body to a new exploitation area, and continuing the exploitation in the step 1-3.
In the step 3, the self-entering structure is gradually lifted in the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrate, so that the natural gas hydrate reservoir stratum is gradually exploited from bottom to top.
If this patent discloses or refers to parts or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected may be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example using a bolt or screw connection) can also be understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding), but of course, fixed connections to each other may also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured integrally using a casting process) (unless it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).
In the description of this patent, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the patent, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the patent.
The above-mentioned preferred embodiments, further illustrating the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, should be understood that the above-mentioned are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011506316.XA CN112324397B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type solid state fluidization exploitation system and exploitation method |
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| CN202011506316.XA CN112324397B (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Sea area natural gas hydrate self-entering type solid state fluidization exploitation system and exploitation method |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN119878106A (en) * | 2025-01-15 | 2025-04-25 | 成都工业学院 | Marine hydrate cemented particle collision gel breaking separation device |
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| CN112324397B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
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