CN112358181B - Air purification ceramic tile containing air holes and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Air purification ceramic tile containing air holes and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112358181B CN112358181B CN202011151704.0A CN202011151704A CN112358181B CN 112358181 B CN112358181 B CN 112358181B CN 202011151704 A CN202011151704 A CN 202011151704A CN 112358181 B CN112358181 B CN 112358181B
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical group [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 47
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 241000904014 Pappus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/02—Pretreated ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/06—Polluted air
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2204/00—Glasses, glazes or enamels with special properties
- C03C2204/04—Opaque glass, glaze or enamel
- C03C2204/06—Opaque glass, glaze or enamel opacified by gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2205/00—Compositions applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes
- C03C2205/02—Compositions applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes for opaque enamels or glazes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics and functional decorative materials, in particular to an air purification ceramic tile containing air holes and a preparation process thereof. Comprises ceramic adobe and glaze; the raw materials of the glaze comprise a base material, a foaming material and a photocatalysis material; the foaming material comprises polishing waste residues, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and barium carbonate; the photocatalytic material comprises bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide, bauxite and ball clay; the foaming material forms bubbles in the fired glaze layer, the bubbles positioned on the surface of the glaze layer form air holes after being polished, the surface of the glaze layer is covered with an adhesive layer, and modified photocatalysts are embedded in the air holes; according to the weight percentage, the foaming material is 0.5-1 wt% of the weight of the base material, and the photocatalysis material is 8-10 wt% of the weight of the base material. The overglaze of the prepared photocatalysis anion ceramic tile contains air holes and is embedded with the modified photocatalyst, and the photocatalysis efficacy and the durability are good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics and functional decorative materials, in particular to an air purification ceramic tile containing air holes and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the development of industry, air pollution is more serious, and air contains various substances harmful to human bodies, so that air purification is more and more concerned.
In recent years, many indoor decorative materials for purifying air, such as negative ion coatings, negative ion plates, negative ion tiles, photocatalytic coatings, photocatalytic tiles and the like, are emerging in markets at home and abroad.
The air purification ceramic tiles on the existing market have two types, one is to introduce rare earth composite salts into a ceramic glaze layer; the other is that the surface of the ceramic tile is coated with a photocatalyst coating.
The air purification ceramic tile produced in the market at present has low photocatalytic efficiency under visible light and poor durability of washing and brushing resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide an air-purifying ceramic tile containing air holes and a preparation process thereof, wherein the air-purifying ceramic tile has a photocatalytic effect and contains a modified porous material which can enhance the purifying effect of harmful substances in the air.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme
An air-purifying ceramic tile containing air holes comprises a ceramic tile blank and a glaze layer;
the raw materials of the glaze layer comprise a base material, a foaming material and a photocatalysis material;
the foaming material comprises polishing waste residue, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and barium carbonate;
the photocatalysis material comprises bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide, bauxite and ball clay;
the foaming material forms bubbles in a fired glaze layer, the bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer form air holes after being polished, the surface of the glaze layer is covered with an adhesive layer, and modified photocatalysts are embedded in the air holes;
according to the weight percentage, the foaming material accounts for 0.5-1 wt% of the weight of the base material, and the photocatalytic material accounts for 8-10 wt% of the weight of the base material.
Preferably, the modified photocatalyst specifically comprises 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of a dispersing agent by weight;
the dispersing agent is sodium polyacrylate;
the particle diameters of the titanium dioxide, the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide are all 3-5 nm.
Preferably, the photocatalytic material specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay;
the firing temperature of the glaze layer is 1150-1200 ℃.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, which comprises a semi-finished product preparation step, a modified photocatalyst preparation step, a semi-finished product polishing step and a modified photocatalyst grinding and pressing filling step;
wherein the semi-finished product preparation step comprises the following steps:
p1) weighing 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay according to parts by weight, adding water, ball-milling and mixing uniformly to prepare a photocatalysis material mixture;
p2) adding the foaming material accounting for 0.5-1 wt% of the base material into the base material of the glaze layer, stirring uniformly, adding the photo-catalytic material mixture accounting for 8-10 wt% of the base material, adding water, ball-milling and stirring uniformly to obtain glaze layer slurry;
p3) applying the glaze layer slurry on the surface of a ceramic green brick to form the glaze layer;
p4) putting the glazed ceramic adobe into a kiln, and sintering at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product A.
Specifically, the raw materials of the foaming material comprise, by weight, 50-60 parts of polishing waste residues, 0.5-1 part of silicon carbide, 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of lithium carbonate and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate.
Specifically, the preparation step of the modified photocatalyst comprises:
s1) weighing 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide with the particle size of 3-5 nanometers, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of sodium polyacrylate according to parts by weight to prepare photocatalyst mixed powder;
s2) adding the photocatalyst mixed powder which accounts for 5-9 wt% of the weight of the aqueous silica sol solution into the aqueous silica sol solution, uniformly stirring by using a dispersion machine, and filtering to remove undissolved particles to obtain the modified photocatalyst.
Specifically, the semi-finished product polishing step includes:
q1) polishing the semi-finished product A by a polisher until the glossiness is 30-40 degrees, and opening bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer into air holes to obtain a semi-finished product B;
q2) dripping a cleaning agent on the surface of the semi-finished product B, and cleaning the glaze of the semi-finished product B by using a pappus brush;
q3) blowing the pores of the semi-finished product B by high-pressure gas, and then washing the semi-finished product B by clean water;
q4) and then blowing the air holes of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas to obtain a clean semi-finished product C.
Specifically, in the step Q1), the grinding head of the polisher includes carborundum abrasive materials of 8 groups of 320-400 mesh sanding modules, 4 groups of 600-800 mesh sanding modules, 4 groups of 1000-1500 mesh sanding modules and 3 groups of 2000-mesh sanding modules;
in the step Q2), the cleaning agent is at least one of sodium hypochlorite, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 3-5% and hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3%.
Specifically, the grinding, pressing and filling step of the modified photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
r1) coating an adhesive on the surface of the clean semi-finished product C to form an adhesive layer, thus obtaining a semi-finished product D;
r2) dropping the modified photocatalyst on the grinding head of the polisher with the grinding head as the fiber abrasive, and pressurizing and grinding and polishing the semi-finished product D with the pressure of 42-45MPa until the glossiness is in the same qualified range value, so that the modified photocatalyst is fully filled in the pores of the semi-finished product D in a grinding pressure manner, and the air purification ceramic tile containing the pores is prepared.
Specifically, in the step R1), the adhesive is epoxy resin, polyurethane or polyethylene, and the using amount of the adhesive is 12-18g/m2；
In the step R2), the use amount of the modified photocatalyst is 50-70g/m2。
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide contained in glaze are substances with dielectric property and far infrared ray functions, and have the function of mutually strengthening photocatalysis function under visible light; the air purification ceramic tile containing the foaming material generates bubbles in glaze when being fired at high temperature, the bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer are opened into air holes through polishing, a layer of adhesive layer is additionally arranged on the surface of the glaze layer through grinding and pressing, and the modified photocatalyst is additionally embedded into the air holes of the adhesive layer and can further improve the photocatalytic effect of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes.
The air holes can absorb moisture or harmful gases in the air, and the modified photocatalyst in the air holes can remove the contained harmful substances to achieve the effect of purifying the air. The air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, which is fired at a high temperature of more than 1000 ℃, has good hardness and friction resistance, and has better washing and brushing durability than the air purification ceramic tile in the prior art.
The invention also provides a preparation process for preparing the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, and the prepared photocatalytic negative ion ceramic tile has good formaldehyde removal effect under the irradiation of visible light, the formaldehyde purification efficiency can meet the II-type requirements of JC/T1074-2008 standard, and the ceramic tile has better washing and brushing resistance durability.
The invention solves the technical problems of low photocatalytic efficiency under visible light and poor washing and brushing resistance durability of the air purification ceramic tile in the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an air-purifying ceramic tile containing air holes according to the present invention;
wherein: 1, ceramic adobe; a glaze layer 2; an adhesive layer 3; and an air hole 21.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in specific embodiments.
An air-purifying ceramic tile containing air holes comprises a ceramic tile blank 1 and a glaze layer 2;
the raw materials of the glaze layer 2 comprise a base material, a foaming material and a photocatalysis material;
the foaming material comprises polishing waste residue, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and barium carbonate;
the photocatalytic material comprises bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide, bauxite and ball clay;
the foaming material forms bubbles in the fired glaze layer 2, the bubbles positioned on the surface of the glaze layer 2 form air holes 21 through polishing, the surface of the glaze layer 2 is covered with a binder layer, and modified photocatalysts are embedded in the air holes 21;
according to the weight percentage, the foaming material accounts for 0.5-1 wt% of the weight of the base material, and the photocatalytic material accounts for 8-10 wt% of the weight of the base material.
As shown in figure 1, the air purification ceramic tile containing air holes comprises a ceramic tile blank 1 and a glaze layer 2, wherein bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide contained in the raw materials of the glaze layer 2 are substances with dielectric property and far infrared ray function and have the function of mutually strengthening the photocatalytic function; the air purification ceramic tile contains a foaming material, wherein the foaming material generates bubbles in glaze during high-temperature firing, the bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer 2 are opened into air holes 21 through polishing, a layer of adhesive layer 3 is ground and pressed on the surface of the glaze layer 2, and a modified photocatalyst is additionally embedded into the air holes 21 in the adhesive layer 3, so that the photocatalytic effect of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes can be further improved.
The addition amount of the photocatalytic material is 8-10% of the weight of the base material, the addition amount is less, the photocatalytic effect is insufficient, and the addition amount is more, so that the glaze 22 deforms. The addition amount of the high-temperature foaming material is 0.5-1% of the base material, the foaming is not obvious when the amount is small, the proportion of the air holes 21 does not meet the requirement, and the surface decoration effect is influenced even the surface of the glaze layer 2 is convex and deformed when the amount is large.
The air holes 21 can absorb moisture or harmful gas in the air, and the modified photocatalyst in the air holes 21 can remove the contained harmful gas to achieve the effect of purifying the air.
The air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, which is fired at the high temperature of over 1100 ℃, has good hardness and friction resistance, and has better washing and brushing durability than the air purification ceramic tile in the prior art.
The air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, which is prepared by the invention, has a good formaldehyde removal effect, the formaldehyde purification efficiency can meet the II-type requirements of JC/T1074-2008 standard, and the air purification ceramic tile has good washing and brushing durability.
The air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes comprises a glaze polishing rotary brick and a polished brick.
Specifically, the modified photocatalyst specifically comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of a dispersing agent;
the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate;
the particle sizes of the titanium dioxide, the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide are all 3-5 nm.
The photocatalytic efficacy of the photocatalytic material is slightly reduced after high-temperature firing, and the photocatalytic efficacy of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes can be improved by supplementing the modified photocatalyst into the air holes 21, so that the part of the photocatalytic efficacy reduction of the photocatalytic material fired at high temperature is compensated.
The addition amount of the titanium dioxide is less than 10 parts, the photocatalytic effect is poor, and the visible light catalytic effect is poor when the addition amount is more than 15 parts. The addition amounts of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide are respectively less than 25 parts and 8 parts, and the photocatalytic effect is poor; on the other hand, if the amount is more than 30 parts and 12 parts, the excessive amount of the component is wasted, and the polishing failure may be caused.
The addition amount of the fumed silica is less than 3 parts, so that the integral anti-settling effect is poor; the liquid added in an amount of more than 5 parts becomes thick and is not good for use.
Further, the photocatalytic material specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay;
the sintering temperature of the glaze layer 2 is 1150-1200 ℃.
Bauxite and ball clay have higher melting temperature, the melting temperature of bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide is relatively lower, and the melting heat-resistant temperature of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide can be improved and the photocatalytic efficacy of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide can be improved by adding the bauxite and the ball clay which account for about 50% of the total weight of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide to wrap the appearance of the particles of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, which comprises a semi-finished product preparation step, a modified photocatalyst preparation step, a semi-finished product polishing step and a modified photocatalyst grinding and pressing filling step;
wherein the semi-finished product preparation step comprises the following steps:
p1) weighing 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay according to parts by weight, adding water, ball-milling and mixing uniformly to prepare a photocatalysis material mixture;
p2) adding the foaming material accounting for 0.5-1 wt% of the base material into the base material of the glaze layer 2, stirring uniformly, adding the photo-catalytic material mixture accounting for 8-10 wt% of the base material, adding water, ball-milling and stirring uniformly to obtain glaze layer 2 slurry;
p3) applying the glaze layer 2 slurry on the surface of the ceramic adobe 1 to form the glaze layer 2;
p4) sintering the glazed ceramic adobe 1 in a kiln at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product A.
The glaze layer 2 which is prepared by wrapping and adding the photocatalytic materials bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide in the glaze through bauxite and ball clay and firing at the high temperature of 1150-1200 ℃ has stronger hardness and wear resistance, and can improve the durability and washing resistance of the anion performance of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes.
Specifically, the raw materials of the foaming material comprise, by weight, 50-60 parts of polishing waste residues, 0.5-1 part of silicon carbide, 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of lithium carbonate and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
s1) weighing 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide with the grain diameter of 3-5 nanometers, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of sodium polyacrylate according to parts by weight to prepare photocatalyst mixed powder;
s2) adding the photocatalyst mixed powder which accounts for 5-9 wt% of the weight of the aqueous silica sol solution into the aqueous silica sol solution, uniformly stirring by using a dispersion machine, and filtering to remove undissolved particles to obtain the modified photocatalyst.
The addition of the fumed silica and the dispersing agent can improve the dispersibility of the titanium dioxide, the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide, and ensure that the modified photocatalyst has better stability in an aqueous silicon solution and is not easy to precipitate.
The aqueous silica sol solution is an aqueous solution of an alkaline dispersion solution, has a pH value of 8-12 and a solid content of 20-2%, and contains nano-sized silica particles as a main component. Due to SiO in the silica sol2Contains a large amount of water and hydroxyl groups, and has a chemical formula of SiO2.nH2O。
Specifically, the semi-finished product polishing step includes:
q1) grinding and polishing the semi-finished product A by a polisher until the glossiness is 30-40 degrees, and opening air bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer 2 into air holes 21 to obtain a semi-finished product B;
q2) dripping a cleaning agent on the surface of the semi-finished product B, and cleaning the glaze of the semi-finished product B by using a pappus brush;
q3) blowing the air holes 21 of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas, and then washing the semi-finished product B clean by clear water;
q4) and then blowing the air holes 21 of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas to obtain a clean semi-finished product C.
The residual impurities and water in the air holes 21 are effectively cleared through high-pressure gas, cleaning agent, clean water for washing and flushing, and the effective rate of embedding the modified photocatalyst into the air holes 21 can be improved.
Preferably, in step Q1), the grinding head of the polisher comprises emery abrasives of 8 groups of 320-400 mesh sanding modules, 4 groups of 600-800 mesh sanding modules, 4 groups of 1000-1500 mesh sanding modules and 3 groups of 2000-mesh sanding modules;
in the step Q2), the cleaning agent is at least one of sodium hypochlorite, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 3-5% and hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3%.
By adopting the polisher with the emery grinding heads simultaneously comprising the 320-mesh 400-mesh grinding module 8 group, the 600-mesh 800-mesh grinding module 4 group, the 1000-mesh 1500-mesh grinding module 4 group and the 2000-mesh grinding module 3 group, the closed air hole 21 can be more easily polished out, and the depth of the air hole 21 cannot be influenced by the need of deep polishing.
Cleaning the brick surface with soft brush and cleaning agent such as sodium hypochlorite, 3-5% hydrofluoric acid or 2-3% hydrochloric acid, blowing the brick surface with high pressure gas to blow out impurities in the air holes 21 of the brick surface, cleaning with clear water, and blowing water and impurities in the air holes 21 with high pressure gas.
Preferably, the modified photocatalyst grinding and pressing filling step comprises the following steps:
r1) coating an adhesive on the surface of the clean semi-finished product C to form an adhesive layer, so as to obtain a semi-finished product D;
r2), dropping the modified photocatalyst on the grinding head of the polisher with the grinding head being made of fiber abrasive, pressurizing and grinding and polishing the semi-finished product D with the pressure of 42-45MPa until the glossiness is within the same qualified range value, and filling the air holes 21 of the semi-finished product D with the modified photocatalyst in a grinding pressure manner to obtain the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes.
The surface of the glaze layer 2 of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes contains the adhesive layer 3, the modified photocatalyst is embedded into the air holes 21 of the adhesive layer 3 in a grinding and pressing mode, the bonding strength of the photocatalyst and the surfaces of the air holes 21 is enhanced through the adhesive, and the effect exertion and the durability improvement of the photocatalytic substance on the surface of the glaze layer 2 are facilitated.
Specifically, in the step R1), the adhesive is epoxy resin, polyurethane or polyethylene, and the using amount of the adhesive is 12-18g/m2；
In the step R2), the use amount of the modified photocatalyst is 50-70g/m2。
The prepared air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes has various properties meeting the national standard requirements, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency detected according to JC/T1074-2008 standard can reach more than 90%; the formaldehyde purification efficiency after 3 ten thousand times of washing can reach 80 percent; has good air purification performance.
Because the pores on the brick surface are in certain amount, if the amount is more than 70g/m2The first is extravagant, becomes cost-push, and the second is because the solid content increases, influences polishing effect, and the problem that polishing can not play light can appear in the brick face. And less, the photocatalytic effect is not good.
Examples and comparative examples
1. An air purifying ceramic tile containing air holes comprises a ceramic tile blank 1 and a glaze layer 2;
the raw materials of the glaze layer 2 comprise a base material, a foaming material and a photocatalysis material;
the foaming material comprises polishing waste residue, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and barium carbonate;
the photocatalysis material comprises bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide, bauxite and ball clay;
the foaming material forms bubbles in the fired glaze layer 2, the bubbles positioned on the surface of the glaze layer 2 form air holes 21 through polishing, the surface of the glaze layer 2 is covered with a binder layer, and modified photocatalysts are embedded in the air holes 21;
according to the weight percentage, the foaming material accounts for 0.5-1 wt% of the weight of the base material, and the photocatalytic material accounts for 8-10 wt% of the weight of the base material;
the modified photocatalyst specifically comprises titanium dioxide, bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide, fumed silica and a dispersing agent in parts by weight;
the particle sizes of the titanium dioxide, the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide are all 3-5 nm;
the photocatalytic material specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay;
the firing temperature of the glaze layer 2 is 1150-1200 ℃.
2. The preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile with the air holes comprises a semi-finished product preparation step, a modified photocatalyst preparation step, a semi-finished product polishing step and a modified photocatalyst grinding and filling step;
wherein the semi-finished product preparation step comprises the following steps:
p1) weighing 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay according to parts by weight, adding water, ball-milling and mixing uniformly to prepare a photocatalysis material mixture;
p2) adding the foaming material accounting for 0.5-1 wt% of the base material into the base material of the glaze layer 2, stirring uniformly, adding the photo-catalytic material mixture accounting for 8-10 wt% of the base material, adding water, ball-milling and stirring uniformly to obtain glaze layer 2 slurry;
p3) applying the glaze layer 2 slurry on the surface of the ceramic adobe 1 to form the glaze layer 2;
p4) sintering the glazed ceramic adobe 1 in a kiln at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product A.
The raw materials of the foaming material comprise, by weight, 50-60 parts of polishing waste residues, 0.5-1 part of silicon carbide, 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of lithium carbonate and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate.
The preparation step of the modified photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
s1) weighing 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of sodium polyacrylate with the particle sizes of 3-5 nanometers according to parts by weight to prepare photocatalyst mixed powder;
s2) adding the photocatalyst mixed powder which accounts for 5-9 wt% of the weight of the aqueous silica sol solution into the aqueous silica sol solution, uniformly stirring by using a dispersion machine, and filtering to remove undissolved particles to obtain the modified photocatalyst.
The semi-finished product polishing step comprises the following steps:
q1) polishing the semi-finished product A by a polisher until the glossiness is 30-40 degrees, and opening air bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer 2 into air holes 21 to obtain a semi-finished product B;
q2) dripping a cleaning agent on the surface of the semi-finished product B, and cleaning the glaze of the semi-finished product B by using a pappus brush;
q3) blowing the air holes 21 of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas, and then washing the semi-finished product B clean by clear water;
q4) and then blowing the air holes 21 of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas to obtain a clean semi-finished product C.
In the step Q1), the grinding head of the polisher comprises carborundum abrasive materials of a 320-400-mesh sanding module 8 group, a 600-800-mesh sanding module 4 group, a 1000-1500-mesh sanding module 4 group and a 2000-mesh sanding module 3 group;
in the step Q2), the cleaning agent is at least one of sodium hypochlorite, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 3-5% and hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3%.
The grinding, pressing and filling step of the modified photocatalyst comprises the following steps:
r1) coating an adhesive on the surface of the clean semi-finished product C to form an adhesive layer, thus obtaining a semi-finished product D;
r2) dropping the modified photocatalyst on the grinding head of the polisher with the grinding head as the fiber abrasive, and pressurizing and grinding and polishing the semi-finished product D with the pressure of 42-45MPa until the glossiness is in the same qualified range value, so that the modified photocatalyst is fully filled in the air holes 21 of the semi-finished product D in a grinding pressure manner, and the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes is prepared.
In the step R1), the adhesive is epoxy resin, polyurethane or polyethylene, and the usage amount of the adhesive is 12-18g/m2；
In the step R2), the use amount of the modified photocatalyst is 50-70g/m2。
3. Each of the examples and comparative examples was a ceramic tile produced according to the above process for producing an air-purifying ceramic tile having air holes.
4. The purification performance and the purification efficiency of the persistence of formaldehyde of the ceramic tiles prepared in the examples and the comparative examples under visible light were examined according to the building material industry execution standard JC/T1074-2008.
5. The raw material composition, process parameters and test results of each example are shown in Table 1, and the raw material composition, process parameters and test results of each comparative example are shown in Table 2.
Table 1 raw material composition, process parameters and test results of each example
Table 2 raw material composition, process parameters and test results for each ratio
The following analysis of the conditions and test results according to the above respective examples and comparative examples
1. The purification efficiency of the formaldehyde according to the execution standard JC/T1074-2008 of the building material industry is more than or equal to 75 percent of class I, and more than or equal to 80 percent of class II; the persistent purification efficiency is more than or equal to 60 percent of class I, and more than or equal to 65 percent of class II.
2. According to the detection results and related data analysis of the examples 1-6 under the irradiation of visible light, the following results can be obtained: the ceramic tiles prepared in the embodiments 1-6 have good appearance, the purification performance of formaldehyde is 91-93%, the lasting purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 75-77%, the requirements of class II standards are met and exceeded, and the lasting purification efficiency of formaldehyde is 80-81% measured after 3 ten thousand times of washing; the preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes is effective, and the prepared ceramic tile has a good harmful gas purification effect and has better washing resistance compared with the anion ceramic product in the prior art.
3. Comparative examples 1 and 2 were analysed in comparison to example 3, the differences between comparative examples 1 and 2 being: the weight parts of bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide in the raw materials of the photocatalytic material mixed powder are different and exceed the limited range value; the parts by weight of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide of the comparative example 1 are respectively 25 and 35, and are respectively lower than the minimum values 30 and 40 of 30-40 and 40-50, so that the photocatalytic effect of the comparative example 1 is insufficient, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency and durability of the comparative example 1 are obviously reduced compared with those of the example 3; the parts by weight of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide of the comparative example 2 are 45 and 55, respectively, which are higher than the highest values 40 and 50 of 30-40 and 40-50, respectively, resulting in that the contents of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide of the comparative example 2 are too high and the photocatalytic effect is sufficient, but the formaldehyde purification efficiency and durability of the comparative example 2 are not superior to those of the example 6 due to the increase of the contents of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide; therefore, it is preferable to set the ranges of the parts by weight of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide in the raw material of the composite photocatalytic material mixed powder to 30 to 40 and 40 to 50, respectively.
4. Comparative examples 3 and 4 were analyzed in comparison with example 3, the differences between comparative examples 3 and 4 being: the weight parts of bauxite and ball clay in the raw materials of the photocatalytic material mixed powder are different and exceed the limited range value; the parts by weight of the bauxite and the ball clay in the raw material of the photocatalytic material mixed powder in the comparative example 3 are respectively 15 and 12, and are respectively lower than the lowest values 20 and 15 of the range values of 20-30 and 15-30, so that the photocatalytic compounds bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide in the comparative example 3 are not sufficiently wrapped by the bauxite and the ball clay, and further, the photocatalytic efficacy is damaged more when the photocatalytic compounds are melted due to insufficient high temperature resistance, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency and the durability of the comparative example 3 are obviously reduced compared with those of the example 3; the weight parts of the bauxite and the ball clay in the comparative example 4 are respectively 33 and 34, and are respectively higher than the highest value 30 of the range values of 20-30 and 15-30, so that the proportion of the bauxite and the ball clay in the raw material of the photocatalytic material mixed powder in the comparative example 4 is higher, the contents of bismuth vanadate and bismuth oxide in the photocatalytic material mixed powder are lower under the condition of the same using amount of the photocatalytic material mixed powder, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency and durability of the comparative example 4 are obviously reduced compared with those of the example 3; therefore, it is preferable that the ranges of the parts by weight of the bauxite and the ball clay in the raw material of the photocatalytic material mixed powder are set to 20 to 30 and 15 to 30, respectively.
5. Comparative examples 5 and 6 were analyzed in comparison with example 3, and comparative examples 5 and 6 differ in that: the content of the photocatalytic mixture added in step P2) varies, exceeding a defined value in the range of 8 to 10% by weight; the addition amount of the photocatalyst mixture of comparative example 5 is 6.5 wt% of the weight of the base material, and is lower than the lowest value of the range value of 8-10 wt%, so that the content of the photocatalyst of comparative example 5 is insufficient, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency and durability of comparative example 5 are obviously reduced compared with those of example 3; the added amount of the photocatalytic material mixture of comparative example 6 was 12 wt% which is higher than the highest value of the range of 8 to 10 wt%, the photocatalytic effect was very good when the content of the photocatalytic material mixture of comparative example 6 was too high, but the negative ion-inducing amount of comparative example 6 was not enhanced by the increase in the contents of lithium tourmaline and bismuth vanadate, and the formaldehyde purification efficiency and durability of comparative example 7 were both better than those of example 3 but did not exceed the effect of example 6; therefore, it is preferable to set the amount of the photocatalytic mixture added in the step P2) to a value in the range of 8 to 10 wt%.
6. Comparative examples 7 and 8 were analyzed in comparison with example 3, and comparative examples 7 and 8 were different in that: the firing temperatures of the overglaze in the step P2) are different and exceed the range of 1150-1200 ℃; the firing temperatures of the overglaze of comparative examples 7 and 8 were 1000-1100 ℃ and 1200-1250 ℃, respectively; the firing temperature of the overglaze of the comparative example 7 is too low, so that the overglaze of the comparative example 9 is fired, and the necessary glaze surface function is lost; the firing temperature of the comparative example 8 is higher than the heat-resistant temperature of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide in the overglaze, so that the structures of the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide in the prepared overglaze are damaged, the formaldehyde purification efficiency and the durability of the comparative example 8 are greatly reduced compared with those of the example 3, the formaldehyde purification efficiency and the durability of the comparative example 8 are poorer than those of the comparative examples 1-6, and the requirements of I-type standards cannot be met; therefore, it is preferable that the sintering temperature of the overglaze in the step P2) is set to the range of 1150-1200 ℃.
7. Comparative examples 9 and 10 were analyzed in comparison with example 3, and comparative examples 9 and 10 differ in that: the amount of foaming material added in step P2) varies, exceeding a defined value in the range of 0.5 to 1% by weight; the amount of the foaming material added in step P2) of comparative example 9 is 0.3 wt% based on the weight of the base and less than the minimum value of 0.5 wt% in the range of 0.5 to 1 wt%, resulting in that the glaze layer 2 of comparative example 9 contains less bubbles and the amount of the modified photocatalyst which can be additionally inserted into the pores 21 is also less, resulting in that the formaldehyde-purifying efficiency and durability of comparative example 9 are lower than those of examples 1 to 6, and they do not all meet the requirements of class ii standard; the amount of the foaming material added in step P2) of comparative example 10 is 1.3 wt% of the weight of the base material, and is higher than the highest value 1 wt% of the range value of 0.5 to 1 wt%, resulting in excessive bubbles in the glaze layer 2 of comparative example 10, and the fired glaze has protrusions formed by the bubbles, resulting in disqualification of the appearance of comparative example 10; therefore, it is preferable to set the amount of the foaming material added in step P2) to a value in the range of 0.5 to 1% by weight based on the weight of the base.
In conclusion, the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, provided by the invention, has the advantages that the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide contained in the glaze are substances with dielectric property and far infrared ray functions, and have the function of mutually strengthening the photocatalytic function; and contains a foaming material which generates bubbles in the glaze during high-temperature firing to form pores 21 during firing, and the photocatalytic efficacy of the air-purifying ceramic tile containing pores can be further improved by additionally embedding a modified photocatalyst into the pores 21 of the glaze layer 2.
The air holes 21 can absorb moisture or harmful gas in the air, and the modified photocatalyst in the air holes 21 can remove the contained harmful substances to achieve the effect of purifying the air
The air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes and fired at the high temperature of over 1100 ℃ has good hardness and friction resistance, and has better washing and brushing resistance durability than the air purification ceramic tile in the prior art
The air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, which is prepared by the invention, has good formaldehyde removal effect, high formaldehyde purification efficiency and good washing and brushing resistance durability.
The invention provides a preparation process for preparing the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes, various performances of the prepared photocatalytic negative ion ceramic tile meet the national standard requirements, and under the irradiation of visible light, the formaldehyde purification efficiency detected according to JC/T1074-2008 standard can reach more than 90%, and can meet the II-type requirements of JC/T1074-2008 standard; the lasting purification efficiency of formaldehyde after 3 ten thousand times of washing is more than 80 percent; has good air purification performance and washing and brushing resistance durability.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An air purification ceramic tile containing air holes is characterized by comprising a ceramic tile blank and a glaze layer;
the raw materials of the glaze layer comprise a base material, a foaming material and a photocatalysis material;
the foaming material comprises polishing waste residue, silicon carbide, calcium carbonate, lithium carbonate and barium carbonate;
the photocatalytic material comprises bismuth vanadate, bismuth oxide, bauxite and ball clay;
the foaming material forms bubbles in a fired glaze layer, the bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer form air holes after being polished, the surface of the glaze layer is covered with an adhesive layer, and modified photocatalysts are embedded in the air holes;
according to the weight percentage, the foaming material accounts for 0.5-1 wt% of the weight of the base material, and the photocatalytic material accounts for 8-10 wt% of the weight of the base material;
the adhesive is epoxy resin, polyurethane or polyethylene;
the modified photocatalyst specifically comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of a dispersant;
the photocatalytic material specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay;
the firing temperature of the glaze layer is 1150-1200 ℃.
2. The air purifying ceramic tile containing air holes of claim 1, wherein the dispersant is sodium polyacrylate;
the particle diameters of the titanium dioxide, the bismuth vanadate and the bismuth oxide are all 3-5 nm.
3. A preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes is characterized by being used for preparing the air purification ceramic tile containing the air holes in the claim 1 or 2, and comprising a semi-finished product preparation step, a modified photocatalyst preparation step, a semi-finished product polishing step and a modified photocatalyst grinding and pressing filling step;
wherein the semi-finished product preparation step comprises the following steps:
p1), weighing 30-40 parts of bismuth vanadate, 40-50 parts of bismuth oxide, 20-30 parts of bauxite and 15-30 parts of ball clay according to the parts by weight, adding water, and ball-milling and mixing uniformly to prepare a photocatalysis material mixture;
p2) adding the foaming material accounting for 0.5-1 wt% of the weight of the base material into the base material of the glaze layer, uniformly stirring, adding the photo-catalytic material mixture accounting for 8-10 wt% of the weight of the base material, adding water, ball-milling and uniformly stirring to obtain glaze layer slurry;
p3) applying the glaze layer slurry on the surface of a ceramic green brick to form the glaze layer;
p4) sintering the glazed ceramic adobe in a kiln at the temperature of 1150-1200 ℃ to obtain a semi-finished product A.
4. The preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile with the air holes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the raw materials of the foaming material comprise, by weight, 50-60 parts of polishing waste residues, 0.5-1 part of silicon carbide, 2-3 parts of calcium carbonate, 0.5-1 part of lithium carbonate and 5-10 parts of barium carbonate.
5. The process for preparing the air purification ceramic tile with air holes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the modified photocatalyst preparation step comprises:
s1) weighing 10-15 parts of titanium dioxide with the particle size of 3-5 nanometers, 25-30 parts of bismuth vanadate, 8-12 parts of bismuth oxide, 3-5 parts of fumed silica and 1-2 parts of sodium polyacrylate according to parts by weight to prepare photocatalyst mixed powder;
s2) adding the photocatalyst mixed powder which accounts for 5-9 wt% of the weight of the aqueous silica sol solution into the aqueous silica sol solution, uniformly stirring by using a dispersion machine, and filtering to remove undissolved particles to obtain the modified photocatalyst.
6. The process for preparing an air-porous air-purifying ceramic tile as claimed in claim 3, wherein said semi-finished polishing step comprises:
q1) polishing the semi-finished product A by a polisher until the glossiness is 30-40 degrees, and opening bubbles on the surface of the glaze layer into air holes to obtain a semi-finished product B;
q2) dripping a cleaning agent on the surface of the semi-finished product B, and cleaning the glaze surface of the semi-finished product B by using a soft brush;
q3) blowing the air holes of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas, and then washing the air holes of the semi-finished product B clean by clear water;
q4) and then blowing the air holes of the semi-finished product B clean by high-pressure gas to obtain a clean semi-finished product C.
7. The preparation process of the air purification ceramic tile with air holes as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step Q1), the grinding head of the polisher comprises emery abrasives of 8 groups of 320-400 mesh grinding modules, 4 groups of 600-800 mesh grinding modules, 4 groups of 1000-1500 mesh grinding modules and 3 groups of 2000-mesh grinding modules;
in the step Q2), the cleaning agent is at least one of sodium hypochlorite, hydrofluoric acid with the mass concentration of 3-5% and hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3%.
8. The process for preparing the air purification ceramic tile with air holes as claimed in claim 6, wherein the modified photocatalyst is ground, pressed and filled, and comprises the following steps:
r1) coating an adhesive on the surface of the clean semi-finished product C to form an adhesive layer, thus obtaining a semi-finished product D;
r2) dropping the modified photocatalyst on the grinding head of the polisher with the grinding head as the fiber abrasive, and pressurizing and grinding and polishing the semi-finished product D with the pressure of 42-45MPa until the glossiness is in the same qualified range value, so that the modified photocatalyst is fully filled in the pores of the semi-finished product D in a grinding pressure manner, and the air purification ceramic tile containing the pores is prepared.
9. The process for preparing the air-purifying ceramic tile with air holes as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the step R1), the amount of the adhesive used is 12-18g/m2；
In the step R2), the use amount of the modified photocatalyst is 50-70g/m2。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011151704.0A CN112358181B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Air purification ceramic tile containing air holes and preparation process thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011151704.0A CN112358181B (en) | 2020-10-26 | 2020-10-26 | Air purification ceramic tile containing air holes and preparation process thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112358181A CN112358181A (en) | 2021-02-12 |
| CN112358181B true CN112358181B (en) | 2022-07-22 |
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| CN113248287B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-08 | 佛山瑭虹釉料科技有限公司 | Formaldehyde-removing ceramic tile and preparation method thereof |
| CN113264782B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-02 | 佛山市东鹏陶瓷发展有限公司 | Preparation method of ceramic tile easy to clean and product thereof |
| CN114403564A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-04-29 | 广东顺德周大福珠宝制造有限公司 | Jewelry and surface treatment method thereof |
| CN115677383B (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2023-10-20 | 广西欧神诺陶瓷有限公司 | Glazed tile prepared from polished waste residues and preparation method thereof |
| CN116751076B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2023-10-31 | 广东探索陶瓷有限公司 | Preparation method of photocatalyst formaldehyde-removing ceramic tile |
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