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CN112367673B - User position information auxiliary millimeter wave access and tracking process considering reflected wave beam - Google Patents

User position information auxiliary millimeter wave access and tracking process considering reflected wave beam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112367673B
CN112367673B CN202011199803.6A CN202011199803A CN112367673B CN 112367673 B CN112367673 B CN 112367673B CN 202011199803 A CN202011199803 A CN 202011199803A CN 112367673 B CN112367673 B CN 112367673B
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user
service
macro
information
trp
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CN112367673A (en
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张鸿涛
赵嘉怡
武丹阳
陈雨晴
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/28—Cell structures using beam steering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提出了一种基于用户位置的毫米波接入和跟踪流程。具体的，宏gNB侧维护“位置‑波束成形路径记录表”，初始接入时，gNB通过查表为用户选择最优波束进行初始接入，避免详尽波束扫描，若表中没有对应的记录，用户测量波束扫描路径集合(所有TRP到用户的直射和反射路径)中各信号的质量反馈给宏站侧，宏站选择SINR值最大的波束为用户服务，同时将该位置的最优波束信息添加到“位置‑波束成形路径记录表”中。用户周期性检测服务波束SINR质量，设定了两个阈值，若服务波束质量良好，则无需上报位置信息，若服务波束质量低于第一阈值，结合基站侧的记录表，决定是否切换或使用反射波束进行服务，避免不必要的兵乓切换。

The present invention proposes a millimeter wave access and tracking process based on user location. Specifically, the macro gNB side maintains a "position-beamforming path record table". During initial access, the gNB selects the optimal beam for the user for initial access by looking up the table to avoid exhaustive beam scanning. If there is no corresponding record in the table, the user measures the quality of each signal in the beam scanning path set (all direct and reflected paths from TRP to the user) and feeds it back to the macro station side. The macro station selects the beam with the largest SINR value to serve the user, and adds the optimal beam information of the location to the "position-beamforming path record table". The user periodically detects the SINR quality of the service beam and sets two thresholds. If the service beam quality is good, there is no need to report the location information. If the service beam quality is lower than the first threshold, combined with the record table on the base station side, it decides whether to switch or use the reflected beam for service to avoid unnecessary ping-pong switching.

Description

User position information auxiliary millimeter wave access and tracking process considering reflected wave beam
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to research on millimeter wave access and tracking flow based on user position in a fifth generation mobile communication system (the 5th generation is called as 5G for short).
Background
The rapid development of mobile internet and intelligent terminals brings about explosive growth of mobile data service, and data traffic presents exponential growth. These changes have led to industry discussions of fifth generation (5G) mobile communications. Future networks will face significant challenges including greater capacity, lower latency, etc. And millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is one of the key technologies of the fifth generation mobile communication, and the capacity of a link can be effectively improved by utilizing the huge bandwidth of the millimeter wave range. The first serious challenge in implementing millimeter wave communication is path loss, and in order to compensate for the serious path loss of millimeter wave transmission, a millimeter wave base station generally adopts a large-scale antenna array for narrow beam transmission, so that transmission energy can be effectively concentrated in a certain area or direction. However, millimeter wave directional transmissions are very sensitive to congestion and even cause connection breaks, which also present new challenges for the establishment and maintenance of millimeter wave links.
Initial access (INITIAL ACCESS) refers to the process of establishing an initial connection between a user and the core network, which is a key prerequisite for any subsequent communication. How to make an initial access connection in an mmWave network is one of the main challenges of initial access design, mainly because, first, the mmWave link generally requires a highly directional beam to achieve a sufficient signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR), but the UE and TRP do not know the direction of the transmit and receive beams during initial access. Therefore, the UE and the TRP have to search for each other's transmit and receive beam directions in a large beam space. Second, since mmWave communication is implemented using highly directional beams, mmWave links are easily blocked or beam misalignment is caused by user movement, placing higher demands on robustness of procedures such as initial access, beam tracking, mobility management, and handover.
Research has been carried out for a long time to show that millimeter waves have good reflection performance, the power of a reflected beam is far greater than the noise level, and recent experimental research has found that if the size of an obstacle is proper, the difference between the received power of the reflected beam of an indirect link and the received power of a direct free space of the same link distance is very small, thus proving the feasibility of the reflected beam for serving users.
The traditional millimeter wave beam access method is that when the base station side and the user side both use area array antennas (UPA) (unique PLANAR ARRAY, ULA), compared with the linear antenna arrays (unique LINEAR ARRAY, ULA), the beam alignment and beam tracking scanning cost is larger, the user position information assisted beam scanning method determines the beam scanning direction (namely the direction pointing to the user position) according to the user position, so that the scanning range is reduced, but reflected beams with good link quality are omitted, and meanwhile, the direct link is easily blocked by obstacles, and a large amount of ping-pong switching can be caused.
Aiming at the problems that the traditional beam scanning cost is high, the beam scanning method assisted by the user position information cannot exert the coverage potential of the reflected beam and the frequent switching is caused, and the like in the scheme, it is necessary to design a millimeter wave access and tracking flow based on the user position, wherein the millimeter wave access and tracking flow is considered by the reflected beam.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention considers the frequent switching problem caused by the existing millimeter wave access and tracking flow, exerts the coverage potential of the reflected wave beam, particularly in the millimeter wave dense urban area scene, has rich reflected wave beam components, and provides the millimeter wave access flow based on the user position and the reflected wave beam, thereby improving the defect of the existing user position information-assisted wave beam access method. And when the quality of the service beam in the initial beam access or tracking process of the user is lower than a second threshold value, the gNB can check a 'position-beam forming path record table' according to the position information of the user, and select an optimal beam forming path to perform initial beam access so as to avoid complex detailed beam scanning. When the direct beam quality of the serving cell does not meet the service requirement and the reflected beam quality meets the service requirement, the reflected beam can be used for service, thereby avoiding frequent switching of users. The macro-station gNB controls a plurality of TRPs in the coverage area and is responsible for the scheduling of user service stations and the selection of direct beams and reflected beams.
The millimeter wave access and tracking flow based on the user position and the reflected wave beam is described as follows:
Step 200, a user is associated with a macro station gNB. The UE listens to the system information to acquire PRACH channel configuration of the macro station gNB, realizes downlink synchronization with the macro station, and sends a Preamble code, namely a random access Preamble, to the gNB, and simultaneously reports own position information to the macro station.
In step 210, after receiving the Preamble of the user, the macro station gNB sends a random access response signal, that is, a Random Access Response (RAR), to the UE, so that the UE can uplink synchronize with the macro gNB, and meanwhile, the macro gNB searches a "location-beamforming path record table" according to the location of the user, where the "location-beamforming path record table" records some discrete location points in the coverage area of the macro base station, the optimal service TRP when the user is at the location, the configuration information of the optimal service beam pair, and whether the service beam is a reflection beam. If the current user's location has been recorded, go to step 220, and if the current user's location has not been recorded, go to step 230. The fact that the current position of the user is recorded means that the distance between the recorded position point and the current position of the user is smaller than a distance threshold d.
Step 220, the macro gNB obtains the optimal service TRP and the beam pair configuration information according to the table lookup result, the macro gNB transmits the user information and the beam pair configuration information to the optimal service TRP, simultaneously transmits the optimal service TRP information and the beam pair configuration information to the user, the optimal service TRP and the user receive the indication information of the macro gNB, complete correlation by utilizing the optimal beam pair configuration information, and then enter a beam tracking process, namely step 240.
Step 230, if there is no information corresponding to the current user position in the current "position-beamforming path record table", the macro gNB determines a beam scanning path set according to the position information of all TRPs in the user and coverage area, wherein the beam scanning path set refers to the direct beam paths and the reflected beam paths from all TRPs to the user, the macro gNB notifies all beam marks and information in the beam scanning path set to the user side, and simultaneously notifies beams in the cell scanning set in the beam scanning path set, the user receives downlink reference signals of different beams of each cell, the measured reference signal SINR is fed back to the base station side, and the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio between the UE i and the TRP j is expressed as
In the above formula (1), the beamforming gain from the transmitting end to the receiving end isWherein H i,j is a channel matrix between TRP i and UE j,For the beamforming matrix at the receiving end,And W is the bandwidth of the wave beam, and N 0 is the power spectrum density. The macro gNB selects the service beam with the largest SINR value from the measurement information feedback sent by the user to provide service for the user, and adds the optimal beam information of the position into a 'position-beam forming path record table', informs the user side and the TRP side of completing association, and then enters a beam tracking process, namely step 240.
Step 240, the user periodically detects the quality of the service beam pair SINR, and gives two SINR boundaries η 1 and η 2(η2＜η1), when the service beam pair SINR is greater than a first threshold η 1 (i.e. SINR > η 1), the location information is not reported to the macro station, and the step returns to step 240; when the SINR of the service beam pair is larger than a second threshold value eta 2 and smaller than a first threshold value eta 1 (namely eta 2＜SINR＜η1), the user reports the position of the user to the macro station, the macro station searches a 'position-beam forming path record table' according to the current position of the user, if the related information of the current position exists in the table, the macro station checks whether the current service TRP is the optimal service TRP, if yes, the macro station sends optimal beam configuration information to the service small station according to the information in the table, the macro gNB further checks whether the current service beam is a direct beam, if not, the macro gNB further checks whether the current service beam is considered to be a direct beam, if yes, the performance degradation of the beam is possibly caused by the blocking of an obstacle, the macro station is notified to activate a reflected beam, the reflected beam is measured, if the SINR of the reflected beam is larger than the first threshold value eta 1, the reflected beam is used as the service beam, if the SINR of the reflected beam is smaller than the first threshold value eta 1, the user is considered to be far away from the TRP providing the connection, the optimal service TRP and the optimal beam configuration information is sent to the current service TRP, if the service beam is considered to be the reflected beam, if the current service beam is considered to be the reflected beam, the user is considered to be far away from the TRP providing the connection, the TRP, the user is considered to be far from the current service TRP, and the current service information is not connected, and the optimal service position is initially sent to be far from the current service position, namely, and the current position is indicated to be the current position is not equal to a threshold value, and is indicated to be the current position, and is opposite to the current position is 200, the current service beam cannot meet the link performance requirement, and the user sends a signal with too low link performance to the service small station to enter the next step.
Step 250, the service TRP makes the following operations according to the information sent by the macro station, if the service small station receives the initial access indication information of the macro station, the service small station informs the user to perform initial beam access, if the service small station receives the optimal beam configuration information sent by the macro station, the beam direction is adjusted according to the configuration information, the step 200 is returned, and if the current service TRP receives new optimal service TRP and beam pair configuration information, the new optimal service TRP and the user are simultaneously informed to perform TRP switching.
Advantageous effects
The invention considers the frequent switching problem caused by the existing millimeter wave access and tracking flow, exerts the coverage potential of the reflected wave beam, particularly in the millimeter wave dense urban area scene, has rich reflected wave beam components, and provides the millimeter wave access flow based on the user position and the reflected wave beam, thereby improving the defect of the existing user position information-assisted wave beam access method. The macro gNB maintains a "location-beam forming path record table" that records a number of discrete location points within the macro base station coverage area, the best service TRP when the user is at that location, the best service beam pair configuration information, and whether the service beam is a reflected beam. When a user is accessed to an initial beam, the gNB can search a 'position-beam forming path record list' according to the position information of the user, select an optimal beam forming path to access the initial beam, avoid complex detailed beam scanning, if no corresponding record exists in the list, the macro gNB determines a beam scanning path set according to the position information of all TRPs in the user and the coverage area, the beam scanning path set refers to a direct beam path and a reflected beam path from all TRPs to the user, the scanning range of the path set is far smaller than that of the traditional beam scanning, the reflected path is included in the beam scanning range, the beam candidate set is reasonably increased, the performance of a service beam selected by the user is better, beams in a small station scanning set in the beam scanning path set are measured by the user, downlink reference signals of different beams of all small stations are fed back to a base station side, the macro gNB selects a service beam with the largest SINR value from measurement information feedback sent by the user to provide service for the user, and meanwhile the optimal beam information of the position is added into the 'position-beam forming path record list'. When the direct beam quality of the serving cell does not meet the service requirement and the reflected beam quality meets the service requirement, the reflected beam can be used for service, thereby avoiding frequent switching of users.
Compared with the traditional detailed beam scanning access method, the method has the advantages that the time delay and signaling cost of beam scanning are smaller, compared with the traditional beam access method assisted by the user position information, the method considers the reflection direction when determining the beam forming path set, properly increases the complexity, simultaneously exerts the coverage potential of the reflection beam, ensures better link performance of the service beam pair, and simultaneously reduces ping-pong switching caused by temporary shielding of a building.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a user location information-assisted millimeter wave access and tracking procedure scenario taking reflected beams into consideration in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a "position-beamforming path record table" maintained by the macro gNB side "
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of the user location information assisted millimeter wave initial access taking into account reflected beams according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of the present invention for assisting millimeter wave tracking in consideration of user position information of reflected beams;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an algorithm implementation of the present invention;
Detailed Description
System architecture or scenario for application of the present invention
The access and tracking method of the present invention is mainly applied to millimeter wave cellular networks, as shown in fig. 1, macro gNB maintains a "position-beam forming path record table" which records some discrete position points in the coverage area of macro base station, the optimal service TRP when the user is at the position, the optimal service beam pair configuration information, and whether the service beam is a reflected beam.
A user can establish association with nearby TRPs through a millimeter wave direct beam or a reflected beam, the gNB covers a plurality of TRPs in a control range and is responsible for user beam switching and site scheduling decision, in order to avoid frequent ping pong switching, when the direct beam does not meet the service requirement, whether the reflected beam meets the service requirement is measured, and if so, site switching does not occur, but the reflected beam is used for service.
When a user is accessed to an initial beam, the gNB can search a 'position-beam forming path record list' according to the position information of the user, select an optimal beam forming path to perform initial beam access, avoid complex detailed beam scanning, if no corresponding record exists in the list, the macro gNB determines a beam scanning path set according to the position information of all TRPs in the user and the coverage area, wherein the beam scanning path set refers to the direct beam paths and the reflected beam paths of all TRPs to the user, the beams in the small station scanning set in the beam scanning path set, the user measures downlink reference signals of different beams of each small station and feeds back the downlink reference signals to a base station side, and the macro gNB selects a service beam with the maximum SINR value from measurement information feedback sent by the user to provide services for the user and simultaneously adds the optimal beam information of the position into the 'position-beam forming path record list'.
User location information considering reflected beams assists millimeter wave access and tracking procedure implementation steps
The user position information auxiliary millimeter wave access and tracking flow considering the reflected wave beam mainly comprises an initial wave beam access process and a wave beam tracking process. The macro gNB establishes a "position-beam forming path record table" which records some discrete position points in the coverage area of the macro base station, the optimal service TRP when the user is at the position, the optimal service beam pair configuration information and whether the service beam is a reflection beam or not, and updates and maintains the position-beam forming path record table in the subsequent use process, as shown in fig. 2.
1) Initial beam access procedure
Fig. 3 shows a user initial beam access procedure. The user is associated with macro station gNB. The UE listens to the system information to acquire PRACH channel configuration of the macro station gNB, realizes downlink synchronization with the macro station, and sends a Preamble code, namely a random access Preamble, to the gNB, and simultaneously reports own position information to the macro station.
After the macro station gNB receives the Preamble of the user, it sends a random access response signal, that is, a Random Access Response (RAR), to the UE, so that the UE can uplink synchronize with the macro gNB, and the macro gNB searches for a "location-beamforming path record table" according to the user location. If the distance between the recorded position and the user position in the table is smaller than the distance threshold d, the user position is considered to be recorded, the position point closest to the user in the table is used for replacing the user position, and if the distance between all the recorded position points in the table and the user is larger than the threshold d, the user position is considered not to be recorded. If the current user position is recorded, the macro gNB obtains optimal service TRP and beam pair configuration information according to a table lookup result, the macro gNB transmits the user information and the beam pair configuration information to the optimal service TRP, and simultaneously transmits the optimal service TRP information and the beam pair configuration information to the user, and the optimal service TRP and the user receive indication information of the macro gNB and complete correlation by utilizing the optimal beam pair configuration information. If the current user position is not recorded, the macro gNB determines a beam scanning path set according to the position information of all TRPs in the user and the coverage area, wherein the beam scanning path set refers to a direct beam path and a reflected beam path from all TRPs to the user, the macro gNB informs all beam marks and information in the beam scanning path set to the user side, meanwhile informs beams in a small station scanning set in the beam scanning path set, the user receives downlink reference signals of different beams of each small station, the macro gNB selects a service beam with the largest SINR value from measurement information feedback sent by the user to provide service for the user, and meanwhile, adds optimal beam information of the position into a 'position-beam forming path record table', and informs the user side and the TRP side of finishing association.
2) Beam tracking process
Fig. 4 shows a user beam tracking process. The user periodically detects the quality of the serving beam pair SINR, given two SINR boundaries η 1 and η 2(η2＜η1), and when the serving beam pair SINR is greater than a first threshold η 1 (i.e. SINR > η 1), the periodic detection is continued without reporting location information to the macro station. When the SINR of the service beam pair is larger than a second threshold value eta 2 and smaller than a first threshold value eta 1 (namely eta 2＜SINR＜η1), the user reports the position of the user to the macro station, the macro station searches a 'position-beam forming path record table' according to the current position of the user, if related information of the current position exists in the table, the macro station checks whether the current service TRP is an optimal service TRP, if yes, optimal beam configuration information is sent to the service cell station according to the information in the table, the macro gNB further checks whether the current service beam is a direct beam or not, if not, the macro gNB further checks whether the current service beam is considered to be a direct beam, if yes, the performance degradation of the beam is possibly caused by blocking of an obstacle, the macro station is informed to activate a reflected beam, the reflected beam quality is measured, if the SINR of the reflected beam is larger than the first threshold value eta 1, the reflected beam is used as the service beam, if the SINR of the reflected beam is smaller than the first threshold value eta 1, the user is considered to be far away from the TRP providing a connection to the TRP, the optimal service TRP and the optimal beam configuration information is sent to the current service TRP, if the service beam is considered to be the current service TRP, if the current beam is considered to be the reflected beam, the current service beam is considered to be the TRP which is far away from the user connection, and the current TRP is not provided to be connected, and the optimal service information is initially sent to the current service TRP is not considered to be initially indicated to be accessed to the current service information. When the SINR of the service beam pair is smaller than a second threshold eta 2 (namely SINR < eta 2), namely the current service beam cannot meet the link performance requirement, the user sends a signal with too low link performance to the service small station, the service TRP performs the following operation according to the information sent by the macro station, if the service small station receives the initial access indication information of the macro station, the service small station is informed of carrying out initial beam access, and if the current service TRP receives new optimal service TRP and beam pair configuration information, the service small station is informed of simultaneously carrying out switching of the TRP and the user.
Technical effects of implementation of the inventive scheme
The invention considers the frequent switching problem caused by the existing millimeter wave access and tracking flow, exerts the coverage potential of the reflected wave beam, particularly in the millimeter wave dense urban area scene, has rich reflected wave beam components, and provides the millimeter wave access flow based on the user position and the reflected wave beam, thereby improving the defect of the existing user position information-assisted wave beam access method. When the macro gNB maintains a 'position-beam forming path record table', and a user initial beam is accessed, the gNB can search the 'position-beam forming path record table' according to the user position information, select an optimal beam forming path to perform initial beam access, avoid complex detailed beam scanning, if no corresponding record exists in the table, the macro gNB determines a beam scanning path set according to the position information of all TRPs in the user and the coverage area, wherein the beam scanning path set refers to a direct beam path and a reflected beam path from all TRPs to the user, the scanning range according to the path set is far smaller than the traditional beam scanning, and meanwhile, the reflected path is included in the beam scanning range, so that the beam candidate set is reasonably increased, and the service beam pair performance selected by the user is better. The method comprises the steps that a small station in a beam scanning path set scans beams in the set, a user measures downlink reference signals of different beams of each small station and feeds the downlink reference signals back to a base station side, a macro gNB selects a service beam with the largest SINR value from measurement information feedback sent by the user to provide service for the user, and meanwhile optimal beam information of the position is added into a position-beam forming path record table. When the direct beam quality of the serving cell does not meet the service requirement and the reflected beam quality meets the service requirement, the reflected beam can be used for service, thereby avoiding frequent switching of users.
Compared with the traditional detailed beam scanning access method, the method has the advantages that the time delay and signaling cost of beam scanning are smaller, compared with the traditional beam access method assisted by the user position information, the method considers the reflection direction when determining the beam forming path set, properly increases the complexity, simultaneously exerts the coverage potential of the reflection beam, ensures better link performance of the service beam pair, and simultaneously reduces ping-pong switching caused by temporary shielding of a building.

Claims (1)

1.一种基于用户位置的毫米波接入和跟踪方法，其特征在于，宏gNB维护一个“位置-波束成形路径记录表”，所述“位置-波束成形路径记录表”记录了宏基站覆盖区域内一些离散的位置点、用户处于该位置时的最优服务TRP、最优服务波束对配置信息以及该服务波束是否为反射波束；用户初始波束接入时，gNB可根据用户位置信息查“位置-波束成形路径记录表”，选择最优波束成形路径进行初始波束接入，避免复杂的详尽波束扫描，若表中没有对应的记录，则宏gNB根据用户及覆盖区域内所有TRP的位置信息，确定波束扫描路径集合，所述波束扫描路径集合是指所有TRP到用户的直射波束路径和反射波束路径，处于波束扫描路径集合中的小站扫描集合中的波束，用户测量各个小站的不同波束的下行参考信号并反馈给基站侧，宏gNB从用户发来的测量信息反馈中选择SINR值最大的服务波束为用户提供服务，同时将该位置的最优波束信息添加到“位置-波束成形路径记录表”中；当服务小站的直射波束质量不满足服务要求而反射波束质量满足服务要求时，可使用反射波束进行服务，从而避免用户在TRP间频繁切换；用户周期性检测服务波束对SINR质量，给定两个SINR界限η1和η2；当服务波束对SINR大于第一阈值η1时，停止上报位置信息；当服务波束对SINR大于第二阈值η2且小于第一阈值η1时用户向宏站上报自己的位置，宏站根据用户当前位置通过查找“位置-波束成形路径记录表”，如果表内存在当前位置的相关信息，宏站查验当前服务TRP是不是最优服务TRP，若是，则根据表中信息向服务小站发送最优波束配置信息，通知小站做波束调整，若不是，宏gNB进一步查看当前服务波束是否为直射波束，若是，则认为波束性能下降是障碍物的阻挡引起的，通知小站激活反射波束，测量反射波束质量，若反射波束SINR大于第一阈值η1，则用反射波束作为服务波束，若反射波束SINR小于第一阈值η1，认为用户已经远离提供波束对连接的TRP，用户将进入切换准备状态，若当前服务波束已为反射波束，则也认为用户已经远离提供波束对连接的TRP，用户进入切换准备状态，若表内不存在当前位置的相关信息，gNB向当前服务TRP发送初始接入指示信息；当服务波束对SINR小于第二阈值η2时，用户向服务小站发送链路性能过低信号，服务TRP根据宏站发来的信息通知用户切换或初始接入。1. A millimeter wave access and tracking method based on user location, characterized in that the macro gNB maintains a "position-beamforming path record table", which records some discrete location points in the coverage area of the macro base station, the optimal service TRP when the user is at the location, the optimal service beam pair configuration information, and whether the service beam is a reflection beam; when the user initially beam accesses, the gNB can query the "position-beamforming path record table" according to the user location information, select the optimal beamforming path for initial beam access, and avoid complex and detailed beam scanning. If there is no corresponding record in the table, the macro gNB determines the beam scanning path set according to the location information of the user and all TRPs in the coverage area. The beam scanning path set refers to the direct beam path and reflected beam path from all TRPs to the user. The small stations in the beam scanning path set scan the beams in the set. The user measures the downlink reference signals of different beams of each small station and feeds them back to the base station side. The macro gNB selects the service beam with the largest SINR value from the measurement information feedback sent by the user to provide services to the user, and adds the optimal beam information of the position to the "position-beamforming path record table"; when the direct beam quality of the service small station does not meet the service requirements but the reflected beam quality meets the service requirements, the reflected beam can be used for service, thereby avoiding frequent switching of users between TRPs; the user periodically detects the SINR quality of the service beam, and gives two SINR limits η 1 and η 2 ; when the service beam pair SINR is greater than the first threshold η 1 , stop reporting the location information; when the service beam pair SINR is greater than the second threshold η 2 and less than the first threshold η 1 , the user reports his position to the macro station, and the macro station searches the "position-beamforming path record table" according to the user's current position. If the table contains relevant information about the current position, the macro station checks whether the current service TRP is the optimal service TRP. If so, it sends the optimal beam configuration information to the serving small station according to the information in the table, and notifies the small station to make beam adjustment. If not, the macro gNB further checks whether the current service beam is a direct beam. If so, it is considered that the degradation of beam performance is caused by obstruction of obstacles, and the small station is notified to activate the reflected beam and measure the quality of the reflected beam. If the reflected beam SINR is greater than the first threshold η 1 , the reflected beam is used as the service beam. If the reflected beam SINR is less than the first threshold η 1 , it is considered that the user is far away from the TRP that provides the beam pair connection, and the user will enter the switching preparation state. If the current service beam is a reflected beam, it is also considered that the user is far away from the TRP that provides the beam pair connection, and the user enters the switching preparation state. If there is no relevant information about the current position in the table, the gNB sends initial access indication information to the current service TRP; when the service beam pair SINR is less than the second threshold η 2 , the user sends a link performance too low signal to the service base station, and the service TRP notifies the user to switch or initially access according to the information sent by the macro base station.
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