CN112369465B - A lamination device and lamination method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a film coating device, comprising a raw material processing system and a gas phase system which are communicated with each other. The flow equalization chamber under the rotary raw material processing platform, the gas phase system includes a reaction chamber and a heater, the reaction chamber is arranged inside the heater, and the reaction chamber is communicated with the equalization chamber through a gas exchange pipeline , the reaction chamber communicates with the external gas through a gas configuration pipeline. Also disclosed is a method of film coating using a coating device. The coated seeds control the exchange of substances between themselves and the outside world to the lowest point, so as to achieve the purpose of anti-deliquescence, anti-oxidation, anti-mold and increase the shelf life. At the same time, it avoids changing the structure and even the microscopic morphology of its surface, so as not to damage its taste and functionality. The vapor deposition process is controllable, the structure is simple, and the operation process is integrated.

Description

A coating device and coating method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of processing and preservation of seed foods such as nuts, in particular to a film coating device and a method for coating seeds food such as nuts through the device.

Background technique

With the improvement of living standards, seed food such as nuts has become an important and indispensable snack food in people's daily life. Nuts contain a lot of vitamins and minerals. Moderate consumption of nuts can promote physical development, enhance physical fitness, protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular health, prevent diseases, and resist aging. However, while seed foods such as nuts have become national food, their short storage and shelf life has also become a prominent problem. There are many cases of waste and economic loss due to imperfect storage conditions. For example, the Food and Drug Administration has exposed that a certain nut food from a well-known e-commerce company has exceeded the mold.

At present, most of the market defaults to attach a layer of protective film to the surface of seed foods such as nuts, which is an effective way to solve the preservation and short shelf life of seed foods such as nuts. Most merchants use liquid substances such as syrup to spray to form sugar coating to ensure the quality of seed foods such as vertical fruit. Although this method can effectively ensure the internal quality, it cannot solve the problem of long-term storage. Once the sugar coating of the shell is exposed in the In the air, it is easy to absorb moisture, breed mold, and at the same time destroy the structure and even the microscopic appearance of the seed surface, affecting the taste and functionality of the seed and nut food.

Therefore, it has become an important task to find and prepare a protective film that does not absorb a large amount of water, does not provide a living environment for molds, and does not destroy its taste, which is of great significance in the preservation of seeds.

After consulting similar technologies in the market, it is found that after treating seed food by vapor deposition method, it has the following advantages compared with the technology currently adopted in the market: on the one hand, the original seed food taste and color will not change; on the other hand, The surface of the food is isolated from the outside air, and the internal properties are stable, which can retain the original nutrients to a greater extent. At the same time, the original internal moisture will not be lost, nor will it absorb external moisture, providing an unfavorable environment for mold survival, thus ensuring Food quality is guaranteed, increasing storage and shelf life.

With the development of materials science and chemical engineering and other technologies, chemical vapor deposition technology has also been improved and applied to the preparation of polymer films and the surface modification of micro-nano materials in recent years, but the progress in the field of food is slow, if the technology is perfect, even It can be used for large-scale storage of various seeds such as rice and various meats, solving the problem of large storage costs in the country, and has also become a new technical requirement.

The present invention applies the vapor deposition technology to the field of processing and preservation of seed food such as nuts, and the technology of treating the food surface by the vapor phase method solves and overcomes the problems of taste functionality, easy dampening, easy growth of mold and the like that cannot be solved in the current market. Good results have been achieved in the storage and extension of shelf life of seed foods.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a film coating device using chemical vapor deposition technology, and a method for coating the surface of seed foods such as nuts through the film coating device. It can inhibit the growth of mold and improve the quality of food.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve its first purpose of the invention is as follows: a film coating device, comprising a raw material processing system and a gas phase system that communicate with each other, and the raw material processing system includes a processing chamber with an output pipeline, and is arranged in the processing chamber. A rotary raw material processing table inside the chamber and a flow equalization chamber arranged under the rotary raw material processing table, the gas phase system includes a reaction chamber and a heater, the reaction chamber is arranged inside the heater, and the reaction chamber The reaction chamber is communicated with the flow equalization chamber through a gas exchange pipeline, and the reaction chamber is communicated with the external gas through a gas distribution pipeline.

The film coating device, through a raw material processing system and a gas phase system, can realize the surface coating of nuts and other seed foods. The processing chamber in the raw material processing system is provided with an output pipe which can be used to discharge the gas inside the processing chamber. , The rotary raw material processing table inside the processing chamber is used to place the nuts and seeds to be processed. When it is necessary to coat the seeds such as nuts and other seeds to be processed after infiltration of the cross-linking agent, first close all the pipes on the equipment, start The heater preheats it to 50-60°C; then the seeds, such as nuts to be processed, soaked with the cross-linking agent are placed on the rotary raw material processing table; air is introduced into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline , open the gas exchange pipeline and output pipeline at the same time, the rotary raw material processing table is driven to rotate by power, and air is continuously introduced for a certain period of time; the gas exchange pipeline and resistance heater are closed; the reaction raw material gas is transported into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline , most of the air in the reaction chamber is replaced with the reaction raw material gas, the heater is preheated to the specified reaction raw material gas reaction temperature; then the gas inside the reaction chamber is cooled to 80-90 ° C, and the gas configuration pipeline and gas are opened at the same time. The AC pipeline and the output pipeline pass air into the reaction chamber and the processing chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, and exhaust to the outside through the output pipeline, continuously input the gas, and propel the gas forward; the gas will be uniformly sprayed to the rotary The surface of nuts and other seeds on the raw material processing table is covered with film; when the film is completed, the heater is turned off, and after cooling to room temperature, the nuts and other seeds are taken out, and the equipment is turned off, which realizes the film coating of nuts. . The film coating device, the film is evenly covered, and the seeds will not be incinerated due to high temperature; cross-linking points are attached to seeds such as nuts, so that the material gas can be concentrated in the area to be filmed, so that the reactive material gas can be used more effectively. , avoid unnecessary waste of resources, and form a uniform mesh film on the surface of the nuts; after filming, the original nutrients are retained, and the original internal moisture will not be lost, nor will it absorb external moisture, providing Compared with the prior art, the present invention overcomes the taste functionality that cannot be solved by the nuts on the existing market, is easy to moisture, and is easy to It has the advantages of controllable vapor deposition process, simple structure, integrated operation process, and suitable for large-scale commercial application.

Preferably, the rotary raw material processing table includes a drive motor, a rotating roller and a rotating guide plate, and the rotating guide plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the processing chamber through the rotating roller and is driven to rotate by the drive motor. The rotary raw material processing table is equipped with a rotating guide plate, a rotating roller and a driving motor. The rotating guide plate and the processing chamber are connected by a circular rotating roller. The rotating guide plate is driven by the driving motor to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise in the processing chamber, so that the airflow and The seeds such as nuts are evenly contacted, which can make the nuts evenly coated. Driven by the drive motor, the automatic operation of rotation can be realized, and the rotating guide plate and the processing chamber can be moved up and down to cooperate. After the nuts are coated, the nuts can be taken out by pulling the rotating guide plate out of the processing chamber.

Preferably, several ventilation holes and vertical stirring guide rods are uniformly distributed on the rotating guide plate; and several air holes are uniformly distributed on the flow equalizing chamber. Several ventilation holes are evenly distributed on the rotating guide. The ventilation holes can be in the shape of a circle, an ellipse, etc. Correspondingly, a number of square or triangular air holes different from the shape of the ventilation holes are arranged on the equalizing chamber. The shapes of the ventilation holes and the air holes are set. For different structural forms, the combination of ventilation holes and air holes enables the gas sprayed from below to contact nuts and other seeds evenly. It can ensure that the gas passing through the equalizing chamber of the rotating guide plate can contact the surface of the nut through the ventilation hole during the rotation process, so as to realize the uniformity and effectiveness of the coating. A vertical stirring guide rod is arranged on the rotating guide plate, so that the nuts can be partially separated from the surrounding nuts under the guidance of a certain airflow and the vertical stirring guide rod, thereby increasing the space for the nuts to move. Increased the amount of contact between the two per unit time. At the same time, the vertical stirring guide rod can avoid the splash of nuts and the collision and friction with the inner wall of the processing chamber to reduce the grade.

Preferably, the inner walls of the processing chamber and the reaction chamber are inner walls of high temperature resistant ceramic materials; the reaction chamber is provided with an exhaust valve for replacing gas. The inner wall of the processing chamber and the reaction chamber are made of high temperature resistant ceramic materials. The attraction of the ceramic material to the coating gas is weaker than that of the metal materials such as stainless steel, which can not only maximize the utilization of the gas, but also meet the requirements of national safety processing standards.

Preferably, the gas exchange pipeline is provided with an automatic control valve, the outside of the gas exchange pipeline is provided with a cooling water circulation device; the gas configuration pipeline is provided with an automatic switching valve; the heater is a resistance The heater is provided with a temperature self-controlling device. An automatic control valve is set on the gas exchange pipeline, which can close or open the valve at any time according to needs, so as to supply or cut off the gas inside the processing chamber; the automatic switching valve set on the gas configuration pipeline can realize the switching between air and reaction raw material gas and On-off control, and the heater uses a resistance heater, which is environmentally friendly and can achieve heat preservation and cooling operation. At the same time, the heater is equipped with a temperature automatic control device, which can effectively control the preheating temperature and cooling temperature. The reaction temperature can be adjusted at any time with the difference of the reaction raw material gas. A cooling water circulation device is installed outside the gas exchange pipeline. The temperature of the rising gas is controlled by circulating cooling water around the gas exchange pipeline through the cooling water circulation device to prevent food coking. If the gas is cooled in the reaction chamber, part of the gas will liquefy and adhere to the gas exchange. On the inner wall of the reaction chamber, it cannot rise, resulting in losses.

Preferably, the external gas includes air and reaction raw material gas, the reaction raw material gas is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin is 1:1. The reaction raw material gas is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and a caprylic acid monoglyceride film is obtained, which complies with the provisions of my country's "National Food Safety Standard for the Use of Food Additives" (GB 2760-2019). The raw material gas for the reaction is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol. The ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin substances is 1:1. The mass of glycerin added each time is 10% of the total mass of nuts. The required reaction temperature is 260-300 ° C, and the reaction time is 8- 9 hours, the film coating time is 2-3 hours, and it can be circulated.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to achieve the second purpose of the invention is: a method for coating a film by using a film coating device, comprising the following steps:

Step 1) Close all pipeline valves of the lamination device;

Step 2) Start the heater to preheat the heater to 50-60°C;

Step 3) putting the nut seeds to be processed after the infiltration of the cross-linking agent into the rotary raw material processing table;

Step 4) Pour air into the reaction chamber for a period of time through the gas configuration pipeline, open the gas exchange pipeline and the output pipeline at the same time, start the rotary raw material processing table to make it in a rotating state, and continue to introduce air to bake the nut seeds to be processed dry treatment;

Step 5) close the gas exchange pipeline and heater;

Step 6) Open the exhaust valve on the reaction chamber, and transport the reaction raw material gas to the interior of the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, until the air inside the reaction chamber is replaced with the reaction raw material gas, and close the exhaust valve; start the heater to preheat to the specified value The raw material gas reaction temperature of the reaction; then the gas is cooled to 80-90 ℃ in the gas exchange pipeline;

Step 7) Open the gas configuration pipeline, the gas exchange pipeline and the output pipeline at the same time, and feed air into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, and the reaction raw material gas inside the reaction chamber is propelled to the equalizing chamber by the air at this time; The flow chamber evenly sprays the gas to the rotary raw material processing table and sprays it to the surface of the nut seeds to be processed through the ventilation holes on it. The output pipe is exhausted to the outside at the same time;

Step 8) After the film coating is completed, turn off the heater, and after cooling to room temperature, take out the nut seeds after film coating, and turn off the equipment.

In the method for coating by using a coating device, after soaking the nut seeds to be coated with a cross-linking agent, they are put into a processing chamber and air is passed for drying, so that the nuts have a surface with cross-linking points, and then heated by resistance. The reactor provides heat to the inside of the reaction chamber to make the reaction raw material gas react, and the gas obtained after the final reaction is passed into the processing chamber, and is in contact with the surface of the nut seeds through the air holes and ventilation holes on the equalizing chamber and the rotating guide plate. Under the attraction of the cross-linking points on the surface of the nut seeds, the gas is adsorbed by the nut seeds, so that the nut seeds are fully coated. Compared with the same nut seeds that are not covered by this method, the coated seeds control the exchange of substances between themselves and the outside world to the lowest point, so as to achieve anti-deliquescence, anti-oxidation, Anti-mold, for the purpose of increasing shelf life. At the same time, it avoids changing the structure and even the microscopic morphology of its surface, so as not to damage its taste and functionality. And compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of controllable vapor deposition process, simple structure, integrated operation process, suitable for large-scale commercial application, and the like.

Preferably, the cross-linking agent in step 3) adopts sodium citrate, and the sodium citrate is 0.2-0.4% of the total mass of the nuts; the cross-linking agent forms cross-linking points on the surface of the nuts to absorb gas and form a uniform network structure. Since nuts belong to the wood structure and have low adsorption of coated gas and are not resistant to high temperature, cross-linking agents must be used to form cross-linking points on the surface of nuts to absorb gas and form a uniform network structure. The cross-linking agent is sodium citrate. Sodium citrate is stable in the air, can be dissolved in water, has a cool feeling when tasted, is safe, reliable, non-toxic, and meets the provisions of my country's "Hygienic Standards for the Use of Food Additives" (GB2760-2014).

As preferably, the reaction raw material gas introduced in step 6) is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin substances is 1:1, and the glycerol quality added each time is 10% of the total mass of nuts, and the reaction temperature is 260 ℃ -300℃, the reaction time is 8-9 hours, the film coating time is 2-3 hours, and it can be circulated. Caprylic acid can be vaporized under its conventional boiling point conditions, while glycerin needs to be decompressed to vacuum in the range of 0.01-0.05, and vaporized at 260-290 ℃ to suppress its side reactions; it can not only ensure the effect of coating, but also to ensure the occurrence of the reaction.

Preferably, in step 4), the period of time during which the air is introduced is determined by the initial water content of the nut itself, the water content is 15%-20%, and the drying time that needs to be introduced into the air is 72-96 hours; the water content is 20-25% %, the time is 96-108 hours; the water content is 25-30%, the time is 108-132 hours; the water content is ≥ 30%, the time is ≥ 168 hours. Air is introduced to dry the nuts before lamination, and the process is integrated, which reduces the energy waste in each link and ensures the quality of the nuts. Moreover, the air drying time can be set according to the moisture content of the nuts, with a high degree of automation, controllable operation and good effect.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the temperature of the film coating device can be automatically controlled in layers, so that the nut seeds will not be incinerated due to high temperature during the film coating process; and the film is evenly covered; the nut seeds are soaked in a cross-linking agent in advance , to attach cross-linking points to nuts and other seeds, so that the reaction raw material gas can be concentrated in the area to be formed into a film, so that the reaction raw material gas can be used more effectively, unnecessary waste of resources is avoided, and the surface of the nut seeds can be formed uniformly After the film is covered, the nut seeds can retain the original nutrients, and the original internal water will not be lost, nor will it absorb external water, providing an environment that is not conducive to the survival of molds, so the nut seeds The quality of the food is guaranteed, with increased storage and shelf life.

In the method of using the film coating device for coating, the seeds after coating control the exchange of substances between themselves and the outside world to the lowest point, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-deliquescence, anti-oxidation, anti-mold and prolonging the shelf life. At the same time, it avoids changing the structure and even the microscopic morphology of its surface, so as not to damage its taste and functionality. And compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of controllable vapor deposition process, simple structure, integrated operation process, suitable for large-scale commercial application, and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the film coating device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of rotating guide plate in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of flow equalization chamber in the present invention;

In the figure: 1. Raw material processing system, 2. Gas phase system, 3. Output pipeline, 4. Processing chamber, 5. Rotary raw material processing table, 6. Flow equalization chamber, 7. Reaction chamber, 8. Heater, 9. Gas AC pipeline, 10, Gas configuration pipeline, 11, External gas, 12, Drive motor, 13, Rotating roller, 14, Rotating guide plate, 15, Ventilation hole, 16, Vertical stirring guide rod, 17, Air hole, 18. Exhaust valve, 19. Automatic control valve, 20. Automatic switching valve, 21. Temperature self-controlling device, 22. Air, 23. Reaction raw material gas, 24. Cooling water circulation device.

Detailed ways

The technical text of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 , a film coating device includes a raw material processing system 1 and a gas phase system 2 that communicate with each other. The raw material processing system 1 includes a processing system with an output pipeline 3 . chamber 4, a rotary raw material processing table 5 arranged inside the processing chamber 4 and a flow equalization chamber 6 arranged below the rotary raw material processing table 5, the gas phase system 2 includes a reaction chamber 7 and a heater 8, and the described gas phase system 2 includes a reaction chamber 7 and a heater 8. The reaction chamber 7 is arranged inside the heater 8 , the reaction chamber 7 communicates with the equalizing chamber 6 through a gas exchange pipeline 9 , and the reaction chamber 7 communicates with the external gas 11 through a gas distribution pipeline 10 .

The rotary raw material processing table 5 includes a driving motor 12 , a rotating roller 13 and a rotating guide plate 14 . As shown in FIG. 2 , several ventilation holes 15 and vertical stirring guide rods 16 are evenly distributed on the rotating guide plate 14 ; as shown in FIG. The rotating guide plate and the processing chamber are connected by a circular rotating roller. The rotating guide plate is driven by the drive motor to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise in the processing chamber, so that the air flow can evenly contact the seeds such as nuts, and the nuts can be evenly coated. Driven by the drive motor, the automatic operation of rotation can be realized, and the rotating guide plate and the processing chamber can be moved up and down to cooperate. After the nuts are coated, the nuts can be taken out by pulling the rotating guide plate out of the processing chamber. Several ventilation holes 15 are evenly distributed on the rotating guide plate 14. The ventilation holes 15 can be in the shape of a circle, an ellipse or the like. Correspondingly, a number of square or triangular air holes 17 different from the shape of the ventilation holes are provided on the equalizing chamber 6. The ventilation holes The shape of the air hole is set in a different structural form, and the combination of the air hole and the air hole enables the gas sprayed from below to evenly contact seeds such as nuts. It can ensure that the gas passing through the equalizing chamber of the rotating guide plate can contact the surface of the nut through the ventilation hole during the rotation process, so as to realize the uniformity and effectiveness of the coating. A vertical stirring guide rod is arranged on the rotating guide plate, so that the nuts can be partially separated from the surrounding nuts under the guidance of a certain airflow and the vertical stirring guide rod, thereby increasing the space for the nuts to move. Increased the amount of contact between the two per unit time. At the same time, the vertical stirring guide rod can avoid the splash of nuts and the collision and friction with the inner wall of the processing chamber to reduce the grade.

The inner walls of the processing chamber 4 and the reaction chamber 7 are made of high temperature resistant ceramic materials; the reaction chamber 7 is provided with an exhaust valve 18 for replacing gas. The attraction of the coating gas to the ceramic material is weaker than that of the metal material such as stainless steel, which can not only maximize the utilization of the gas, but also meet the requirements of national safety processing standards.

The gas exchange pipeline 9 is provided with an automatic control valve 19, the outside of the gas exchange pipeline 9 is provided with a cooling water circulation device 24; the gas configuration pipeline 10 is provided with an automatic switching valve 20; the heater 8 is a resistance heater, and the heater 8 is provided with a temperature self-controlling device 21 . An automatic control valve is set on the gas exchange pipeline, which can close or open the valve at any time according to needs, so as to supply or cut off the gas inside the processing chamber; the automatic switching valve set on the gas configuration pipeline can realize the switching between air and reaction raw material gas and On-off control, and the heater uses a resistance heater, which is environmentally friendly and can achieve heat preservation and cooling operation. At the same time, the heater is equipped with a temperature automatic control device, which can effectively control the preheating temperature and cooling temperature. The reaction temperature can be adjusted at any time with the difference of the reaction raw material gas.

The external gas 11 includes air 22 and a reaction raw material gas 23, and the reaction raw material gas 23 is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin is 1:1. The reaction raw material gas is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and a caprylic acid monoglyceride film is obtained, which complies with the provisions of my country's "National Food Safety Standard for the Use of Food Additives" (GB 2760-2019). The raw material gas for the reaction is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol. The ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin substances is 1:1. The mass of glycerin added each time is 10% of the total mass of nuts. The required reaction temperature is 260-300 ° C, and the reaction time is 8- 9 hours, the film coating time is 2-3 hours, and it can be circulated.

The film coating device, through a raw material processing system and a gas phase system, can realize the surface coating of nuts and other seed foods. The processing chamber in the raw material processing system is provided with an output pipe which can be used to discharge the gas inside the processing chamber. , The rotary raw material processing table inside the processing chamber is used to place the nuts and seeds to be processed. When it is necessary to coat the seeds such as nuts and other seeds to be processed after infiltration of the cross-linking agent, first close all the pipes on the equipment, start The heater preheats it to 50-60°C; then the seeds, such as nuts to be processed, soaked with the cross-linking agent are placed on the rotary raw material processing table; air is introduced into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline , open the gas exchange pipeline and output pipeline at the same time, the rotary raw material processing table is driven by power to rotate, and the air is continuously introduced for a certain period of time; the gas exchange pipeline and the resistance heater are closed; the reaction raw material gas is transported to the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, Most of the air in the reaction chamber is replaced with the reaction raw material gas, and the heater is preheated to the specified reaction temperature of the raw material gas for the reaction; then the gas inside the reaction chamber is cooled to 80-90 ° C, and the gas configuration pipeline and gas are opened at the same time. The AC pipeline and the output pipeline pass air into the reaction chamber and the processing chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, and exhaust to the outside through the output pipeline, continuously input the gas, and propel the gas forward; the gas will be uniformly sprayed to the rotary The surface of nuts and other seeds on the raw material processing table is covered with film; when the film is completed, the heater is turned off, and after cooling to room temperature, the nuts and other seeds are taken out, and the equipment is turned off, which realizes the film coating of nuts. . The film coating device, the film is evenly covered, so that the seeds will not be incinerated at high temperature; cross-linking points are attached to seeds such as nuts, so that the material gas can be concentrated in the area to be filmed, so that the reaction material can be used more effectively Gas, avoiding unnecessary waste of resources, and forming a uniform mesh film on the surface of the nuts; after filming, the original nutrients are retained, and the original internal moisture will not be lost, nor will it absorb external moisture. An environment unfavorable for mold survival is provided, thereby ensuring food quality and increasing storage and shelf life; compared with the prior art, the present invention overcomes the taste functionality that cannot be solved by nuts on the existing market, and is easy to moisture. It is easy to breed mold and other problems, and has the advantages of controllable vapor deposition process, simple structure, integrated operation process, and suitable for large-scale commercial applications.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to achieve the second purpose of the invention is: a method for coating a film by using a film coating device, comprising the following steps:

Step 1) Close all pipeline valves of the lamination device;

Step 2) Start the heater to preheat the heater to 50-60°C;

Step 3) Put the nut seeds to be processed after the cross-linking agent infiltration into the rotary raw material processing table; the cross-linking agent is sodium citrate, and the sodium citrate is 0.2-0.4% of the total mass of the nuts; the cross-linking agent is used in the nuts. The surface forms cross-linking points to adsorb gas and form a uniform network structure. Since nuts belong to the wood structure and have low adsorption of coated gas and are not resistant to high temperature, cross-linking agents must be used to form cross-linking points on the surface of nuts to absorb gas and form a uniform network structure. The cross-linking agent is sodium citrate. Sodium citrate is stable in the air, can be dissolved in water, has a cool feeling when tasted, and is safe, reliable and non-toxic. ;

Step 4) Pour air into the reaction chamber for a period of time through the gas configuration pipeline, open the gas exchange pipeline and the output pipeline at the same time, start the rotary raw material processing table to make it in a rotating state, and continue to introduce air to bake the nut seeds to be processed dry treatment;

Step 5) close the gas exchange pipeline and heater;

Step 6) Open the exhaust valve on the reaction chamber, and transport the reaction raw material gas to the interior of the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, until the air inside the reaction chamber is replaced with the reaction raw material gas, and close the exhaust valve; start the heater to preheat to the specified value Then the gas is cooled to 80-90 ℃ in the gas exchange pipeline; the reaction raw material gas introduced is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerol substances is 1:1, each The mass of the glycerin added for the second time is 10% of the total mass of the nuts, the reaction temperature is 260-300° C., the reaction time is 8-9 hours, the film coating time is 2-3 hours, and can be circulated. Caprylic acid can be vaporized under its normal boiling point conditions, while glycerol needs to be vaporized under the condition of decompression to vacuum 0.01-0.05 and at 260-290 ℃ to suppress its side reactions;

Step 7) Open the gas configuration pipeline, the gas exchange pipeline and the output pipeline at the same time, and feed air into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline, and the reaction raw material gas inside the reaction chamber is propelled to the equalizing chamber by the air at this time; The flow chamber evenly sprays the gas to the rotary raw material processing table and sprays it to the surface of the nut seeds to be processed through the ventilation holes on it. The output pipe is exhausted to the outside at the same time;

Step 8) After the film coating is completed, turn off the heater, and after cooling to room temperature, take out the nut seeds after film coating, and turn off the equipment.

In the method for coating by using a coating device, after soaking the nut seeds to be coated with a cross-linking agent, they are put into a processing chamber and air is passed for drying, so that the nuts have a surface with cross-linking points, and then heated by resistance. The reactor provides heat to the inside of the reaction chamber to make the reaction raw material gas react, and the gas obtained after the final reaction is passed into the processing chamber, and is in contact with the surface of the nut seeds through the air holes and ventilation holes on the equalizing chamber and the rotating guide plate. Under the attraction of the cross-linking points on the surface of the nut seeds, the gas is adsorbed by the nut seeds, so that the nut seeds are fully coated. Compared with the same nut seeds that are not covered by this method, the coated seeds control the exchange of substances between themselves and the outside world to the lowest point, so as to achieve anti-deliquescence, anti-oxidation, Anti-mold, for the purpose of increasing shelf life. At the same time, it avoids changing the structure and even the microscopic morphology of its surface, so as not to damage its taste and functionality. And compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of controllable vapor deposition process, simple structure, integrated operation process, suitable for large-scale commercial application, and the like. The whole aeration process, including the introduction of air and the speed of the reaction raw material gas, is controlled within the range of 75-80m/min.

In step 4), the period of time for introducing air is determined by the initial water content of the nuts themselves, and the water content is 15%-20%, and the drying time that needs to be introduced into the air is 72-96 hours; when the water content is 20-25%, the time It is 96-108 hours; the water content is 25-30%, and the time is 108-132 hours; the water content is ≥30%, and the time is ≥168 hours. Air is introduced to dry the nuts before lamination, and the process is integrated, which reduces the energy waste in each link and ensures the quality of the nuts. Moreover, the air drying time can be set according to the moisture content of the nuts, with a high degree of automation, controllable operation and good effect.

On the one hand, the embodiments of the present application provide a film coating device, the main body of which is a reaction chamber and a processing chamber, and other equipment connected to the two, which can be divided into upper and lower systems—a gas phase system and a raw material processing system.

The gas treatment is completed in the reaction chamber of the coating device, and the nut raw material treatment is completed in the treatment chamber, which includes the following steps: closing all pipes, preheating the resistance heater to 50-60 °C; into the raw material processing platform; introduce air through the gas configuration pipeline, open the gas exchange pipeline and output pipeline at the same time, rotate the raw material processing platform, continue to introduce air for a certain period of time, and turn off the gas exchange and resistance heater; through the gas configuration pipeline, the reaction Most of the air in the chamber is replaced by the reaction raw material gas, and the resistance heater is preheated to the reaction temperature; when the reaction is completed, it is cooled to 80-90 ° C, and three gas pipelines are opened at the same time, and the gas is introduced through the gas configuration pipeline and passed through the output pipeline. Exhaust, push the gas forward and rise; the gas will spray the gas evenly on the surface of seeds such as nuts through the equalizing chamber; after the film is completed, turn off the resistance heater, and after cooling to room temperature, take out the seeds such as nuts, and turn off the equipment. Among them, the inner walls of the reaction chamber and the processing chamber are made of high temperature resistant ceramic materials. The reaction temperature can be automatically adjusted at any time through the heating resistor with the difference of the reaction raw material gas.

The combination of the air holes in the equalizing chamber and the air holes on the rotating guide plate allows the air from below to evenly contact the seeds such as nuts. The nuts can be partially separated from the surrounding nuts under a certain airflow, thereby increasing the space for the nuts to move and increasing the amount of contact between the two per unit time. The vertical stirring guide rod on the guide plate can prevent the nuts from splashing and collide with the inner wall of the container and reduce the grade. The attraction of the ceramic material to the coating gas is weaker than that of the stainless steel material, and it meets the national processing standards.

In the present application, the coated nuts should be nuts with a certain size like peanuts, macadamia nuts, torrents, etc., such as melon seeds, which are too small and dense to be coated by this method.

Most of the air in the reaction chamber is replaced with reaction raw material gas, the space of the reaction chamber is fully utilized, and the yield of the coating gas is improved.

Among them, the preheating temperature and cooling temperature are 50-60 ℃ and 80-90 ℃ respectively, of which 50-60 ℃ is the baking temperature, and 80-90 ℃ is the sterilization temperature. If the temperature is too high, it will lead to internal fat in seeds such as nuts. spoiled and easily corrupted. Since nuts belong to the wood structure and have low adsorption of coated gas and are not resistant to high temperature, cross-linking agents must be used to form cross-linking points on the surface of nuts to absorb gas and form a uniform network structure. Air is introduced to dry the nuts before lamination, and the process is integrated, which reduces the energy waste in each link and ensures the quality of the nuts. The certain time for the first introduction of air is determined by the initial moisture content of the nut itself. For example, when the moisture content is 15%-20%, the drying time required to introduce air is 72-96 hours; when the moisture content is 20-25%, the drying time It is 96-108 hours; the water content is 25-30%, and the time is 108-132 hours; the water content is ≥30%, and the time is ≥168 hours.

The reaction raw material gas is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and a caprylic acid monoglyceride film is obtained, which complies with the provisions of my country's "Hygienic Standard for the Use of Food Additives" (GB 2760-2019). The cross-linking agent is sodium citrate. Sodium citrate is stable in the air, can be dissolved in water, has a cool feeling when tasted, is safe, reliable, non-toxic, and meets the provisions of my country's "Hygienic Standards for the Use of Food Additives" (GB2760-2014). The reaction raw material gas is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerin, the cross-linking agent is sodium citrate, the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin substances is 1:1, the mass of glycerin added each time is 10% of the total mass of nuts, and sodium citrate is the total mass of nuts. 0.3% of the mass requires a reaction temperature of 260-300° C., a reaction time of 8-9 hours, a film coating time of 2-3 hours, and can be circulated. Caprylic acid can be vaporized under its normal boiling point conditions, while glycerol needs to be vaporized at 260-290°C under reduced pressure to vacuum in the range of 0.01-0.05 to suppress its side reactions.

In this example:

The reaction raw material gas is selected as a mixed gas with a mass ratio of 1:1 glycerol and caprylic acid after decompression gasification, the cross-linking agent is sodium citrate, the nuts to be coated are shelled walnuts, and the drying time is 96 hours. The reaction time is 8 hours and the gas reaction temperature is 270 degrees Celsius. After operating according to the above process, the Torreya japonica product with the caprylic acid monoglyceride film with sodium citrate as the cross-linking point on the surface is obtained, and the product is subjected to sensory indicators, physical and chemical indicators, microorganisms All indicators are checked.

1. Sensory indicators

2. Physical and chemical indicators

3. Microbial indicators

Test items Film peeled walnuts index Testing method total number of colonies 2000CFU/g ≤10000CFU/g GB4789.2 Escherichia coli 6MPN/100g ≤30MPN/100g GB4789.3 mold 9CFU/g ≤25CFU/g GB4789.15 yeast 13CFU/g ≤25CFU/g GB4789.15

It can be known from Example 1 that:

After testing, the above safety and health standards are in line with the national food safety standard for nuts and seeds food (GB19300), and this product meets the national health and safety standards.

Example 2:

In the present embodiment, 10 g of peeled walnuts and ordinary peeled walnuts are divided into two groups in equal amounts of 10 g each. 30 days, 90 days to determine physical and chemical indicators, microbial indicators.

1. After 30 days

A. Physical and chemical indicators

B. Microbial indicators

2. After 90 days

A. Physical and chemical indicators

B. Microbial indicators

It can be known from Example 2 that:

Through the above experiments and tests, it can be found that the quality of the walnuts covered with the film is always higher than that of ordinary ones no matter in the airtight or non-airtight conditions, and especially it can be found that it has obvious bacteriostatic effect. To sum up, this process overcomes the problems of taste functionality, easy dampening, and easy growth of mold, which cannot be solved in the current market, and is conducive to prolonging the shelf life of nut products and ensuring their quality.

Example 3:

In this embodiment, the reaction raw material gas is selected as a mixed gas with a mass ratio of 1:1 glycerol and caprylic acid after decompression gasification, the cross-linking agent is sodium citrate, the nuts to be coated are shelled almonds, and dried The drying time is 120 hours, the gas reaction time is 8 hours, and the gas reaction temperature is 270 degrees Celsius. After operating according to the above process, the torreya product with the caprylic acid monoglyceride film with sodium citrate as the cross-linking point on the surface is obtained, and the product is subjected to Sensory indicators, physical and chemical indicators, and microbial indicators are tested.

1. Sensory indicators

2. Physical and chemical indicators

3. Microbial indicators

Test items Film peeled almonds index Testing method total number of colonies 1981CFU/g ≤10000CFU/g GB4789.2 Escherichia coli 7MPN/100g ≤30MPN/100g GB4789.3 mold 6CFU/g ≤25CFU/g GB4789.15 yeast 12CFU/g ≤25CFU/g GB4789.15

It can be known from Example 3 that:

After testing, the above safety and health standards are in line with the national food safety standard for nuts and seeds food (GB19300), and this product meets the national health and safety standards.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone who is familiar with this technology can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, The protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A film coating device, characterized in that it comprises a raw material processing system (1) and a gas phase system (2) that are communicated with each other, and the raw material processing system (1) comprises a processing chamber ( 4), a rotary raw material processing table (5) arranged inside the processing chamber (4), and a flow equalization chamber (6) arranged below the rotary raw material processing table (5), the gas phase system (2) includes a reaction A chamber (7) and a heater (8), the reaction chamber (7) is arranged inside the heater (8), and the reaction chamber (7) is connected to the equalizing chamber ( 6) Communication, the reaction chamber (7) is connected to the external gas (11) through a gas configuration pipeline (10); the rotary raw material processing table (5) comprises a drive motor (12), a rotating roller (13) ) and a rotating guide plate (14), the rotating guide plate (14) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the processing chamber (4) through a rotating roller (13) and is driven to rotate by a driving motor (12); the rotating guide plate (14) ) are evenly distributed with a number of ventilation holes (15) and vertical stirring guide rods (16); the flow equalization chamber (6) is evenly distributed with a number of air holes (17); the treatment chamber (4) and The inner wall of the reaction chamber (7) is a high temperature resistant ceramic material inner wall. 2 . The film coating device according to claim 1 , wherein the reaction chamber ( 7 ) is provided with an exhaust valve ( 18 ) for replacing gas. 3 . 3. A film coating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: an automatic control valve (19) is arranged on the gas exchange pipeline (9), and the gas exchange pipeline (9) is external A cooling water circulation device (24) is provided; an automatic switching valve (20) is provided on the gas configuration pipeline (10); the heater (8) is a resistance heater, and the heater (8) A temperature self-controlling device (21) is arranged on it. 4 . The film coating device according to claim 1 , wherein the external gas ( 11 ) comprises air ( 22 ) and a reaction raw material gas ( 23 ), and the reaction raw material gas ( 23 ) is 4 . The mixture of caprylic acid and glycerin, the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin is 1:1. 5. A method for laminating using the laminating device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: Step 1) Close all pipeline valves of the lamination device; Step 2) Start the heater to preheat the heater to 50-60℃; Step 3) Put the nut seeds to be processed after the crosslinking agent infiltration into the rotary raw material processing table; Step 4) Air is introduced into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline for a period of time, and the gas exchange pipeline and the output pipeline are opened at the same time, the rotary raw material processing table is started to make it in a rotating state, and the air is continuously introduced to make the nut seeds to be processed to be roasted. dry treatment; Step 5) Turn off the gas exchange pipeline and heater; Step 6) Open the exhaust valve on the reaction chamber, and transport the reaction raw material gas to the interior of the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline until the air inside the reaction chamber is replaced by the reaction raw material gas, and close the exhaust valve; start the heater to preheat to the specified value The raw material gas reaction temperature of the reaction; then the gas is cooled to 80-90 ℃ in the gas exchange pipeline; Step 7) Open the gas configuration pipeline, the gas exchange pipeline and the output pipeline at the same time, and pass air into the reaction chamber through the gas configuration pipeline. At this time, the reaction raw material gas inside the reaction chamber is propelled by the air to the equalizing chamber; The flow chamber evenly sprays the gas to the rotary raw material processing table and sprays it to the surface of the nut seeds to be processed through the ventilation holes on it. The output pipe is exhausted to the outside at the same time; Step 8) After the coating is completed, turn off the heater, and after cooling to room temperature, take out the coated nuts and seeds, and turn off the equipment. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the cross-linking agent in step 3) adopts sodium citrate, and the sodium citrate is 0.2-0.4% of the total mass of nuts; The linking agent forms cross-linking points on the surface of the nuts to adsorb gas and form a uniform network structure. 7 . The method for film coating using a film coating device according to claim 5 , wherein the reaction raw material gas introduced in step 6) is a mixture of caprylic acid and glycerol, and the mass ratio of caprylic acid and glycerin substances is 1: 7 . 1. The mass of glycerin added each time is 10% of the total mass of nuts, the reaction temperature is 260-300° C., the reaction time is 8-9 hours, the film coating time is 2-3 hours, and can be circulated. 8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in step 4), the period of time during which the air is introduced is determined by the initial water content of the nuts themselves, and the water content is 15%-20%, The drying time that needs to be introduced into the air is 72-96 hours; the moisture content is 20-25%, the time is 96-108 hours; the moisture content is 25-30%, the drying time is 108-132 hours; the moisture content ≥ 30%, Time is ≥ 168 hours.

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