CN112393766A - Soil state monitoring system and distributed optical fiber probe rod - Google Patents
Soil state monitoring system and distributed optical fiber probe rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN112393766A CN112393766A CN202011282153.1A CN202011282153A CN112393766A CN 112393766 A CN112393766 A CN 112393766A CN 202011282153 A CN202011282153 A CN 202011282153A CN 112393766 A CN112393766 A CN 112393766A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
- G01D5/38—Forming the light into pulses by diffraction gratings
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, and discloses a soil state monitoring system and a distributed optical fiber probe, which comprise a server, an optical fiber demodulator and an optical fiber comprehensive probe which are sequentially connected through a transmission optical cable, wherein the optical fiber comprehensive probe comprises an outer pipe, the outer side of the outer pipe is provided with a distributed temperature sensing optical cable, a distributed strain sensing optical cable, a soil pressure sensing optical cable and a pore water pressure sensing optical cable, and the outer pipe is provided with a through hole for the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable to penetrate out. A plurality of data of the soil state can be monitored by one optical fiber comprehensive probe rod, and the integration is high; when the soil state is monitored, an operator selects a proper number of measuring holes in a monitoring area, and each data can be monitored by respectively arranging an optical fiber comprehensive probe rod in each measuring hole, so that the number of measuring points in the same area is increased, and the continuity of the data is ensured; the server analyzes the electric signal transmitted by the optical fiber demodulator, automatically acquires the state of the soil body, and has high automation degree and high time efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil monitoring, in particular to a soil state monitoring system and a distributed optical fiber probe rod.
Background
In a soil stratum, distributed optical fiber sensing technologies such as Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), a Raman Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (ROTDR) technology, a Brillouin Optical Frequency Domain Analyzer (BOFDA) technology and the like are used for continuously and synchronously acquiring data such as water content, pore water pressure, soil pressure, compression settlement and the like of a soil body, so that safety monitoring and scientific research in application fields such as collapsible loess, foundation pit support, reservoir bank slopes and the like can be realized, and the method is a main technical means for modern soil monitoring.
At present, soil deformation is monitored by soil surface deformation monitoring means such as leveling measurement, triangular elevation measurement, GPS (global positioning system), InSAR (interferometric synthetic aperture radar) measurement and the like commonly used in engineering, however, the internal deformation state of the soil is not completely consistent with the earth surface, the earth surface deformation is usually lagged behind the internal deformation of the soil, the monitoring data cannot truly reflect the stress-strain state of the soil, and the method has the advantages of low automation degree, incapability of monitoring stably for a long time, large influence caused by manual operation, low spatial resolution, influence caused by atmospheric conditions and unsuitability for small-range monitoring.
The current soil internal state monitoring means mostly adopt traditional devices such as a layered settlement meter, an inclinometer and a soil pressure cell for measurement, and compared with an optical fiber sensor, the current monitoring means has low measurement precision, poor integration and complex installation when monitoring a plurality of data; channels need to be arranged for each monitoring data, and the number of the required channels is large, so that the number of measuring points in the same area is limited, and the data is discontinuous; and the reading is required to be carried out manually and regularly, so that the method is not timely and accurate enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the soil state monitoring system is provided to solve the problems of poor integration, complex installation, requirement of multiple channels and limited measuring point quantity when a monitoring means for the internal state of a soil body in the prior art is used for monitoring multiple data; the invention also provides a distributed optical fiber probe rod used by the soil state monitoring system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a server, an optical fiber demodulator and an optical fiber comprehensive probe sequentially connected by a transmission optical cable, wherein the optical fiber comprehensive probe is used for monitoring a soil state and transmitting an optical signal to the optical fiber demodulator, the optical fiber demodulator is used for converting the optical signal into an electrical signal and transmitting the electrical signal to the server, the server is used for analyzing the electrical signal to obtain the soil state, the optical fiber comprehensive probe comprises an outer tube, a distributed temperature sensing optical cable, a distributed strain sensing optical cable, a soil pressure sensing optical cable and a pore water pressure sensing optical cable connected with the optical fiber demodulator by the transmission optical cable are arranged outside the outer tube, and the outer tube is provided with a through hole for the penetration of the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable.
Preferably, the distributed temperature sensing optical cable is helically wound around the outside of the outer tube, the distributed strain sensing optical cable being snugly arranged on the outside of the distributed temperature sensing optical cable.
Preferably, the distributed strain sensing optical cable extends in the axial direction of the outer tube.
Preferably, the soil pressure sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of fiber grating soil pressure gauges, each fiber grating soil pressure gauge is connected with the other through a lead, the fiber grating soil pressure gauges are arranged outside the distributed temperature sensing optical cable, the leads are arranged in the outer tube, a plurality of through holes are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the outer tube, and the leads penetrate through the through holes to be connected with the fiber grating soil pressure gauges.
Preferably, the pore water pressure sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of fiber grating pore pressure meters, the fiber grating pore pressure meters are connected through leads, the fiber grating pore pressure meters are arranged on the outer side of the distributed temperature sensing optical cable, the leads are arranged in the outer tube, a plurality of perforations are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the outer tube, and the leads penetrate through the perforations to be connected with the fiber grating pore pressure meters.
Preferably, the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable extend along the axial direction of the outer tube, and the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable are arranged in axial symmetry with the center line of the outer tube as an axis.
Preferably, the material of the outer tube is rubber.
Preferably, the perforations are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the outer tube, and the interval between two adjacent perforations is 1-3 m.
Preferably, the optical fiber comprehensive probe rods are arranged in the area to be monitored at intervals, and the optical fiber comprehensive probe rods are in signal connection through transmission optical cables.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a distributed optical fiber probe rod, which is an optical fiber comprehensive probe rod of the soil state monitoring system in the above technical scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that: the distributed temperature sensing optical cable, the distributed strain sensing optical cable, the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable are arranged on the outer side of the outer pipe, the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable can extend in the pipe after penetrating through the through hole, and a plurality of data of the soil state can be monitored by one optical fiber comprehensive probe rod, so that the integration is high; when the soil state is monitored, an operator selects a proper number of measuring holes in a monitoring area, and each data can be monitored by respectively arranging an optical fiber comprehensive probe rod in each measuring hole, so that the number of measuring points in the same area is increased, and the continuity of the data is ensured; the server analyzes the electric signal transmitted by the optical fiber demodulator, automatically acquires the state of the soil body, and has high automation degree and high time efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the soil condition monitoring system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the fiber optic integrated probe of the soil condition monitoring system of FIG. 1 within a borehole;
figure 3 is a top view of the fiber optic integrated probe of the soil condition monitoring system of figure 2.
In the figure, 1, a computer; 2. an optical fiber demodulator; 3. an optical fiber comprehensive probe rod; 31. an outer tube; 32. a distributed temperature sensing optical cable; 33. a distributed strain sensing optical cable; 34. a soil pressure sensing optical cable; 35. a pore water pressure sensing optical cable; 4. measuring holes; 5. an in-situ soil body; 6. a transmission optical cable.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the preferred embodiment of the soil state monitoring system of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the soil state monitoring system includes a server, an optical fiber demodulator 2 and an optical fiber integrated probe 3, and the server, the optical fiber demodulator 2 and the optical fiber integrated probe 3 are connected in sequence by a transmission cable 6.
The optical fiber comprehensive detection rods 3 are arranged in the area to be monitored at intervals, the optical fiber comprehensive detection rods 3 are in signal connection through the transmission optical cable 6, and the specific proficiency of the optical fiber comprehensive detection rods 3 is determined according to the number of the detection holes 4 in the detection area. The optical fiber comprehensive probe rod 3 is used for monitoring the soil state and transmitting an optical signal to the optical fiber demodulator 2, the optical fiber demodulator 2 is used for reading the optical signal and then converting the optical signal into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the server, the server is used for analyzing the electric signal to obtain the soil state, the optical fiber demodulator 2 is the prior art, detailed description is omitted here, and the server can be the computer 1.
The optical fiber comprehensive probe rod 3 comprises an outer tube 31, the outer tube 31 is made of rubber, and the rubber tube is soft in property and can be bent and deformed as required. The outer tube 31 has a hollow structure, and the outer diameter of the outer tube 31 is about 70 mm. The inner diameter is about 60 mm. A plurality of through holes are reserved in the outer tube 31 and used for leading out the soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35, the number and the positions of the through holes are designed according to the monitoring requirements of the soil pressure and the pore water pressure, the through holes are arranged along the axial direction of the outer tube 31 at intervals and symmetrically arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer tube 31, and the axial interval between every two adjacent through holes is 1-3 m. In other embodiments, the perforations may also be flexibly adjusted to changes in the formation.
The outer side of the outer tube 31 is provided with a distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32, a distributed strain sensing optical cable 33, a soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 and a pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35, and the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32, the distributed strain sensing optical cable 33, the soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35 are all connected with the optical fiber demodulator through a transmission optical cable 6. The distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 has an internal heating function, the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 is spirally wound on the outer side of the outer pipe 31 and is led out from the outlet of the measuring hole 4 of the soil body, the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 is used for monitoring the temperature inside the soil body, and the water content of the soil body can be monitored through temperature change.
The distributed strain sensing optical cable 33 is arranged outside the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 in a fitting mode, the distributed strain sensing optical cable 33 and the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 are arranged in a close fitting mode, the distributed strain sensing optical cable 33 extends along the axial direction of the outer pipe 31, namely the length direction of the distributed strain sensing optical cable 33 is parallel to the outer pipe 31, and the distributed strain sensing optical cable 33 is used for monitoring stress changes inside soil bodies.
The soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 comprises a plurality of fiber grating soil pressure meters, and the fiber grating soil pressure meters are connected through leads. Each fiber grating soil pressure gauge is arranged at the position of the outer pipe 31 reserved with a perforation, the fiber grating soil pressure gauges are attached to the outer side of the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32, a lead wire penetrates through the spiral line gap of the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 and enters the inner wall of the outer pipe 31 through the perforation reserved on the surface of the outer pipe 31, the lead wires of the fiber grating soil pressure gauges are connected in series in the outer pipe 31 in a welding mode, a soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 is formed and led out from the inner wall of the outer pipe 31, and the soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 is used for monitoring the pressure change inside a soil body.
The pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35 includes a plurality of fiber grating pore pressure gauges, and the fiber grating pore pressure gauges are connected by leads. Each fiber grating pore pressure gauge is arranged at the position of the outer tube 31 where a perforation is reserved, and the fiber grating pore pressure gauges and the fiber grating soil pressure gauges are symmetrically arranged by taking the center line of the outer tube 31 as an axis so as to ensure the arrangement space. The fiber grating pore pressure gauge is attached to the outer side of the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32, a lead of the fiber grating pore pressure gauge penetrates through a spiral line gap of the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 and enters the inner wall of the outer tube 31 through a perforation reserved on the surface of the outer tube 31, leads of the fiber grating pore pressure gauges are connected in series in the outer tube 31 in a fusion mode to form a pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35 and are led out from the inner wall of the outer tube 31, and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35 is used for monitoring water pressure change in a soil body gap.
The working process of the invention is as follows: a plurality of measuring holes 4 are distributed at proper positions in a monitoring area of an in-situ soil body 5, the aperture of each measuring hole 4 is not smaller than 110mm, the hole depth is slightly larger than the depth of a soil layer to be monitored, and the distance between every two measuring holes 4 is 3 m-5 m; after the drilling hole is formed, the drilling hole is cleaned once, so that the drilling depth is prevented from being influenced by the drilling cuttings at the bottom. And after hole cleaning is finished, slowly lowering the optical fiber comprehensive feeler lever 3 immediately to ensure that the optical fiber comprehensive feeler lever 3 is vertical, fixing the outlet end of the optical fiber comprehensive feeler lever 3 after the optical fiber comprehensive feeler lever 3 is lowered to the bottom, and backfilling and sealing holes.
The similar optical fibers among different measuring holes 4 are welded and connected in series, and then the optical fiber comprehensive feeler lever 3 after being connected in series is used for monitoring the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 for detecting the water content of the soil body, the strain sensing optical cable for monitoring the settlement of the soil body, the soil pressure sensing optical cable 34 for monitoring the soil pressure and the pore water pressure, and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable 35 are connected with the corresponding DTS, BOFDA and FBG optical fiber demodulator 2 through the transmission optical cable 6 and then are transmitted to the computer 1.
When monitoring is started, the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32 is electrified and heated, and the moisture content distribution of the soil body is obtained through the change of the ambient temperature field around the distributed temperature sensing optical cable 32. And the data analysis software in the computer 1 converts the acquired optical fiber wavelength data into data such as soil moisture content, stratum settlement, pore water pressure, soil pressure and the like, and records and displays the data in real time.
The invention also provides a distributed optical fiber probe rod, the specific structure of which is the same as that of the optical fiber comprehensive probe rod of the soil state monitoring system in any embodiment, and repeated description is omitted here.
To sum up, the embodiment of the present invention provides a soil state monitoring system and a distributed optical fiber probe, wherein a distributed temperature sensing optical cable, a distributed strain sensing optical cable, a soil pressure sensing optical cable, and a pore water pressure sensing optical cable are arranged outside an outer tube, the soil pressure sensing optical cable and the pore water pressure sensing optical cable can extend in the tube after passing through a perforation, and one optical fiber comprehensive probe can monitor a plurality of data of the soil state, so that the integration is high; when the soil state is monitored, an operator selects a proper number of measuring holes in a monitoring area, and each data can be monitored by respectively arranging an optical fiber comprehensive probe rod in each measuring hole, so that the number of measuring points in the same area is increased, and the continuity of the data is ensured; the server analyzes the electric signal transmitted by the optical fiber demodulator, automatically acquires the state of the soil body, and has high automation degree and high time efficiency.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
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| CN202011282153.1A CN112393766A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Soil state monitoring system and distributed optical fiber probe rod |
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| CN202011282153.1A CN112393766A (en) | 2020-11-16 | 2020-11-16 | Soil state monitoring system and distributed optical fiber probe rod |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113109382A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-13 | 同济大学 | Soil mass freezing and thawing device with multi-dimensional dynamic sensing function |
| CN115077683A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-09-20 | 清华大学 | Slope detection device and method based on distributed optical fiber sensing |
| CN116242986A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-06-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Soil mechanical test rod and regional surface soil physical mechanical state measuring system and method |
| WO2023197517A1 (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-19 | 中建安装集团有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber-based intelligent monitoring system and method for strain and temperature of bullet tank |
| CN118583119A (en) * | 2024-06-27 | 2024-09-03 | 苏州南智传感科技有限公司 | Land subsidence multi-parameter integrated monitoring system and method |
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| CN118583119A (en) * | 2024-06-27 | 2024-09-03 | 苏州南智传感科技有限公司 | Land subsidence multi-parameter integrated monitoring system and method |
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