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CN112497784B - Preparation device and preparation method of carbon fiber composite tensile sample - Google Patents

Preparation device and preparation method of carbon fiber composite tensile sample Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112497784B
CN112497784B CN202011094528.1A CN202011094528A CN112497784B CN 112497784 B CN112497784 B CN 112497784B CN 202011094528 A CN202011094528 A CN 202011094528A CN 112497784 B CN112497784 B CN 112497784B
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Prior art keywords
winding
carbon fiber
fiber composite
cover plate
composite material
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CN112497784A (en
Inventor
刘魏魏
肖文刚
张丽英
杨克伦
王鹏飞
江亚彬
刘红影
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Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
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Beijing Composite Material Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation device of a carbon fiber composite material tensile sample, which comprises a winding mandrel, a winding mandrel and a winding mandrel, wherein the winding mandrel is provided with two processing surfaces and two cutting surfaces; the processing surface comprises a plurality of molding areas and a mounting area; the molding area is provided with at least one winding groove which is distributed at intervals and is suitable for preparing a carbon fiber composite material tensile sample; the cutting surface is an arc surface, and a processing groove is arranged along the arc surface vertex of the cutting surface. The bottom plate is positioned at one side of the winding mandrel and is detachably connected with the installation area; the cover plate is positioned on the other side of the winding mandrel and is detachably connected with the installation area; and one end of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the winding core mould, and the other end of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the fiber winding machine. According to the invention, the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample is molded through the plurality of winding grooves, and the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample is demoulded through the processing groove, so that the dimensional accuracy of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample is improved, the cutting damage of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample is reduced, and the quality stability is improved.

Description

Preparation device and preparation method of carbon fiber composite tensile sample
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of performance test of fiber winding composite materials, and particularly relates to a device and a method for preparing a carbon fiber composite material tensile sample.
Background
Carbon fiber has a series of excellent performances such as high tensile strength, high tensile modulus, low density, high temperature resistance, abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like, so that the carbon fiber is widely applied to the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like, and the accurate representation of the performance of the carbon fiber composite material is a key for obtaining practical application.
The 0-degree direction tensile sample of the carbon fiber composite material is a standard evaluation mode for the performance of the unidirectional fiber winding molding composite material, and the test result is an important parameter for product design and finite element analysis, so that the device and the preparation method for accurately representing the 0-degree direction tensile preparation of the carbon fiber composite material have important significance.
The traditional preparation process of the 0-degree direction tensile sample of the carbon fiber composite material refers to GB/T4550-2005, a flat plate is made of a metal clamping plate, then the flat plate is processed to the size required by GB/T3354-2014, and reinforcing sheets are bonded at two ends of the tensile sample. At present, the existing sample preparation devices and methods are different in the size of the prepared flat plate and the bonding process of the reinforcing sheet, but all the existing sample preparation devices and methods need to process the sample to obtain the size required by the test of the sample. It can be seen that the existing method has the problems of cutting damage to the fiber in the 0 degree stretching direction, poor dimensional accuracy and the like, and the quality and stability of the prepared sample cannot be ensured.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN11537321a discloses a mold and a method for testing a sample with support-oriented fiber reinforced composite material, which molds the sample by matching a rectangular boss one with a rectangular boss two, because the area for processing the sample is located at the center of the mold, during demolding after processing, the sample needs to be cut in multiple directions to prepare a sample suitable for testing, but during the cutting process, cutting damage is caused to the edge of the sample, and at the same time, the stress condition of the edge of the sample is changed to a certain extent, which affects the accuracy of the sample result, and at the same time, during one processing process, multiple types of samples cannot be processed.
In view of this, it is currently needed to propose a device and a method for preparing a carbon fiber composite tensile sample with accurate positioning and no cutting damage.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation device and a preparation method for a carbon fiber composite tensile sample with the characteristics of accurate positioning and no cutting damage.
The preparation device of the carbon fiber composite tensile sample comprises the following components:
the winding mandrel is provided with two processing surfaces and two cutting surfaces, and the processing surfaces and the cutting surfaces are alternately arranged and connected end to end;
the processing surface comprises a plurality of molding areas and a mounting area; each of said molding zones having at least one winding groove adapted to prepare a sample;
the cutting surface is an arc surface, and a processing groove is arranged along the top of the arc surface of the cutting surface, and is suitable for demoulding a sample;
the bottom plate is positioned at one side of the winding mandrel and is detachably connected with the installation area;
the cover plate is positioned on the other side of the winding mandrel and is detachably connected with the installation area;
and one end of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the winding core mould, and the other end of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the fiber winding machine.
Further, the number of the molding areas is at least two, and each molding area is positioned between two adjacent mounting areas; the groove width of the winding groove is 12.5+/-0.1 mm, and the groove depth is 1-3 mm.
Further, the winding clamping shaft is a stepped shaft and comprises a first connecting shaft section, a main shaft section and a second connecting shaft section which are integrally connected; the first connecting shaft section of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the winding core mould; the second connecting shaft section of the winding clamping shaft is connected with a fiber winding machine.
Furthermore, a plurality of positioning pin holes are correspondingly formed in the winding core mold, the bottom plate and the cover plate.
Furthermore, the installation area, the bottom plate and the cover plate are respectively provided with a plurality of installation through holes correspondingly, and fixing bolts are arranged in the installation through holes.
Further, a reverse spring is arranged between the nut of the fixing bolt and the cover plate.
Further, handles are arranged on the cover plate and the bottom plate.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample, which comprises the following steps:
s1, demolding the winding core mold, the bottom plate and the cover plate by using a demolding material;
s2: taking a molding material of a carbon fiber composite material tensile sample, wherein the molding material comprises a matrix material and a reinforcing material;
s3, winding the reinforcing material in the S2 on the winding core mold after impregnating the matrix material, determining the winding yarn width and the winding layer number according to the type of the reinforcing material in the S2, and controlling the winding thickness;
s4, assembling the winding core mould, the bottom plate and the cover plate which are wound in the step S3, mounting a winding clamping shaft on the winding core mould, and determining the curing temperature for curing according to the type of the matrix material in the step S2;
and S4, dismantling the winding clamping shaft, cutting the carbon fiber composite material along a processing groove on the winding mandrel, and dismantling the bottom plate and the cover plate in sequence to finish demoulding of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample.
Further, the matrix material in step S2 is one of epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin and unsaturated polyester resin.
Further, the reinforcing material in the step S2 is one or more of T700SC-12K carbon fiber, T700SC-24K carbon fiber, T800 grade carbon fiber and T1000 grade carbon fiber.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) According to the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device, the size of the tensile sample is ensured when the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device is designed through the size setting of the winding grooves of the processing area, so that the cutting processing of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample in the width direction is reduced, the dimensional accuracy of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample is improved, the secondary processing of the sample tensile direction is not needed, the cutting damage to the fibers in the tensile direction is avoided, and the tensile property of the composite material can be reflected more truly.
(2) According to the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device, the reverse spring is additionally arranged on the fixing bolt, so that the continuous clamping effect of the cover plate and the bottom plate on the winding core mould in the curing process can be ensured, and the quality of the sample is improved.
(3) The carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device can adjust the number and the groove depth of the winding core mould grooves according to the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device, can manufacture composite material tensile samples of 2 groups (types) or more than 2 groups (types) of fibers at one time, reduces the influence of factors such as winding equipment, gum dipping process and the like on the samples in the process of winding and sample preparation for multiple times, further reduces errors, and can more accurately and stably represent the tensile property of the composite material.
(4) According to the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device, through the plurality of winding grooves, cutting processing in the width direction of a sample is reduced, sample preparation efficiency is improved, waste of materials at the edge of the sample due to cutting processing is avoided, and therefore sample preparation cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for preparing a tensile sample of a carbon fiber composite material provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a winding mandrel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a winding and clamping shaft according to the present invention;
wherein, 1, cover plate; 2. a bottom plate; 3. winding a core mold; 4. winding a clamping shaft; 5. a positioning pin; 6. a fixing bolt; 7. a reverse spring; 31. winding grooves; 32. a processing groove; 33. a connection hole; 34. positioning pin holes; 35. bolt holes; 41. a second connecting shaft section; 42. a main shaft section; 43. a first connecting shaft section; 44. and positioning the boss.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
The apparatus for preparing a carbon fiber composite tensile sample according to this embodiment includes a winding mandrel 3, a bottom plate 2, a cover plate 1, and a winding and holding shaft 4, as shown in fig. 1.
The winding mandrel 3 is rectangular in whole and is provided with two groups of adjacent processing surfaces and cutting surfaces, each group of processing surfaces and each group of cutting surfaces are arranged adjacently, and a plurality of molding areas and mounting areas are arranged on each processing surface; the molding zone is provided with a plurality of winding grooves 31 which are distributed at intervals, and the winding grooves 31 are suitable for preparing carbon fiber composite material tensile samples. The number of the molding areas is two, each molding area is positioned between two adjacent mounting areas, and two winding grooves 31 are formed in each molding area. By means of the two molding zones and the winding groove 31, the width of the winding groove 31 is 12.5mm, and the groove depth is 1.3mm. According to the method, eight carbon fiber composite material tensile samples are molded simultaneously, the size of the tensile samples is guaranteed when the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample preparation device is designed through the size setting of the winding grooves of the processing area, the cutting processing of the carbon fiber composite material tensile samples in the width direction is reduced, the dimensional accuracy of the carbon fiber composite material tensile samples is improved, secondary processing is not needed in the sample tensile direction, cutting damage is avoided to fibers in the tensile direction, and the tensile performance of the composite material can be reflected more truly.
The two opposite side surfaces of the winding core mold 3 along the length direction are cut surfaces, the cut surfaces are cambered surfaces, and a processing groove 32 is formed in the cambered surface vertex of the cut surfaces along the width direction of the winding core mold 3.
The base plate 2 and the cover plate 1 are respectively positioned at a pair of processing surface positions of the winding mandrel 3 and are detachably connected through a pair of mounting areas of the processing surfaces.
And as shown in fig. 2 and 3, one end of the winding clamping shaft 4 is connected with the winding core mold 3 and is in threaded connection with the connecting hole 33 of the winding core mold 3, the other end of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the fiber winding machine, the winding clamping shaft 4 rotates under the driving of the fiber winding machine, and the carbon fiber tensile sample is wound on the winding groove 31 of the winding core mold 3 under the rotation of the winding core mold 3.
As a further preferable mode of the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the winding and clamping shaft 4 is a stepped shaft, and includes a first connecting shaft section 43, a main shaft section 42, and a second connecting shaft section 43 that are integrally connected; the first connecting shaft section 43 of the winding clamping shaft 4 is connected with the winding mandrel 3; the second connecting shaft section 43 of the winding clamping shaft 4 is connected to a filament winding machine. The second connecting shaft section 43 of the winding clamping shaft 44 is further provided with a positioning boss 44, which is suitable for playing a positioning role when being connected with the winding core mold 3, so that the winding clamping shaft 44 is convenient to be connected with the winding core mold 3.
Furthermore, for positioning and mounting the winding mandrel 3 and the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1, a plurality of positioning pin holes 34 are correspondingly formed in the winding mandrel 3, the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1, positioning pins 5 are arranged in the positioning pin holes 34, and positioning and aligning effects are achieved on the winding mandrel 3, the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 before the winding mandrel 3, the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 are mounted through the positioning pins 5, so that mounting convenience and accuracy are improved; the installation area, the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 are all provided with a plurality of installation through holes, and fixing bolts 6 are arranged in the installation through holes.
Further, in order to achieve convenience in mounting and dismounting the winding core mold 3, the base plate 2, and the cover plate 1, handles are provided on both the cover plate 1 and the base plate 2. By means of the handle, the holding convenience during installation is improved.
As a further preferable mode of the embodiment, a reverse spring 7 is arranged between the nut of the fixing bolt 6 and the cover plate, so that the continuous clamping effect of the cover plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 on the winding mandrel 3 in the curing process can be ensured, and the quality of the sample can be improved.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the carbon fiber composite tensile sample, which comprises the following steps:
s1: demolding the winding mandrel 3, the bottom plate 2 and the cover plate 1 by using silicone grease;
s2: preparing a molding material of a carbon fiber composite material tensile sample, selecting an epoxy resin system as matrix resin, and selecting T700SC-12K carbon fiber as a reinforcing material.
S3: and (2) after the carbon fiber selected in the step (S2) is immersed in the resin glue solution, winding in each groove in the winding mandrel (3), wherein the winding parameters are 1 carbon fiber yarn, the yarn width is 4mm, and the number of winding layers is 10.
S4: and (3) assembling the winding core mould, the bottom plate and the cover plate which are wound in the step (S3), connecting a winding shaft with the winding core mould, selecting a proper temperature according to the type of the matrix material selected in the step (S2), and curing the carbon fiber composite material sample by adopting a curing furnace. In the embodiment, the curing equipment adopts a high-temperature curing furnace, and the epoxy resin curing system is that the temperature is raised to 90 ℃ from room temperature, the temperature is kept for 2 hours, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 3 hours, and the temperature is raised to 160 ℃ and the temperature is kept for 6 hours. The temperature rising rate is 0.5-2 ℃/min.
And S5, dismantling the winding clamping shaft, cutting the carbon fiber composite material along the processing groove on the winding mandrel, and dismantling the bottom plate and the cover plate in sequence to finish demoulding of the carbon fiber composite material sample.
Examples
The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the width of the winding groove 31 of the winding core mold 3 is 12.5mm, the groove depth is 2mm, and T700SC-12K carbon fiber is selected for winding, and 15 layers are wound along the rotation direction of the winding core mold 3.
Examples
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the width of the winding groove 31 of the winding core mold 3 is 12.5mm, the groove depth is 1.3mm, and the winding core mold 3 is wound by adopting T800SC-24K carbon fiber, and 8 layers of winding layers are wound along the rotation direction of the winding core mold 3.
Examples
The present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the width of the winding grooves 31 of the winding core mold 3 is 12.5mm, the groove depths of the two winding grooves 31 in the same installation area are 1.3mm and 2mm respectively, and the T700SC-12K carbon fibers are selected for winding in the two winding grooves 31 with different sizes, the grooves with the groove depths of 1.3mm are wound for 10 layers, and the grooves with the groove depths of 2mm are wound for 15 layers.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. The preparation device of the carbon fiber composite tensile sample is characterized by comprising:
the winding mandrel is provided with two processing surfaces and two cutting surfaces, and the processing surfaces and the cutting surfaces are alternately arranged and connected end to end;
the processing surface comprises a plurality of molding areas and a mounting area; each of said molding zones having at least one winding groove adapted to prepare a sample; the number of the molding areas is at least two, and each molding area is positioned between two adjacent mounting areas; two winding grooves are formed in each molding area; the groove width of the winding groove is 12.5+/-0.1 mm, and the groove depth is 1-3mm;
the two opposite side surfaces of the winding mandrel along the length direction are cut surfaces; the cutting surface is an arc surface, and a processing groove is arranged along the top of the arc surface of the cutting surface, and is suitable for demoulding a sample;
the bottom plate is positioned at one side of the winding mandrel and is detachably connected with the installation area;
the cover plate is positioned on the other side of the winding mandrel and is detachably connected with the installation area; handles are arranged on the cover plate and the bottom plate; a plurality of positioning pin holes are correspondingly formed in the winding core mold, the bottom plate and the cover plate; the mounting area, the bottom plate and the cover plate are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting through holes correspondingly, and fixing bolts are arranged in the mounting through holes; a reverse spring is arranged between the nut of the fixed bolt and the cover plate;
the winding clamping shaft is connected with the winding core mould at one end and connected with the fiber winding machine at the other end; the winding clamping shaft is a stepped shaft and comprises a first connecting shaft section, a main shaft section and a second connecting shaft section which are integrally connected; the first connecting shaft section of the winding clamping shaft is connected with the winding core mould; the second connecting shaft section of the winding clamping shaft is connected with a fiber winding machine.
2. A method for preparing a carbon fiber composite tensile sample, characterized in that the preparation is performed by using the preparation device for the carbon fiber composite tensile sample according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
s1, demolding the winding core mold, the bottom plate and the cover plate by using a demolding material;
s2: taking a molding material of a carbon fiber composite material tensile sample, wherein the molding material comprises a matrix material and a reinforcing material;
s3, winding the reinforcing material in the S2 on the winding core mold after impregnating the matrix material, determining the winding yarn width and the winding layer number according to the type of the reinforcing material in the S2, and controlling the winding thickness;
s4, assembling the winding core mould, the bottom plate and the cover plate which are wound in the step S3, mounting a winding clamping shaft on the winding core mould, and determining the curing temperature for curing according to the type of the matrix material in the step S2;
and S5, dismantling the winding clamping shaft, cutting the carbon fiber composite material along a processing groove on the winding mandrel, and dismantling the bottom plate and the cover plate in sequence to finish demoulding of the carbon fiber composite material tensile sample.
3. The method for preparing a carbon fiber composite tensile test specimen according to claim 2, wherein the matrix material in step S2 is one of epoxy resin, vinyl ester resin and unsaturated polyester resin.
4. The method for preparing a carbon fiber composite tensile specimen according to claim 3, wherein the reinforcing material in the step S2 is one or more of T700SC-12K carbon fiber, T700SC-24K carbon fiber, T800-grade carbon fiber and T1000-grade carbon fiber.
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