CN112491416B - Real-time monitoring and feedback system for RF potential of ion trap for ion microwave frequency standard - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system and method for ion microwave frequency standards, specifically to a real-time monitoring feedback method, and in particular to a precise, real-time, non-destructive monitoring feedback for ion trap radio frequency potential. method. The real-time non-destructive monitoring system of the ion trap radio frequency potential in the present invention has real-time characteristics compared with the equivalent capacitance solution. Compared with other real-time monitoring solutions, the isolation level design enhances non-destructiveness; the detection circuit obtains RF amplitude information and feeds it back to the FPGA-based RF generation system to adjust the RF amplitude in real time, greatly improving the amplitude stability of the RF signal. .

Description

An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring and feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards

Technical field

The invention relates to a real-time monitoring and feedback system for ion trap radio frequency potential for ion microwave frequency standards, specifically to a real-time monitoring and feedback method, and in particular to a precise, real-time, non-destructive monitoring and feedback system for ion trap radio frequency potential.

Background technique

The atomic time and frequency standard (referred to as the atomic frequency standard or atomic clock) is the most accurate frequency and time standard device and is widely used in positioning, navigation, communications, military and other fields. It uses the electromagnetic wave frequency radiated by specific energy level transitions of the working materials (such as rubidium atoms, cesium atoms, mercury ions, etc.) as the reference frequency to frequency or phase lock the practical frequency source, thereby obtaining the same accuracy and stability as the atomic reference standard. standard frequency signal.

In traditional atomic clocks (rubidium clocks, cesium clocks), the first-order Doppler frequency shift and broadening effect of the transition spectral lines caused by the motion effect of atoms have become one of the important factors limiting the stability and accuracy. The ion microwave frequency standard is a new type of atomic clock. Since the ions are dynamically bound in a specific vacuum environment, the motion scale is much lower than the clock transition wavelength. It can eliminate the first-order Doppler effect and delay the quantum state coherence time to tens of seconds. . The radio frequency drive circuit generates two radio frequency signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase and matches them to the capacitive load of the ion trap, providing the most basic pseudopotential field for the stable confinement of ions and precise control of their external state. The accuracy and long-term stability of the radio frequency potential field are one of the core factors restricting the precise control of ions. Currently, they are mainly limited by environmental coupling effects such as radio frequency generation, temperature change response characteristics of the amplification circuit, and parasitic and induced capacitive reactance. Therefore, establishing a real-time monitoring and servo feedback system for radio frequency potential fields is crucial to achieve real-time non-destructive detection, evaluation and stable control of radio frequency amplitude, frequency, phase and other electrical characteristics.

At present, signal monitoring of ion trap radio frequency potential generally uses capacitor voltage division to convert high-voltage signals into low-voltage signals to monitor electrical parameters (RF amplitude, frequency, phase relative jitter). This has the following problems: (1) Due to the capacitance of Manufacturing accuracy, measurement of RF relative amplitude differences is inaccurate. (2) After capacitor voltage division, when measuring radio frequency parameters directly, the introduction of measuring instruments or devices (such as oscilloscope probes) will cause changes in the radio frequency potential of the ion trap, making the measurement results unreliable.

Radio frequency loading and radio frequency potential detection of ion traps are currently implemented. However, there are the following problems:

(1) The ion trap radio frequency driver does not have an amplitude feedback control system.

(2) In the ion trap radio frequency potential detection scheme, the capacitor voltage division method does not consider the manufacturing accuracy of the capacitor, and the relative amplitude difference cannot be accurately measured.

(3) In the ion trap radio frequency potential detection scheme, the introduction of external measuring instruments or devices (such as oscilloscope probes) will cause changes in the ion trap radio frequency potential, making the measurement results unreliable.

Contents of the invention

Technical problems solved by the present invention: overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology, and proposing an ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring and feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards. On the one hand, it solves the problem of parasitic inductance of the dynamic potential field monitored circuit in the current ion microwave frequency standards, Affected by the capacitance effect, it is difficult to measure amplitude, phase, harmonic clutter and other issues with high precision in real time; on the other hand, it solves the problem of poor stability of the trapped ion radio frequency amplitude in the current ion microwave frequency standard.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention:

A real-time monitoring feedback system for ion trap radio frequency potential used for ion microwave frequency standards. The real-time monitoring feedback system is used to real-time monitor the radio frequency signal of the ion trap. The radio frequency signal is provided through a radio frequency drive circuit; the real-time monitoring feedback system includes a dual Knife double throw switch, two isolation stages, two detectors, two emitter followers, two counters, two spectrum analyzers, two amplitude data collectors, two π-shaped matching networks and a servo feedback circuit; two The component voltage-capacitor pairs are respectively the first component voltage-capacitor pair and the second component voltage-capacitor pair; the two isolation stages are the first isolation stage and the second isolation stage respectively, and the two detectors are the first detector and the second detector respectively. Two detectors, the two emitter followers are the first emitter follower and the second emitter follower respectively, the two counters are the first counter and the second counter respectively, and the two spectrum analyzers are the first spectrum analyzer and the second spectrum analyzer respectively. instrument, the two amplitude data collectors are a first amplitude data collector and a second amplitude data collector respectively, and the two π-shaped matching networks are respectively a first π-shaped matching network and a second π-shaped matching network;

The two input terminals of the double-pole double-throw switch are connected to the two output terminals of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit (one of the input terminals of the double-pole double throw switch is connected to one output of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit). terminal, the other input terminal of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the other output terminal of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit), two of the output terminals of the double-pole double-throw switch are connected to the first group of voltage dividing capacitors, A set of opposite pole-shaped electrodes of the ion trap is connected, and the other two output terminals of the double-pole double throw are connected to the second set of partial voltage capacitor pairs and another set of opposite pole-shaped electrodes of the ion trap; the first set of partial voltage capacitors The potential between the two capacitors of the pair is V _{test terminal 1} , the potential between the two capacitors of the second voltage dividing capacitor pair is V _{test terminal 2} , and the potential of one of the output terminals of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit is V _{ion Trap 1} , the potential of the other output terminal of the last stage of the RF drive circuit is V _{ion trap 2.} When the double-pole double-throw switch is turned to one of the gears, the voltage of V _{ion trap 1} is divided by V _{test terminal 1} , V _{ion trap} 1. After the voltage division of _{trap 2} , it is V _{test terminal 1} ; when it is turned to another level, after the voltage division of V _{ion trap 1} , it is V _{test terminal 2} , and after the voltage division of V _{ion trap 2} , it is V _{test terminal 1} ;

The two capacitors of the first group of voltage dividing capacitors are connected to the first isolation stage, which reduces the impact of the subsequent test system on the RF potential of the ion trap and ensures the non-destructiveness of the monitoring system;

The signal output by the first isolation stage is divided into three channels, namely the first channel, the second channel and the third channel;

The first signal output by the first isolation stage is connected to the first counter to measure the stability of the frequency;

After the second signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first emitter follower and the first π-shaped matching network, it is connected to the first spectrum analyzer to monitor the ratio of clutter power to signal power and monitor the integrity of the waveform;

After the third signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first detector, it is converted into a DC signal and connected to the first amplitude data collector. The first amplitude data collector feeds back the collected RF amplitude information to the RF drive circuit. In, a servo feedback circuit is used for feedback control of the ion trap RF amplitude;

After design and optimization, the voltage value of the DC signal has a linear correlation with the ion trap radio frequency potential, and the correlation coefficient (Correlation coefficient, COD) is R ² =0.99995. Achieve real-time precision amplitude measurement of monitoring signals, and evaluate amplitude stability and relative amplitude difference. The detection circuit obtains RF amplitude information and feeds it back to the RF drive circuit, which adjusts the RF amplitude in real time to improve the amplitude stability of the ion trap RF potential. The amplitude stability can reach the order of 10 ^-4 (average of 1 to 2.5×10 ⁴ s in time).

The two capacitors of the second group of voltage dividing capacitors are connected to the second isolation stage, which reduces the impact of the subsequent test system on the ion trap radio frequency potential and ensures the non-destructiveness of the monitoring system;

The signal output by the second isolation stage is divided into three channels, namely the first channel, the second channel and the third channel;

The first signal output by the second isolation stage is connected to the second counter to measure the stability of the frequency;

After the second signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second emitter follower and the second π-shaped matching network, it is connected to the second spectrum analyzer to monitor the ratio of clutter power to signal power and monitor the integrity of the waveform;

After the third signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second detector, it is converted into a DC signal and connected to the second amplitude data collector. The second amplitude data collector feeds back the collected RF amplitude information to the RF drive circuit. In, a servo feedback circuit is used for feedback control of the ion trap RF amplitude;

Connect the output end of the first isolation stage of V _{test terminal 1} and the output end of the second isolation stage of V _{test terminal 2} to the same counter. The relative phase jitter can be measured, and the output of the first amplitude data collector of V _{test terminal 1} can be measured. Compare with the output of the second amplitude data collector of V _{test terminal 2} to measure the relative amplitude difference;

The RF drive circuit loads RF signals onto the ion trap. At this time, the ion trap loads two high-voltage RF signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases. If the relative amplitude difference between the two RF signals loaded into the ion trap is large, it will cause the ion trap RF The asymmetry of the potential plane and the movement of the potential energy saddle point during the confinement process produce a heating effect, which increases the ion energy. Therefore, ion confinement requires that the potential energy saddle point coincide with the geometric center, that is, the radio frequency amplitude is consistent and stable. This solution can achieve a relative amplitude difference. precision measurement.

Schematic diagram of part of the device that realizes capacitor voltage division and test terminal signal acquisition, including a double-pole double-throw switch and a pair of voltage-dividing capacitors. Double-pole double-throw switches and voltage-dividing capacitors convert high-voltage RF signals into low-voltage RF signals that are easy to measure. The capacitance values C ₁ =C ₃ and C ₂ =C ₄ have the same theoretical voltage dividing ratio. C1 and C2 are the first voltage dividing capacitor pair, and C3 and C4 are the second voltage dividing capacitor pair, that is

Due to the manufacturing precision of capacitors, it is impossible to guarantee that the capacitance values are completely equal, that is, the voltage division ratios are inconsistent. The introduction of the double-pole double-throw switch can effectively avoid the problem of inconsistent voltage dividing ratios. By turning the switch to different gears, the obtained voltage dividing formula is as follows:

Combining the above equations, we get the relative amplitude difference η:

The relative amplitude difference of the ion trap radio frequency potential, that is, the relative amplitude difference between V _{ion trap 1} and V _{ion trap 2} , can be obtained by measuring V′ _{test terminal 1} and V _{test terminal 1.} The measured relative amplitude difference is not affected by the capacitor manufacturing accuracy. impact and high measurement accuracy.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention consists of a double-pole double-throw switch, a voltage dividing capacitor pair, an isolation stage, a detector, an emitter follower, a matching circuit and a servo feedback circuit;

The FPGA-based radio frequency generation system provides sine waves with adjustable frequency and amplitude. After power amplification by the power amplifier, the boost coil resonates with the ion trap and increases the ion trap radio frequency amplitude to a dual channel of 1000V (a single channel amplitude of 500V ); the real-time monitoring circuit performs real-time non-destructive monitoring of the ion trap radio frequency potential. The parameters that can be monitored include: relative amplitude difference, frequency stability, waveform integrity, relative phase difference. The detector output DC signal is fed back to the FPGA-based RF generation system improves the amplitude stability of ion trap RF potential.

Compared with existing methods, this method has the following advantages:

(1) The real-time non-destructive monitoring system of ion trap radio frequency potential in this solution has real-time characteristics compared with the equivalent capacitance solution. Compared with other real-time monitoring solutions, the isolation level design enhances non-destructiveness; the detection circuit obtains RF amplitude information and feeds it back to the FPGA-based RF generation system to adjust the RF amplitude in real time, greatly improving the amplitude stability of the RF signal. .

(2) In the relative amplitude difference measurement part of this solution, the voltage dividing design of the double-pole double-throw switch and the two sets of capacitor pairs can avoid the impact of the capacitor manufacturing accuracy on the relative amplitude difference measurement and greatly improve the relative amplitude difference measurement accuracy.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a device that realizes real-time monitoring and feedback control of radio frequency potential;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of part of the device that realizes capacitor voltage division and test terminal signal acquisition;

Figure 3 shows the amplitude stability (standard deviation) of the radio frequency signal.

Detailed ways

A real-time monitoring feedback system for ion trap radio frequency potential used for ion microwave frequency standards. The real-time monitoring feedback system is used to real-time monitor the radio frequency signal of the ion trap. The radio frequency signal is provided through a radio frequency drive circuit; the real-time monitoring feedback system includes a dual Knife double throw switch, two isolation stages, two detectors, two emitter followers, two counters, two spectrum analyzers, two amplitude data collectors, two π-shaped matching networks and a servo feedback circuit; two The component voltage-capacitor pairs are respectively the first component voltage-capacitor pair and the second component voltage-capacitor pair; the two isolation stages are the first isolation stage and the second isolation stage respectively, and the two detectors are the first detector and the second detector respectively. Two detectors, the two emitter followers are the first emitter follower and the second emitter follower respectively, the two counters are the first counter and the second counter respectively, and the two spectrum analyzers are the first spectrum analyzer and the second spectrum analyzer respectively. instrument, the two amplitude data collectors are a first amplitude data collector and a second amplitude data collector respectively, and the two π-shaped matching networks are respectively a first π-shaped matching network and a second π-shaped matching network;

The two input terminals of the double-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to the two output terminals of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit (one of the input terminals of the double-pole double throw switch is connected to one of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit). On the output end, the other input end of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the other output end of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit), and two of the output ends of the double-pole double-throw switch are paired with the first group of voltage dividing capacitors. , a set of opposite pole-shaped electrodes of the ion trap is connected, and the other two output terminals of the double-pole double throw are connected to the second group of partial voltage capacitor pairs and another set of opposite pole-shaped electrodes of the ion trap; the first group of partial voltage The potential between the two capacitors of the capacitor pair is V _{test terminal 1} , the potential between the two capacitors of the second voltage dividing capacitor pair is V _{test terminal 2} , and the potential of one of the output terminals of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit is V _{Ion trap 1} , the potential of the other output terminal of the last stage of the RF drive circuit is V _{ion trap 2.} When the double-pole double throw switch is turned to one of the gears, the voltage of V _{ion trap 1} is V _{test terminal 1} , V After _{the ion trap 2} is divided, it is V _{test terminal 1} ; when it is turned to another level, after the V _{ion trap 1} is divided, it is V _{test terminal 2} , and after the V _{ion trap 2} is divided, it is V _{test terminal 1} ;

The two capacitors of the first group of voltage dividing capacitors are connected to the first isolation stage, which reduces the impact of the subsequent test system on the RF potential of the ion trap and ensures the non-destructiveness of the monitoring system;

The signal output by the first isolation stage is divided into three channels, namely the first channel, the second channel and the third channel;

The first signal output by the first isolation stage is connected to the first counter to measure the stability of the frequency;

After the second signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first emitter follower and the first π-shaped matching network, it is connected to the first spectrum analyzer to monitor the ratio of clutter power to signal power and monitor the integrity of the waveform;

After the third signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first detector, it is converted into a DC signal and connected to the first amplitude data collector. The first amplitude data collector feeds back the collected RF amplitude information to the RF drive circuit. In, a servo feedback circuit is used for feedback control of the ion trap RF amplitude;

After design and optimization, the voltage value of the DC signal has a linear correlation with the ion trap radio frequency potential, and the correlation coefficient (Correlation coefficient, COD) is R ² =0.99995. Achieve real-time precision amplitude measurement of monitoring signals and evaluate amplitude stability. The detection circuit obtains RF amplitude information and feeds it back to the RF drive circuit, which adjusts the RF amplitude in real time to improve the amplitude stability of the ion trap RF potential. The amplitude stability can reach the order of 10 ^-4 (average of 1 to 2.5×10 ⁴ s in time).

The two capacitors of the second group of voltage dividing capacitors are connected to the second isolation stage, which reduces the impact of the subsequent test system on the ion trap radio frequency potential and ensures the non-destructiveness of the monitoring system;

The signal output by the second isolation stage is divided into three channels, namely the first channel, the second channel and the third channel;

The first signal output by the second isolation stage is connected to the second counter to measure the stability of the frequency;

After the second signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second emitter follower and the second π-shaped matching network, it is connected to the second spectrum analyzer to monitor the ratio of clutter power to signal power and monitor the integrity of the waveform;

After the third signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second detector, it is converted into a DC signal and connected to the second amplitude data collector. The second amplitude data collector feeds back the collected RF amplitude information to the RF drive circuit. In, a servo feedback circuit is used for feedback control of the ion trap RF amplitude;

Connect the output end of the first isolation stage of V _{test terminal 1} and the output end of the second isolation stage of V _{test terminal 2} to the same counter. The relative phase jitter can be measured, and the output of the first amplitude data collector of V _{test terminal 1} can be measured. Compare with the output of the second amplitude data collector of V _{test terminal 2} to measure the relative amplitude difference;

The RF drive circuit loads RF signals onto the ion trap. At this time, the ion trap loads two high-voltage RF signals with the same amplitude and opposite phases. If the relative amplitude difference between the two RF signals loaded into the ion trap is large, it will cause the ion trap RF The asymmetry of the potential plane and the movement of the potential energy saddle point during the confinement process produce a heating effect, which increases the ion energy. Therefore, ion confinement requires that the potential energy saddle point coincide with the geometric center, that is, the radio frequency amplitude is consistent and stable. This solution can achieve a relative amplitude difference. precision measurement.

Schematic diagram of part of the device that realizes capacitor voltage division and test terminal signal acquisition, including a double-pole double-throw switch and a pair of voltage-dividing capacitors. Double-pole double-throw switches and voltage-dividing capacitors convert high-voltage RF signals into low-voltage RF signals that are easy to measure. The capacitance values C ₁ = C ₃ and C ₂ = C ₄ have the same theoretical voltage dividing ratio. C ₁ and C ₂ are the first group of voltage dividing capacitor pairs, and C ₃ and C ₄ are the second group of voltage dividing capacitor pairs. ,Right now

Due to the manufacturing precision of capacitors, it is impossible to guarantee that the capacitance values are completely equal, that is, the voltage division ratios are inconsistent. The introduction of the double-pole double-throw switch can effectively avoid the problem of inconsistent voltage dividing ratios. By turning the switch to different gears, the obtained voltage dividing formula is as follows:

Combining the above equations, we get the relative amplitude difference η:

The relative amplitude difference of the ion trap radio frequency potential, that is, the relative amplitude difference between V _{ion trap 1} and V _{ion trap 2} , can be obtained by measuring V′ _{test terminal 1} and V _{test terminal 1.} The measured relative amplitude difference is not affected by the capacitor manufacturing accuracy. impact and high measurement accuracy.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention consists of a double-pole double-throw switch, a voltage dividing capacitor pair, an isolation stage, a detector, an emitter follower, a matching circuit and a servo feedback circuit;

The FPGA-based radio frequency generation system provides sine waves with adjustable frequency and amplitude. After power amplification by the power amplifier, the boost coil resonates with the ion trap and increases the ion trap radio frequency amplitude to a dual channel of 1000V (a single channel amplitude of 500V ); the real-time monitoring circuit performs real-time non-destructive monitoring of the ion trap radio frequency potential. The parameters that can be monitored include: relative amplitude difference, frequency stability, waveform integrity, relative phase difference. The detector output DC signal is fed back to the FPGA-based RF generation system improves the amplitude stability of ion trap RF potential.

Example

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention consists of a double-pole double-throw switch, a voltage dividing capacitor pair, an isolation stage, a detector, an emitter follower, a matching circuit and a servo feedback circuit.

The first step is real-time monitoring and feedback

Referring to Figure 1, there is a schematic diagram of a device that implements real-time monitoring and feedback control of radio frequency potential, including a double-pole double-throw switch, a voltage dividing capacitor pair, an isolation stage, an emitter follower, a 50Ω impedance matching network, and a detector.

The FPGA-based radio frequency generation system provides sine waves with adjustable frequency and amplitude. After power amplification by the power amplifier, the boost coil resonates with the ion trap to increase the radio frequency amplitude to dual-channel 1000V (single-channel amplitude 500V); The real-time monitoring circuit performs real-time non-destructive monitoring of the ion trap radio frequency potential. The parameters that can be monitored include: relative amplitude difference, frequency stability, waveform integrity, relative phase difference. The detector output DC signal is fed back to the FPGA-based RF generation system to improve the amplitude stability of the ion trap radio frequency potential.

The second step is to design the voltage divider and measure the relative amplitude difference;

The RF drive circuit loads the RF signal onto the ion trap. At this time, the ion trap loads two high-voltage RF signals with the same amplitude and opposite phase. If the relative amplitude difference between the two radio frequency signals loaded into the ion trap is large, it will lead to asymmetry in the radio frequency potential plane of the ion trap and the movement of the potential energy saddle point during the trapping process, resulting in a heating effect and an increase in ion energy. Therefore, ion trapping requires that the potential energy saddle point coincide with the geometric center, that is, the radio frequency amplitude is consistent and stable. This solution can achieve precise measurement of relative amplitude differences.

Referring to Figure 2, there is a schematic diagram of part of the device that realizes capacitor voltage division and test terminal signal acquisition, including a double-pole double-throw switch and a pair of voltage-dividing capacitors. Double-pole double-throw switches and voltage-dividing capacitors convert high-voltage RF signals into low-voltage RF signals that are easy to measure. The capacitance values C ₁ =C ₃ and C ₂ =C ₄ have the same theoretical voltage dividing ratio, that is

Due to the manufacturing precision of capacitors, it is impossible to guarantee that the capacitance values are completely equal, that is, the voltage division ratios are inconsistent. The introduction of the double-pole double-throw switch can effectively avoid the problem of inconsistent voltage dividing ratios. By turning the switch to different gears, the obtained voltage dividing formula is as follows:

Combining the above equations, we get the relative amplitude difference η:

The relative amplitude difference of the ion trap radio frequency potential, that is, the relative amplitude difference between V _{ion trap 1} and V _{ion trap 2} , can be obtained by measuring V′ _{test terminal 1} and V _{test terminal 1.} The measured relative amplitude difference is not affected by the capacitor manufacturing accuracy. impact and high measurement accuracy.

The third step is non-destructive monitoring (frequency stability, waveform integrity, relative phase difference measurement)

The signals from test terminal 1 and test terminal 2 pass through the isolator, which reduces the impact of the subsequent test system on the RF potential of the ion trap and ensures the non-destructiveness of the monitoring system.

A part of the signal after the isolation stage is connected to the counter to measure the frequency stability. By connecting two radio frequency signals to the counter at the same time, the relative phase difference can be obtained, and the secondary coil of the boost coil can be adjusted to optimize the relative phase difference.

After a part of the signal after the isolation stage enters the emitter follower and π-shaped matching network, the output impedance is 50Ω. Connect to the spectrum analyzer to monitor the ratio of clutter power to signal power, monitor the integrity of the waveform, and monitor whether the waveform is distorted.

The fourth step is to improve the amplitude stability;

After the signal passes through the isolation stage, part of the signal is input to the detector and converted into a DC signal. After design and optimization, the voltage value of the DC signal has a linear correlation with the ion trap radio frequency potential, and the correlation coefficient (Correlationcoefficient, COD) is R ² =0.99995. Achieve real-time precision amplitude measurement of monitoring signals, and evaluate amplitude stability and relative amplitude difference.

The detection circuit obtains RF amplitude information and feeds it back to the FPGA-based RF generation system to adjust the RF amplitude in real time to improve the amplitude stability of the ion trap RF potential. As shown in Figure 3, the amplitude stability can reach the order of 10 ^-4 (average time of 1 to 2.5×10 ⁴ s).

Claims (7)

1. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards, characterized in that: the real-time monitoring feedback system is used to monitor the radio frequency signal of the ion trap in real time, and the radio frequency signal is provided by a radio frequency drive circuit; the real-time monitoring feedback system The monitoring feedback system includes a double-pole double-throw switch, two isolation stages, two detectors, two emitter followers, two counters, two spectrum analyzers, two amplitude data collectors, two π-shaped matching networks and A servo feedback circuit; the two component voltage capacitor pairs are the first voltage dividing capacitor pair and the second voltage dividing capacitor pair; the two isolation stages are the first isolation stage and the second isolation stage, and the two detectors are The first detector and the second detector, the two emitter followers are the first emitter follower and the second emitter follower respectively, the two counters are the first counter and the second counter respectively, and the two spectrum analyzers are the first Spectrum analyzer and second spectrum analyzer, the two amplitude data collectors are the first amplitude data collector and the second amplitude data collector respectively, and the two π-shaped matching networks are respectively the first π-shaped matching network and the second π-shaped matching network. network; The two input terminals of the double-pole double-throw switch are connected to the two output terminals of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit. Two of the output terminals of the double-pole double-throw switch are connected to the first group of voltage dividing capacitor pairs and one of the ion trap. A set of opposite pole-shaped electrodes is connected, and the other two output terminals of the double-pole double throw are connected to the second set of voltage-partitioning capacitor pairs and another set of opposite pole-shaped electrodes of the ion trap; two of the first set of voltage-partitioning capacitor pairs The potential between the capacitors is V _{test terminal 1} , the potential between the two capacitors of the second component voltage capacitor pair is V _{test terminal 2} , the potential of one of the output terminals of the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit is V _{ion trap 1} , radio frequency The potential of the other output terminal of the last stage of the drive circuit is V _{ion trap 2.} When the double-pole double throw switch is turned to one of the gears, the voltage of V _{ion trap 1} is divided by V _{test terminal 1} and V _{ion trap 2.} After that, there is V _{test terminal 1} ; when it is turned to another level, after the voltage division of V _{ion trap 1} , it is V _{test terminal 2} , and after the voltage division of V _{ion trap 2} , it is V _{test terminal 1} ; The two capacitors of the first group of voltage dividing capacitor pairs are connected to the first isolation stage; The signal output by the first isolation stage is divided into three channels, namely the first channel, the second channel and the third channel; The first signal output by the first isolation stage is connected to the first counter; After the second signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first emitter follower and the first π-shaped matching network, it is connected to the first spectrum analyzer; After the third signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first detector, it is converted into a DC signal and connected to the first amplitude data collector. The first amplitude data collector collects radio frequency amplitude information and uses the servo feedback circuit to analyze the ion trap. RF amplitude is feedback controlled; The two capacitors of the second group of voltage dividing capacitor pairs are connected to the second isolation stage; The signal output by the second isolation stage is divided into three channels, namely the first channel, the second channel and the third channel; The first signal output by the second isolation stage is connected to the second counter; After the second signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second emitter follower and the second π-shaped matching network, it is connected to the second spectrum analyzer; After the third signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second detector, it is converted into a DC signal and connected to the second amplitude data collector. The RF amplitude information collected by the second amplitude data collector is the same as the first amplitude data collection Compare the RF amplitude information collected by the device and evaluate the relative amplitude difference. 2. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two input terminals of the double-pole double-throw switch are connected to the last stage of the radio frequency drive circuit. The two output terminals refer to: one input terminal of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to an output terminal of the last stage of the RF drive circuit, and the other input terminal of the double-pole double-throw switch is connected to the RF driver on the other output of the last stage of the circuit. 3. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first signal output by the first isolation stage is connected to the first counter for measurement. For frequency stability, the second signal output by the first isolation stage enters the first emitter follower and the first π-shaped matching network and is connected to the first spectrum analyzer for monitoring the ratio of clutter power to signal power and monitoring the waveform. Integrity. 4. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first signal output by the second isolation stage is connected to the second counter for measurement. Frequency stability; the second signal output by the second isolation stage enters the second emitter follower and the second π-shaped matching network and is connected to the second spectrum analyzer for monitoring the ratio of clutter power to signal power, and monitoring that the waveform is intact sex. 5. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output terminal of the first isolation stage and the output terminal of the second isolation stage are connected to the same counter for measuring relative phase jitter. 6. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output of the first amplitude data collector is compared with the output of the second amplitude data collector. , used to measure the relative amplitude difference. 7. An ion trap radio frequency potential real-time monitoring feedback system for ion microwave frequency standards according to claim 1, characterized in that: a double-pole double-throw switch and a voltage dividing capacitor convert the high-voltage radio frequency signal into a low-voltage radio frequency that is convenient for measurement. signal, the method is: capacitance value C ₁ =C ₃ , C ₂ =C ₄ , C1 and C2 are the first component voltage capacitor pair, C3 and C4 are the second component voltage capacitor pair, that is The obtained partial pressure formula is as follows: Combining the above equations, we get the relative amplitude difference η: The relative amplitude difference of the ion trap radio frequency potential, that is, the relative amplitude difference between V _{ion trap 1} and V _{ion trap 2} , is obtained by measuring V' _{test terminal 1} and V _{test terminal 1} .