CN112553330B - 新型肿瘤相关转录因子zscan16及其在抑制肿瘤中的应用 - Google Patents
新型肿瘤相关转录因子zscan16及其在抑制肿瘤中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种新型肿瘤相关转录因子ZSCAN16及其在抑制肿瘤中的作用,属于生物医药技术领域。ZSCAN16基因作为膀胱癌治疗靶点的应用。本发明的优点如下:本发明揭示了ZSCAN16在膀胱癌发展的过程中可能发挥重要的生物学作用,并且其与肿瘤的发展也密切相关。本发明结果显示,ZSCAN16是膀胱癌发生和发展的关键新的癌基因。体外实验结果表明,ZSCAN16的沉默抑制了T24细胞的增殖、集落形成、细胞凋亡以及迁移和侵袭。ZSCAN16可作为膀胱癌调控的研究靶点,可作为肿瘤的诊断,预后评估标志物,还可作为靶点开发抑制肿瘤的药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及新型的肿瘤相关靶点ZSCAN16及其在抑制肿瘤中的应用,属于生物医药技术领域。
背景技术
膀胱癌是世界上最常见的泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤之一,自2015年以来,全球共有340万人罹患膀胱癌,每年新增43万例。中国膀胱癌的发病率和死亡率在过去的十年中迅速上升。吸烟、家族史、放疗史、反复膀胱感染和化学物质接触等已被证明是膀胱癌发生和进展的高危因素。膀胱癌患者的标准治疗包括放疗、化疗和手术切除。非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌的治疗包括内镜下膀胱肿瘤切除,术后辅助膀胱内灌注化疗,常用药物包括表阿霉素、阿霉素、卡介苗以及丝裂霉素。而对于肌肉浸润性膀胱癌,推荐MAVC方案即顺铂、阿霉素、长春碱联合甲氨蝶呤作为一线化疗方案。然而,尽管膀胱癌的诊断和治疗取得了进展,但在过去的几十年中,患者的总生存率没有改善。因此,研究新的分子治疗靶点势在必行,这有利于我们更加深入的认识膀胱癌的发病机制,以制定更加有效的分子治疗策略。
近年来,免疫治疗已成为癌症研究的热点。逃避免疫系统是癌症的标志。肿瘤细胞能表达一系列免疫抑制相关蛋白,诱导免疫细胞功能紊乱和凋亡。NF-κB(活化B细胞的核因子kappa轻链增强剂)转录因子家族在肿瘤进展与转移,以及免疫调节中发挥关键作用。NF-κB家族的所有蛋白质在其N末端都有一个相对同源结构域。p50和p65作为最常见的NF-κB信号传导途径的异源三聚体,与肿瘤密切相关。p50和p65的抑制作用主要通过与抑制蛋白IκBα结合来介导的,以抑制细胞核内信号传导。磷酸化、降解和泛素化作为IκBα转录后的主要修饰作用,导致p50或p65亚单位从IκB复合物中释放,引起核易位并最终导致一系列癌基因的激活。大量研究证明,PRMT5诱导了NF-κB的对称性去甲基化,以增强了其活性。膀胱癌细胞凋亡主要受NF-κB相关信号通路控制,与细胞增殖过程密切相关。鉴于存在大量潜在未知癌基因,寻找新转录因子或可调节关键转录因子的新基因,有助于为将来靶向治疗提供强有力的分子基础。
ZSCAN16(含锌指和16个结构域)是一个蛋白质编码基因,属于DNA结合转录因子家族。作为一种“新”的转录因子,ZSCAN16的功能和机制很少被报道。SCAN结构域家族是高度保守的锌指转录因子家族的一个亚群。在膀胱癌中,唯一报道的SCAN结构域家族成员是ZSCAN12,是膀胱癌潜在的生物标志物,可用于高级膀胱癌诊断。
而目前尚未有关于ZSCAN16基因与中膀胱癌相关的研究报道。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种新型肿瘤相关转录因子ZSCAN16。
本发明要解决的另一个技术问题是提供肿瘤相关转录因子ZSCAN16在抑制肿瘤中的作用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
ZSCAN16基因作为膀胱癌治疗靶点的应用。
ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂在制备预防和/或治疗膀胱癌的药物中的用途。
所述药物包括药学上可接受的载体和有效量的活性成分,其中所述的活性成分为ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂。
所述ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂选自ZSCAN16蛋白的抗体和/或ZSCAN16蛋白的结合蛋白。
ZSCAN16基因表达的抑制剂在制备预防和/或治疗膀胱癌的药物中的用途。
所述药物包括药学上可接受的载体和有效量的活性成分,其中所述的活性成分为ZSCAN16基因表达的抑制剂。
所述ZSCAN16基因的抑制剂选在ZSCAN16基因特异性的RNAi、ZSCAN16基因特异性的microRNA、或抑制ZSCAN16基因启动子的抑制剂中的一种或多种。
一种预防和/或治疗膀胱癌的药物,包括药学上可接受的载体和有效量的以下活性成分:ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂和/或ZSCAN16基因的抑制剂。
所述ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂选自ZSCAN16蛋白的抗体和/或ZSCAN16蛋白的结合蛋白;所述ZSCAN16基因表达的抑制剂选在ZSCAN16基因特异性的RNAi、ZSCAN16基因特异性的microRNA、或抑制ZSCAN16基因启动子的抑制剂中的一种或多种。
一种体外非治疗性抑制肿瘤细胞的方法,在ZSCAN16蛋白抑制剂或ZSCAN16基因抑制剂存在的条件下,培养肿瘤细胞,从而抑制肿瘤细胞。其中所述的肿瘤细胞是膀胱癌细胞。
根据我们之前的研究,我们发现ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中高度表达,这表明这可能是一个潜在的癌基因。在本发明中,我们旨在研究ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中的作用,我们的研究结果表明ZSCAN16在膀胱癌细胞中高度表达,沉默ZSCAN16抑制了膀胱癌细胞的增殖,进一步的Western Blot研究显示ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中通过调节NF-κB信号通路发挥作用。这些结果揭示了ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中作为一种新的治疗靶点的巨大前景。
众所周知,膀胱癌的发生和发展包括多种病理过程,涉及大规模的基因改变,其中癌基因的激活和肿瘤抑制因子的失活是膀胱肿瘤形成的关键事件。作为世界上最致命的癌症之一,膀胱癌的细胞内机制仍不清楚。我们有必要研究新的癌基因作为膀胱癌的治疗靶点。在我们之前的研究中(数据未发表),我们发现ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中高度表达。因此,为了进一步探讨ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中的作用,我们通过设计和筛选shRNA以沉默T24膀胱癌细胞系中的ZSCAN16,并最终确定两个最为有效的shRNA靶点KD1和KD2,以用于后续研究ZSCAN16对T24细胞功能的影响。
我们的研究结果表明,ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中是一种新的癌基因。我们发现ZSCAN16的mRNA表达与膀胱癌疾病进展呈正相关,即TCGA数据库中膀胱癌样中ZSCAN16的表达水平明显高于其癌旁正常组织水平。为了在功能上探讨ZSCAN16对膀胱癌细胞增殖的影响,我们利用双shRNA靶点,分别沉默T24细胞中的ZSCAN16。体内外实验结果表明,ZSCAN16是一种功能强大的转录因子,能影响细胞增殖、克隆形成和凋亡等多种细胞功能。
膀胱癌通常被认为容易转移,这是与患者预后密切相关的一个重要因素。通过伤口-愈合试验、划痕-迁移试验和侵袭试验,明确了ZSCAN16在膀胱癌转移和侵袭中的致癌作用。综上所述,ZSCAN16可能是膀胱癌的潜在致癌基因,为了进一步研究ZSCAN16致癌的细胞内机制,我们选择了22个与细胞增殖和转移密切相关的基因进行蛋白质免疫印迹分析,并进行功能回复确认实验。研究发展,NF-κB下调在ZSCAN16沉默调控中最为显著。NF-κ B是一种多效性转录因子,在几乎所有细胞类型中表达,是一系列信号转导事件的终点,这些信号转导事件是由大量与许多生物学过程如炎症、免疫、分化、炎症、细胞增殖,癌变和凋亡相关的刺激物所启动的。NF-κB被证明是一种由包含如RELA/p65,RELB,NFKB1/p105,NFKB1/p50,RE和NFKB2/p52等REL样结构域蛋白形成的同二聚体或异二聚体复合物。二聚体在其靶DNA的Kappa-B位点结合,因单个二聚体的分子特异性和亲和力不同,表现出对Kappa-B位点不同的结合能力。因此,除了直接结合转录激动因子,NF-κB家族成员也能够调节启动子对转录因子的可及性,从而间接调节基因表达。在本实验中,我们成功地通过过度表达NF-κB-p65回复了ZSCAN16基因沉默的功能,这证明ZSCAN16通过或部分通过NF-κB相关信号通路发挥其功能。
此外,除了NF-κ B,我们还检测了其他与癌症进展和转移相关的标志性基因。结果表明,ZSCAN16对P-P38、P-ERK、P-mTOR有一定的抑制作用。作为mTOR-MAPK通路中最常见的两种调节因子,p38和ERK在肿瘤的多细胞过程中起着重要的调节作用。此外,在前列腺癌、肺癌和卵巢癌等多种癌症中,AKT-mTOR-MAPK信号通路的激活与肿瘤发生进展的相关性已经得到了很好的研究。据此,我们发现在我们的研究中,AKT和mTOR信号也被ZSCAN16激活。综上所述,我们得出结论:AKT-mTOR-MAPK信号通路被ZSCAN16激活,这表明在细胞内机制中,NF-κ B介导的AKT-mTOR-MAPK网络与先前的报告一致。
在裸鼠膀胱癌模型体内实验中,实验组和对照组裸鼠分别经皮下注射ZSCAN16shRNA(T24 ZSCAN16 KD2组)和非沉默siRNA转导的T24细胞(T24 ZSCAN16 ND组)建立成瘤模型。计算两组成瘤体积并绘制成瘤曲线,测量两组裸鼠瘤体内荧光表达量。结果显示,与ND组相比,KD组的瘤体重量和瘤体区域内荧光表达量明显降低(P<0.05)。
本发明的优点如下:本发明揭示了ZSCAN16在膀胱癌发展的过程中可能发挥重要的生物学作用,并且其与肿瘤的发展也密切相关。本发明结果显示,ZSCAN16是膀胱癌发生和发展的新型关键癌基因。体外实验结果表明,ZSCAN16的沉默抑制了T24细胞的增殖、集落形成、细胞凋亡以及迁移和侵袭。ZSCAN16通过对NF-κ B介导的AKT-mTOR-MAPK信号通路的调控作用提示ZSCAN16可作为膀胱癌治疗甚至免疫调节治疗的关键靶点,可作为肿瘤的诊断以及预后评估的标志物,还可作为靶点开发抑制肿瘤的药物。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1示出ZSCAN16在TCGA肿瘤和膀胱癌细胞中的表达谱。图1A为TCGA样本库中19对膀胱癌组织及其相邻正常膀胱组织ZSCAN16的mRNA表达水平对比。图1B为qRT-PCR检测T24和5637细胞系中ZSCAN16的mRNA表达水平。图1C和图1D分别为qPCR法和Western Blot法验证T24细胞中shZSCAN16的沉默效能。KD1为沉默shZSCAN16靶点1(GAGTAAGTTCAGCTTAT)的缩写,KD2是沉默shZSCAN16靶点2(TAGAGTACACCGGAGTA)的缩写。采用GAPDH作为qPCR和Western blot实验内参对照。**,P<0.01。
图2所示ZSCAN16沉默对T24细胞增殖,凋亡,克隆功能的影响。实验组和对照组分别为KD1和KD2的shZSCAN16,以及阴性shRNA慢病毒转导的T24细胞。图2A所示,通过自动采集GFP标记的荧光图像检测仪计算细胞计数和倍增变化以进行细胞生长速度对比分析。图2B shRNA转染3天后连续5天通过MTT测定进行细胞活力对比(OD490)。图2C示通过CASPASE3/7活性对比,评估对细胞凋亡功能的影响。图2D示所示对比T24细胞集落形成能力以评估克隆功能影响。结果发现,KD1和KD2的shZSCAN16相比阴性shRNA对照组,能显著抑制T24膀胱癌细胞株的增殖,克隆,促进凋亡。误差条代表标准差。**,P-<0.01。
图3所示ZSCAN16沉默对T24细胞的转移和侵袭功能的影响。实验组和对照组分别为KD1和KD2的shZSCAN16,以及阴性对照shRNA转导的T24细胞。图3A为愈合试验,采用Celigo检测24小时后划痕宽度,结果显示是shZSCAN16显著抑制T24细胞迁移能力。图3B和图3C所示,在Trans-well和侵袭实验中,通过膜底细胞染色计数显示,shZSCAN16明显抑制T24细胞转移和侵袭能力。误差条代表标准差。**,P-<0.01。
图4所示shZSCAN16抑制NF-κB信号通路传导。图4A和图4B为Western blot分析22个肿瘤相关的关键基因,shZSCAN16下调基因:NF-κB-p65、FN1、CDH2、Twist、VIM、MMP2、Slug、mTOR、p38、MyC、P-AKT;上调基因:P-NF-κB-p65、MMP9、CDH1、P-P38、ERK1/2、P-ERK1/2、P-mTOR;不变基因:β-Catenin、P-β-Catenin、Snail,AKT。其中,NF-κB-p65表达量变化最为显著,提示NF-κB-p65可能是ZSCAN16的关键下游信号通路。为了验证NF-κB信号在ZSCAN16信号传导中的关键作用,我们在沉默ZSCAN16的同时,通过过表达NF-κB-p65进行功能回复实验。图4C和图4D分别为Trans-well和MTT的功能回复实验,结果显示KD+OE的组通过过表达NF-κB-p65能显著恢复shZSCAN16的T24细胞增殖和转移能力。误差条代表标准偏差(SD)。**,P-<0.01。
图5为体内实验:裸鼠膀胱癌模型相关附图。实验组(KD)为shZSCAN16 T24成瘤模型,对照组(NC)为阴性shRNA转导成瘤模型。图5A为裸鼠膀胱癌模型整体图片,图5B为裸鼠膀胱癌模型之肿瘤组织。图5C为两组成瘤曲线对比,图5D为两组肿瘤体积对比。图5E为实验组裸鼠瘤体内荧光表达量图,图5F为对照组裸鼠瘤体内荧光表达量图。图5G两组间平均辐射效率差异T检验,P值=0.00003。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
一.材料和方法
1.TC6A数据库:从TCGA数据库中获得了19例配对癌及邻近正常TCGA样本的ZSCAN16表达谱及膀胱癌样本的临床信息。19例患者的临床数据见表1。
表1:19例患者的临床数据
2.细胞培养和测试
2.1细胞培养和试剂
首先选取两种人类膀胱癌细胞系(T24和5637),均购自ATCC,并按照说明书进行培养和传代。简述如下:T24和5637细胞以5x104/ml浓度接种在含有10ml RPMI-1640(购于Gibco有限公司)+10%(v/v)FBS(购于Sigma Aldrich有限公司)培养液的T-25培养皿中,并置于37℃,5%二氧化碳培养箱中培养。在用qPCR(实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测法)验证ZSCAN16的沉默效率后,我们选择了T24细胞进行以下实验。慢病毒包装选择HEK293T细胞,并在含10%FBS的DMEM完全培养基中培养。
2.2慢病毒RNAi
对两个候选siRNA序列进行了预筛选,验证了其基因沉默效率。慢病毒载体购自中国上海基因化学有限公司。采用非沉默siRNA(5′-gccactgtcagaagaa-3′,SEQ ID NO:1)作为阴性对照(NC)。最后,本研究选择了两个序列分别为5′-gagtaaagttcagcttat-3′,(KD1),SEQ ID NO:2和5′-tagagtacacacggagta-3′(KD2),SEQ ID NO:3的siRNA。
2.3 Celigo成像
将T24细胞分三次接种在96孔板上(2000个细胞/孔)。细胞计数采用Celigo显像细胞仪计数1~5天。对两个候选siRNA序列进行了预筛选,验证了其基因沉默效率。慢病毒载体购自中国上海基因化学有限公司。采用非沉默siRNA(5′-gccactgtcagaagaa-3′,SEQ IDNO:1)作为阴性对照(NC)。最后,本研究选择了两个序列分别为5′-gagtaaagttcagcttat-3′(KD1)SEQ ID N0:2和5′-tagagtacacacggagta-3′(KD2)SEQ ID N0:3的siRNA。
2.4MTT细胞活力实验
对于MTT分析,在4小时内将20μl 5mg/ml的MTT添加到细胞中。然后去除培养基,在每孔中加入150μl DMSO。将96孔板缓慢平行晃动3至5分钟,然后在490nm/570nm下使用VICTORNivo多模式读板器(购于PERKin Elmer有限公司)进行读取。
2.5 Caspase3/7测定
将T24膀胱癌细胞接种在96孔板上(5x104/100u1),37℃温箱培养3~5天。按照Caspase-Glo 3/7试剂盒(购于Promega)说明书进行Caspase3/7测定。按照与样品容量1∶1比例添加Caspase-Glo 3/7试剂,在37℃温箱培养1小时后使用Victor Nivo多模平板阅读器(PERKin Elmer有限公司)在490nm/520nm进行光通量检测。
2.6菌落形成分析
将经抗ZSCAN16的shRNA转导的T24细胞接种到6孔板中(600个细胞/孔),在37摄氏度的含5%二氧化碳的温箱中培养14天以形成菌落。每3天更换一次培养基。无抗ZSCAN16的病毒转导T24细胞作为阴性对照。细胞用4%多聚甲醛固定45分钟后用Giemsa染色。用IX71(Olympus有限公司)采集克隆图像,计算克隆数。
2.7划痕愈合试验
我们将T24细胞系以1x105/100ul浓度在96孔板上,隔夜培育,待细胞生长至90%饱和度。用96孔板划痕复制器(VP Scientific)在细胞单层上进行划痕,清洗掉悬浮细胞后,重新更换为完全培养基继续培养24小时后使用Celigo软件(Nexcelom)进行图像采集和分析。
2.8细胞迁移和侵袭试验
用Trans-well法检测细胞迁移能力。将T24细胞在无血清培养基中进行胰蛋白酶消化和再悬浮。将100ul 5x104T24细胞轻轻添加到Trans-well(Corning公司)的上室中。在Trans-well的下部隔室中添加了600μl含30%FBS的DMEM。然后在37℃,5%二氧化碳的温箱中继续培养24小时后,用棉球去除上层残留的细胞。用0.5%结晶紫染色5分钟,并在100倍放大图像下随机选取4个不同视图,200倍放大图像下随机选取9个不同视图。在显微镜下获得下层染色细胞图像,从200xMagnition显微视图中平均得出的细胞数用作迁移细胞数。
3.实时荧光定量多聚酶链反应(qRT-PCR)和免疫印迹实验(Western blot)
3.1实时qRT-PCR分析
用qRT-PCR检测ZSCAN16的相对表达。用Invitrogen M-MLV cDNA试剂盒从1ug总RNA样品合成cDNA。采用罗氏实时PCR 384(罗氏有限公司)进行qRT-PCR测定。以GAPDH为内参对照,采用ΔΔCT法对相关基因表达进行定量分析。每项实验重复三次。所使用的引物序列为:GAPDH F-TGACTTCAACGGACACCA(SEQ ID NO:4)应改为全大写、GAPDH R-CACCTGTTGCTGTAGCCAAA(SEQ ID N0:5);ZSCAN16F-TTCTCTAAGACCTGCAAGC(SEQ ID NO:6)、ZSCAN16R-TGTCCATGAGTCCCGTC(SEQ ID N0:7)。
3.2蛋白质分离和免疫印迹实验
在RIPA缓冲液(Beyotime有限公司)中溶解T24细胞。在降解的情况下,加入protease cocktail(罗氏公司)。采用BCA试剂盒(Beyotime有限公司)进行蛋白质浓度测定。将细胞裂解物在10%SDS-PAGE凝胶上分离,并在80V下用BiO-RAD装置(Bio radCo.Ltd)进行1.5~2小时的蛋白转膜。然后按照标准方案在含0.1%Tween和5%(w/v)牛奶的PBS中进行免疫印迹。主要抗体有ZSCAN16、ERK等购自Abcam有限公司,羊抗兔和羊抗鼠IgG抗体购自Santa Cru有限公司,采用ECL Plus Kit Regents(Thermo有限公司)进行成像。
3.3统计分析
使用Graphpad prism(8.01版;Graphpad软件)和SPSS(20.0版,SPSS有限公司)统计软件进行统计分析。采用学生t检验和配对t检验分别分析独立组与配对材料的显著性。数据以平均值±SD呈现。采用独立样本t检验比较治疗组。P<0.05(*),P<0.01(**)被认为具有统计学意义。所有实验均设立三个重复组,并至少进行了三次独立的实验。
二、实验结果
1.ZSCAN16在TCGA肿瘤和膀胱癌细胞中广泛表达。
为了验证ZSCAN16在膀胱癌中的表达谱,我们检测了19对TCGA样本和2个经典膀胱癌细胞株(T24和5637)中ZSCAN16的表达水平。如图1A和1B所示,ZSCAN16在肿瘤样本以及所选的两个膀胱癌细胞系中高表达。显然,ZSCAN16在T24和5637细胞中都有高表达。最后,我们选择了表达丰度适中的T24细胞进行后续的实验。
ZSCAN16的TCGA分析表明,ZSCAN16在膀胱癌的发展过程中也可能发挥关键作用。首先,用shRNA慢病毒沉默了ZSCAN16,并对其沉默效率进行了测试。如图1C和D所示,通过qPCR和Western blot在T24细胞中均证明shRNA靶点具有很高的沉默效率(在KD1中接近60%,在KD2中接近80%)。ZSCAN16蛋白的相对表达与qPCR结果一致。这些结果表明ZSCAN16在T24细胞中被成功地沉默。
2.ZSCAN16促进T24细胞增殖
接下来我们研究了ZSCAN16沉默对T24细胞增殖相关细胞功能的影响。对于增殖相关的分析,我们首先将Celigo细胞增殖分析应用于用两个ZSCAN16 shRNA(KD1和KD2)或阴性对照shRNA转导的T24细胞。T24细胞被标记了GFP荧光标签,并在shRNA转染3天后连续5天自动成像。图2A显示了T24细胞的典型图像、细胞计数和倍增变化。MTT分析结果如图2B所示,ZSCAN16沉默显著抑制了细胞增殖。
ZSCAN16基因沉默对T24细胞增殖的抑制作用提示其对细胞凋亡的潜在影响,我们接下来研究了Caspase3/7的活性。图2C所示,与对照组相比,shZSCAN16慢病毒转导的T24细胞Caspase3/7活性显著升高。shRNA靶点(KD1和KD2)相比对照组均存在显著性差异(P<0.01)。
为了进一步研究ZSCAN16在调节T24细胞增殖过程中的作用机制,我们检测沉默ZSCAN16对T24细胞克隆能力的影响。如图2D所示,ZSCAN16基因沉默后T24细胞菌落形成数量显著减少。
总的来说,上述结果清楚地表明,沉默ZSCAN16将抑制膀胱癌细胞的增殖。
3.ZSCAN16促进T24细胞的迁移和侵袭
经前期研究证实,转移占实体肿瘤相关死亡的90%以上,然后我们通过体外划痕试验和Trans-well转移侵袭试验,验证ZSCAN16是否影响膀胱癌细胞的转移能力。在划痕实验中shZSCAN16(KD1和KD2)显著降低了T24细胞的迁移能力(图3A)。通过迁移和侵袭实验,我们观察到细胞膜底部的细胞较少,这表明在shZSCAN16(KD1和KD2)显著降低了T24细胞的迁移和侵袭能力(图3B和3C)。
总的来说,上述结果清楚地表明,沉默ZSCAN16可抑制T24细胞的迁移和侵袭。
4.ZSCAN16失活NF-κ B通路信号的沉默
为了进一步验证ZSCAN16细胞内调控增殖、迁移和侵袭的机制。我们用蛋白质印迹法进行22个关键基因panel研究。图4A所示,在选取的22个关键基因中,有11个基因(NF-κB-p65、Fn1、CDH2、Twist、VIM、MMP2、slug、mTOR、p38、myc、p-AKT)被下调,7个基因(P-NF-κB-p65、MMP9、Cdh1、p-p38、ERK1/2、p-ERK1/2、p-mTOR)被上调。4个基因(β-Catenin、P-β-Catenin、Snail,AKT)无变化。与对照组相关的蛋白质表达倍增变化(如图4B)所示,NF-κB-p65变化最为显著,表达水平下调50%以上。这提示ZSCAN16可能与NF-κB-p65介导的信号通路激活有关。本研究所使用的抗体详情如表2所示。
表2:本研究所使用的抗体
为了进一步研究NF-κB信号如何影响ZSCAN16功能的机制,我们通过过度表达NF-κB-p65进行了包括Tran-swell分析(图4C)和MTT分析(图4D)的功能回复实验。结果与图4A中的Westernblot结果一致,我们可以清楚地观察到NF-κB-p65的过度表达可以显著回复shZSCAN16对T24细胞增殖和迁移的抑制作用。
上述结果表明,ZSCAN16通过激活NF-κB及其下游的信号通路介导其功能。
实施例2:动物实验
一、材料和方法
取4周雌性裸鼠,购于上海灵畅生物科技有限公司,体重和大小实验前大致相同,随机分为2组,每组各10只,各取1*107非沉默siRNA T24细胞株(实施例1的T24ZSCAN16 NC组),和经慢病毒转染的和抗ZSCAN16 shRNA转导的T24细胞株(实施例1的T24 ZSCAN16 KD2组),分别皮下注射裸鼠右腋下,每组的平均体重差别无统计学意义(P<0.05)。待成瘤后(于种植细胞后30天),每周两次测量肿瘤体积以及小鼠体积。瘤体体积=π/6×L×W×W,即=3.14/6×L×W×W。其中L代表长径,W代表短径。6周后所有裸鼠在Lumina LT活体成像仪(购自PERKin Elmer公司)下进行肿瘤区域内荧光表达量(Total Radiant Efficiency,uW/cm2)测量,随后处死,进行测量。
二.结果
见图5A-图5G所示:在裸鼠膀胱癌模型体内实验中,实验组和对照组裸鼠分别经皮下注射shZSCAN16(KD2组)和非沉默siRNA转导的T24细胞(T24 ZSCAN16 ND组)以建立成瘤模型(图5A和图5B)。根据成瘤体积绘制成瘤曲线(见5C),并对比两组肿瘤重量(图5D),测量并分析两组裸鼠瘤体内荧光表达量(见图5E,图5F)。统计分析显示,两组间平均辐射效率具有显著差异(P值=0.00003)(图5G)。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明,它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围,本领域技术人员可以设计出很多其他的修改和实施方式,这些修改和实施方式将落在本申请公开的原则范围和精神之内。更具体地说,在本申请公开、附图和权利要求的范围内,可以对主题组合布局的组成部件和/或布局进行多种变型和改进。除了对组成部件和/或布局进行的变型和改进外,对于本领域技术人员来说,其他的用途也将是明显的。
序列表
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Claims (7)
1.ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂在制备预防和/或治疗膀胱癌的药物中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于:所述药物包括药学上可接受的载体和有效量的活性成分,其中所述的活性成分为ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用途,其特征在于:所述ZSCAN16蛋白的抑制剂选自ZSCAN16蛋白的抗体和/或ZSCAN16蛋白的结合蛋白。
4.ZSCAN16基因表达的抑制剂在制备预防和/或治疗膀胱癌的药物中的用途。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于:所述药物包括药学上可接受的载体和有效量的活性成分,其中所述的活性成分为ZSCAN16基因表达的抑制剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用途,其特征在于:所述ZSCAN16基因表达的抑制剂选自ZSCAN16基因5’UTR、启动子、CDS及3’UTR区域特异性的RNAi、ZSCAN16基因特异性的microRNA、或抑制ZSCAN16基因启动子的抑制剂中的一种或多种。
7.一种体外非治疗性抑制肿瘤细胞的方法,其特征在于:在ZSCAN16蛋白抑制剂或ZSCAN16基因表达抑制剂存在的条件下,培养肿瘤细胞,从而抑制肿瘤细胞,其中所述的肿瘤细胞是膀胱癌细胞。
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