CN112596256A - Optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion and imaging method - Google Patents

Abstract

The optical coherent imaging system and method for reducing optical path dispersion provided by the present application includes: a light source (1), a detection unit (2), an interferometer (3), an image beam transmission unit (4), and a reference beam transmission unit (5) With reference to the beam transmission unit (5), the data acquisition and analysis unit (6), the control unit (7) and the image display unit (8), the optical coherence imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion provided by the present application adopts the polarized light imaging technology, through The use of optical fiber polarizers and polarization couplers to construct a coherent optical coherent imaging system that can reduce optical path dispersion, is not easy to be interfered by stray light in the natural environment, reduces the dispersion of the entire optical path, and greatly reduces the impact on the optical fiber dispersion performance. It reduces the real-time difficulty and cost of the technical solution, improves the imaging signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, improves the detection accuracy and the safety of the operation.

Description

Optical coherent imaging system and imaging method capable of reducing optical path dispersion

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to an optical coherent imaging system and an imaging method capable of reducing optical path dispersion.

Background technique

Optical coherence tomography has the characteristics of non-contact, no radiation, high detection sensitivity, and no damage. Optical coherence tomography has become a standard technology for measuring human eye structure in ophthalmic surgery. Femtosecond laser-assisted ophthalmic surgery is an ophthalmic surgery that uses femtosecond laser pulses, optical coherence tomography technology for high-precision detection, and computer precision calculation for trajectory planning, which automates and intelligently realizes several key steps of traditional ophthalmic surgery. . Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative need to accurately scan the position and contour of eye tissue and image display to the doctor.

In the current technical solution, natural light is used for measurement, which is affected by stray light in the environment and easily introduces imaging errors, which is contrary to the purpose of high-precision measurement. When an optical coherent imaging system that can reduce optical path dispersion is detected, crosstalk is prone to occur, and it is easily interfered by stray light in the natural environment, which greatly reduces the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, and reduces the accuracy of imaging and the safety of surgery.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, it is necessary to provide an optical coherence imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion, which can improve the signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, improve the accuracy of imaging and the safety of surgery, aiming at the defects of the prior art.

For solving the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

An optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion, comprising: a light source (1), a detection unit (2), an interferometer (3), an image beam transmission unit (4), a reference beam transmission unit (5), data acquisition and analysis a unit (6), a control unit (7) and an image display unit (8); the image beam transmission unit (4) includes a first collimating lens (41), a polarization coupler (42), a two-dimensional A galvanometer scanning unit (43), a dichroic mirror (44), a second collimating lens (45), a dispersion compensator (46) and a focusing lens (47), the reference beam transmission unit (5) includes a first a polarizer (51), a second polarizer (52) and a mirror (53); wherein:

The light source (1) generates a scanning wavelength beam that is divided into an image beam and a reference beam by the interferometer (3);

The reference beam enters the first polarizer (51), the second polarizer (52) and the mirror (53) in sequence, and the reference beam then passes through the mirror (53), the second polarizer (52) and the first polarizer (51) are returned to the interferometer (3);

The image beam sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (41), the polarization coupler (42), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), the dichroic mirror (44), the The second collimating lens (45), the dispersion compensator (46) and the focusing lens (47) are collected at the eye and return the image beam from the eye to the interferometer (3) ;

The reference beam and the image beam are coherent at the interferometer (3) to generate coherent light, which is transmitted to the detection unit (2), and the detection unit (2) detects the coherent light and transmits it to the detection unit (2). the data acquisition and analysis unit (6), which generates image information and transmits it to the image display unit (8) to display the image information;

The control unit (7) generates a control signal according to the image information generated by the image display unit (8) and transmits the control signal to the entire optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion for real-time adjustment.

In some of the embodiments, the first polarizer (51) and the second polarizer (52) are polarizers.

In some of these embodiments, the imaging time of the imaging system is 0.01-0.1 seconds.

In some of these embodiments, the imaging system has a frame rate of 50-100 frames per second.

In some of these embodiments, the imaging system has an imaging depth of 8 mm.

In some of these embodiments, the imaging resolution of the imaging system is 5 μm.

In addition, the present invention also provides an imaging method of the optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion, including:

The light source (1) generates a scanning wavelength beam that is divided into an image beam and a reference beam by the interferometer (3);

The reference beam enters the first polarizer (51), the second polarizer (52) and the mirror (53) in sequence, and the reference beam then passes through the mirror (53), the second polarizer (52) and the first polarizer (51) are returned to the interferometer (3);

The image beam sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (41), the polarization coupler (42), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), the dichroic mirror (44), the The second collimating lens (45), the dispersion compensator (46) and the focusing lens (47) are collected at the eye and return the image beam from the eye to the interferometer (3) ;

The reference beam and the image beam are coherent at the interferometer (3) to generate coherent light, which is transmitted to the detection unit (2), and the detection unit (2) detects the coherent light and transmits it to the detection unit (2). the data acquisition and analysis unit (6), which generates image information and transmits it to the image display unit (8) to display the image information;

The control unit (7) generates a control signal according to the image information generated by the image display unit (8) and transmits the control signal to the entire optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion for real-time adjustment.

This application adopts the above-mentioned technical scheme to have the following effects:

Compared with the prior art, the optical coherent imaging system and method for reducing optical path dispersion provided by the present application includes: a light source (1), a detection unit (2), an interferometer (3), an image beam transmission unit (4), The reference beam transmission unit (5), the reference beam transmission unit (5), the data acquisition and analysis unit (6), the control unit (7) and the image display unit (8), the optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion provided by the present application, Using polarized light imaging technology, through the use of fiber polarizers and polarized couplers, a coherent optical coherent imaging system that can reduce optical path dispersion is constructed. The requirements for optical fiber dispersion performance are reduced, the real-time difficulty and cost of technical solutions are reduced, the imaging signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio are improved, the detection accuracy and the safety of performing operations are improved.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that are used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. In some embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein: 1 is the light source, 2 is the detection unit, 3 is the interferometer, 4 is the image beam transmission unit, 41 is the first collimating lens, 42 is the polarization coupler, 43 is the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit, and 44 is the bidirectional Chromatic mirror, 45 is the second collimating lens, 46 is the dispersion compensator, 47 is the focusing lens, 5 is the reference beam transmission unit, 51 is the first polarizer, 52 is the second polarizer, 53 is the mirror, 6 It is a data acquisition and analysis unit, 7 is a control unit, 8 is an image display unit, and 9 is a human eye.

Detailed ways

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings , is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically defined.

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion provided in Embodiment 1 of the application, including: a light source (1), a detection unit (2), an interferometer (3), an image beam transmission unit ( 4), a reference beam transmission unit (5), a data acquisition and analysis unit (6), a control unit (7) and an image display unit (8); the image beam transmission unit (4) includes a first collimator connected in sequence Lens (41), polarization coupler (42), two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), dichroic mirror (44), second collimating lens (45), dispersion compensator (46) and focusing lens (47) ), the reference beam transmission unit (5) includes a first polarizer (51), a second polarizer (52) and a mirror (53).

In some of the embodiments, the optical fiber polarizing unit (10) is a dichroic polarizer.

It can be understood that the polarizer is used to obtain polarized light from natural light, and the vibration direction of the polarized light is consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizer. Using polarized light imaging is not easy to be affected by stray light in the environment, and it is not easy to introduce errors, which greatly improves the measured signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, and improves the accuracy of the imaging system.

The optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion provided by this application works as follows:

The light source (1) generates a scanning wavelength beam that is divided into an image beam and a reference beam by the interferometer (3);

The reference beam enters the first polarizer (51), the second polarizer (52) and the reflector (53) in sequence through the optical fiber transmission line (9), and the reference beam then enters in sequence Return to the interferometer (3) via the mirror (53), the second polarizer (52) and the first polarizer (51).

In some of the embodiments, the optical fiber transmission line (9) is a single-mode optical fiber, and the mode field diameter is 6.2 μm.

The material of the single-mode optical fiber is one of quartz, glass or polymer materials.

It can be understood that the central core diameter of the single-mode optical fiber is very small, and the present invention adopts an optical fiber with a diameter of 6.2 μm, which can only transmit one mode. Therefore, its intermodal dispersion is very small, light can be transmitted for a long distance with a wide frequency band, and the signal distortion is small, which improves the imaging accuracy of the entire optical imaging system.

The image beam sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (41), the first collimating lens (41), the polarization coupler (42), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), the two-way A chromatic mirror (44), the second collimating lens (45), the dispersion compensator (46) and the focusing lens (47) are collected at the eye, and the image beam is returned from the eye to the interferometer (3).

It can be understood that the polarization coupler (42) used is to change the natural light into polarized light, and the vibration direction of the polarized light is consistent with the polarization direction of the polarizer, and imaging using polarized light is not easily affected by stray light in the environment, and is not easy to introduce. The error greatly improves the measured signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, and improves the accuracy of the imaging system.

It can be understood that the present invention adopts a two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), and the deflection speed of the galvanometer is extremely fast, so the entire scanning speed is greatly improved, resulting in fast imaging speed and short imaging time, which means that it can generate information that can provide information about ophthalmology. Timely and therefore useful images of the surgical progress that are fed back to the physician allow the physician to modify the surgical process in response to the feedback, which can be observed in real time while imaging of human eye structures is performed. During femtosecond laser-assisted ophthalmic surgery, doctors can observe the patient's surgical process in real time. At the same time, the two optical coherence tomography measurement systems work in coordination to image the human eye structure in real time, and can simultaneously complete the three-dimensional model imaging of the human eye structure and the observation of the surgical implementation process. .

The reference beam and the image beam are coherent at the interferometer (3) to generate coherent light, which is transmitted to the detection unit (2), and the detection unit 2 detects the coherent light and passes the electrical signal The channel 10 is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis unit 6, and the generated image information is transmitted to the image display unit (8) to display the image information.

The control unit (7) generates a control signal according to the image information generated by the image display unit (8) and transmits the control signal to the entire optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion for real-time adjustment.

Further, the imaging time of the imaging system is 0.01-0.1 seconds.

Further, the frame rate of the imaging system is 50-100 frames per second.

It will be appreciated that the refresh rate typically used for live video images is about 24 frames per second. Therefore, an imaging system that provides images at a refresh rate or frame rate of 50-100 frames per second can provide high resolution live images to the physician. And systems with frame rates or refresh rates much less than 20 to 25 frames per second may not be considered live video imaging, but rather shaky, skipping images that may even distract doctors from eye surgery.

Further, the imaging depth of the imaging system is 8mm. The imaging resolution of the imaging system is 5 μm, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot take into account the depth and high-resolution imaging of human eye structures, can achieve high-precision preoperative detection, intraoperative real-time imaging of the whole eye, and improve the accuracy of surgery sex and safety.

The optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion provided by the present application adopts polarized light imaging technology, and a coordinated optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion is constructed through the use of optical fiber polarizers and polarized couplers, which is not easily affected by the natural environment. The interference of stray light reduces the dispersion of the entire optical path, greatly reduces the requirements for fiber dispersion performance, reduces the difficulty and cost of real-time technical solutions, improves imaging signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, and improves detection accuracy and The safety of performing the surgery.

Example 2

The present application also provides an imaging method of an optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion, comprising the following steps:

Step S110: The light source (1) generates a scanning wavelength beam that is divided into an image beam and a reference beam by the interferometer (3);

Step S120 : the reference beam enters the first polarizer ( 51 ), the second polarizer ( 52 ) and the mirror ( 53 ) in sequence through the optical fiber transmission line 9 . Return to the interferometer (3) through the mirror (53), the second polarizer (52) and the first polarizer (51) in sequence

Step S130: the image beam passes through the first collimating lens (41), the polarization coupler (42), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), and the dichroic mirror (44) in sequence , the second collimating lens (45), the dispersion compensator (46) and the focusing lens (47) are collected at the eye, and the image beam is returned from the eye to the interferometer (3).

Step S140: The reference beam and the image beam are coherent at the interferometer (3) to generate coherent light and transmit it to the detection unit (2), and the detection unit 2 detects the coherent light and passes the coherent light through the interferometer (3). The electrical signal path 10 is transmitted to the data acquisition and analysis unit 6, and the generated image information is transmitted to the image display unit (8) to display the image information.

Step S150: The control unit (7) generates a control signal according to the image information generated by the image display unit (8) and transmits the control signal to the entire optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion for real-time adjustment.

The optical coherent imaging method provided by this application adopts polarized light imaging technology, and constructs a coordinated optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion through the use of optical fiber polarizers and polarized couplers, which is not easily disturbed by stray light in the natural environment, It reduces the dispersion of the entire optical path, greatly reduces the requirements for fiber dispersion performance, reduces the difficulty and cost of real-time technical solutions, improves the imaging signal strength and signal-to-noise ratio, and improves the accuracy of detection and the safety of surgery. .

The above are merely examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations of this application are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims (7)

1. An optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion, characterized in that it comprises: a light source (1), a detection unit (2), an interferometer (3), an image beam transmission unit (4), a reference beam transmission unit ( 5), a data acquisition and analysis unit (6), a control unit (7) and an image display unit (8); the image beam transmission unit (4) includes a first collimating lens (41) and a polarization coupler connected in sequence (42), a two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), a dichroic mirror (44), a second collimating lens (45), a dispersion compensator (46) and a focusing lens (47), the reference beam transmission unit (5) comprising a first polarizer (51), a second polarizer (52) and a reflector (53); wherein: The light source (1) generates a scanning wavelength beam that is divided into an image beam and a reference beam by the interferometer (3); The reference beam enters the first polarizer (51), the second polarizer (52) and the mirror (53) in sequence, and the reference beam then passes through the mirror (53), the second polarizer (52) and the first polarizer (51) are returned to the interferometer (3); The image beam sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (41), the polarization coupler (42), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), the dichroic mirror (44), the The second collimating lens (45), the dispersion compensator (46) and the focusing lens (47) are collected at the eye and return the image beam from the eye to the interferometer (3) ; The reference beam and the image beam are coherent at the interferometer (3) to generate coherent light, which is transmitted to the detection unit (2), and the detection unit (2) detects the coherent light and transmits it to the detection unit (2). the data acquisition and analysis unit (6), which generates image information and transmits it to the image display unit (8) to display the image information; The control unit (7) generates a control signal according to the image information generated by the image display unit (8) and transmits the control signal to the entire optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion for real-time adjustment. 2 . The optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the first polarizer ( 51 ) and the second polarizer ( 52 ) are polarizers. 3 . 3 . The optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the imaging time of the imaging system is 0.01-0.1 seconds. 4 . 4. The optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion according to claim 1, wherein the frame rate of the imaging system is 50-100 frames per second. 5 . The optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the imaging depth of the imaging system is 8 mm. 6 . 6 . The optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion according to claim 1 , wherein the imaging resolution of the imaging system is 5 μm. 7 . 7. An imaging method for an optical coherent imaging system with reduced optical path dispersion according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, comprising: The light source (1) generates a scanning wavelength beam that is divided into an image beam and a reference beam by the interferometer (3); The reference beam enters the first polarizer (51), the second polarizer (52) and the mirror (53) in sequence, and the reference beam then passes through the mirror (53), the second polarizer (52) and the first polarizer (51) are returned to the interferometer (3); The image beam sequentially passes through the first collimating lens (41), the polarization coupler (42), the two-dimensional galvanometer scanning unit (43), the dichroic mirror (44), the The second collimating lens (45), the dispersion compensator (46) and the focusing lens (47) are collected at the eye and return the image beam from the eye to the interferometer (3) ; The reference beam and the image beam are coherent at the interferometer (3) to generate coherent light, which is transmitted to the detection unit (2), and the detection unit (2) detects the coherent light and transmits it to the detection unit (2). the data acquisition and analysis unit (6), which generates image information and transmits it to the image display unit (8) to display the image information; The control unit (7) generates a control signal according to the image information generated by the image display unit (8) and transmits the control signal to the entire optical coherent imaging system capable of reducing optical path dispersion for real-time adjustment.

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