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CN112613901B - Optimization method for wind power and reversible fuel cell to participate in electric power market operation together - Google Patents

Optimization method for wind power and reversible fuel cell to participate in electric power market operation together Download PDF

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CN112613901B
CN112613901B CN202011474448.9A CN202011474448A CN112613901B CN 112613901 B CN112613901 B CN 112613901B CN 202011474448 A CN202011474448 A CN 202011474448A CN 112613901 B CN112613901 B CN 112613901B
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CN112613901A (en
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杨自娟
高赐威
陈涛
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Southeast University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for optimizing the operation of a power market by jointly participating wind power and a reversible fuel cell, which combines a wind power generation field with the flexible technology reversible fuel cell capable of compensating wind power forecast uncertainty to endow the wind power with more control rights for power supply of a power grid; the wind power generation control system is coordinated with the controllable equipment rSOC to participate in the electric power market, so that the risk of wind power participation in the electric power market operation can be effectively reduced, when the predicted output of wind power is larger than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell is controlled to work in a fuel cell mode on the basis of comprehensively considering the economy of natural gas, electric power and hydrogen, and the natural gas is used for generating electric power to make up for the shortage of wind power output; and when the predicted output of wind power is smaller than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell is controlled to work in an electrolysis mode on the basis of comprehensively considering the economy of natural gas, electric power and hydrogen, and redundant electric power is converted into hydrogen so as to increase income and improve economic benefit.

Description

一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法A method for optimizing the operation of wind power and reversible fuel cells in the electricity market

技术领域Technical Field

本发明涉及风电参与电力市场领域，具体是一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法。The present invention relates to the field of wind power participating in the electricity market, and in particular to an optimization method for wind power and reversible fuel cells participating in the electricity market operation together.

背景技术Background technique

为了减少排放和提高能源供应的安全性，可再生发电技术(主要是风力涡轮机)的装机容量不断增加。风电出力的不确定性和不可控性给风电场参与电力市场带来了风险，因为风电的预测(决定了风电的供应量)往往偏离风电实际出力，从而导致不平衡的惩罚成本。因此，将风力发电场与可补偿风力预报不确定性的灵活技术相结合，可以赋予运营商更多对电网供电的控制权。可逆燃料电池具有气电双向转换的功能，可作为能量转换装置，在电解模式下将多余的电能转化为氢气，在燃料电池模式下可将氢气或天然气转化为电能。通过与可调控设备可逆燃料电池协调参与电力市场，可以有效降低风电参与电力市场运行的风险，提高能源利用效率，最大化协调系统参与电力市场运行优化的利润。To reduce emissions and improve the security of energy supply, the installed capacity of renewable power generation technologies (mainly wind turbines) is increasing. The uncertainty and uncontrollability of wind power output poses risks to wind farms' participation in the electricity market, as wind power forecasts (which determine the amount of wind power supplied) often deviate from the actual wind power output, resulting in imbalance penalty costs. Therefore, combining wind farms with flexible technologies that can compensate for wind power forecast uncertainties can give operators more control over the power supply of the grid. Reversible fuel cells have the function of bidirectional conversion of gas and electricity. They can be used as energy conversion devices to convert excess electricity into hydrogen in electrolysis mode and hydrogen or natural gas into electricity in fuel cell mode. By coordinating with the controllable device reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market, the risks of wind power participating in the operation of the electricity market can be effectively reduced, the energy utilization efficiency can be improved, and the profits of the coordinated system participating in the optimization of the operation of the electricity market can be maximized.

发明内容Summary of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法，本发明优化方法将风力发电场与可补偿风力预报不确定性的灵活技术可逆燃料电池相结合，可以赋予风电更多对电网供电的控制权；与可调控设备rSOC协调参与电力市场，可以有效降低风电参与电力市场运行的风险，在风电的预测出力大于实际出力时，综合考虑天然气、电力和氢气的经济性基础上，控制可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式，用天然气来生产电力，弥补风电出力不足；亦可以在风电的预测出力小于实际出力时，综合考虑天然气、电力和氢气的经济性基础上，控制可逆燃料电池工作于电解模式，将冗余的电力转化为氢气从而增加收入，提高经济效益。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an optimization method for wind power and reversible fuel cells to jointly participate in the operation of the electricity market. The optimization method of the present invention combines a wind farm with a flexible technology reversible fuel cell that can compensate for the uncertainty of wind forecasts, which can give wind power more control over the power supply of the power grid; coordinated participation in the electricity market with the adjustable device rSOC can effectively reduce the risk of wind power participating in the operation of the electricity market. When the predicted output of wind power is greater than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell is controlled to operate in a fuel cell mode based on a comprehensive consideration of the economic benefits of natural gas, electricity and hydrogen, and electricity is produced using natural gas to make up for the insufficient output of wind power; it can also be controlled to operate in an electrolysis mode when the predicted output of wind power is less than the actual output, based on a comprehensive consideration of the economic benefits of natural gas, electricity and hydrogen, and the redundant electricity is converted into hydrogen to increase income and improve economic benefits.

本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案实现：The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法，优化方法包括以下步骤：A method for optimizing the operation of wind power and reversible fuel cells in a power market, the method comprising the following steps:

S1:建立风电和可逆燃料电池的共同决策者在两者协同参与电力市场运行优化时最大化利润的目标函数，数学模型为：S1: Establish the objective function of maximizing profits when the joint decision makers of wind power and reversible fuel cells participate in the optimization of power market operation. The mathematical model is:

S2:建立风电参与电力市场的利润模型：S2: Establish a profit model for wind power to participate in the electricity market:

S3:建立可逆燃料电池参与电力市场的利润模型：S3: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market:

S4:建立可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式下的利润模型：S4: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells working in fuel cell mode:

S5:建立可逆燃料电池工作于电解模式下的利润模型：S5: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells operating in electrolysis mode:

S6:建立风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场不平衡利润的模型：S6: Establish a model for the unbalanced profits of wind power and reversible fuel cells participating in the electricity market:

S7:建立衡量风电和可逆燃料电池协调系统参与电力市场的整体利润风险的CVaR模型：S7: Establish a CVaR model to measure the overall profit risk of wind power and reversible fuel cell coordination system participating in the electricity market:

S8:建立风电参与电力市场运行的约束条件，各约束条件的模型如下：S8: Establish the constraints for wind power to participate in the electricity market operation. The models of each constraint are as follows:

S9:建立可逆燃料电池参与电力市场运行的约束条件，各约束条件的模型如下：S9: Establish the constraints for reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market operation. The models of each constraint are as follows:

对于可逆燃料电池处于燃料电池模式下的约束模型为：The constraint model for a reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode is:

其中，为rSOC在SOFC模式下所允许的最大运行功率；in, is the maximum operating power allowed by rSOC in SOFC mode;

对于可逆燃料电池处于电解模式下的约束模型为：The constraint model for a reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode is:

其中，为rSOC在SOEC模式下所允许的最大运行功率；in, is the maximum operating power allowed by rSOC in SOEC mode;

为了保证rSOC在任何一个时刻只工作于一种工作状态，添加如下约束模型：In order to ensure that rSOC works in only one working state at any time, the following constraint model is added:

为保证可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式和电解模式下前后两个时刻实际运行功率的变化在允许的范围之内，添加如下约束模型：In order to ensure that the change of the actual operating power of the reversible fuel cell in the fuel cell mode and the electrolysis mode is within the allowable range, the following constraint model is added:

其中，为rSOC工作于SOFC模式下功率增加时所能允许的功率变化量，/>为rSOC工作于SOEC模式下功率增加时所能允许的功率变化量；in, is the allowable power variation when the power of rSOC increases when working in SOFC mode,/> The power variation allowed when the power increases when the rSOC works in the SOEC mode;

S10：建立正功率偏差的约束模型：S10: Establishing positive power deviation Constraint model:

S11：建立竞标曲线非递减的约束模型：S11: Establish a non-decreasing constraint model for the bidding curve:

S12：建立竞标曲线非预期的约束模型：S12: Establishing the unexpected constraint model of the bidding curve:

进一步的，所述步骤S1中EP表示总利润，VWDs是场景为s时的风电利润，VrSOCs是场景为s时可逆燃料电池的利润，VIMBs是场景为s时风电和可逆燃料电池协同系统的不平衡利润，CVaRα用于控制在给定置信水平α下对于风电和可逆燃料电池协同系统的风险，系数χ用于控制风险的权重；NΩ为场景s的场景集个数。Furthermore, in step S1, EP represents the total profit, VWD s is the profit of wind power when the scenario is s, VrSOC s is the profit of the reversible fuel cell when the scenario is s, VIMB s is the unbalanced profit of the wind power and reversible fuel cell coordinated system when the scenario is s, CVaR α is used to control the risk of the wind power and reversible fuel cell coordinated system under a given confidence level α, and the coefficient χ is used to control the weight of the risk; N Ω is the number of scenario sets of scenario s.

进一步的，所述步骤S2中为目前电力市场价格，/>为风电在日前市场的售电竞标容量。Furthermore, in step S2 is the current electricity market price,/> It is the bidding capacity for wind power sales in the day-ahead market.

进一步的，所述步骤S3中，为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的利润，为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的利润，utc为二进制控制变量，0为电解模式，1为燃料电池模式，NC为可逆燃料电池装置数量，NT为时间步长数。Furthermore, in step S3, is the profit of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, is the profit of the reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode, utc is a binary control variable, 0 for electrolysis mode and 1 for fuel cell mode, NC is the number of reversible fuel cell devices, and NT is the number of time steps.

进一步的，所述步骤S4中，为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的售电竞标容量，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的实际发电量，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的实际发电成本，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的启动成本，/>为二进制量，0表示停机，1表示运行，/>表示可逆燃料电池由电解转变为燃料电池的转换成本。Furthermore, in step S4, is the power selling capacity of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode,/> is the actual power generation of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the actual power generation cost of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the startup cost of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> It is a binary value, 0 means shutdown, 1 means running,/> Represents the conversion cost of a reversible fuel cell from electrolysis to fuel cell.

进一步的，所述步骤S5中，为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的实际消耗天然气量，ηP2G为电解模式下的能量转换系数，λH为氢气的销售价格，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下在目前市场购电容量，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的启动成本，/>为二进制量，0表示停机，1表示运行，/>表示可逆燃料电池由燃料电池模式转变为电解模式的转换成本。Furthermore, in step S5, is the actual natural gas consumption of the reversible fuel cell in the electrolysis mode, η P2G is the energy conversion coefficient in the electrolysis mode, λ H is the sales price of hydrogen, /> The current market purchasing capacity for reversible fuel cells in electrolysis mode, /> is the startup cost of the reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode, /> It is a binary value, 0 means shutdown, 1 means running,/> Represents the conversion cost of a reversible fuel cell from fuel cell mode to electrolysis mode.

进一步的，所述步骤S6中，为正功率偏差下不平衡市场价格与日前电力价格的比值，/>为负功率偏差下不平衡市场价格与日前电力价格的比值；/>为正功率偏差量，/>为负功率偏差量；Δst为实际发电功率和竞标容量之间的偏差，/>为风电和可逆燃料电池协调系统在目前电力市场的最优竞标容量。Furthermore, in step S6, is the ratio of the unbalanced market price to the day-ahead electricity price under positive power deviation,/> is the ratio of the unbalanced market price to the day-ahead electricity price under negative power deviation;/> is the positive power deviation, /> is the negative power deviation; Δst is the deviation between the actual power generation and the bidding capacity, /> Optimal bidding capacity for wind power and reversible fuel cell coordination systems in the current electricity market.

进一步的，所述步骤S7中，πs为场景概率，ξ和ηs均为衡量协调系统条件风险价值CVaRα的辅助变量。Furthermore, in step S7, π s is the scenario probability, and ξ and η s are both auxiliary variables for measuring the conditional risk value CVaR α of the coordinated system.

进一步的，所述步骤S8中，为风电场所允许输出的最大功率。Furthermore, in step S8, The maximum power allowed to be output by a wind farm.

进一步的，所述可逆燃料电池工作模式有：模式一为燃料电池模式，将氢气/天然气转换成电能；模式二为：电解模式，将电能转换成氢气，在电解模式下进一步将氢气甲烷化转换成天然气。Furthermore, the reversible fuel cell has two working modes: mode one is the fuel cell mode, which converts hydrogen/natural gas into electrical energy; mode two is the electrolysis mode, which converts electrical energy into hydrogen, and in the electrolysis mode, further converts hydrogen into natural gas by methanation.

本发明的有益效果：Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1、本发明优化方法将风力发电场与可补偿风力预报不确定性的灵活技术可逆燃料电池相结合，可以赋予风电更多对电网供电的控制权；1. The optimization method of the present invention combines wind farms with reversible fuel cells, a flexible technology that can compensate for the uncertainty of wind forecasts, which can give wind power more control over grid power supply;

2、本发明优化方法与可调控设备rSOC协调参与电力市场，可以有效降低风电参与电力市场运行的风险，在风电的预测出力大于实际出力时，综合考虑天然气、电力和氢气的经济性基础上，控制可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式，用天然气来生产电力，弥补风电出力不足；亦可以在风电的预测出力小于实际出力时，综合考虑天然气、电力和氢气的经济性基础上，控制可逆燃料电池工作于电解模式，将冗余的电力转化为氢气从而增加收入，提高经济效益。2. The optimization method of the present invention coordinates with the adjustable device rSOC to participate in the electricity market, which can effectively reduce the risk of wind power participating in the operation of the electricity market. When the predicted output of wind power is greater than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell can be controlled to operate in the fuel cell mode based on a comprehensive consideration of the economic benefits of natural gas, electricity and hydrogen, and electricity can be produced with natural gas to make up for the insufficient output of wind power. When the predicted output of wind power is less than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell can be controlled to operate in the electrolysis mode based on a comprehensive consideration of the economic benefits of natural gas, electricity and hydrogen, and the redundant electricity can be converted into hydrogen to increase income and improve economic benefits.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例对技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solution will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法，在风电的预测出力大于实际出力时，综合考虑天然气、电力和氢气的经济性基础上，控制可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式，用天然气来生产电力，弥补风电出力不足；亦可以在风电的预测出力小于实际出力时，综合考虑天然气、电力和氢气的经济性基础上，控制可逆燃料电池工作于电解模式，将冗余的电力转化为氢气从而增加收入，提高经济效益。具体的工作模式，可依据所建立的数学模型进行仿真优化后综合决策，具体包括以下步骤：A method for optimizing the operation of wind power and reversible fuel cells in the electricity market. When the predicted output of wind power is greater than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell is controlled to work in the fuel cell mode based on the comprehensive consideration of the economic efficiency of natural gas, electricity and hydrogen, and natural gas is used to produce electricity to make up for the insufficient output of wind power. When the predicted output of wind power is less than the actual output, the reversible fuel cell is controlled to work in the electrolysis mode based on the comprehensive consideration of the economic efficiency of natural gas, electricity and hydrogen, and the redundant electricity is converted into hydrogen to increase income and improve economic benefits. The specific working mode can be comprehensively decided after simulation optimization based on the established mathematical model, which specifically includes the following steps:

S1：建立风电和可逆燃料电池的共同决策者在两者协同参与电力市场运行优化时最大化利润的目标函数，数学模型为：S1: Establish the objective function of maximizing profits when the joint decision makers of wind power and reversible fuel cells participate in the optimization of power market operation. The mathematical model is:

其中，EP表示总利润，VWDs是场景为s时的风电利润，VrSOCs是场景为s时可逆燃料电池的利润，VIMBs是场景为s时风电和可逆燃料电池协同系统的不平衡利润，CVaRα可以用于控制在给定置信水平α下对于风电和可逆燃料电池协同系统的风险，系数χ可以用于控制风险的权重。NΩ为场景s的场景集个数。Among them, EP represents the total profit, VWD s is the profit of wind power when scenario s, VrSOC s is the profit of reversible fuel cells when scenario s, VIMB s is the unbalanced profit of the wind power and reversible fuel cell coordinated system when scenario s, CVaR α can be used to control the risk of the wind power and reversible fuel cell coordinated system under a given confidence level α, and the coefficient χ can be used to control the risk weight. N Ω is the number of scenario sets for scenario s.

S2：建立风电参与电力市场的利润模型：S2: Establish a profit model for wind power to participate in the electricity market:

其中，为日前电力市场价格，/>为风电在目前市场的售电竞标容量。in, is the day-ahead electricity market price,/> It is the standard capacity for wind power sales in the current market.

S3：建立可逆燃料电池参与电力市场的利润模型：S3: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market:

其中，为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的利润，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的利润，utc为二进制控制变量(0为电解模式，1为燃料电池模式)，NC为可逆燃料电池装置数量，NT为时间步长数。in, For the profit of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the profit of the reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode, utc is a binary control variable (0 for electrolysis mode, 1 for fuel cell mode), NC is the number of reversible fuel cell devices, and NT is the number of time steps.

S4：建立可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式下的利润模型：S4: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells operating in fuel cell mode:

其中，为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的售电竞标容量，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的实际发电量，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的实际发电成本，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的启动成本，/>为二进制量(0表示停机，1表示运行)，/>表示可逆燃料电池由电解转变为燃料电池的转换成本。in, is the standard capacity of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the actual power generation of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the actual power generation cost of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the startup cost of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> It is a binary value (0 means shutdown, 1 means running),/> Represents the conversion cost of a reversible fuel cell from electrolysis to fuel cell.

S5：建立可逆燃料电池工作于电解模式下的利润模型：S5: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells operating in electrolysis mode:

其中，为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的实际消耗天然气量，ηP2G为电解模式下的能量转换系数，λH为氢气的销售价格，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下在目前市场购电容量，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的启动成本，/>为二进制量(0表示停机，1表示运行)，/>表示可逆燃料电池由燃料电池模式转变为电解模式的转换成本。in, is the actual natural gas consumption of the reversible fuel cell in the electrolysis mode, η P2G is the energy conversion coefficient in the electrolysis mode, λ H is the sales price of hydrogen, /> The current market purchasing capacity for reversible fuel cells in electrolysis mode, /> is the startup cost of the reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode, /> It is a binary value (0 means shutdown, 1 means running),/> Represents the conversion cost of a reversible fuel cell from fuel cell mode to electrolysis mode.

S6：建立风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场不平衡利润的模型：S6: Establish a model for the unbalanced profits of wind power and reversible fuel cells participating in the electricity market:

其中，为正功率偏差下不平衡市场价格与目前电力价格的比值，/>为负功率偏差下不平衡市场价格与目前电力价格的比值。/>为正功率偏差量，/>为负功率偏差量；Δst为实际发电功率和竞标容量之间的偏差(正功率和负功率不平衡量的总和)，/>为风电和可逆燃料电池协调系统在目前电力市场的最优竞标容量。in, is the ratio of the unbalanced market price to the current electricity price under positive power deviation,/> It is the ratio of the unbalanced market price under negative power deviation to the current electricity price. /> is the positive power deviation, /> is the negative power deviation; Δst is the deviation between the actual power generation and the bidding capacity (the sum of the positive and negative power imbalances), /> Optimal bidding capacity for wind power and reversible fuel cell coordination systems in the current electricity market.

S7：建立衡量风电和可逆燃料电池协调系统参与电力市场的整体利润风险的CVaR模型：S7: Establish a CVaR model to measure the overall profit risk of wind power and reversible fuel cell coordination system participating in the electricity market:

其中，πs为场景概率，ξ和ηs均为衡量协调系统条件风险价值CVaRα的辅助变量。Among them, πs is the scenario probability, ξ and ηs are auxiliary variables for measuring the conditional risk value CVaR α of the coordinated system.

S8：建立风电参与电力市场运行的约束条件，各约束条件的模型如下：S8: Establish the constraints for wind power to participate in the electricity market operation. The models of each constraint are as follows:

其中，为风电场所允许输出的最大功率。in, The maximum power allowed to be output by a wind farm.

S9：建立可逆燃料电池参与电力市场运行的约束条件，各约束条件的模型如下：S9: Establish the constraints for reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market operation. The models of each constraint are as follows:

对于可逆燃料电池处于燃料电池模式下的约束模型为：The constraint model for a reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode is:

其中，为rSOC在SOFC模式下所允许的最大运行功率。in, is the maximum operating power allowed by rSOC in SOFC mode.

对于可逆燃料电池处于电解模式下的约束模型为：The constraint model for a reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode is:

其中，为rSOC在SOEC模式下所允许的最大运行功率。in, It is the maximum operating power allowed by rSOC in SOEC mode.

为了保证rSOC在任何一个时刻只工作于一种工作状态，添加如下约束模型：In order to ensure that rSOC works in only one working state at any time, the following constraint model is added:

为保证可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式和电解模式下前后两个时刻实际运行功率的变化在允许的范围之内，添加如下约束模型：In order to ensure that the change of the actual operating power of the reversible fuel cell in the fuel cell mode and the electrolysis mode is within the allowable range, the following constraint model is added:

其中，为rSOC工作于SOFC模式下功率增加时所能允许的功率变化量，/>为rSOC工作于SOEC模式下功率增加时所能允许的功率变化量。in, is the allowable power variation when the power of rSOC increases when working in SOFC mode,/> It is the allowable power change when the power increases when rSOC works in SOEC mode.

S10：建立正功率偏差的约束模型：S10: Establishing positive power deviation Constraint model:

S11：建立竞标曲线非递减的约束模型：S11: Establish a non-decreasing constraint model for the bidding curve:

S12：建立竞标曲线非预期的约束模型：S12: Establishing the unexpected constraint model of the bidding curve:

在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims (2)

1.一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法，其特征在于，优化方法包括以下步骤：1. A method for optimizing the operation of wind power and reversible fuel cells in the electricity market, characterized in that the optimization method comprises the following steps: S1:建立风电和可逆燃料电池的共同决策者在两者协同参与电力市场运行优化时最大化利润的目标函数，数学模型为：S1: Establish the objective function of maximizing profits when the joint decision makers of wind power and reversible fuel cells participate in the optimization of power market operation. The mathematical model is: S2:建立风电参与电力市场的利润模型：S2: Establish a profit model for wind power to participate in the electricity market: S3:建立可逆燃料电池参与电力市场的利润模型：S3: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market: S4:建立可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式下的利润模型：S4: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells working in fuel cell mode: S5:建立可逆燃料电池工作于电解模式下的利润模型：S5: Establish a profit model for reversible fuel cells operating in electrolysis mode: S6:建立风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场不平衡利润的模型：S6: Establish a model for the unbalanced profits of wind power and reversible fuel cells participating in the electricity market: S7:建立衡量风电和可逆燃料电池协调系统参与电力市场的整体利润风险的CVaR模型：S7: Establish a CVaR model to measure the overall profit risk of wind power and reversible fuel cell coordination system participating in the electricity market: S8:建立风电参与电力市场运行的约束条件，各约束条件的模型如下：S8: Establish the constraints for wind power to participate in the electricity market operation. The models of each constraint are as follows: S9:建立可逆燃料电池参与电力市场运行的约束条件，各约束条件的模型如下：S9: Establish the constraints for reversible fuel cells to participate in the electricity market operation. The models of each constraint are as follows: 对于可逆燃料电池处于燃料电池模式下的约束模型为：The constraint model for a reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode is: 其中，为rSOC在SOFC模式下所允许的最大运行功率；in, is the maximum operating power allowed by rSOC in SOFC mode; 对于可逆燃料电池处于电解模式下的约束模型为：The constraint model for a reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode is: 其中，为rSOC在SOEC模式下所允许的最大运行功率；in, is the maximum operating power allowed by rSOC in SOEC mode; 为了保证rSOC在任何一个时刻只工作于一种工作状态，添加如下约束模型：In order to ensure that rSOC works in only one working state at any time, the following constraint model is added: 为保证可逆燃料电池工作于燃料电池模式和电解模式下前后两个时刻实际运行功率的变化在允许的范围之内，添加如下约束模型：In order to ensure that the change of the actual operating power of the reversible fuel cell in the fuel cell mode and the electrolysis mode is within the allowable range, the following constraint model is added: 其中，为rSOC工作于SOFC模式下功率增加时所能允许的功率变化量，/>为rSOC工作于SOEC模式下功率增加时所能允许的功率变化量；in, is the allowable power variation when the power of rSOC increases when working in SOFC mode,/> The power variation allowed when the power increases when the rSOC works in the SOEC mode; S10:建立正功率偏差的约束模型：S10: Establishing positive power deviation Constraint model: S11:建立竞标曲线非递减的约束模型：S11: Establish a non-decreasing constraint model for the bidding curve: S12:建立竞标曲线非预期的约束模型：S12: Establishing the unexpected constraint model of the bidding curve: 所述步骤S1中EP表示总利润，VWDs是场景为s时的风电利润，VRSOCs是场景为s时可逆燃料电池的利润，VIMBs是场景为s时风电和可逆燃料电池协同系统的不平衡利润，CVaRα用于控制在给定置信水平α下对于风电和可逆燃料电池协同系统的风险，系数χ用于控制风险的权重；NΩ为场景s的场景集个数；In step S1, EP represents the total profit, VWD s is the profit of wind power when the scenario is s, VRSOC s is the profit of the reversible fuel cell when the scenario is s, VIMB s is the unbalanced profit of the wind power and reversible fuel cell coordinated system when the scenario is s, CVaR α is used to control the risk of the wind power and reversible fuel cell coordinated system under a given confidence level α, and the coefficient χ is used to control the weight of the risk; N Ω is the number of scenario sets of scenario s; 所述步骤S2中为日前电力市场价格，/>为风电在日前市场的售电竞标容量；In step S2 is the day-ahead electricity market price,/> To bid for the capacity of wind power sold in the day-ahead market; 所述步骤S3中，为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的利润，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的利润，utc为二进制控制变量，0为电解模式，1为燃料电池模式，NC为可逆燃料电池装置数量，NT为时间步长数；In the step S3, For the profit of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the profit of the reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode, u tc is a binary control variable, 0 for electrolysis mode, 1 for fuel cell mode, NC is the number of reversible fuel cell devices, and NT is the number of time steps; 所述步骤S4中，为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的售电竞标容量，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的实际发电量，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的实际发电成本，/>为可逆燃料电池在燃料电池模式下的启动成本，/>为二进制量，0表示停机，1表示运行，/>表示可逆燃料电池由电解转变为燃料电池的转换成本；In the step S4, is the power selling capacity of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode,/> is the actual power generation of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the actual power generation cost of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> is the startup cost of the reversible fuel cell in fuel cell mode, /> It is a binary value, 0 means shutdown, 1 means running,/> represents the conversion cost of a reversible fuel cell from electrolysis to fuel cell; 所述步骤S5中，为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的实际消耗天然气量，ηP2G为电解模式下的能量转换系数，λH为氢气的销售价格，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下在日前市场购电容量，/>为可逆燃料电池在电解模式下的启动成本，/>为二进制量，0表示停机，1表示运行，/>表示可逆燃料电池由燃料电池模式转变为电解模式的转换成本；In the step S5, is the actual natural gas consumption of the reversible fuel cell in the electrolysis mode, η P2G is the energy conversion coefficient in the electrolysis mode, λ H is the sales price of hydrogen, /> The power purchase capacity of the reversible fuel cell in the electrolysis mode on the day-ahead market, /> is the startup cost of the reversible fuel cell in electrolysis mode, /> It is a binary value, 0 means shutdown, 1 means running,/> represents the conversion cost of a reversible fuel cell from fuel cell mode to electrolysis mode; 所述步骤S6中，为正功率偏差下不平衡市场价格与日前电力价格的比值，/>为负功率偏差下不平衡市场价格与日前电力价格的比值；/>为正功率偏差量，/>为负功率偏差量；Δst为实际发电功率和竞标容量之间的偏差，/>为风电和可逆燃料电池协调系统在日前电力市场的最优竞标容量；In step S6, is the ratio of the unbalanced market price to the day-ahead electricity price under positive power deviation,/> is the ratio of the unbalanced market price to the day-ahead electricity price under negative power deviation;/> is the positive power deviation, /> is the negative power deviation; Δst is the deviation between the actual power generation and the bidding capacity, /> Optimal bidding capacity for wind power and reversible fuel cell coordination systems in the day-ahead electricity market; 所述步骤S7中，πs为场景概率，ξ和ηs均为衡量协调系统条件风险价值CVaRα的辅助变量；In step S7, π s is the scenario probability, ξ and η s are both auxiliary variables for measuring the coordinated system conditional risk value CVaR α ; 所述步骤S8中，为风电场所允许输出的最大功率。In the step S8, The maximum power allowed to be output by a wind farm. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种风电和可逆燃料电池共同参与电力市场运行优化方法,其特征在于，所述可逆燃料电池工作模式有：模式一为燃料电池模式，将氢气/天然气转换成电能；模式二为：电解模式，将电能转换成氢气，在电解模式下进一步将氢气甲烷化转换成天然气。2. According to claim 1, a method for optimizing the operation of the electricity market jointly involving wind power and reversible fuel cells is characterized in that the reversible fuel cell has two working modes: mode one is the fuel cell mode, which converts hydrogen/natural gas into electrical energy; mode two is the electrolysis mode, which converts electrical energy into hydrogen, and further converts hydrogen into natural gas by methanation in the electrolysis mode.
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